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KEKUASAAN KEHAKIMAN DALAM ISLAM DAN APLIKASINYA DI INDONESIA Sultan, Lomba
Al-Ulum Vol 13, No 2 (2013): Al-Ulum
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Sultan Amai Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (220.681 KB)

Abstract

Konteks ketatanegaraan Islam mengenal tiga badan kekuasaan negara, yaitu kekuasaan eksekutif (sulthah tanfiziyah), kekuasaan legislatif (sulthah tasyri`iyah), dan kekuasaan kehakiman (sulthah qadha`iyah). Pada masa Rasullah ketiganya menyatu pada satu wilayah kekuasaan, namun pada masa Khalifah Umar bin Khattab, kekuasaan kehakiman mulai terpisah disebabkan wilayah Islam telah meluas keluar semenanjung Arabiah. Selanjutnya pada masa Umar bin Abdul Azis, kekuasaan kehakiman—terutama wilayah al-hisbah dan al-mazalim betul-betul dapat ditegakkan dengan baik sesuai rasa keadilan masyarakat. Hal itu terjadi karena penegakan hukum dilakukan tanpa ada tebang pilih antara satu dengan lainnya. Jika dua wilayah dapat pula diterapkan di Indonesia, selain lembaga peradilan yang telah ada di bawah Mahkamah Agung, yaitu Peradilan Umum, Peradilan Agama, Peradilan Militer, dan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara, maka carut marut penegakan hukum dan keadilan dapat teratasi sesuai harapan masyarakat. ---------------------------- Islamic constitution context recognizes three agencies of state power, namely: the executive power (sulthah tanfiziyah), the legislative power (sulthah tasyri `iyah), and the judicial power (sulthah qadha` iyah). During the Rasulullah periods, all three agencies concetrated on one region of power; but during the Khalifah Umar Bin Khattab, the judicial power begin separate caused the Islamic region extends out Arabiah peninsula. Furthermore during the Umar bin Abdul Aziz regime, judicial power especially al-hisbah and al-mazalim can really be enforced in accordance with good public sense of justice. It happened because the law enforcement wer implemented without any selective with each other. Therefore, if the two kind of agencies can also be applied in Indonesia, besides the existing judicial institutions under the Supreme Court that the General Court, the Religious Courts, Military Justice, and State Administrative Court, then the problem of law enforcement and justice can be resolved according to expectations of society.
PENEGAKAN KEADILAN HAKIM DALAM PRESPEKTIF ALQURAN Sultan, Lomba
Jurnal Al-Qadau Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Hukum perkawinan
Publisher : Jurnal Al-Qadau

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Abstract

Pada dasarnya setiap manusia mendambakan adanya perlakuan secara benar dan adil. Itulah sebabnya,  institusi peradilan sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat, baik yang masih kehidupannya sangat  terbelakang, maupun masyarakat yang telah mengalami kemajuan. Dengan demikian, tidak ada manusia yang ingin diperlakukan haknya secara  sewenang-wenang, baik yang berkaitan dengan hak material maupun non-material.Alquran yang merupakan sumber hukum Islam utama, tentunya harus menjadi pegangan bagi setiap umat Islam, khususnya para penegak hukum untuk  menegakkan kebenaran dan keadilan di tengah-tengah pencari keadilan  tanpa ada tebang pilih antara satu dengan lainnya.   Jika kebenaran dan keadilan dapat ditegakkan dengan sebaik-baiknya sesuai prinsip-prinsip dalam ajaran Islam,  maka akan tercipta kedamaian dan kesejahteraan di dalam masyarakat. Hal tersebut sesuai maksud Tuhan menurunkan syariat Islam kepada umat manusia, yakni terciptanya kemaslahatan umum, dan menghindari terjadinya kemudaratan di tengah-tengah masyarakat.
Perspectives from Islamic Law on the Muhammadiyah Central Leadership's Tarjih Council and Its Significance for Religious Moderation Umar, Marzuki; Sultan, Lomba; L, Sudirman; Ridwan, Muhammad Saleh; Syamsuddin, Darussalam; Idrus, Achmad Musyahid
Journal of Modern Islamic Studies and Civilization Том 2 № 01 (2024): Journal of Modern Islamic Studies and Civilization
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/jmisc.v2i01.517

Abstract

The research aims to explain and analyse the views of the Muhammadiyah central leadership assembly and its relevance to religious moderation. The method used in this research is a literature study that examines legal products produced by the Tarjih Council and in-depth interviews with Muhammadiyah's central and regional leaders regarding their views on religious moderation. This research shows that the Muhammadiyah central leadership tarjih council has provided moderate and flexible legal thinking. The legal products produced by the tarjih assembly have provided much knowledge to the public about how to act pretty, not easily blame others for differing opinions, be open to giving input, live side by side, be non-violent and prioritise the power of reason in looking at problems. This research concludes that the Muhammadiyah Tarjih Council's views align with the concept of moderation currently being developed by the Ministry of Religion.
TRADISI NIPANRASAI TERHADAP KASUS SILARIANG PERSPEKTIF ‘URF DI DESA SAMATARING, KECAMATAN KELARA, KABUPATEN JENEPONTO Desemriany, Siti Sharah; Sultan, Lomba
Shautuna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Perbandingan Mazhab Vol. 1, No. 3, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/shautuna.v1i3.15463

Abstract

Abstrak Artikel ini betujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tradisi nipanrasai terhadap kasus silariang khususnya pada masyarakat Desa Samataring, Kecamatan Kelara, Kabupaten Jeneponto. Jenis atau metode penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian kualitatif memiliki tiga kunci utama yaitu mengambil fakta berdasarkan pemahaman subjek, hasil pengamatan secara rinci dan berupaya menemukan hasil teoritis baru yang jauh dari teori yang telah ada. Penelitian kualitatif atau yang dikenal dengan penelitian lapangan, dimulai dari observasi, kemudian melakukan wawancara dengan masyarakat untuk memperoleh data atau informasi yang akurat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Desa Samataring masih ada yang mempertahankan tradisi nipanrasai karena menganggap bahwa tradisi tersebut bertujuan untuk mendidik seseorang dengan diberi rasa jera jika melanggar adat yang berlaku. Ada tiga faktor penyebab terjadinya kasus silariang di Desa Samataring, Kecamatan Kelara, Kabupaten Jeneponto yaitu faktor perjodohan, faktor ekonomi, dan faktor hamil luar nikah. Kemudian penerapan ‘urf dipandang melalui ‘urf shahih yang berarti kebiasaan yang sudah menjadi tradisi masyarakat dan tidak bertentangan dengan hukum islam walaupun adanya unsur kekerasan namun itu bertujuan untuk memberi rasa jera kepada pelanggarnya dan tidak dalam unsur emosional. Kata Kunci : Nipanrasai; Silariang; ‘Urf. Abstract This article aims to find out how the nipanrasai tradition is in the case of elopement, especially in the people of Samataring Village, Kelara District, Jeneponto Regency.. This type or research method is a qualitative research method. Qualitative research has three main keys, namely taking facts based on the understanding of the subject, the results of detailed observations and trying to find new theoretical results that are far from existing theories. Qualitative research or what is known as field research, starts with observation, then conducts interviews with the community to obtain accurate data or information.The results of this study indicate that the people of Samataring Village still maintain the nipanrasai tradition because they think that this tradition aims to educate someone by being given a sense of deterrence if they violate the prevailing customs. There are three factors that cause the case of elopement in Samataring Village, Kelara District, Jeneponto Regency, namely matchmaking factors, economic factors, and extramarital pregnancy factors. Then the application of 'urf is seen through' urf shahih, which means a habit that has become a community tradition and does not contradict Islamic law even though there is an element of violence but it aims to provide a sense of deterrence to the offender and not in an emotional element. Keywords: Nipanrasai, Eloping, ‘Urf 
Kedudukan Akal dan Wahyu dalam Islam dan Fungsinya sebagai Al-Syifa’ pada Gangguan Kejiwaan Pramono, Didik; Sultan, Lomba; Kurniati
JURNAL ILMIAH FALSAFAH: Jurnal Kajian Filsafat, Teologi dan Humaniora Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): JURNAL ILMIAH FALSAFAH
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Sultan Muhammaad Syafiuddin Sambas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37567/jif.v10i1.2472

Abstract

This article discusses the struggle for the role of reason and revelation in the treatment of mental disorders. This article attempts to find points of contact and points of difference between revelation and reason in the treatment of crazy people. This research includes qualitative type of library research. The data comes from various relevant journal and book sources. Based on this study, it is concluded that reason is the standard for someone to be given a burden/taklif or a law. People whose minds are disturbed so that they are unable to differentiate between good and bad are called mentally disturbed people. Treatment and treatment of mental disorders and illnesses can include self-control, simplicity of life, staying away from bad morals, and making reason the essence of oneself. The revelation approach can also be taken by using the Al-Qur'an as medicine.
Konsep Maslahat dalam Pandangan Imam Malik, Al Ghazali, dan Al Tufiy Sutikno, Sutikno; Kurniati, Kurniati; Sultan, Lomba
Al-Mashlahah: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Vol 11 No 01 (2023): Al-Mashlahah: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Islam
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al Hidayah Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30868/am.v11i01.3908

Abstract

 Maṣlaḥat  adalah sebuah produk pemikiran dari para ulama yang menggambarkan tentang kemahaadilan Tuhan dalam menurunkan syari’at kepada mukallaf. Sedemikian pentingnya maṣlaḥat ini sehingga para ulama banyak berbicara tentang dalam konteks menyetujuinya dan sebagian lainnya masih mengkaji ulang eksistensinya dalam syari’at. Maṣlaḥat  bukanlah dalil yang qaṭ’iy dan ia juga bukan merupakan dalil yang ẓannīy.  Ia hanyalah dalil ijtihadi yang secara mendasar melingkupi aspek-aspek penetapan hukum (al-tasyri’) dan menjadi kajian intens ketika mukallaf  menuntut keadilan Tuhan dan  ketika mukallaf  itu dimintai keterangan dan pertanggungjawaban perbuatannya. Diskursus ulama seputar maṣlaḥat telah berkembang dan mengantar mereka pada tahapan berbeda pendapat.
PENGANGKATAN ANAK BAGI ORANG TUA DITINGGAL MATI SUAMI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM Edi Ardiansa; Sultan, Lomba; Fajri, Muhammad
Qadauna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 5 No 1
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/qadauna.v5i1.35463

Abstract

This study discusses the adoption of children abandoned by their husbands from the perspective of Islamic law at the Sungguminasa Religious Court. The discussion in this study is (1) what are the legal considerations by the judge in determining the adoption of a child whose husband has died? (2) What is the review of Islamic law regarding the adoption of children by parents who have been left behind by their husbands? This research includes field research, namely qualitative field research with a research approach used is a normative-juridical approach, namely a research based on a legal provision and phenomena or events that occur in the field. Furthermore, to obtain data on this issue, the data collection methods used were interviews, documentation, library research and field research. Then, the data obtained was then analyzed and concluded. The results of this study indicate that legal considerations by judges in determining the adoption of children whose husbands have died (a case study at the Sungguminasa Religious Court), granting custody of their own children to applicants is a matter of the jurisdiction of the district court and religious court, which have been decided by the judge of the religious court based on evidence who had been asked to then be used as a basis and saw from both parties the applicant and the respondent whose child was later adopted by his own brother. The judge of the religious court refers to the rules and KHI of Islamic law to give a decision to the applicant so that the request is granted on the basis of the factor that the applicant has never been blessed with children until then her husband dies and a child is married as the heir of the family.
REKONSTRUKSI LITERATUR SISTEM POLITIK DAN NEGARA IBNU TAIMIYAH Saende, Zubair Rahman; Sultan, Lomba; Asni
ISTIQRA: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023): Januari - Juni 2023
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LP2M) UIN Datokarama Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24239/ist.v11i1.2048

Abstract

This research aims to explain Ibn Taymiyah's political thought in the history of Islamic politics and its implications for current Islamic political thought. especially the social setting that forms the basis of Ibn Taymiyah's thoughts about the political system and state offered by Ibn Taimiyah, and whether his theory is still relevant to current socio-political conditions. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a type of library research, the approach used is historical-critical-philosophical, then the data sources in the research are primary and secondary data. Based on the data that has been collected and analyzed, the conclusions of this research show that Ibn Taymiyah with his courage abolished/rejected the leadership system of the caliphate and imamate, with his thesis that the regime upheld by the prophet was the nubuwwah regime and not the imamate, while the new imamate existed after the prophet died. shows that he has revolutionary and reformist ideas. He didn't want people to just be objects in a state, but he wanted people to be subjects of a state. For Ibnu Taymiyah, the mechanism/system for appointing the head of state is not very important, what is important is that the person occupying the position must be truly trustworthy and fair. Ibn Taimiyah required two things for a head of state, namely having the qualifications of strength (al-quwwah) and integrity (al-amanat). Strength and integrity are obtained through the mubaya'ah (oath of allegiance) given by the ahl al-Syawkah.
THE SUPERVISION OF THE INTERNAL GOVERNMENT INTERNAL SUPERVISORY APPARATUS (APIP) ON THE ABUSE OF AUTHORITY IN GOVERNMENTAL POSITIONS IN JENEPONTO REGENCY Mustaufiq, Mustaufiq; Sultan, Lomba; Ridwan, Muh. Saleh; Hasan, Hamzah
ANAYASA : Journal of Legal Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): ANAYASA
Publisher : PT. Altin Riset Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61397/ays.v2i1.192

Abstract

The objective of this research was to examine the oversight conducted by the Government's Internal Control Apparatus (APIP) regarding the misuse of official authority within the Jeneponto District Government. This research employs a qualitative methodology with a sociological research approach. The informants include the Auditor of the Jeneponto Regency Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus, the Head of the Sub-Division of Discipline Development, Welfare, and Facilitation of the ASN Profession at the Jeneponto Regency Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM), the Secretary and Acting Head of Treasury at the Jeneponto Regency Financial and Asset Management Agency, the Head of Budget at the Jeneponto Regency Financial and Asset Management Agency, and the Regent of Jeneponto. Data collection methods encompass observation, interviews, and documentation. Subsequently, the techniques for processing and analyzing data are executed through three distinct phases: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The outcomes indicate that: 1) The supervision by the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) over the abuse of authority in the Jeneponto Regency Government is not fully optimizing APIP's role in supervising, guiding, evaluating, and monitoring the duties and functions of regional apparatuses in the execution of bureaucratic activities. This is evidenced by the presence of several civil servants who have been implicated and directly involved in legal proceedings due to exceeding their official authority. 2) There is a shortage of qualified auditors, with the current number of personnel being insufficient relative to the number of civil servants requiring oversight across 11 sub-districts and 113 villages.
LOGIKA ISTIṢLĀḤI DALAM MENYELESAIKAN PERSOALAN HUKUM KONTEMPORER S, Samsidar; Musyahid, Achmad; Sultan, Lomba
Ekspose: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum dan Pendidikan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024): Juni
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Bone

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30863/ekspose.v23i1.6439

Abstract

Perkembangan zaman dan kemajuan teknologi telah melahirkan berbagai persoalan hukum baru yang belum ditemui pada masa lampau. Dalam menjawab tantangan ini, para ulama Muslim dituntut untuk menerapkan pendekatan yang dinamis dan kontekstual dalam istinbāṭ (penggalian) hukum Islam. Dimana kehidupan manusia bersifat dinamis bergerak maju menuju perubahan dalam berbagai aspek, disisi lain al-Qur’an dan hadis secara  kuantitatif terbatas jumlahnya untuk menjawab persoalan baru maka diperlukan teori penemuan hukum yang sesuai tuntutan dinamika sosial Salah satu pendekatan yang relevan adalah logika istiṣlāḥi (pertimbangan kemaslahatan). Logika istiṣlāḥi merupakan metodologi pengambilan keputusan hukum yang berlandaskan pada pencapaian kemaslahatan (maṣlaḥah) dan pencegahan kerusakan (sadd al-dzarā'i'). Pendekatan ini mengintegrasikan tujuan-tujuan syariat (maqāṣid al-syarī'ah) dengan realitas kontemporer untuk menghasilkan hukum yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan zaman. Dalam menyelesaikan persoalan hukum kontemporer, logika istiṣlāḥi menempuh beberapa langkah, antara lain: (1) mengidentifikasi persoalan hukum baru dan memahami konteksnya; (2) menganalisis dampak positif dan negatif dari berbagai alternatif solusi; (3) menimbang antara manfaat dan mudharat yang akan timbul; dan (4) memutuskan hukum yang paling sesuai untuk mewujudkan kemaslahatan umum. mempertimbangkan kondisi dan situasi, hingga mencermati alasan (‘illah ḥukum) tersebut
Co-Authors A, Azman abdi, ananda abdi Abdul Halim Talli Achmad Musyahid Idrus, Achmad Musyahid Achmad Musyahid, Achmad Achmad, Muhammad Thamrin Thamrin Ahimsah, Muhammad Syahril Ahmad Arief Alamsyah, Tahwin Aliah, Khairun Inayah Alis, Sulfi Amin, Abd. Rauf Muhammad Amirullah -, Amirullah Amrullah, Salam ASNI Azra, Azni Bakence, Lutfi Bakri, Muammar Muhammad Desemriany, Siti Sharah Didik Pramono, Didik DL, Rahmatiah Edi Ardiansa esse, indo fatimah Fatimah Fatmawati - Fatmawati F, Fatmawati Fatmawati, Fatmawati Fitrah, A. Nurhafidhah Fitri Ningsih, Fitri Halimang, St Hamsir Hamsir Hamzah Hasan, Hamzah Hasim, Hasanuddin Heriana, Heriana Hilal, Fatmawati HL, Rahmatiah Ikhsan, Muh Ikram, Muhammad Furqanul Jasmin, Suriah Pebriyani Juhari, Andi Rezal Kadir, Muh.Awaluddin Kurniati Kurniati Kurniati Larissa, Dea Mahfud Mahfud Mubarak, Muhammad Hilal Muhammad Aswad Muhammad Fajri Muhammad Shuhufi, Muhammad Mustaufiq, Mustaufiq MUSYAHID, AHMAD Mutmainnah, Iin Nur, Irayanti Nurlina Nurlina Nursalam Nursalam NURUL AZIZAH Pratiwi, Haerani Rahmaniar Rahmaniar, Rahmaniar Rian Hidayat Ridwan, Muh. Saleh Ridwan, Muhammad Saleh Risnawati Risnawati Rohim, M. Yusuf Nur S, Samsidar Saende, Zubair Rahman Said, Marwah Khumaerah Saleh Ridwan, Saleh Sari, Muspita Sohrah Sohrah, Sohrah Sudirman L, Sudirman Suhartati Supardin Supardin, Supardin Sutikno Sutikno Syamsuddin, Darussalam Syamsuddin, Rahman Syarif, Muhammad Fazlurrahman Syatar, Abdul Taher, Muhammad Rafli HI Umar, Marzuki Wulandari, Ulfah Yunita Zarah, M. Miswar