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AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ACTINOMYCETES DARI AKAR TANAMAN DI EKOSISTEM KARST GORONTALO, INDONESIA Alfandi Kibu; Yuliana Retnowati; Novri Youla Kandowangko; Wirnangsi Din Uno; Abubakar Sidik Katili; Nurdin
Jurnal Humaniora & Sosial Sains Vol 2 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pojok Publisher

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Abstract

Several pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other pathogenic bacteria have developed resistance to many marketed antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus is already resistant to several types of antibiotics such as penicillin, erythromycin, cefoxitin, levofloxacin, and clindamycin, Escherichia is resistant to several antibiotics such as Penicillin G, Cefotaxime, Tetracycline, Ampicillin, and Amoxicillin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been resistant to antibiotics that target ribosomes, such as tobramycin and tigecycline. The problem of resistance of several pathogenic bacteria can be overcome by finding new metabolite compounds from Actinomycetes microorganisms that have antibiotic potential by exploring extreme areas, one of which is in the karst area, especially in plant roots. Root sampling was carried out by taking samples + 20 cm on each type of plant found. Isolation of Actinomycetes bacteria was carried out using the plate method. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using the line method. The morphological form of the spores was seen using a SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). The results of the study found 2 isolates of isolated plant roots containing Actinomycetes bacteria. 2 isolates showed morphological characteristics of mycelium, oval and round in shape and had various colors. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that each isolate could inhibit several types of pathogenic bacteria, seen from the clear zone with different diameters and the results of SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) showed that 2 isolates had the same character and shape of spores as Actinomycetes, namely the genus Streptomyces.
POTENSI ACTINOMYCETES DARI RHIZOSFER TUMBUHAN DI EKOSISTEM KARST GORONTALO SEBAGAI ANTICANDIDA Riskanarti K. Lihaawa; Yuliana Retnowati; Abubakar Sidik Katili
Jurnal Humaniora & Sosial Sains Vol 2 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pojok Publisher

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Abstract

Karst ecosystem is one of the extreme marginal areas or types of soil that has low soil fertility. Soil in the karst ecosystem has a relatively high calcium (Ca) content which can affect the availability of phosphorus (P). However, there is microbial activity that can provide nutrient needs for plants to stay alive, one of which is Actinomycetes. This research method uses a quantitative research method, rhizosphere soil samples were taken at three locations, namely Bangga hill, Panipi hill around Lake Limboto, and Olohuta hill with a purposive sampling method. The results of the study showed that there were 7 isolates of Actinomycetes found associated with 5 types of plants in the karst ecosystem. Actinomycetes isolates showed almost uniform morphological, colony and cell characteristics dominated by white. The results of the anticandida activity test showed that there were 2 isolates (KSLl and KSIc) that inhibited the growth of Candida albicans, KSLl with an inhibition zone diameter of 10.5 mm and KSIc with an inhibition zone diameter of 17.5 mm. Molecular identification based on 16S RRNA gene sequences showed that the KSLl isolate was closely related to Streptomyces aegyptia with a similarity index of 99.64% and the KSIc isolate was closely related to Istreptomyces sp with a similarity index of 99.57%.
Symbiotic Efficiency of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth Dynamics and Root Colonization of Waxy Corn (Zea mays L. var. ceratina) Yuniyarti Hulu; Novri Youla Kandowangko; Muhammad Isra; Jusna Ahmad; Yuliana Retnowati; Aisyah Ahmad; Wirnangsih D. Uno; Hayatiningsih Gubali
Journal of Tropical Mycorrhiza Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Asosiasi Mikoriza Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58222/jtm.v5i1.116

Abstract

One of the important food crops in Gorontalo is corn (Zea mays L. var. ceratina), and root health is very important in determining its growth and productivity. This study aims to determine the root shoot-root ratio and root infection of waxy corn plants given arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as biostimulants. This study was conducted from July to December 2025 using a completely randomized block design (RBD) with four different doses mycorrhizal arbuscular: 0, 10, 20, 30 g /polybag, which were replicated three times and observed periodically over 42 days after planting (DAP). The variables observed were root shoot-root ratio and root infection of plants at 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after planting. The results showed that the application of mycorrhizae with different doses resulted in a root shoot ratio that increased in line with the increasing age of the plant. In contrast, it was interesting to find that in plant root infections, mycorrhizal application appeared to increase until the plants were 28 days after planting, after which it declined. This finding suggests that arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation given to plants at different doses can impact root health, as indicated by the ratio of root decay to root infection. The symbiosis between mycorrhizae and plants is crucial for the growth of waxy corn.  
Response of Actinomycetes Inoculation to the Growth Rate of waxy Corn (Zea mays var. ceratina) Adelia Salsabila Rahman; Novri Youla Kandowangko; Wirnangsih D. Uno; Yuliana Retnowati; Devi Bunga Pagalla; Hayatiningsih Gubali; Muhammad Isra; Aisyah Ahmad
Journal of Tropical Mycorrhiza Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Asosiasi Mikoriza Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58222/jtm.v5i1.119

Abstract

Waxy corn (Zea mays var. ceratina) is an important food crop whose growth and productivity are strongly influenced by nutrient availability and soil microbial activity. The use of Actinomycetes as a biological biostimulant has gained attention due to its potential to enhance plant growth in an environmentally sustainable manner. This study aimed to evaluate the response of waxy corn growth rate to different doses of Actinomycetes inoculation. The experiment was conducted from July to December 2025 using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of three treatments: without Actinomycetes application (PA0), 5 g Actinomycetes (PA1), and 10 g Actinomycetes (PA2), with three replications for each treatment. Plant growth observations were performed at 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after planting (DAP). Growth rate was determined based on the increase in plant dry biomass over each observation interval. The results showed that Actinomycetes inoculation affected the growth rate of waxy corn. The PA2 treatment consistently exhibited higher and more stable growth rates compared with PA0 and PA1 throughout the observation period. The enhanced growth performance was likely associated with the role of Actinomycetes in improving nutrient availability and stimulating vegetative development. In conclusion, the application of 10 g Actinomycetes demonstrated the greatest potential to increase the growth rate of waxy corn and may serve as an effective biological biostimulant for sustainable crop production.
Antagonistic Ability and Fungicide Tolerance of Actinomycetes from the Rhizosphere of Maize (Zea mays L.) Plants in Gorontalo Danial Mohamad; Yuliana Retnowati; Novri Youla Kandowangko; Abubakar Sidik Katili; Wirnangsi Din Uno
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1193-1201

Abstract

Actinomycetes are a group of microbes that live in the rhizosphere of plants and play an important role in soil microbial dynamics. This study aims to describe the antagonistic ability against pathogenic molds and tolerance to fungicides in actinomycetes from the rhizosphere of maize plants in Gorontalo. This research is descriptive uses a quantitative approach and employs a purposive sampling technique. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected from maize fields in the hilly area of Bontula Village, Asparaga District, Gorontalo Regency. The results showed the presence of 7 actinomycetes isolates with different morphological characteristics, namely RFZm-PG, RFZm-PLG, RFZm-PW, RFZm-PB, RFZm-PR, RFZm-PY, and RFZm-PO. Antagonistic tests showed that four isolates (RFZm-PB, RFZm-PG, RFZm-PLG, RFZm-PW) inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and Neocosmospora solani with an inhibition percentages of 66.38%-89%. The fungicide tolerance test showed that the seven isolates were tolerant to thiram, dimethomorph and benomyl, with the highest inhibitory effect by thiram. Isolates RFZm-PG and RFZm-PLG had the highest tolerance up to 500 ppm, while other isolates were tolerant only up to 400 ppm. Molecular analysis showed that RFZm-PG belongs to the genus Streptomyces (100% similarity with Streptomyces enissocaesilis), while RFZm-PLG belongs to Nocardiopsis (100% similarity with Nocardiopsis synnemataformans).
Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Berpikir Kritis Berbasis Pendekatan Socio Scientific Issues (SSI) pada Materi Virus: (Development of a Critical Thinking Test Instrument Based on the Socio-Scientific Issues (SSI) Approach on Virus Material) Rahmatiya, Rahmatiya; Dama, Lilan; Usman, Nurul Fajryani; Retnowati, Yuliana; Mustaqimah, Nur
BIODIK Vol. 12 No. 02 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biodik.v12i02.56109

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the development of a critical thinking test instrument based on the Socio-Scientific Issue (SSI) approach. The abstract nature of virus material demands learning and evaluation that not only emphasizes memorization of concepts, but also connects the concept of viruses with real-life problems. Therefore, an innovative approach is needed to improve students' critical thinking skills with the Socio-Scientific Issue (SSI) approach. The test instruments used by teachers have not accommodated critical thinking skills or teachers still predominantly measure low cognitive abilities, namely C1 and C2. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) research method along with the ADDIE development model. The population used was 88 grade XI students at MAN 2 Gorontalo Regency. The sample consisted of 35 students who participated in a limited-scale trial with a purposive sampling technique. The results of the research and development that have been carried out, the critical thinking test instrument based on the Socio-Scientific Issue (SSI) approach on virus material was declared "Very Valid" based on the results of the validity test by material experts and construct experts. This is demonstrated by the average validity score of 97% from subject matter experts and 98% from construct experts. The results of the item validity and reliability tests indicate that all items are valid and reliable. Furthermore, the test instrument was also declared "Very Practical," with an average practicality score of 98% from teachers and 86% from students. These results indicate that the test instrument is valid and suitable for use as an evaluation tool in the learning process. Abstrak.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen tes berpikir kritis berbasis pendekatan Socio Scientific Issue (SSI). Instrumen tes yang digunakan oleh guru belum mengakomodasi kemampuan berpikir kritis atau guru masih dominan mengukur kemampuan kognitif rendah yaitu C1 dan C2. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Research and Development (R&D) bersama dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Populasi yang digunakan adalah 88 peserta didik kelas XI di MAN 2 Kabupaten Gorontalo. Sampel terdiri dari 35 peserta didik yang berpartisipasi dalam uji coba skala terbatas dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan yang telah dilakukan, instrumen tes berpikir kritis berbasis pendekatan Socio Scientific Issue (SSI) pada materi virus dinyatakan “Sangat Valid” berdasarkan hasil uji validitas ahli materi dan ahli konstruk. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh rata-rata skor validitas ahli materi sebesar 97% dan rata-rata skor validitas ahli konstruk sebesar 98%. Hasil uji validitas butir soal dan reliabilitas menunjukkan bahwa seluruh butir soal dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Selanjutnya, instrumen tes juga dinyatakan “Sangat Praktis”, dengan skor kepraktisan rata-rata 98% dari guru dan 86% dari peserta didik. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa instrumen tes yang dibuat valid dan layak digunakan sebagai alat evaluasi pada proses pembelajaran.
Distribution and Abundance of Actinomycetes in the Rhizosphere Soil of The Hungayono Karst Ecosystem, Gorontalo Apriliyanti Mohulaingo; Yuliana Retnowati; Abubakar Sidik Katili; Ani M. Hasan; Novri Youla Kandowangko
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1363-1371

Abstract

Karst ecosystems have unique environmental conditions that can influence the presence of soil microorganisms, including Actinomycetes in the rhizosphere. This study aimed to determine the distribution and abundance of Actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil of plants in the Hungayono karst ecosystem, Gorontalo. This study employed a quantitative descriptive method with an exploratory approach. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected from several plant species at three observation points: the lower, middle, and upper parts of the karst area. Actinomycetes were isolated using Starch Casein Agar, while their abundance was determined using the Total Plate Count method and expressed in CFU/g of soil. The results showed that actinomycetes were found at all observation points, with abundances ranging from 2 × 103 to 3 × 105 CFU/g. The highest abundances were found in the rhizosphere of Calamus spp., Anthocephalus macrophyllus, and Ficus microcarpa, while the lowest abundances were found in the rhizosphere of Alocasia macrorrhizos. The Actinomycetes isolates obtained exhibited morphological variation based on mycelium color and colony shape. These findings indicate that the distribution and abundance of Actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil of the Hungayono karst ecosystem vary among plant species and observation sites. The plant rhizosphere in this karst ecosystem functions as a microhabitat that supports the presence of Actinomycetes and is relevant to studies of karst soil microbiology.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Karbonoklastik Dari Kawasan Karst Hungayono Gorontalo Dewi Farhamni; Vrilianika Vrilianika; Fatma Novriyanti Abdul; Muh Ikram Nur; Latifa Tangkudung; Yuliana Retnowati
Jambura Edu Biosfer Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Jambura Edu Biosfer Journal
Publisher : Fakultas MIPA Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34312/jebj.v7i2.34949

Abstract

Ekosistem karst menyediakan lingkungan unik yang mendukung keberagaman mikroba, termasuk bakteri karbonoklastik yang mampu menginduksi presipitasi kalsium karbonat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri karbonoklastik dari kawasan Karst Hungayono, Gorontalo, serta menyeleksi isolat potensial penginduksi presipitasi kalsium karbonat berbasis aktivitas urease sebagai kandidat awal bioagen biobeton. Sampel tanah dikumpulkan dari tiga lokasi karst, kemudian dilakukan isolasi bakteri menggunakan media presipitasi kalsium karbonat (CCP). Analisis morfologi koloni, pewarnaan Gram, dan uji aktivitas urease dilakukan untuk menentukan karakteristik dan kemampuan presipitasi bakteri. Dua isolat bakteri (K1 dan K2) berhasil diperoleh, di mana isolat K2 menunjukkan aktivitas urease positif yang ditandai dengan perubahan warna media menjadi merah muda paling pekat secara kualitatif serta diduga membentuk endapan kalsium karbonat. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan morfologi dan pewarnaan Gram, isolat K2 menunjukkan karakteristik sel Gram positif berbentuk basil, ciri yang umum dijumpai pada kelompok bakteri karbonoklastik yang berperan dalam proses presipitasi kalsit terinduksi mikroba (MICP); identifikasi molekuler lanjutan tetap diperlukan untuk memastikan genus dan spesiesnya secara pasti. Isolat K2 dari kawasan Karst Hungayono berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai kandidat bioaditif ramah lingkungan untuk material konstruksi. Studi ini menjadi data awal bagi pengembangan riset biokonstruksi berbasis bakteri lokal dari ekosistem karst.
Isolasi, Identifikasi, dan Uji Efektivitas Metabolit Sekunder Bakteri Endofit Sembung (Blumea balsamifera) Sebagai Biopestisida Terhadap Kutu Kebul (Bemisia tabaci) Radina I. Timumun; Harista Agustina; Ani M. Hasan; Wirnangsi D. Uno; Yuliana Retnowati
Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains Dan Teknologi Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Januari - Maret
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47233/jpst.v5i1.4223

Abstract

Blumea balsamifera contains bioactive metabolites that are presumed to support the presence of endophytic bacteria capable of producing secondary metabolites with pesticidal potential, making this plant a promising source of eco-friendly biopesticides. This study aimed to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria associated with B. balsamifera and to evaluate the insecticidal activity of their secondary metabolites against Bemisia tabaci. Endophytic bacteria were isolated using the Direct Planting and Grinding methods, followed by purification, Gram staining, and metabolite production through liquid culture in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. The isolated strain was identified as a Gram-negative, short rod-shaped bacterium producing a yellowish supernatant, which was successfully extracted using ethyl acetate to obtain an extracellular metabolite fraction. Toxicity bioassays revealed a clear dose–response pattern, with 24-hour mortality of B. tabaci increasing from 55.00% at 35% concentration to 80.00% at 75% concentration. Probit analysis yielded an LC₅₀ value of 1500.95, while LT₅₀ decreased significantly from 42.26 hours to 15.87 hours as metabolite concentration increased. These findings confirm that endophytic bacteria isolated from B. balsamifera are capable of producing secondary metabolites effective in suppressing B. tabaci populations, highlighting their strong potential for development as environmentally friendly plant-based biopesticides.
Cemaran Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Salmonella sp. pada Thunnus albacares di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Kota Gorontalo Sri Yulianti Hadji; Wirnangsi D Uno; Dewi Wahyuni K Baderan; Yuliana Retnowati; Ilyas Husain; Chairunnisah J Lamangantjo
Jambura Edu Biosfer Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2025): Jambura Edu Biosfer Journal
Publisher : Fakultas MIPA Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34312/jebj.v7i1.25872

Abstract

Ikan tuna (Thunnus albacares) merupakan salah satu komoditas hasil laut yang banyak ditemukan di Pusat Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Kota Gorontalo dan sering dikonsumsi masyarakat. Penanganan pasca tangkap yang kurang baik dapat memicu kontaminasi bakteri sehingga berdampak pada penurunan mutu ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi cemaran bakteri Escherichia coli dan Salmonella sp. pada ikan tuna jenis T. albacares di PPI Kota Gorontalo. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan pengambilan sampel dari tiga titik berbeda, masing-masing satu sampel. Pengujian E. coli dilakukan dengan metode MPN tiga seri tabung, sedangkan Salmonella sp. diuji menggunakan metode kultur pada media selektif Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel ikan tuna mengandung E. coli dengan nilai MPN berturut-turut 7,8 × 10³ APM/gr, 6,5 × 10³ APM/gr, dan 14,1 × 10³ APM/gr, sehingga tidak memenuhi syarat mutu SNI 2729:2013 yang mensyaratkan E. coli kurang dari 3 APM/gr untuk ikan segar. Sebaliknya, uji Salmonella sp. menunjukkan hasil negatif pada semua sampel, sehingga memenuhi baku mutu SNI 2729:2013 yaitu negatif per 25 gram (0/25 g).
Co-Authors Abubakar Sidik Katili Adelia Salsabila Rahman Ahmad, Aisyah Aisyah Ahmad Aisyah Ahmad Alfandi Kibu Angio, Melisnawati H. ANI M. HASAN Ani M. Hasan Ani M. Hasan Ani M. Hasan Ani M. Hasan Apriliyanti Mohulaingo Aryati Abdul Asep S. Abdurrahmat Asniawati Zainuddin Asniwati Zainuddin Budy Santosa Budy Santoso Chairunnisah J Lamangantjo Chairunnisah J Lamangantjo Citra Leonita Matalauni Cono, Titi Hawanda Metania Dama, Dewi Rahayu Danial Mohamad Devi Bunga Pagalla Dewi Farhamni Dewi Wahyuni K Baderan Dewi Wahyuni K. Baderan Djuna, Lamondo Eka Zahra Solikahan Eman Rahim ENDANG S. SOETARTO ENDANG SUTARININGSIH SOETARTO ENDANG SUTARININGSIH SOETARTO Fatma Novriyanti Abdul febriyanti febriyanti Febriyanti Febriyanti Frida Maryati Yusuf Harista Agustina HASAN, ANI M. Hayatiningsih Gubali Herinda Mardin Husain, Ilyas Ilyas Husain Ilyas Husain Ilyas Husain Indra Domili Irsan, Mohamad Ismail, Lilis U. Jusna Ahmad Jusran Jusran Kristina Dwi , Wulandari LANGKAH SEMBIRING LANGKAH SEMBIRING Latifa Tangkudung Ledy Mutmainah Y Syahril Lilan Dama Magfirahtul Jannah Mamu, Hartono Margaretha Solang Masra Latjompoh Moha, Tri Vinesa Mohamad Ikbal Riski Danial Muh Ikram Nur Muh. Nur Akbar Muhammad Isra Muhammad Isra Muhlis Muhlis Mustaqimah, Nur Nazifah R Adam Noer Fahnessa Dako Nona Wingti Posangi Novian Swasono Hadi NOVRI YOULA KANDOWANGKO NOVRI YOULA KANDOWANGKO Novri Youla Kandowangko Novri Youla Kandowangko Nur Afni Machmud Nur'ain Marton Angio Nurdin . Nurfadhlia Djafar Nurhayati Bialangi Nurinda Umadji Nurul Fajryani Usman Pangalo, Paulus PENI ULFIANI Pobela, Juliani Putri, Tarissa Eka Radina I. Timumun Rahmatiya, Rahmatiya Ramli Utina Riskanarti K. Lihaawa Risnayanti R Juramang Rulan U. Mustapa Salma Puasa Sela Restia Tangahu Siti Ainun Mabuia Siti Humairah Eka Putri SORAYA FITRIA NASIR Sri Delviyanti Lihawa Sri Yulianti Hadji Suaiba, Zachrianty SUKARTI MOELJOPAWIRO Sukarti Moeljopawiro SUKARTI MOELJOPAWIRO Sukirman Rahim Syam S. Kumaji Syapril, Syapril Tadidik, Ulfaida H. Tjut S. Djohan TJUT SUGANDAWATY DJOHAN TJUT SUGANDAWATY DJOHAN Torana, Melanie Triska Wahyuni Dawit Vivien Novariana Vrilianika Vrilianika Wawan Pembengo Widya Rahmawaty Saman Wirnangsi D Uno Wirnangsi D Uno Wirnangsi D Uno Wirnangsi D. Uno Wirnangsi D. Uno Wirnangsi D. Uno Wirnangsi D.Uno Wirnangsi Din Uno Wirnangsi Din, Uno Wirnangsih D. Uno Yulianti Humokor Yuniyarti Hulu Yusriyah Yusriyah