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Enhancing Meaningful Participation in the Law-Making Process in Indonesia: A Comparative Review Antari, Putu Eva Ditayani; Fadli, Moh.; Negara, Tunggul Anshari Setia; Susmayanti, Riana; Putri, Luh Putu Yeyen Karista
International Journal of Law Reconstruction Vol 9, No 1 (2025): International Journal of Law Reconstruction
Publisher : UNISSULA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/ijlr.v9i1.38535

Abstract

Public participation in forming laws shows variations in their application in Indonesia, the United States and the Netherlands. To find out about the urgency and implementation of public participation in the formation of laws and regulations, normative legal research is carried out based on the legal materials that have been collected. The legal material used is primary legal material related to statutory regulations governing the mechanism for forming statutory regulations. While the secondary legal materials used mainly come from scientific articles published in journals, which discuss popular sovereignty, democracy, community participation, and the mechanisms for forming legislation in various countries. The study results show that the urgency of public participation in the formation of laws and regulations is needed to carry out the teachings of people's sovereignty and democracy in a state, where the highest power lies with the people. Therefore, the people must be involved in forming laws as the legitimacy of government policies. The form of public participation in the formation of laws and regulations in Indonesia is carried out at the stages of preparing academic papers and discussing draft laws and regulations, either through direct participation or representatives.
The Effectiveness of Article 127b of Permen ATR/KPBN No. 16 of 2021 On The Implementation of The Registration of PPJB Deeds and Lease Agreements For Registered Land At The Land Office (A Study In Malang Raya) Sayoko, Wahyu Rekso; Negara, Tunggul Anshari Setia; Susilo, Hariyanto
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v6i1.1122

Abstract

This study examines the effectiveness of Article 127b of Permen ATR/BPN Number 16 of 2021, which pertains to the registration of Deeds of Sale and Purchase Agreements (PPJB) and Deeds of Lease on registered land at the Land Office. The legal issue raised is the discrepancy between das sein (the reality on the ground) and das sollen (the legal provisions that should apply). In the Malang Raya region, these provisions are often overlooked or not implemented as they should be, resulting in numerous disputes over land and buildings based on PPJB and lease agreements. This study employs an empirical method grounded in theories of legal effectiveness, legal certainty, and legal utility. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Article 127B has been ineffective because the three indicators of legal effectiveness—legal Substance, legal Structure, and legal culture—have not been met. The primary causes are the inadequate enforcement of regulations and a lack of understanding among relevant parties regarding the registration mechanism. Therefore, technical guidelines, as well as socialization and training, are necessary to enhance the effectiveness of implementing this article and prevent disputes in the future.
Legal Implications of The Regulation of Material Legal Norms in A Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) Wahyu Iswantoro; Tunggul Anshari Setia Negara; Aan Eko Widiarto
YURISDIKSI : Jurnal Wacana Hukum dan Sains Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): March
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/yurisdiksi.v20i4.271

Abstract

Apart from being the authority of the DPR and the President, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia also gives authority to judicial institutions such as the Supreme Court to make or form regulations. Whereas following Article 79 Paragraph (1) of the Supreme Court Law, the authority to regulate the Supreme Court is limited to supplementing procedural law, however, in its development, several PERMAs such as PERMA 2/2012 regulate the content of material legal norms and are externally binding, which should be regulated at the level law and becomes the authority of lawmakers (legislative act). The main issue that is important to research is what are the legal implications of regulating material legal norms in a PERMA. Under the problems raised, this research is doctrinal research also known as normative research. The approaches used are a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Based on the results of this research, there are 2 (two) legal implications of regulating material legal norms in a PERMA, namely: Overlapping Material Content of Legal Norms and the Unclear Position of PERMA in the Hierarchy of Legislative Regulations. As a result of these three legal implications, law enforcement officials as a legal structure will be unsure whether to follow PERMA as a statutory regulation that is aligned with the law or whether to ignore it.
The Authority of Judicial Orders of the Constitutional Court A Study of Legal Construction and Separation of Powers in Indonesia Ramdhani, Syafiq; Negara, Tunggul Anshari Setia; Susmayanti, Riana
YURISDIKSI : Jurnal Wacana Hukum dan Sains Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/yurisdiksi.v21i1.289

Abstract

This study discusses the authority of judicial orders issued by the Constitutional Court in the context of legal construction and the principle of separation of powers in Indonesia. Judicial orders, as a concrete form of the expansion of the role of the judiciary, play an important role in filling legal gaps and ensuring the implementation of the Constitution, especially when the executive and legislative branches fail to fulfill their obligations. This study employs a normative legal approach with three analytical methods: a statutory approach, a case study of Constitutional Court decisions, and a conceptual approach to relevant legal theories. The findings indicate that judicial orders in Indonesia are not supported by a strong implementation framework, unlike practices in other countries such as India, Colombia, South Africa, Austria, and Germany, which are more progressive in regulating and supervising the implementation of judicial orders. The Indonesian Constitutional Court tends to issue declaratory or conditional rulings, but effective follow-up mechanisms do not accompany these. Therefore, this study recommends reformulating rulings to be more operational, establishing an implementation oversight unit, and adopting a continuing mandamus model for strategic issues as part of efforts to strengthen the role of the Constitutional Court in upholding constitutional supremacy and substantive justice in a constitutional democracy.
Justice Perspective on Land and Building Acquisition Duty Under Government Regulation No. 35/2023 Prayantama, Hamed; Anshari, Tunggul; Rachmat, Sigit Nur
International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) Vol 7 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Islamic Education and Multiculturalism Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijierm.v7i2.490

Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji perspektif keadilan dalam penarikan Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 35 Tahun 2023 tentang Ketentuan Umum Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya ketidakadilan dalam Pasal 18 ayat (2) huruf a, yang mewajibkan pembayaran BPHTB pada saat pembuatan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) yang bersifat notariil, berbeda dengan ketentuan sebelumnya yang mewajibkan pembayaran pada saat pembuatan Akta Jual Beli (AJB) oleh Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT). Ketentuan tersebut menimbulkan permasalahan karena PPJB bukan merupakan alat bukti peralihan hak milik yang sah, serta bertentangan dengan asas “tunai dan terang” sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjawab dua rumusan masalah: (1) Apakah ketentuan pembayaran BPHTB saat pembuatan PPJB telah memenuhi prinsip keadilan? dan (2) Apa implikasi yuridis dari pelaksanaan Pasal 18 ayat (2) huruf a PP No. 35 Tahun 2023? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan historis dan konseptual. Bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier dianalisis secara kualitatif yuridis melalui teknik interpretasi sistematis, gramatikal, dan teleologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya disharmonisasi norma antara PP No. 35 Tahun 2023 dan UUPA, khususnya dalam hal waktu dan dasar hukum penarikan BPHTB. Kewajiban pembayaran BPHTB pada tahap PPJB menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan ketidakadilan, terutama bagi pihak yang belum melakukan peralihan hak secara sah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ketentuan tersebut belum mencerminkan prinsip keadilan dan merekomendasikan revisi regulasi agar sejalan dengan ketentuan hukum peralihan hak yang berlaku. Kata Kunci: Prinsip Keadilan; BPHTB; PPJB; Implikasi Hukum Abstract This study investigates the justice perspective in the imposition of the Acquisition Duty on Land and Building Rights (BPHTB) based on Government Regulation No. 35 of 2023 concerning General Provisions on Regional Taxes and Levies. The research is prompted by a perceived injustice in Article 18 paragraph (2)(a) of the regulation, which requires BPHTB to be paid at the time of executing a notarial binding sale and purchase agreement (PPJB), diverging from the previous practice where BPHTB was due upon the execution of the sale and purchase deed (AJB) by a land deed official (PPAT). This shift is problematic because a PPJB does not constitute legal transfer of ownership and contradicts the principle of cash and clear transaction enshrined in Law No. 5 of 1960 on Basic Agrarian Principles. The study seeks to answer two main questions: (1) Does the requirement to pay BPHTB at the time of PPJB fulfill the principle of justice? and (2) What are the legal implications of enforcing Article 18(2)(a) of Government Regulation No. 35 of 2023? Employing a normative juridical method with historical and conceptual approaches, the research analyzes primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials using qualitative juridical techniques. The study applies systematic, grammatical, and teleological interpretations to assess the normative consistency and fairness of the regulation. The findings reveal a normative disharmony between Government Regulation No. 35/2023 and the Basic Agrarian Law, particularly concerning the timing and legal basis of tax imposition. The obligation to pay BPHTB at the PPJB stage creates legal uncertainty and perceived injustice, especially for parties who have yet to finalize ownership transfer. The study concludes that the regulation in question does not adequately reflect the principle of justice and recommends legislative revision to align taxation obligations with valid legal transfer of ownership. Keywords: Justice Principle; BPHTB; PPJB; Legal Implications
Legal Implications of Changes in the Minimum Area of Forest Area that Must Be Maintained Anggar Puspita Ningrum; Tunggul Anshari Setia Negara; Mohammad Hamidi Masykur
Journal of Science and Education (JSE) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Science and Education (JSE) IN PRESS
Publisher : CV. Media Digital Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58905/jse.v6i1.578

Abstract

This research analyzes the removal of the minimum provision of 30% of the forest area that must be maintained in Article 18 of Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry by the Law on Job Creation making this regulation an incomplete norm, which this situation has the potential to provide leeway for sectors related to the massive use of land and natural resources without regard to environmental sustainability. Therefore, this article discusses the legal implications of changes in the regulation of the minimum area of forest areas that must be maintained using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results obtained in this research are that the absence of a national standard as a definite benchmark in maintaining the size of forest areas causes legal uncertainty and the emergence of legal loopholes that can be abused by certain groups.
The Concept of People's Sovereignty Towards The Appointment of The Ideal Acting Regional Head Hifdillah, Achmad Aldy; Negara, Tunggul Anshari Setia; Susmayanti, Riana
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 1 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i1.43859

Abstract

This research aims to criticize the appointment of Acting Regional Heads as part of legal conflicts that are contrary to the constitution. The appointment of Acting Regional Heads who do not involve the people directly, causes a perception that people's sovereignty is sidelined for the sake of administrative efficiency. Article 18 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is above the Election Law and the regulations under it, so that the interpretation of this regulation is not harmonious can trigger a polemic. This study uses doctrinal/normative research with a statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The results of this study describe the concept of the appointment of Acting Regional Heads as an irrational part and has the potential to weaken the sovereignty of the people as enshrined in the staatfundamental norm (1945 Constitution) or grundnorm (Pancasila), the content element in the provisions for the appointment of Acting Regional Heads is full of non-democratic conditions so that these provisions need to be reviewed by prioritizing the aspect of people's participation. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the representation, participation of the people, and democratic mechanisms to maintain the sustainability of an inclusive and equitable political system.
THE ENFORCEMENT OF FINAL ADMINISTRATIVE COURT JUDGMENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN INDONESIA AND JAPAN David Boy Sumurung Silaban; Tunggul Anshari Setia Negara; Ngesti Dwi Prasetyo
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.3867

Abstract

The principle of fair law enforcement is a manifestation of the state adhering to the conception of the rule of law (rechtsstaat) as the ideal of the nation. This makes the Indonesian judiciary have an important role and the principles of simplicity, quick and low cost as mandated by the 1945 Constitution and Act no 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power. Enforcement of material law cannot be separated from enforcement of formal law, because both run with the aim of realizing a sense of justice for the community. Likewise, the enforcement of judicial decisions: which is a law that must be implemented by the Parties in dispute in it; must be realized for the sake of justice for the entitled Parties. Statistical data reveals that administrative court decisions are often not implemented by administrative agencies/officials. A comparison of the decision execution system between Indonesia and Japan provides an interesting insight into how the two countries, which have different historical backgrounds and judicial systems, enforce the law and execute decisions. This journal focuses on how the policies of the Administrative Court in Indonesia and the Japanese judiciary in executing Inkracht judgments. This analytical comparative study is expected to be a vehicle for scientific and practical exploration related to the fulfillment of rights and obligations for Parties in court disputes. The method used in this research is normative research method with conceptual approach and statutory approach. Some data and statistics from reliable sources are presented as facts that will be analyzed in this journal article..
Sovereignty and Human Rights: Examining Sustainable Plantation Enterprises in Indonesia Hairan, Hairan; Negara, Tunggul Anshari Setia; Koeswahyono, Imam; Sugiri, Bambang
Administrative and Environtmental Law Review Vol 5 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/aelr.v5i1.3415

Abstract

The Sovereignty Principle in the Plantations Law legalizes dynamics that disproportionately empower plantation companies while disenfranchising indigenous peoples. Under this principle, plantation permits are granted to companies, not indigenous communities, limiting the latter's involvement in mandatory deliberations set by the law. Consequently, indigenous peoples are coerced into relinquishing their lands in exchange for compensation, leading to the erosion of their collective land rights. This practice is at odds with the protections intended under Article 28D Paragraph (1) and Article 28H Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia, which safeguard collective rights to property. The lack of political will to recognize and protect these rights suggests a troubling disregard for the existence and sovereignty of indigenous peoples.
The Omnibus Method In Indonesia’s Legislation Formation System Usihen, Min; Anshari, Tunggul; Riyanto, R. Benny; Widiarto, Aan Eko
International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol 4 No 4 (2025): IJHESS FEBRUARY 2025
Publisher : CV. AFDIFAL MAJU BERKAH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v4i4.1310

Abstract

This study seeks to analyze and evaluate the implementation of the omnibus method within Indonesia's legislative framework. The primary focus of the research is to examine how this method streamlines the regulatory structure by merging multiple laws into a single, unified regulation. A qualitative methodology is employed, involving the analysis of relevant legal documents, existing laws, regulations, and academic literature. The sample population includes various Indonesian laws and regulations impacted by the omnibus method. The findings indicate that while the omnibus method significantly reduces legal complexity, it also introduces concerns regarding potential overlaps and conflicts within the legal system.
Co-Authors Aan Eko Widiarto Abdul Majid Abdul Rachmad Budiono Achmad Safiudin R Adji Kuntadewi Adytia, Nur Amalina Putri Afifulloh Afifulloh, Afifulloh Agustina, Enno Sellya Alkanu, David Pandu Amanda Puteri Rachmatullah Anastasia Rosita Retno Mayangsari Andriana, Desmilia Eka Anggar Puspita Ningrum Anisa Pasha Rahmawati Antari, Putu Eva Ditayani Arif Zainudin Ariska Cesar Divian Candra KUSUMA Benny Riyanto David Boy Sumurung Silaban Diah Aju Wisnuwardhani Dyah Widhiawati Dyah Widhiawati Dyanata, Nandu Eko Widiarto Eko Widiarto, Eko Endang Sri Kawuryan Ervin Munandar Fadli, Moh. Fahmi Kamuli Fahmi, Herzie Riza Faqih Sunni S. Fery Rochmad Ramadhan Firmansyah R, Adithya Tri Fredy Alpin Gunawan Hadiyanti, Anisa Rahma Hairan, Hairan Hendarto Hadisuryo Henry, Tirza Tania Hermawan Dwi Putra Hifdillah, Achmad Aldy Hussein Ahmad Imam Koeswahyono Indah Dwi Qurbani Istislam Istislam, Istislam Istislam, - Iwan Permadi Jauharoh, Arini Jazim Hamidi kawuryan, endang sri Kawuryan, Endang Sri Laksono Trisnantoro Lovita Gamelia Kimbal Mohammad Fadli Mohammad Hamidi Masykur Muchamad Ali Safaat Muchamad Ali Safa’at Muchamamd Ali Safa’at Muhammad Lukman Hakim Muhammad Lutfi Muhammad Lutfi Muzdalifah Lutfi Ngesti Dwi Prasetyo Ni Nyoman Intan Pratiwi Rahmawati Prayantama, Hamed Prija Djatmika Prija Djatmika, Prija Putra, Hermawan Dwi Putri Darmawan Charles Putri, Luh Putu Yeyen Karista R. Imam Rahmat Sjafi’i Rachmat, Sigit Nur Radian Salman Ramdhani, Syafiq Reni Margiyanti Riana Susmayanti Riana SUSMAYANTI Riana Susmayanti Safa'at, Muchamamd Ali Safa’at, Muchamad Ali Safa’at, Rachmad Salsabila, Amira Choirunnisa Salsha Zuhriyah Sandi Permana Nugraha Sandi Permana Nugraha Sayoko, Wahyu Rekso Setyo Widagdo Shinta Hadiyantina Sihombing, Uli Parulian Sinda Eria Ayuni Sudarsono Sudarsono Sugiri, Bambang Supriyadi Supriyadi Susilo, Hariyanto Titik Soeryati Soekasi Uli Parulian Sihombing Usihen, Min Wahyu Iswantoro Widhiawati, Dyah Yulianti, Elina Dyah