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All Journal Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan bionature Prosiding Seminar Biologi PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Jurnal Dinamika Pengabdian (JDP) Indonesia Chimica Acta Emerging Science Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Communications in Science and Technology Jurnal Ilmu Alam dan Lingkungan SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Scripta Biologica Fullerene Journal of Chemistry Indobiosains Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia
Ahyar Ahmad
Universitas Hasanuddin
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Optimasi Pertumbuhan Bakteri Laut Penghasil Protease Menggunakan Variasi Konsentrasi Media Skim Milk Modifikasi Anita, Anita; Natsir, Hasnah; Ahmad, Ahyar; Taba, Paulina; Karim, Harningsih
Indobiosains 2025: Volume 7 Nomor 1 Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31851/indobiosains.v7i1.17822

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the growth rate of marine bacteria producing protease using variations in the concentration of skim milk media and to observe the relationship between cell growth and enzyme activity. The study was conducted using three concentrations of skim milk media (1%, 2%, and 3%) and observation of growth and enzyme activity for 108 hours. The results showed that 1% skim milk concentration produced the largest proteolytic zone diameter (13.8 mm) with the fastest growth (1 day). Observations of cell growth patterns and enzyme activity showed that the highest enzyme activity (0.5933 U/mL) occurred in the early growth phase and decreased in subsequent phases even though cell growth increased. This indicates that there is no linear relationship between cell growth and enzyme activity in marine bacteria-producing protease, where enzyme production and activity are influenced by various complex factors such as physiological conditions of the cells and nutrient availability.
The Toxicity and Cytotoxicity Test of Anticancer Peptides Isolated from Symbiotic Bacteria Asmi, Nur; Ahmad, Ahyar; Natsir, Hasnah; Karim, Harningsih; Muhakim, Ali; Khairunnur, Siti
Jurnal Akta Kimia Indonesia (Indonesia Chimica Acta) Volume 18, No 1: June 2025
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70561/ica.v18i1.43925

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the toxicity and cytotoxicity of the fragment peptide from symbiotic bacteria in the lung cancer LK-2 cell line, compared normal M5S cell line. Protein hydrolyzates were separated using Molecular Weight Cut Off (MWCO) to isolate peptide fragments. Fragments were categorized as ≤ 5 kDa, > 5-10 kDa, and > 10 kDa to evaluate their toxicity through the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method and to study cytotoxicity effects and proliferation in LK-2 lung cancer cells against normal M5S cells. MTT assay was used to analyze the percentage of living cells and cell growth. The Selectivity Index (SI) equation was applied to determine selectivity. Findings indicated that the peptide fragment ≤ 5 kDa had the highest toxicity, with an LC50 of 8.15 µg/ml. The number of LK-2 cells that died increased when exposed to peptide fragments of sizes ≤ 5 kDa, > 5-10 kDa, and > 10 kDa over 16 hours. Moreover, cell growth in LK-2 cells decreased after 16 hours, while there was no significant decline (P < 0.05) in M5S cells compared to the controls. The peptide fragments with molecular weights ≤ 5 kDa and > 5-10 kDa demonstrated the highest selectivity, resulting in an SI value of 3. These results suggest that the selected peptide fragments may serve effectively as anticancer agents. This study highlights the potential of peptides from symbiotic bacteria as possible treatments for cancer, particularly lung cancer.
A Review: Application of Bioremediation and Phytoremediation Techniques for Heavy Metal Contamination in Mining Areas of Sulawesi, Indonesia Azis, Fitria; Nurfadini, Nurfadini; Ahmad, Ahyar; Febryanti, Amalyah; Sappewali, Sappewali; Ardita R, Dian Fitrah; Asmi, Nur; Karim, Harningsih
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 23, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.23.5.1423-1440

Abstract

Mining has been a practice spanning millennia, leaving behind a legacy of mine waste containing hazardous substances, including various metals in nearly every country. Indonesia is one of the most nickel-rich regions in the world. Some of these resources are located in the Sulawesi and North Maluku regions. Sulawesi includes Central Sulawesi, South Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi. Pollutants in the form of mercury metal (Hg), lead metal (Pb), cadmium metal (Cd), and chromium metal (Cr) are considered toxic and difficult to remove due to their stable nature. Effective remediation methods are imperative in response to this issue, among which bioremediation and phytoremediation stand out. Bioremediation employs microorganisms to detoxify the environment of heavy metals, while phytoremediation utilizes plants for the same purpose. Both methods involve intricate interactions among plants, microbes, and their substrates to purify the environment and facilitate further filtration. Bioremediation encompasses two primary approaches: the in-situ method and the ex-situ method. In situ methods include bioventing, biosparging, bioaugmentation, and biostimulation. Ex-situ methods, contaminated soil or water is retrieved from its origin and purified elsewhere by living organisms; this process utilizes bioreactors, aeration, steam regulation, and additional nutrients to increase the rate of pollutant decomposition. The bioremediation mechanism involving microorganisms employs biosorption, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and bioleaching. Phytoremediation employs several methods, including phytoextraction, phytofiltration, phytovolatilization, phytodegradation, and phytodesalination. Identifying efficient hyperaccumulators is the most direct approach for successful heavy metal phytoremediation. Bioremediation and phytoremediation techniques are economical and suitable solutions to address heavy metal pollution in polluted environments. With a deeper understanding of these techniques, it is hoped that we can more effectively address these complex environmental challenges, particularly in mining areas in Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Agarose-Based Antibacterial Films from Gracilaria sp.: Isolation, Characterization, and Metal Nanoparticle Incorporation Ahmad, Ahyar; Zainuddin, Rahmaniah; Saksono, Budi; Anita, Sita Heris; Zulfiana, Deni; Ermawar, Riksfardini A.; Arfah, Rugaiyah; Natsir, Hasnah; Karim, Harningsih; Irmawati; Ramli, Siti R.; Karim, Abdul
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-05-03

Abstract

The incorporated metal nanoparticles in a polysaccharide-based film exhibit efficient antibacterial activity against harmful germs. However, previous studies have used a commercial polysaccharide for their film production. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a natural polysaccharide-based film extracted from the local algae Gracilaria sp. originating from Sinjai Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Firstly, the polysaccharide agarose was isolated and its properties compared with those of commercial agarose. A present low-cost isolation process produces agarose with 1.8% (w/w) of yield. Results also showed physicochemical properties similar to those of the commercial agarose. Secondly, the agarose-based antibacterial film was synthesized at 0, 0.5, and 1% glycerol concentrations. The synthesized film was incorporated with silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs). Morphological, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of the incorporated Ag-agarose and Cu-agarose films were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Universal Testing Machine (UTM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. Results showed the film stiffness and tensile strength increased by incorporating either AgNPs or CuNPS. The interaction of AgNPs-agarose most likely involves physical bonds, while the interaction of CuNPs-agarose forms coordination bonds. An antibacterial test showed that the Ag-agarose nanocomposite inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Bacillus subtilis. In the meantime, Cu-agarose prevented the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Overall, antibacterial activity was influenced by the interaction between metal nanoparticles and agarose, the concentration of metal nanoparticles, and the film's solubility. An agarose-based antibacterial film from Gracilaria sp. has the potential for use in various applications, including food packaging, pharmaceuticals, and other industries.
PEMANFAATAN BIOAKTIVATOR MIKROBAT UNTUK MENDUKUNG PRODUKSI PADI ORGANIK Kuswinanti, Tutik; Patandjengi, Baharuddin; Ahmad, Ahyar; Brugman, Irene; Nurmujahidin, Nurmujahidin
Jurnal Dinamika Pengabdian Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENGABDIAN VOL. 11 NO. 2 JANUARI 2026
Publisher : Departemen Budidaya Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian UNHAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/jdp.v11i2.47575

Abstract

Program Pengembangan Usaha Produk Intelektual Kampus (PPUPIK) dengan tema "Pemanfaatan Bioaktivator Mikrobat untuk Mendukung Produksi Padi Organik" dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Tompobulu, Kabupaten Maros, Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan Mei-Desember 2025.Program ini bertujuan mengembangkan teknologi bioaktivator berbasis konsorsium lima mikroba unggul sebagai alternatif ramah lingkungan dalam sistem pertanian padi organik. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi kegiatan penyuluhan kepada 30 peserta kelompok tani, demonstration plot seluas 2 hektar dengan desain split plot, produksi bioaktivator menggunakan bioreaktor 1.000 liter, dan evaluasi pertumbuhan serta produktivitas tanaman. Bioaktivator Mikrobat mengandung bakteri penambat nitrogen (2,25 × 10⁹ cfu/ml), pelarut fosfat (5,47 × 10⁷ cfu/ml), penghasil zat pengatur tumbuh (4,67 × 10⁷ cfu/ml), pengendali hayati (3,25 × 10⁷ cfu/ml), dan pendegradasi selulosa (2,51 × 10⁴ cfu/ml). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi Mikrobat meningkatkan produktivitas padi dari 5,6 ton/ha (kontrol) menjadi 7,68 ton/ha atau meningkat 37,1%. Selain peningkatan produktivitas, aplikasi Mikrobat juga menunjukkan efektivitas tinggi dalam pengendalian biologis dengan menurunkan intensitas serangan penyakit busuk bulir terlihat pada kontrol 11,25% serangan dan pada perlakuan hanya 3,75% serangan. Berdasarkan aspek ekonomi terdapat penghematan biaya produksi, sekaligus dapat meningkatkan pendapatan. Program ini berhasil menciptakan model bisnis berkelanjutan dengan respon positif petani untuk adopsi teknologi. Teknologi bioaktivator Mikrobat terbukti efektif meningkatkan produktivitas padi organik, mengurangi ketergantungan pada input kimia sintetis, dan mendukung keberlanjutan ekonomi petani.    Kata kunci: berkelanjutan, konsorsium, bakteri, padi organik, PPUPIK, produktivitas.   ABSTRACT The Campus Intellectual Product Business Development Program (PPUPIK) with the theme "Utilization of Mikrobat Bioactivator to Support Organic Rice Production" was carried out in Tompobulu Subdistrict, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, from May to December 2025. This program aims to develop a bioactivator technology based on a consortium of five superior microbes as an environmentally friendly alternative in organic rice farming systems. The implementation methods included counseling activities for 30 farmer group participants, a two-hectare demonstration plot with a split plot design, bioactivator production using a 1,000-liter bioreactor, and evaluation of plant growth and productivity. Mikrobat Bioactivator contains nitrogen-fixing bacteria (2.25 × 10⁹ CFU/mL), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (5.47 × 10⁷ CFU/mL), growth regulator-producing microorganisms (4.67 × 10⁷ CFU/mL), biocontrol agents (3.25 × 10⁷ CFU/mL), and cellulose-degrading bacteria (2.51 × 10⁴ CFU/mL). Research results showed that the application of Mikrobat increased rice productivity from 5.6 tons/ha (control) to 7.68 tons/ha, an increase of 37.1%. In addition to increased productivity, the application of Mikrobat also demonstrated high effectiveness in biological control by reducing the intensity of grain rot disease attacks, as seen in the control group with 11.25% incidence and only 3.75% incidence in the treatment group. From an economic perspective, this can reduce production costs while simultaneously increasing income. This program successfully created a sustainable business model, garnering a positive response from farmers regarding the adoption of technology. Mikrobat bioactivator technology has proven effective in increasing organic rice productivity, reducing dependence on synthetic chemical inputs, and supporting the economic sustainability of farmers. Keywords: Sustainable, consortium, bacteria, organic rice, PPUPIK, productivity.
Edukasi pemanfaatan limbah cangkang rajungan menjadi pengawet alami pada kelompok nelayan "Mappedeceng" Hasnah Natsir; Rugaiyah A. Arfah; Muh. Yusri Karim; Indah Raya; Ahyar Ahmad; Muhammad Zakir; Muhammad Nadir; Riska Mardiyanti; Herlina Rasyid; Andi Evi Erviani; Fitria Aziz; Anita Anita; Wahyudin Rauf; Gita Gita; Husnul Khotimah; Muh. Nur Alam
SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Vol 9, No 5 (2025): September
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jpmb.v9i5.34094

Abstract

Abstrak Limbah cangkang rajungan yang mencapai 40-60% dari total bobot rajungan selama ini hanya dibuang ke lingkungan sehingga menimbulkan pencemaran di daerah pesisir. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi dan pelatihan kepada kelompok nelayan "Mappedeceng" di Desa Lasitae, Kecamatan Tanete Rilau, Kabupaten Barru tentang pemanfaatan limbah cangkang rajungan menjadi kitosan sebagai pengawet alami. Metode pelaksanaan terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan (penyuluhan, pelatihan teknologi pengolahan, dan praktik langsung), serta evaluasi melalui pre-post test. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada 9 Agustus 2025 dengan melibatkan 40 peserta. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta sebesar 38,75% berdasarkan perbandingan skor pre-test (rata-rata 10,575) dan post-test (rata-rata 18,325). Kegiatan praktik pembuatan pengawet alami menunjukkan antusiasme tinggi dari peserta, dengan mayoritas merasa percaya diri menerapkan teknologi ini di rumah. Kitosan yang dihasilkan terbukti dapat memperpanjang masa simpan produk perikanan hingga 2-3 kali lipat dan memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi sekitar Rp 75.000-100.000 per kilogram. Program ini berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran nelayan tentang pentingnya ekonomi sirkular dalam perikanan dan memberikan solusi berkelanjutan untuk mengatasi masalah limbah cangkang rajungan sekaligus menciptakan peluang ekonomi baru bagi masyarakat pesisir. Kata kunci: limbah cangkang rajungan; kitosan; pengawet alami; pemberdayaan nelayan; teknologi pengolahan limbah. Abstract Crab shell waste, which accounts for 40-60% of the total weight of crabs, is often dumped into the environment, causing pollution in coastal areas. This community service activity aims to provide education and training to the "Mappedeceng" fishing group in Lasitae Village, Tanete Rilau District, Barru Regency, on the utilization of crab shell waste into chitosan as a natural preservative. The implementation method consists of three stages: preparation, implementation (counseling, processing technology training, and direct practice), and evaluation through a pre-post test. The activity was carried out on August 9, 2025, involving 40 participants. The evaluation results showed an increase in participant knowledge of 38.75% based on a comparison of pre-test scores (average 10.575) and post-test (average 18.325). The practical activity of making natural preservatives showed high enthusiasm from the participants, with the majority feeling confident in applying this technology at home. The resulting chitosan has been proven to extend the shelf life of fishery products by two to three times and has a high economic value of around IDR 75,000-100,000 per kilogram. This program has successfully raised awareness among fishermen about the importance of a circular economy in fisheries and provided a sustainable solution to address the problem of crab shell waste while creating new economic opportunities for coastal communities. Keywords: crab shell waste; chitosan; natural preservative; fishermen empowerment; waste processing technology.
Antihistamine Potential of Red Alga Acanthophora spicifera Through Combination In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico Study Wahyuni, Ilmi; Soekamto, Nunuk Hariani; Rasyid, Herlina; Annisa, Nurul; Adriana, Risda; Putri, Alifiah Alfaniah Alfattah; Basir, Djabal Nur; Ahmad, Ahyar; Fauziah, St.; Irfandi, Rizal
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 26, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.109199

Abstract

Red alga Acanthophora spicifera is a marine species with potential as a source of natural antihistamines. This study evaluated the bioactivity of its secondary metabolites through in vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches. Extracts were obtained by successive maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. In vivo testing on BALB/c mice showed that extract administration did not cause significant weight loss. However, its effect on allergic symptoms was significant (p < 0.05), with the methanol extract identified as the most effective by the Mann–Whitney test. In vitro assays revealed a significant reduction in histamine levels (p < 0.05) during sensitization, treatment, and post-challenge phases, particularly in the methanol extract group. In silico docking demonstrated that two compounds from the methanol extract exhibited strong binding affinity to the H1 receptor (PDB ID: 3RZE), with binding energies of −6.27 and −5.06 kcal/mol. These findings suggest that A. spicifera, particularly its methanol extract, is a promising source of natural antihistamines with potential applications in the development of safer allergy treatments.
Synthesis and Characterization of MnO2 Nanoparticle Composite and Palm Kernel Shell-Based Activated Carbon as Supercapacitor Electrode Candidates Arif, Ainun Rezkiva; Zakir, Muhammad; Ahmad, Ahyar; Raya, Indah; Taba, Paulina; Rasyid, Herlina
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 26, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.110797

Abstract

Palm kernel shells (PKS) are a biomass waste rich in carbon and low in ash content, making them suitable for conversion into supercapacitor electrode materials that support the principles of the blue economy and green technology. This study presents a novel synthesis approach for supercapacitor electrode materials by combining activated carbon derived from hydrothermally carbonized PKS biomass waste (AC-PKS) with MnO2 nanoparticles. Carbon activation in this study was carried out using chemical and physical activation approaches to produce a microporous structure with a high surface area. The AC-PKS/MnO2 composite was then synthesized through a redox reaction deposition using KMnO4 to create materials that exhibit potential properties between double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitive behavior. Electrochemical testing with CV and GCD showed an increase in the specific capacitance of the AC-PKS/MnO2 composite of 67.85 and 46.91 F/g, respectively. These findings indicate the scientific contribution of combining biomass-derived activated carbon with metal oxides as a potential supercapacitor electrode. The implications of these results suggest that AC-PKS/MnO2 not only offers a sustainable material solution but also opens up opportunities for the development of high-capacity supercapacitor electrodes for future energy storage applications, particularly in renewable energy and environmentally friendly technologies.
Co-Authors Abdul Karim Abdul Rauf Patong Abubakar, Andi Nur Fitriani Ade Rifka Junita Adriana, Risda Ahmad Fudhail  Majid Ajuk Sapar Alfian Noor Ali Muhakim Andi Erwin Eka Putra Andi Evi Erviani Anita Anita Anita Anita Ardita R, Dian Fitrah Arfah, Rugaiyah Arfah, Rugaiyah A. Arfah, Rugaiyah Andi Arfiani Nur Arif, Ainun Rezkiva Aslinda, Wery Asmuddin Nasir Asmuddin Natsir Azis, Fitria Baharuddin Patandjengi Brugman, Irene BUDI SAKSONO Burhanuddin Bahar Burhanuddinnur, Muhammad Cut Muthiadin Deni Zulfiana Djabal Nur Basir dwyana, Zarsawaty Ermawar, Riksfardini A. Eva Johannes Fadliah, Fadliah Febryanti, Amalyah Firdaus Firdaus Firdaus Hamid Fitria Aziz Gita Gita Hafsan, Hafsan Hanapi Usman Harningsih Karim Harningsih Karim Hasnah Natsir Hasnah Natsir Herlina Rasyid Husnul Khotimah Indah Raya Indah Raya Irfandi, Rizal Irmawati Isna Rasdianah Aziz Kasturiasih, Ni Putu Khairunnur, Siti Laily Agustina Laily Agustina, Laily M. Sabir Maming Gaffar, Maming Mashuri Masri Maslan, Muhammad Maswati Baharuddin Miftahul Jannah Mochammad Hatta Muh. Nur Alam Muh. Yusri Karim Muhammad Nadir Muhammad Reza Primaguna Muhammad Zakir Muhammad Zakir Munadi, Rachmin Negara, Satria Putra Jaya Nunuk H. Soekamto Nunuk Hariani Soekamto Nur Asmi Nur Indah Purnamasari Nur Umriani Nurfadini, Nurfadini Nurhikmah Nurhikmah Nurjannah Nurjannah Nurmujahidin, Nurmujahidin NURUL ANNISA Paulina Taba Putri, Alifiah Alfaniah Alfattah Putri, Tri Widayati Ramadani, Ananda Ramli, Siti R. Rasyid, Herlina Ressy Dwiyanti Ridwan, Irham Pratama Riksfardini Annisa ERMAWAR Risdianto, I Wayan Riska Mardiyanti Rosdiana Natzir Rugaiyah A. Arfah Sappewali, Sappewali Sarlan, Sarlan Sita Heris Anita SITI HALIMAH LAREKENG, SITI HALIMAH Sri Wahyuni St. Fauziah Sukmawaty, Eka Sulistiani Jarre Suriati Eka Putri Syamsurya, Syamsurya Tutik Kuswinanti USMAN - Usman Usman Wahyudin Rauf Wahyuni, Ilmi Yasser, M Yuniar Harviyanti Yunita, Vivi Alfi Yusafir Hala Zainuddin, Rahmaniah