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All Journal Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan JURNAL GIZI INDONESIA Jurnal Ilmu keperawatan Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi UNEJ e-Proceeding Sari Pediatri Paediatrica Indonesiana Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Jurnal Keperawatan Respati Yogyakarta Basic and Applied Nursing Research Journal Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)

Madarina Julia

Universitas Gadjah Mada

Author-ID : 257273

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Other

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Effect of oral sugar solution for reducing pain in infants underwent diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT) im- munization: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial Arief Priambodo; Madarina Julia; Djauhar Ismail
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 48 No 1 (2008): January 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Infants are often subjected to painful procedures suchas diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DTP) immunization. Despiteits negative effects, pain in infants has not got enough attention.Sweet oral solution has analgesic effect.Objective To determine whether oral sugar solution can reducethe duration of crying in infants who got DTP immunization.Methods This was a randomized, double-blind controlled trialperformed at Growth and Development Clinic of Dr. SardjitoGeneral Hospital and two Primary Health Centers in Yogyakarta.Study subjects were 4-6 month-old infants who got the 3 rd DTPimmunization. Subjects were randomly allocated to receive 2 ml75% oral sugar solution (intervention group) or 2 ml drinkingwater (placebo) just before the immunization. Crying was recordedfrom just before the injection until 3 minutes after.Results Eighty-six subjects were enrolled; 42 subjects receivedsugar solution and 44 subjects received placebo. Sugar solutionreduced the median duration of first cry about 38 seconds or 32%(P=0.03) and reduced the median duration of total crying about35 seconds or 24% (P=0.02).Conclusion Administration of 2 ml 75% oral sugar solution canalleviate pain associated with DTP immunization as shown byreduced duration of crying.

Risk factors of cerebral palsy in the perinatal period Santi Gunarwati; S. Yudha Patria; Madarina Julia
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 48 No 3 (2008): May 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Cerebral palsy is an irreversible yet preventablecondition, thus it is necessary to know the risk factors of thedisease. The potential risk factors that are found in the perinataland neonatal period i.e. asphyxia, sepsis, very low birth weight,premature birth, and neonatal seizure. No available data for therisk factors of cerebral palsy in Indonesia.Objective To identify the perinatal risk factors in cerebral palsy.Methods We performed an age and sex-matched nested case-control study. The case group was children with cerebral palsywho were born at Sardjito Hospital during 1997-2005. The controlgroup was selected from the same population as the case group.Risk factors during the perinatal period consisted of asphyxia,sepsis, very low birth weight, premature birth and neonatal seizure.Logistic regression was used to determine the association betweenrisk factors and cerebral palsy.Results Univariate analysis showed that the following factors wererisk factors for cerebral palsy, i.e., asphyxia (OR 5.6, 95%CI 2.48;12.53); premature birth (OR 4.5; 95%CI 1.55; 13.13); and neona-tal seizure (OR 7.5, 95%CI 3.13; 18.03). On multivariate analysisrisk factors associated with cerebral palsy were asphyxia (aOR6.3, 95%CI 2.42; 16.66) and neonatal seizure (aOR 10.9,95%CI4.03; 29.97).Conclusion Asphyxia and neonatal seizure are significant riskfactors of cerebral palsy in perinatal period

Magnesium intake and insulin resistance in obese adolescent girls Harry Freitag Luglio Muhammad; Emy Huriyati; Rina Susilowati; Madarina Julia
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 49 No 4 (2009): July 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background The worldwide increase in the prevalence ofcardiovascular diseases in adulthood is related to obesity inchildren and adolescents. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia observed in obese individuals are the precursors of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Magnesium, through its action on insulin receptors, is proposed to be an important factor in preventing insulin resistance.Objective The aim of this study was to assess the associationbetween magnesium intake and insulin resistance in obeseadolescent girls.Methods This was a cross-sectional study on obese adolescentgirls in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Insulin resistance was defined as a HOMA-IR index of3.16 or more. HOMA-IR was calculated usingfasting insulin and plasma glucose levels. Magnesium intake andenergy adjusted magnesium intake were measured using a 24-hour food recall method on 6 non-consecutive days.Results Of 7 8 obese adolescent girls included in our study, 56% of them were found to be insulin resistant. Magnesium intake was only 61 o/o of the recommended daily requirement for adolescent girls. There were no significant associations between magnesium intake and either HOMA-IR or hyperinsulinemia.Conclusion Our study does not find an association betweeninsulin resistance and magnesium intake in obese adolescent girls.

Number of blood pressure measurements needed for screening of hypertension in children and adolescents Madarina Julia
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 49 No 4 (2009): July 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Routine blood pressure assessment is recommended because childhood hypertension is significantly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. However, results of blood pressure measurements in children are highly variable, associated with the risk of under or over-diagnosing in hypertension.Objective To assess the optimal number of measurements to screen elevated blood pressures in children and adolescents.Methods This study used two sets of data, i.e. a dataset from 104 obese and non-obese, male and female primary school-children, and a dataset from 79 obese female adolescents. Blood pressure (BP) was measured using standard techniques described by the fourth report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program (NHBPEP) Working Group on Children and Adolescents. Elevated BP was defined as systolic and diastolic BP at or above the 90th percentile for gender, age, and height.Results BP measurements taken on day-one were significantlyhigher than those taken on day-two and three. This led tohigher prevalence of elevated BP when only one measurementwas performed. Using the average of two measurements in twooccasions detected elevated blood pressure with specificity andpositive predictive value (PPV) ranged from 0. 74 to 1.0 and 0.58to 1.0, respectively.Conclusions It is necessary to measure blood pressure repeatedly to minimize the risk of over-diagnosing in hypertension in children and adolescents. Using the average of three measurements in three visits is recommended, but drawing conclusions based on two measurements in two occasions have yielded sufficiently high specificity.

Influence of socioeconomic status on the association between low weight at birth and stunted growth or overweight in rural and urban Indonesian prepubertal children Madarina Julia; M. M. van Weissenbruch; H. A. Delemarre-van de Waal; Achmad Surjono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 48 No 4 (2008): July 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi48.4.2008.214-9

Background Low birth weight (LBW) has been associated with in-creased risk for both stunted growth andand overweight later in life.Objective To assess relative contribution of LBW on the preva-lence of stunted growth or overweight in rural and urban Indo-nesian children in Indonesia.Methods This is a cross-sectional survey of 2 833 (1125 rural and1708 urban) school-aged prepubertal children. Each child had dataon age, sex, stature, BMI (body mass index) and birth weight.Results Compared to the urban population, the prevalence ofstunted growth was significantly higher in the rural, i.e. 16.3 vs.32.7%, P<O.OOl. However, there was no significant difference iinn the prevalence of LBW in the two communities. While overall,stunted children were more likely to be born with LBW, OR 1.80(95%CI 1.31; 2.47), P<O.OOl. After stratifying data into rural andurban residences, the contribution of LBW on the risk of stuntedgrowth appeared to be only significant in the urban population, OR2.42 (95%CI 1.59; 3.68), P<O.OOl. In the rural, similar proportionsof LBW were found in stunted and not stunted children. Test of in-teraction showed that this difference in OR was significant, the ratioof OR 1.88 (95%CI 1.11; 3.17), P=0.02. We observed no associationbetween LBW and overweight.Conclusions In rural area, LBW is not an important contributorfor stunted growth, while in urbanarea LBW is an important riskfactor for stunted growth. As there is no significant difference inthe prevalence of LBW between the two communities, the dif-ference in the prevalence of stunted growth is more likely to beassociated with different pattern of post-natal growth

Association between obesity and lipid profile in children 10--12 years of age Ruqoyatul Himah; Endy P. Prawirohartono; Madarina Julia
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 48 No 5 (2008): September 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Worldwide prevalence of obesity in children hasbeen increasing. Together with dyslipidemia and hypertension,obesity is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular morbiditylater in life.Objective The aim of this study was to assess associationbetween obesity and occurrence of dyslipidemia in 10-12 yearsold children.Methods We performed a cross sectional study on 53 obese and53 non-obese children matched for age and gender in Yogyakarta.Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) at or above the95th percentile of the CDC 2000 reference. The levels of totalcholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceridewere measured. Dyslipidemia was defined as increased level oftotal cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and decreasedlevel of HDL-cholesterol.Results Obese children had higher risk of increased level oftriglyseride, i.e. RR 2.6 (95% CI 1.6 to 4.4), P<O.OOl anddecreased level ofHDL-cholesterol, i.e. RR 17.8 (95%CI 14.0 to20.1), P=0.003. Overall, relative risk for dyslipidemia in obesechildren was 5.2 (95%CI 4.2 to 5.9), P=0.002, higher than innon-obese children.Conclusion Compared to non-obese children, obese children havehigher risk of dyslipidemia, particularly hypertriglyceridemia andhypo-HDL.

Faktor sosiodemografi dan tinggi badan orang tua serta hubungannya dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-23 bulan Nur Afia Amin; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 2, NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Stunting is linear growth disturbance indicated by the value of the z-score of TB/U less than -2 SD. There are various factors associated with the incidence of stunting. Social demographics such as low income, low parental education and the number of members in the household, also indirectly related to the incidence of stunting. Parental height is also associated with the incidence of stunting. Short mothers have the possibility of having short baby. The results of the study in Egypt showed that children born from mothers with the height of <150 cm have a higher risk to be stunted.Objectives: To determine whether sociodemographic factors and parental height were risk factors for the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Sedayu Subdistrict, Bantul, Yogyakarta.Methods: The design used case-control study. The research was conducted in April-June 2014 in the Sedayu Subdistrict. Number of samples were 252 children aged 6-23 months. The instruments were a questionnaire to determine the identity of children, the identity of respondents, nutritional status, and sociodemographic data. Infantometer used to measure the length of the children body and microtoise to measure the height of parents. Bivariate analysis using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression test.Results: The prevalence of children stunting was 16.20%. Bivariate test showed that the height of mothers significantly associated with the incidence of stunting. Multivariate analysis showed that the most influential factors to the was maternal height, while variables of employment, education, income, expenditure, number of family members, and height of father did not show significant results.Conclusions: Maternal height were the risk factor for the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Sedayu Subdistrict, but sociodemographic were not.KEYWORDS: stunting, sociodemographic, parental heightABSTRAKLatar belakang: Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan linier yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai skor-z TB/U kurang dari -2SD. Terdapat berbagai macam faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Faktor sosial demografi , meliputi pendapatan yang rendah, pendidikan orang tua yang rendah, dan jumlah anggota dalam rumah tangga secara tidak langsung juga berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Tinggi badan orang tua juga berkaitan dengan kejadian stunting. Ibu yang pendek memiliki kemungkinan melahirkan bayi yang pendek pula. Hasil penelitian di Mesir menunjukkan bahwa anak yang lahir dari ibu dengan tinggi badan <150 cm memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk tumbuh menjadi stunting.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor sosiodemografi dan tinggi badan orang tua sebagai faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6–23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Bantul, Yogyakarta.Metode: Desain penelitian adalah case-control. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juni 2014 di Kecamatan Sedayu. Besar sampel yang diambil sebesar 252 balita usia 6-23 bulan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner untuk mengetahui identitas balita, identitas responden, status gizi balita, dan data sosiodemografi. Infantometer digunakan untuk mengukur panjang badan balita dan microtoise untuk mengukur tinggi badan orang tua. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik.Hasil : Dalam penelitian ini diketahui prevalensi kejadian stunting di Kecamatan Sedayu sebesar 16,20%. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel bebas yaitu tinggi badan ibu (p=0,01) menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting. Hasil uji multivariat membuktikan bahwa variabel yang paling berpengaruh dengan stunting yaitu tinggi badan ibu. Variabel pekerjaan, pendidikan, pendapatan dan pengeluaran, jumlah anggota keluarga, dan tinggi badan ayah tidak menunjukkan hasil yang bermakna terhadap kejadian stunting.Kesimpulan: Faktor sosioemografi bukan merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting, namun tinggi badan ibu merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Bantul,Yogyakarta.KATA KUNCI: stunting, sosiodemografi , tinggi badan orang tua

Pola konsumsi air, susu dan produk susu, serta minuman manis sebagai faktor risiko obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul Yayah Lakoro; Hamam Hadi; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 2, MEI 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Sweet drinks are suspected as the cause of the incidence of obesity in children. Unhealthy milk and milk product containing fat and high glucose can become one of risk factors of the incidence of obesity whereas water is healthy drink without calori that can help manage weight.Objective: To identify consumption pattern of drinks in obese children.Method: The study was a case control, involving obese elementary school children as cases and elementary school children with normal weight as control. Locations of the study were Yogyakarta Municipality and District of Bantul. Sampling method used probability proportional to size (PPS). There were 488 samples comprising 244 cases and 244 controls. Matching was made to the school of origin on condition that case and control students were at the same grade. Statistical test used McNemar and logistic regression to identify variables of risk factors. Result: There was difference in characteristics of gender between the two groups (p=0.03). Average amount of water and sweet drink consumption in obese children signiﬁ cantly differed from non obese children, subsequently 243.8 mL/ day (±2½ cup/day) and 397.3 mL/day (± 2 cup/day), whereas avarage amount of consumption of unhealthy milk and milk product in obese and non obese children showed no signiﬁ cant difference. The result of McNemar test showed that consumption of water and sweet drink was associated with the incidence of obesity in children at Yogyakarta Municipality and District of Bantul with score of OR 2.1 (95% CI:1.4–3.05) and OR 3.1 (95% CI: 2.1–4.5), whereas consumption of unhealthy milk and milk product showed no signiﬁ cant difference. The result of regression test showed that sweet drink was dominant risk factor of the incidence of obesity in children (R²= 0.071).Conclusion: Consumption of water and sweet drink was associated with the incidence of obesity in children. Consumption of sweet drink could affect consumption of water, whereby higher comsumption of sweet drink meant lower consumption of water. Nutrition education embedded in the curriculum could be used as an alternative of obesity prevention in children by changing or building healthy lifestyle. KEYWORDS: risk factors, obese children, consumption of water, consumption of sweet drinkABSTRAKLatar belakang: Minuman manis diduga kuat sebagai penyebab terjadinya obesitas pada anak. Susu dan produk susu yang tidak sehat yang mengandung lemak dan gula tinggi dapat menjadi salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya obesitas, sedangkan air putih merupakan minuman sehat tanpa kalori yang dapat membantu manajemen berat badan.Tujuan: Mengetahui pola konsumsi minuman pada anak obesitas.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kasus kontrol. Kasus adalah anak SD yang mengalami obesitas, kontrol adalah anak SD yang dengan berat badan normal. Lokasi penelitian di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode probability proportional to size (PPS). Jumlah sampel adalah 488 sampel terdiri dari 244 kasus dan 244 kontrol. Pada subyek penelitian dilakukan matching asal sekolah dengan ketentuan siswa kasus dan kontrol berasal dari kelas yang sama. Uji statistic McNemar dan regresi logistik dilakukan untuk mengidentiﬁ kasi variabel yang merupakan faktor risiko.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan karakteristik jenis kelamin antara kedua kelompok (p=0,03). Rata-rata jumlah konsumsi air putih dan minuman manis pada anak obes berbeda secara signiﬁ kan dibandingkan dengan anak tidak obes, berturut-turut adalah 243,8 mL/hari (±2½ gelas/hari) dan 397,3 mL/hari (± 2 gelas/hari), sedangkan rata-rata jumlah konsumsi susu dan produk susu tidak sehat pada anak obes dan tidak obes, tidak berbeda secara signiﬁkan. Uji Mc Nemar menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi air putih dan minuman manis berhubungan dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul dengan nilai OR 2,1 (95% CI:1,4–3,05) dan OR 3,1 (95% CI: 2,1–4,5), sedangkan pada konsumsi susu dan produk susu tidak sehat tidak berbeda secara signiﬁ kan. Uji regresi menunjukkan bahwa minuman manis merupakan faktor risiko dominan terhadap kejadian obesitas pada anak (R²= 0,071).Kesimpulan: Konsumsi air putih dan minuman manis berhubungan dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak bahwa konsumsi minuman manis dapat mempengaruhi konsumsi air putih. Semakin tinggi konsumsi minuman manis, maka konsumsi air putih akan semakin rendah. Pendidikan gizi yang dimasukkan dalam kurikulum sekolah dapat dijadikan alternatif pencegahan obesitas pada anak dengan cara mengubah atau membentuk gaya hidup sehat.KATA KUNCI : faktor risiko, obesitas anak, konsumsi minuman, minuman manis

Paparan iklan junk food dan pola konsumsi junk food sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar kota dan desa di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Esti Nurwanti; Hamam Hadi; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 2, MEI 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Increasing prevalence of obesity may be caused by junk food advertised while children are watching television.Preference for foods requested by the children is much inﬂ uenced by junk food advertisement, so that it can affect calori intakeand correlates with obesity. Obesity in children can cause obesity during adulthood and may increase the risk of degenerativedisease, like diabetes and cardiovascular.Objective: To analyze the level of risk exposure to junk food advertising and junk food consumption on the incidence of obesityin primary school children in elementary school children at the area of Yogyakarta Municipality and District of Bantul.Method: This study was an observational study with case-control design. The study population was elementary school childrenin the City of Yogyakarta and Bantul Regency. Cases were elementary school children who were obese, while the controlswere children who were not obese and sat closest the cases regardless of age and sex. Number of subjects for each groupwere 244 (1:1). Obesity was deﬁ ned as BMI / U>95th percentile curves NCHS/CDC. Sampling to ﬁ nd obesity with probabilityproportional to size (PPS) and sampling for cases and controls using random sampling techniques. Univariate analysis ofthe data using frequency distributions, bivariate analysis using Chi-square, and multivariate analysis using multiple logisticregression. Data were analyzed using STATA 11 program with a 95% signiﬁ cance level and nutrisurvey.Result: Bivariate analysis using Chi Square shows the variables that inﬂ uence the incidence of obesity, such as junkfood ads exposure (OR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.17-2.48, and p=0.004), junk food energy intake (OR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.08-2.32and p=0.01), intake of saturated fat junk food (OR=1.74, 95%CI: 1.18-2.56 and p=0.004), sodium intake of junk food(OR=1.83, 95%CI: 1.25-2.69 and p=0.001) and sex (OR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.40-0.85 and p= 0.0035). Multivariate analysiswith logistic regression showed that the variables affect obesity is junk food ads exposure (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.13-2.36and p <0.05) and sex (OR=0.62, 95% CI:0.43-0.91 and p<0.05).Conclusion : Exposure to junk food advertising can increase the risk of obesity.KEYWORDS: obesity, ads, junk food, energy, saturated fat, natrium, sucroseABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Peningkatan prevalensi obesitas dapat disebabkan oleh iklan makanan junk food ketika anak menontontelevisi. Pemilihan makanan yang diinginkan oleh anak banyak dipengaruhi oleh iklan tersebut, sehingga mempengaruhiasupan kalori dan berkorelasi dengan obseitas. Obesitas pada anak dapat menyebabkan obesitas saat dewasa dandapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit degeneratif, seperti diabetes dan kardiovaskuler.Tujuan: Untuk mengukur tingkat risiko paparan iklan junk food dan konsumsi junk food terhadap kejadian obesitaspada anak SD di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan kasus-kontrol. Populasi penelitian adalah anak SD di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul. Kelompok kasus adalah anak yang mengalami obesitas,sedangkan kelompok kontrol adalah teman sekelas yang tidak mengalami obesitas dan duduk paling dekat di sebelahkanan kasus tanpa melihat umur dan jenis kelaminnya Jumlah subjek untuk masing-masing kelompok sebesar 244(1:1). Obesitas dideﬁ nisikan dengan IMT/U>persentil 95th kurva NCHS/CDC. Pengambilan sampel untuk menemukanobesitas dengan probability proportional to size (PPS) dan pengambilan sampel untuk kasus dan kontrol menggunakanteknik random sampling. Analisis univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, analisis bivariat menggunakan Chi-square,dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan program STATA 11 dengantingkat kemaknaan 95% dan nutrisurvey.Hasil: Analisis bivariat dengan Chi-square menunjukkan variabel yang berpengaruh dengan kejadian obesitas, di antaranyapaparan iklan junk food (OR=1,70, 95%CI:1,17-2,48, dan p=0,004), asupan energi junk food (OR= 1,58, 95%CI:1,08-2,32dan p=0,01), asupan lemak jenuh junk food (OR=1,74 95%CI 1,18-2,56 dan p=0,004), asupan natrium junk food (OR=1,83,95%CI:1,25-2,69 dan p=0,001) serta jenis kelamin (OR= 0,58, 95%CI:0,40-0,85 dan p= 0,0035). Hasil analisis multivariatdengan regresi logistik memperlihatkan variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap obesitas adalah paparan iklan junk food (OR=1,63,95%CI:1,13-2,36 dan nilai p <0,05) dan jenis kelamin (OR=0,62, 95%CI:0,43-0,91 dan p<0,05).Kesimpulan: Paparan iklan junk food dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya obesitas.KATA KUNCI: obesitas, iklan, junk food, energi, lemak jenuh, natrium, sukrosa

Pola menonton televisi sebagai faktor risiko obesitas pada anak di sekolah dasar Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul Dewi Astiti; Hamam Hadi; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 2, MEI 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Obesity in Indonesian school children is increasing dramatically especially in the cities. Whether TV viewing has an important role to the increased obesity prevalence Indonesia is still unclear. Objective: To examine TV viewing as a risk factor of obesity in Indonesian elementary school children.Method: A case-control study of 244 obese and 244 non obese children was conducted in Yogyakarta municipality in 2012. Cases were elementary school children with BMI/Age >95 percentile identiﬁ ed in previous survey. Controls were children from the same class and seating at the right side nearest to the cases. Weight of the children was measured using a calibrated digital weighing scale (SECA) with precision of 0.1 kg, while standing height was measured using a microtoice with precision of 0.1 cm by trained nutritionists. Data on TV viewing were collected using one-week physical activity recall questionnaires. BMI of the study subjects were computed using WHO Anthro2005 software. Statistical analysis was done using STATA 11th edition software.Result: Children with TV viewing ≥2 hours/day were 3 (OR=3.3, 95%CI: 2.2-4.8) times more likely to be obese than children with TV viewing <2 hours/day. Parental regulation of tv viewing was associated with child’s TV viewing duration.Conclusion: Duration of TV viewing was signiﬁ cantly associated with the increased risk of obesity in elementary school children. The existence of parental regulation would help to reduce TV viewing duration leading to the reduction of obesity prevalence in school children.KEYWORDS: obesity, elementary school children, TV viewingABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Obesitas pada anak-anak sekolah Indonesia meningkat sangat drastis terutama di kota-kota. Apakah menonton TV memiliki peran penting terhadap peningkatan prevalensi obesitas Indonesia masih belum jelas.Tujuan: Untuk menguji menonton TV sebagai faktor risiko obesitas pada anak-anak sekolah dasar di Indonesia.Metode: Sebuah studi kasus-kontrol dari 244 obesitas dan 244 anak non obesitas dilakukan di Kota Yogyakarta pada tahun 2012. Kasus adalah anak-anak SD dengan BMI/Umur >persentil ke-95 diidentiﬁ kasi dalam survei sebelumnya. Kontrol adalah anak-anak dari kelas yang sama dan duduk di sisi kanan terdekat dengan kasus. Berat anak-anak diukur dengan menggunakan timbangan digital (SECA) yang telah dikalibrasi dengan presisi 0,1 kg, sedangkan tinggi berdiri diukur dengan menggunakan microtoice dengan presisi 0,1 cm oleh ahli gizi terlatih. Data menonton TV dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner aktivitas ﬁ sik selama satu minggu. BMI dari subjek penelitian dihitung dengan menggunakan software WHO Anthro 2005. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak STATA edisi 11.Hasil: Anak-anak yang menonton TV ≥ 2 jam / hari cenderung 3 (OR = 3,3, 95% CI: 2,2-4,8) kali lebih gemuk daripada anak-anak dengan menonton TV <2 jam/hari. Peraturan orangtua menonton TV dikaitkan dengan durasi menonton TV anakKesimpulan: Durasi menonton TV secara bermakna dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko obesitas pada anak-anak sekolah dasar. Adanya peraturan orangtua akan membantu mengurangi durasi menonton TV yang mengarah ke pengurangan prevalensi obesitas pada anak-anak sekolah.KATA KUNCI: obesitas, anak-anak SD, menonton TV

Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Achmad Surjono Adhila Fayasari Agustini Utari Ahmad Husain Asdie Ahmad Husain Asdie Ahmad Husain Asdie Ahmad Husain Asdie Almira Sitasari Aman B Pulungan Andi Imam Arundhana Ari Tri Astuti, Ari Tri Arief Priambodo Astuti, Lucia Mawarti Dwi Attika A. Andarie Basuki, Siswanto Betaditya, Dika Burhan, Fatimah Zahra Cerdasari, Carissa Dewi Astiti Diadra Annisa Dio Biade Djaswadi Dasuki Djauhar Ismail Ekawaty L. Haksari Emy Huriyati Endang Baliarti Endy P. Prawirohartono Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono, Endy Paryanto Eni Harmayani Esti Nurwanti Farida Wahyu Ningtyas Farida Wahyu Ningtyas Farida Wahyu Ningtyias, Farida Wahyu Fitri Haryanti Frida Soesanti Gunawan, I Made Alit H. A. Delemarre-van de Waal HA Delemarrevan de Waal Hamam Hadi Hamam Hadi Handayani Handayani Harry Freitag Luglio Muhammad Helmyati, Siti Hendratini, Julita Hizni, Alina I Made Alit Gunawan I Wayan Bikin ika agustina Indria Laksmi Gamayanti Indria Laksmi Gamayanti Irma Yunawati Joko Susilo Jufrrie, Muhammad Junaidi Junaidi Jurianto Gambir Kandarina, Bernadette Josephine Istiti Khaerul Anwar Kunayarti, Wahyuni Kurnia Febriana Laksono Trisnantoro Lamana, Aspia Legawati Legawati, Legawati Lely Lusmilasari, Lely Lisma Evareny, Mohammad Hakimi, Retna Siwi Padmawati M M van Weissenburch M. M. van Weissenbruch Mohammad Hakimi Muchtar, Mohammad Mursyid, Abidillah Neti Nurani Niken Pritayati Nina Lestari Nisa, Fatma Zuhrotun Noormanto Noormanto, Noormanto Nugroho, Akmad Kharis Nur Afia Amin Nurliyani Nurul Hadi, Nurul Nuryanti Nuryanti Pangesti, Neni Paulinus Deny Krisnanto Purnama, Ni Luh Agustini Putra, Irwansyah R. Dwi Budiningsari Rahayu, Endah Sri Rahmawati, Rahmawati Ramadhaniah, Ramadhaniah Ramli, Nurlaili Retno Sutomo Rianti Puji Lestari Rina Susilowati Riris Andono Ahmad Roni Naning Ronny Martien Ruqoyatul Himah S. Yudha Patria Santi Gunarwati Setya Wandita Shelly Puspa Anggraini Shinta Prawitasari Shoim, Mohammad Siti Nurfadilah H Slamet Rohaedi, Slamet Soeroyo Machfudz, Soeroyo Soi, Beatrix Solly Aryza Sri Mulyati Sri Sugiharti Sri Wahyuni Subardjo, Yovita Puri Sulistyaningrum, Elisa Sunartini Sunartini, Sunartini Susetyowati Tarigan, Noviani Titih Huriah Titih Huriah Toto Sudargo Tunjung Wibowo Tuti Nuraini Tuti Nuraini Winda Irwanti, Winda Winda Nurmayani M Yayah Lakoro Yayi Suryo Prabandari Zulfayeni, Zulfayeni

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