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Journal : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

Inverse Correlation between Combination of Antiretroviral Therapy with the level of Serum Interleukin-6, Ferritin, and Hepcidin in HIV Patients with Anemia Chronic Disease I Ketut Agus Somia; Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati; I Made Bakta; Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba; Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa; I Dewa Made Sukrama; Ketut Suryana; Rudi Wisaksana
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cARV therapy correlates with the serum level of IL-6, ferritin, and hepcidin in HIV infected patients with ACD.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in HIV patients with ACD, aged 15-65 years with exclusion criteria such as chronic renal disease, chronic liver disease, treated for anemia in the last 3 months, taking iron supplements in the last 3 months, history of blood transfusion in the last 1 year, suffering from acute infection, tuberculosis infection, malignancy, hepatitis C virus infection, acute hypersensitivity reaction and pregnancy. Blood specimen examined by high sensitivity human IL-6 In vitro ELISA, DRG Hepcidin- 25 ELISA, serum ferritin by agglutination method and CD4 cell count by flow cytometry. Results: A total of 86 HIV patients with ACD consist of 42 subjects with experienced cARV and 44 subjects with naive cARV. There are several differences between cARV naïve and experienced cARV including: Hb (g/dl) [ 10.8 ( 9.88 – 11.75) Vs. 11.60 (11.00 – 12.34) p: 0.058 ], serum iron (mg/dl) [ 50.00 (31 – 66.8) Vs. 71.40 (56.00 – 108.00) p: 0.121 ), serum ferritin (ug/dl) [ 630 ( 194 – 1101) Vs. 195.40 (128.25 – 589.47) p: 0.008 ], IL-6 (pg/mL) [7.20 (3.88 – 10.76) Vs. 4.03 (1.69 – 8.49) p: 0.009), serum hepcidin (ng/mL) [45.54 (16.74 – 95.31) Vs. 23.35 (6.58 – 49.99) p: 0.007] , CD4 cell count (cell/uL) [31.5 (14.25 – 90.75) Vs. 307 (168.5 – 458.75) p : < 0.001)] There is a significant inverse correlation between the cARV therapy with level of serum IL-6 ( r: - 0. 285, p: 0.008), ferritin (r: - 0.321, p: 0.007) and hepcidin (r: - 0.293, p: 0.006). While there was a significant positive correlation between the cARV therapy with CD4 cell count (r: 0.676, p: 0.001). There was no correlation between the cARV therapy with serum iron levels ( r: 0.176, p: 0.121).Conclusion: There is an inverse correlation between the cARV therapy with serum level of IL-6, ferritin, and hepcidin in HIV patients with ACD.  Keywords: cARV, ACD, IL-6, Ferritin, Hepcidin.
The Comparative Effect of Liquid and Tablet Preparation of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L) Extract to Lipid Profile, MDA, and SOD Level in Male Wistar Rats After Given High-Cholesterol Diet I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa; I Made Jawi; Putu Astawa
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 07: (2018) July 2018
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Abstract

Background: Recent developments in tablet preparation of extract have brought advantages to keep active ingredients from plants in stable forms physically and chemically. This study aims to compare the liquid and tablet preparation of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) extract to lipid profile, MDA, and SOD level in rats after given high-cholesterol diet. Methods: A randomized pre- and post-test control group experimental study was conducted during 4 weeks among 21 male Wistar rats. They were divided into 3 groups in this study namely: control (only high-cholesterol diet), Treatment 1 (T1) group (high-cholesterol diet and 200mg/day tablet of purple sweet potato extract), and Treatment 2 (T2) group (high-cholesterol diet and liquid form of purple sweet potato tubers extract about 2 mL/day). Lipid profile, MDA, and SOD level examination were performed twice from retro orbital sinus blood drawn and analyzed using ANOVA in SPSS version 17.Results: Mean value of lipid profile was significantly lower in T2 group (Cholesterol 84.48 ± 3.38; LDL 23.05 ± 2.32; HDL 63.39 ± 1.56; and triglycerides 96.03 ± 3.82; P < 0.05) after study period. The mean value of MDA was also significantly lower in T2 group (1.25 ± 0.09; P < 0.05) and SOD level was significantly higher in T2 group (73.72 ± 4.14; P < 0.05) in the end of study. Conclusion: Liquid preparation of purple sweet potato extract showed a better efficacy in reducing lipid profile and MDA level, as well as enhancing SOD level in rats given high-cholesterol diet.Keywords: Lipid Profile, Liquid, MDA and SOD Level, Purple Sweet Potato, Tablet.
COMPARISON THE ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL BETWEEN YOUNG MAHOGANY SEEDS EXTRACT WITH MATURE MAHOGANY SEEDS EXTRACT IN RATS WITH HYPERTENSION I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa; Putu Astawa; I Made Jawi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 09 Issue 05
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Mahogany seeds have been used in the community as an antihypertensive and antioxidant. Antihypertensive and antioxidant efficacy of mature mahogany seeds has been proven in hypertensive rats. The purpose of this study was to compare the antihypertensive and antioxidant effect of mature mahogany seeds extract with young mahogany seeds extract. This study is a laboratory experimental design with pre-test and post-test design control groups, with Wistar rats as samples. Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups, each group consist of 6 rats. The control group was given saline every day as a rat model of hypertension. 1-4 treatment groups were each given NaCl and water extract of young mahogany seeds for treatment 1, the ethanol extract of young mahogany seeds as treatment 2, water extract of mature mahogany seeds as treatment 3 and ethanol extract of mature mahogany seeds as treatments 4. Dosages of extract mahogany seeds is 100 mg / head / day for 4 weeks. Before treatment, evaluation of rat blood pressure with special sphygmomanometer was held, and examination of blood MDA as a pre-test data. Further evaluation of MDA and SOD blood pressure are at the end of the study. The data were tested by ANOVA to see the difference between the groups. The results showed a decrease in blood pressure and levels of MDA were significant in all treatments (p <0.05) compared with control as well as an increase in SOD were significantly (p <0.05). The ethanol extract of mature mahogany seeds showed the most excellent antihypertensive and antioxidant properties (p <0.05). From these results, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of mature mahogany seeds is better than young mahogany seeds extract as an antihypertensive and antioxidant in hypertensive rats.Keywords – antioxidants, hypertensive rats, mature and young mahogany seeds
High Level of Uterine Endocervical Interleukin-8, Matrix Metalloproteinase-8, and Interleukin 1Β as a Risk Factor for Preterm Labor Suwardewa TGA; Suwiyoga K K; Mantik Astawa N; Sutirta Yasa IWP
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Vol. 9 Issue 7 : 2017
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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The preterm birth is a birth that takes place on a gestational age between 20–36 weeks and six days. The preterm birth   is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Despite the current treatment procedures, the incidence of preterm birth has not changed in the last two decades. Incomplete understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying preterm labor is the major obstacle to prevent preterm birth. Recently, endocervical inflammation has been thought as a risk factor of a preterm labor. Several important substances such as endocervical IL-8, MMP-8, and IL-1β, has been considered to play a key role on preterm birth through cervical ripening. With those assumptions, the detection of a higher level of uterine endocervical IL-8, MMP-8, and IL-1β can be used to predict preterm labor. The design of this study is an observational case control study with a case group, which consisted of pregnant women with 20–36 weeks and six days of gestational age who had signs of labor, and the control group consisted of pregnant women with 20–36 weeks and six days of gestational age who had no signs of labor. The material used for this study is cervical mucous, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was used to assess the level of IL-8, MMP-8, and IL-1β at laboratory of Veterinary Medicine of Udayana University Denpasar. In this study we used 48 samples, among which 24 were case group, and 24 as a control group. The mean age of the women, gestational age, and parity from both group are (27.04 vs 28.62 years old), (31.8 vs 29.50 weeks), and (0.96 vs 1.29) respectively, which are statistically homogenous (p > 0.05). Each level of interleukin-8, matrix metalloproteinase, and interleukin-1β suggests a risk factor of a preterm labor for: 35 times (OR = 35.00; CI 95% = 6.95–176.39; p = 0.001); 6.6 times (OR = 6.60; CI 95% = 1.25–34.95; p = 0.016), and 8.3 times (OR = 8.3; CI 95% = 2.15–32.3; p = 0.001), orderly. Among these cytokines, one that contributes most through a preterm birth is interleukin-8 (61%), followed by matrix metalloproteinase-8 (27%), and interleukin-1β (12%).Conclusion: Endocervical inflammation with high level of IL-8, MMP-8, and IL-1β is a risk factor for preterm labor. IL -8 gives the most contribution on preterm labor.Keywords: Preterm birth, Endocervical IL-8, MMP-8, and IL-1β.
Comparison of the effects of ethanol extract with aqueous extract of purple sweet potato tuber in expression of SOD-2, SOD-3, and eNOS on human vascular endothelial cells exposed by H2O2 in-Vitro I Made Jawi; I G K Arijana; I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa; AAN Subawa
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Aqueous extract of purple sweet potato tubers have antioxidant potential in animal and human vascular endothelial, through increased expression of superoxide dismutase. This study aims to prove the comparison between ethanol extract and aqueous extract of purple sweet potato tubers increasing the expression of superoxide dismutase -2, superoxide dismutase -3, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in human vascular endothelium. This study was an experimental study of the vascular endothelial cells which underwent oxidative stress in vitro, which is protected by ethanol extract or aqueous extract of purple sweet potato tuber at various concentrations. Observation of the superoxide dismutase -2, superoxide dismutase -3, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in endothelial cells is done using the method immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies. The results showed an increase in superoxide dismutase - 2, superoxide dismutase -3, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase was significantly (p < 0.05) in endothelium protected by ethanol extract or water extract of purple sweet potato tubers. The ethanol extract only showed its effect at concentration of 1.5625 µg/ml for superoxide dismutase -2 and superoxide dismutase -3. The effect of aqueous extract were at a concentration of 1.5625–3.125µg/ml. From these results it can be concluded that the ethanol extract or aqueous extract of purple sweet potato tubers can protect endothelial cells from oxidative stress through increased expression of superoxide dismutase -2 and superoxide dismutase -3. The ethanol extract requires much lower concentrations to show its effect compared with aqueous extracts. Keywords: Aqueous extract or ethanol  extract of purple sweet potato, Superoxide dismutase, Human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Administration of Binahong (Anredera Cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) Leaves Extract Fixes Pancreatic β-cell Damage through Lowering Blood Glucose and Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) Level in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rat Sri Wahyuni; I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Background: Increasing production of free radicals is one of the factors that cause hyperglycemia. Chronic hyperglycemia can increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of binahong (Anredera cordifolia (ten) steenis) leaf extract in fixing the pancreas β-cell damage rate in alloxan induced hyperglycemic Wistar rat. Methods: This study used randomized pre and post-test control group design. Fifty Wistar rats were divided into two control groups and three experimental groups administered with difference doses of binahong leaves extract; 0.5 mg/kg BW (P1), 2.0 mg/kg BW (P2), and 5.0 mg/kg BW (P3). Hyperglycemic state obtained by inducing the rats with alloxan. Results: The result showed that mean blood glucose levels were decreased in the positive control group (glibenclamide) (185.98 mg/dL) and the experimental groups; P1, P2, and P3 (181.36 mg/dL, 184.61 mg/dL, and 163.36 mg/dL, respectively). The mean differences between P1 and P2 and between P1 and P3 were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The AGEs level for the positive control group (glibenclamide) is 0.224 mol/L and for the experimental groups are 0.219 mol/L, 0.212 mol/L, and 0.188 mol/L for P1, P2, and P3, respectively. The differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: Administration of binahong leaves extract can improve the damage rate of pancreas β-cell through lowering the blood glucose and AGEs level in hyperglycemic Wistar rat and that the effect is significant at the dose of 5.00 mg/kg bw per day.Keywords: Anredera cordiofolia (ten) steenin, blood glucose and AGEs, hyperglycemia.
Co-Authors Adhitya, Putu Gde Surya Agung Nova Mahendra Agung Wiwiek Indrayani Airin Que Ali Djamhuri Amaral, Meriana Barreto Anak Agung Gede Sudewa Djelantik Anak Agung Ngurah Subawa Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari, Anak Agung Anom Suardika Astini, Dewa Ayu Agung Alit Suka Bagus Komang Satriyasa Bastianus Alfian Juatmadja Benny Supono Calvin Jonathan Cokorda Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi Cokorda Istri Dewiyani Pemayun D.P.G. Jananuraga Maharddhika Desak Gde Diah Dharma Santhi Dewa Ayu Putu Rasmika Dewi Dewi, Ni Kadek Ari Kusuma Dharayani, Luh Anandita Dharma Santhi, Desak Gde Diah Dina Sophia Margina Divasta, I G Mahapraja Fatqur Rochman Feliciano Pinto, Feliciano Ferbian Milas Siswanto Gde Ary Putra Kamajaya Gede Agus Eka Tirta Putra Gede Agus Suwiryawan Gusti Ngurah Sutapa Hamsu Kadriyan Haneetha Yogarajah I A Putri Wirawati I Dewa Made Sukrama I Gde Raka Widiana I Gde Suranaya Pandit I Gede Juliarta I Gede Widhiantara I Gst Agung Dwi Mahasurya I Gusti Agung Dyah Ambarawati I Gusti Agung Ngurah Radhitya Wijaya Radhitya Wijaya I Gusti Kamasan Arijana I Gusti Made Aman I Kadek Arya Candra I Kadek Septiawan I Ketut Agus Somia I Ketut Suastika I Ketut Suwiyoga I Made Ady Wirawan I Made Bagus Cahya Wibawa I Made Bakta I Made Dwikayana I Made Jawi I Made Oka Adi Parwata I Made Sudarmaja I Made Tomik Nurya Wardana I NYOMAN MANTIK ASTAWA I Nyoman Wande I Nyoman Wande I W. Sudarsa I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka Putra I Wayan Niryana I Wayan Rosiana I Wayan Sumardika I Wayan Wita I. B. T. Wibawa Manuaba, I. B. T. Wibawa I. B. Tjakra Wibawa Manuaba I. K. Widiana, I. K. I.A.A. Widhiartini I.B.GDE ANANTA MAHESVARA IBN Dwipayana Manuaba Ida Ayu Kemala Wasita Manuaba Ida Bagus Made Suryatika Ida Bagus Ngurah Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba Ida Bagus Verry Kusumaningrat Ida Bagus Wayan Kardika Ida Kurniawati, Ida IGA Ayu Ratih Pradnyadewi Ignatius Ferdi Yuatmadja Indah Pramita Indradewa, Rhian Indrayani, Pande Kadek Putri Rahayu Intan Astariani Kamayoga, I Dewa Gede Alit Karta Sawenda Ketut Siki Kawiyana Ketut Suega Ketut Suryana Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati Ketut Widyani Astuti Lesmana, Cokorda Agung Bagus Jaya Lesmana, I Wayan Lolik Luh Putu Sukma Diyanti Made Ayu Widyaningsih Made Dyah Khrisnadewi MADE RATNA SARASWATI . Manuaba, Ida Bagus Tjakra Wibawa Melania Antonia Barreto Cerqueira Michael Christian Widjaja Milaviwanda, Luh Komang Ayu N. K. Niti Susila, N. K. Naw, Sin War Ni Gusti Ayu Putu Lestari Santika Dewi Ni Kadek Mulyantari Ni Kadek Nita Utami Ni Ketut Susilawati Ni Ketut Susilawati Ni Luh Candra Mas Ayuni Ni Luh Wayan Pani Ambarasari Ni Made Dharma Laksmi Ni Made Linawati Ni Nyoman Mahartini Ni Nyoman Mahartini Ni Nyoman Mahartini Ni Putu Oktaviani Rinika Pranitasari Ni Putu Sriwidyani Ni Putu Widya Nandasari Ni Wayan Ari Anindita Sari Ocktaviana Saputri, Legis Pande Ayu Naya Kasih Permatananda Pande Komang Gede Bayu Wikrama Permatasari, Anak Agung Ayu Putri Poniman, S. Prabasari, Pande Visca Gayatri pradnya wibawa, komang budhi Pratiwi, Cokorda Agung Pujawan, I Made Naris Purnamawati, Susy Puspa Negara, Anak Agung Gede Angga Putu Angga Wiradana Putu Astawa Putu Budhiastra Putu Diani Wirayanti Raka-Sudewi A. A. Romdhoni, Achmad Chusnu Rudi Wisaksana S. Herawati, S. Sagung Novita Widyaningrat Saisnu Supta, I Wayan Santosa, I Gusti Ngurah Putra Eka Sianny Herawati Sri Maliawan Sri Wahyuni Suryawisesa, Ida Bagus Made Susy Purnawati Swari, Kadek Gyna Yadnya Thaha .. Tirtha Yasa, I Nyoman Wawan Tjokorda Gde Agung Suwardewa Tjokorda Gede Oka Tri Pramartha, I Nyoman Valari, Putu Kavita Krisnina Wayan Suardana Widiyanti, I Gusti Ayu Wijaya Kusuma Yasa, I Nyoman Wawan Tirtha Yayang Christian Yenny Kandarini