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All Journal Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Science Jurnal Sain Veteriner Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Media Farmasi : Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi (Journal Of Pharmaceutical Science) Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik (Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Pharmacy) Majalah Obat Tradisional Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas Jurnal SOLMA Media Farmasi MAGNA MEDICA: Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Journals of Ners Community FITOFARMAKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia Jurnal Ilmiah Cendekia Eksakta Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari SINTA Journal (Science, Technology, and Agricultural) JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Jurnal Farmasi Klinik dan Sains Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia KESMAS UWIGAMA: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Journal of Pharmascience
Sapto Yuliani
Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Veterinary Other

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Inhibitory activity of Carica pubescens leaf extract on cyclooxygenase: anti-inflammatory prospects of natural substances Sapto Yuliani; Anggoro Wicaksono; Citra Ariani Edityaningrum; Nuri Ari Efiana; Any Guntarti; Sugiyanto; Mustofa Ahda
Pharmaciana Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v16i2.31419

Abstract

Inflammation represents a multifaceted biological reaction that plays a significant role in a variety of chronic pathological conditions and the search for natural anti-inflammatory agents remains a significant focus of pharmacological research. The objective of this study was to assess the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of an ethanolic extract from the leaf of Carica pubescens (C. pubescens) by examining its effects on cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme inhibition and conducting protein denaturation assays. An ethanolic extract of the leaf was prepared through maceration using 96% ethanol. Phytochemical screening conducted qualitatively demonstrated that the extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis was performed to further identify flavonoids, with quercetin used as the reference standard. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for assessing inhibitory effects on COX-1 and COX-2 and a bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation assay. The chromatographic profile of the 96% ethanolic Carica pubescens leaf extract (CPLE 96%) showed a distinct spot with an Rf value comparable to that of quercetin under visible and ultraviolet observation, indicating the presence of quercetin-like flavonoid constituents. The CPLE 96% demonstrated potent, dose-dependent inhibition in both assays. In the protein denaturation assay, the CPLE 96% (100 µg/mL) showed 78.5 ± 2.9 % inhibition, significantly higher than ibuprofen (71.8 ± 2.0 %) and slightly lower than meloxicam (88.4 ± 0.9 %). In the COX inhibition assay, the CPLE 96% exhibited non-selective inhibition with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 50.42 ± 0.54 µg/mL for COX-1 and 51.18 ± 0.61 µg/mL for COX-2 (Selectivity Index = 0.985 ± 0.017). The findings provide substantial scientific validation for the ethnomedicinal use of C. pubescens, highlighting its dual-acting anti-inflammatory mechanism by inhibiting key inflammatory enzymes and preventing protein denaturation. The extract shows significant potential as a source for developing natural anti-inflammatory therapeutics, warranting further investigation to isolate the active constituents and conduct in vivo studies.
Effect of Avocado Leaf Ethanol Extract Gel (Persea americana Mill) on Healing Diabetic Wounds Wahyu Widyaningsih; Sapto Yuliani; Fairuz Khairunnisa Anasyua; Tasya Bahagia; Risma Yuliawanti
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 14, No 2 (2026): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.25562

Abstract

Diabetic wounds are a major clinical challenge due to delayed healing and increased complication risks. Ethanol extract of avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) has previously shown promise in enhancing tissue regeneration in diabetic wounds, but its potential in gel form remains untested. This study aimed to develop an avocado leaf ethanol extract-based gel and evaluate its woundhealing potential in diabetic mice. Avocado leaves were extracted using 70% ethanol and formulated into a gel, which was evaluated for physical properties and topical suitability. Diabetic mice were divided into five groups: normal control, negative control (gel base), positive control (bioplacenton), and two treatment groups (5% and 10% gel). Diabetes was induced using alloxan (150 mg/kg BW), followed by wound induction and treatment. Wound healing was assessed through visual assessment, wound diameter reduction, and healing duration. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with a 95% confidence level. Results showed the gel meets physical properties (pH test, organoleptic test, homogeneity test, spreadability test) and significantly improved wound healing in diabetic mice. The 5% gel demonstrated wound-healing activity due to bioactive compounds such as saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Further analysis is needed to identify the specific components responsible for the healing effects, highlighting the gel’s potential for diabetic wound treatment.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Toksisitas Akut Kombinasi Ekstrak Biji Kebiul (Caesalpinia Bonduc (L.) Roxb) Dan Bajakah Jie Xue Teng (Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn) Serta Formulasi Kapsul Yohana Laura Silfia Pora; Sapto Yuliani; Nurfina Aznam; Sri Mulyaningsih
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i2.1306

Abstract

Introduction: Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of various degenerative diseases, necessitating effective and safe sources of natural antioxidants. The plants kebiul (Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.) and bajakah jie xue teng (Spatholobus suberectus Dunn) are known to possess antioxidant potential; however, the activity of their combination has not been extensively reported. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity, acute toxicity, and capsule formulation of a combination of 70% ethanol extracts of kebiul seeds and bajakah jie xue teng. Methods: Extraction was performed by maceration using 70% ethanol. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, while antioxidant activity was assayed using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method. Extract combinations at ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1 were tested to obtain the lowest IC₅₀ value. An acute toxicity test was conducted on female Swiss mice following the OECD 423 (Acute Toxic Class) guideline at doses of 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight. The combination with the best antioxidant activity was then formulated into capsules and evaluated for physical quality. Results: The total phenolic content of bajakah jie xue teng extract (47.499 mg GAE/g) was higher than that of kebiul seed extract (16.554 mg GAE/g). The antioxidant activity of kebiul seed extract and bajakah jie xue teng extract showed IC₅₀ values of 125.271 ppm and 86.036 ppm, respectively. The extract combination at a 1:3 ratio exhibited the best antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ value of 36.434 ppm, which was superior to the 1:1 (78.371 ppm) and 3:1 (52.889 ppm) ratios. The acute toxicity test revealed no signs of toxicity or mortality up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg BW, classifying the combination as Category 5 (unclassified) with an estimated LD₅₀ > 2000 mg/kg BW. The capsule formulation met the physical quality requirements, with granule moisture content of 6.13%, an angle of repose of 24°, weight uniformity within the specified limits, and a disintegration time of 11 minutes and 12 seconds. Conclusion: The combination of kebiul seed and bajakah jie xue teng extracts at a 1:3 ratio demonstrated higher antioxidant activity than the single extracts, exhibited a very low acute toxicity profile, and was successfully formulated into capsules with good physical quality. This combination holds promise for development as an effective and safe natural antioxidant source.
Analisis Kadar Senyawa Bioaktif dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Beras Hitam (Oryza sativa L. indica) dan Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata L.) Imelda Afriana Putri; Any Guntarti; Sapto Yuliani; Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i2.1312

Abstract

Introduction: Excessive free radicals can induce oxidative stress and contribute to the pathogenesis of various degenerative diseases, necessitating the availability of effective antioxidants. Black rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) and mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) are recognized as rich sources of bioactive compounds with prospective antioxidant properties. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the bioactive compound content and antioxidant activity of black rice and mung bean extracts. Methods: Extraction was performed using maceration with 80% ethanol containing 3% citric acid for black rice and 70% ethanol for mung bean. Total anthocyanin and total polyphenol contents were determined in black rice extract, while total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were analyzed in mung bean extract. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. Results: Black rice extract exhibited total anthocyanin content of 0.802 ± 0.009 mg/g and total polyphenol content of 7.798 ± 0.178 mg GAE/g. Mung bean extract demonstrated total polyphenol content of 15.113 ± 0.396 mg GAE/g and total flavonoid content of 11.052 ± 0.243 mg QE/g. The DPPH assay revealed IC₅₀ values of 3.252 ± 0.269 ppm for vitamin C, 76.692 ± 2.250 ppm for black rice extract, and 102.130 ± 2.268 ppm for mung bean extract. Conclusion: Black rice extract exhibited superior antioxidant activity compared to mung bean extract, as indicated by its lower IC₅₀ value. Both extracts demonstrated moderate to strong antioxidant potential, suggesting their promising application as natural antioxidant sources for functional food development.
Co-Authors Adhi Gunawan Adi Permadi, Adi Ainiyah, Nadia Putri Aisha Raihana Anasyua, Fairuz Khairunnisa Anggoro Wicaksono Anggraeni, Linda Suci Any Guntarti Any Guntarti Arif Budi Setianto Arsyannur Pratiwi Aspamufita, Nuroh Ayu Shabrina Ayu Wulandari Azali, Aulia Syafadilla Bachri, Mochammad Saiful Bahagia, Tasya Botutihe, Lisa Agustina Citra Ariani Edityaningrum Daffara Kinanthi Lustikaiswi Daipadli Daipadli Danang Prasetyaning Amukti Dandy Annas Muttaqien Davit Nugraha Desi Ambarwati Desi Iswahyuni Didik Yuni Prasetya Dwi Utami Elmi Rahmadani Enti Rikomah, Setya Fairuz Zahroh Fitri Rahmawanti Galuh Rista Putri Gina Lestari Gina Lestari, Gina Gunawan, Adhi Handayani, Tiara Rizki Handayani, Tiara Rizki Hartati, Meity Hasana, Siti Nur Ibdal Satar Iis Wahyuningsih Imelda Afriana Putri Intan Dwi Rahmita Khozanatul Ulwy Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko, Kintoko Laela Hayu Nurani Lasanudin, Rindi Ibrahim Leni Setiani Lily Noor Falah Lily Noor Falah Ma'ruf, Muhammad Magfirah Septiani Yusuf Maghfirah, Rahmayani Maysara, Risha Moch Saiful Bachri Moch Saiful Bachri Moch. Saiful Bachri Mochammad Saiful Bachri Muhammad Alfian, Muhammad Muhammad Ma'ruf Muhammad Marwan Ramadhan Muhammad Nuh Muhammad Yusron Maulana El-Yunusi Mustofa Ahda Nadia Putri Ainiyah Nadia Selvia Najini, Robby Ningrum, Lailatul Fitria Nining Sugihartini Nur Mahdi Nurfina Aznam Nuri Ari Efiana Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah Mahfudh Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah Nuroh Aspamufita Paneri, Jerry Dwi Pelita, Putri Dina Permadi, Adi Putri Dina Pelita Rabiatul Adawiyah Rahmah Annura Rahmah Niar Ulfah Rahmawati, Dhea Rahmayani Maghfirah Ratih Saridewi Reka Rukmiati Rifka Salsabila Rikadyanti Rikadyanti Rindi Ibrahim Lasanudin Risha Maysara Risha Maysara Risma Yuliawanti Robby Najini Safira, Rizka Safwan Safwan Saraswati, Yasti Rizkandar Sari, Eka Anisa Satar, Ibdal Siti Nur Hasana Sofina Rahmadita Sri Mulyaningsih Sri Mulyaningsih Suci Kurniati Sugiyanto Suwidjiyo Pramono Tasya Bahagia Tiara Rizki Handayani Ulfa Ramdhani M Uswatun Chasanah Vivi Sofia Vivi Sophia Wahyu Widyaningsih Wahyu Widyaningsih Wahyu Widyaningsih Wahyu Widyaningsih Wardhani, Firdha Aprillia Yohana Laura Silfia Pora Yuliawanti, Risma