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Suriati Eka Putri
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Journal : Science and Technology Indonesia

 1 
Synthesis of NiO Nanoparticles as a Catalyst in Transesterification Reaction from Used Cooking Oil for Biodiesel Production Hasri; Putri, Suriati Eka; Negara, Satria Putra Jaya; Afni, Nur; Anwar, Fadil
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.280-287

Abstract

This study aims to synthesize and characterize nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from used cooking oil through transesterification. The synthesis was conducted using the sol-gel method with NiCl2·6H2O as a precursor and NaOH as an alkaline agent. Characterizations were then performed using Particle Size Analysis (PSA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Specific Surface Area (SAA) analysis. The PSA results showed that the samples had an average particle size of 37.0 nm with a narrow distribution (PDI = 0.010). XRD confirmed a cubic crystal structure corresponding to JCPDS No. 47-1049, while SEM images showed revealed uniform spherical morphology. In addition, EDS analysis verified the composition of Ni and O as the main elements. The SAA of 489.26 m2/g showed high catalytic activity potential. Catalyst performance tests with methanol-to-oil molar ratios of 1:3, 1:6, and 1:9 showed the highest biodiesel yield of 97.79% at a 1:9 ratio. The produced biodiesel met the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7182:2015) with a density of 0.86–0.89 g/mL, acid number of 0.40–0.50 mg KOH/g, iodine number of 67.73–93.13 g I2/100 g, and cetane number of 76.87–114.86. GC-MS analysis showed methyl ester chains between C15–C21, confirming compliance with APEC standards. Based on these results, NiO nanoparticles showed high efficiency as an eco-friendly heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production.
Co-Authors A. Irma Suryani Abd Rahman Abd. Rahman Abd. Rahman Abd. Rahman Abdul Karim Abdul Rahman Achmad Fudhail Ahmad Fudhail  Majid Ahyar Ahmad Alimin Alimin Alimin Alimin Alimin Andi Erwin Eka Putra Andi Indra Wulan Sari Ramadani Angriyani Ahmad Anita Anita Anwar, Fadil Arfah, Rugaiyah Andi Astri Wiyani GM Astriana Dewi Aulia, Mega Putri Bunyamin, Andi Bulqiah Nur daya, Nurhidaya Dewi Rahmadani Dewiyanti Fadly Diana Eka Pratiwi Diana Eka Pratiwi Diana Eka Pratiwi Diana Eka Pratiwi Dipo Ade Putra Iskandar Ganing, Melani Hapzi Ali Hardin hardin hardin Harningsih Karim Hartati Hartati Hartati, Hartati Hasnah Natsir Hasri Hasri Hasri Hasri Hasri Hasri Umas Ilyas, Nita Magfirah Ilyas, Nita Maghfirah Irfandi, Rizal Isna Sejati Sam Juintan Pratiwi Jusniar Magfirah Ilyas, Nita Marlina Ummas Genisa Maryono Maryono Maryono, Maryono Maryono Mazaya, Maulida Miftahul Jannah Mohammad WIJAYA Mohammad wijaya Mohammad Wijaya Muhammad Danial Muhammad Iskandar Musa Muhammad Iskandar Musa Muhammad Syahrir Muhammad Taufiq Munawwarah Munawwarah Munawwarah, Munawwarah Mutahharah Hasyim, Mutahharah Negara, Satria Putra Jaya Netti Herawati Nilasari, Nilasari Nita Magfirah Ilyas Nita Magfirah Ilyas Nur Afni Nur Riska Nurfadilah Adam Nursafitri Nursafitri Paulina Taba Pince Salempa Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto Rahim, Mega Putri Aulia Ramadani, Ananda Ramdani Ramdani Ramdani Ramdani Ria, Tiara Anugrah Riksfardini Annisa ERMAWAR Rini Perdana Rismawati Rismawati Rosmala Rauf Sarlan, Sarlan SITI HALIMAH LAREKENG, SITI HALIMAH Sitti Faika Sri Diana Sudding Suleman, Annisa Inayah Sumiati Side Sumiati Side Sumiati Side Sumiati Side Syafaatullah, Achmad Qodim Syamsidah Wijaya, Khalida Yunanda FR Yunanda Yunanda Zakinah, Ilmiati Zubair, Sakinah