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UJI AKTIVITAS SUSPENSI SERBUK SPIRULINA PLATENSIS TERHADAP KADAR HORMON TESTOSTERON DAN HISTOPATOLOGIK TESTIS TIKUS WISTAR DIABETES YANG DIINDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN Gunawan, Adhi; Kintoko, Kintoko; Yuliani, Sapto; Shabrina, Ayu
CENDEKIA EKSAKTA Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/ce.v6i1.4402

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit metabolik yang dapat mengganggu fungsi reproduksi pada pria yaitu penurunan kadar hormon testosteron dan kerusakan jaringan testis. Spirulina platensis mengandung fikosianin sebagai antioksidan yang efektif untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah dan kerusakan organ reproduksi pria. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek Spirulina platensis (SP) terhadap kadar hormon testosteron serta gambaran histopatologik testis tikus jantan diabetes yang diinduksi Streptozotocin (STZ). Tikus dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yang terdiri dari K1 (tikus diberikan suspensi CMC-Na), K2 (tikus yang diinduksi STZ dosis tunggal 45 mg/kgBB), K3 (tikus diberikan suspensi SP 36 mg/200gBB), kelompok 4; 5 dan 6 (tikus diabetes diberikan suspensi SP 36 mg/200kgBB; 72 mg/200gBB dan 144 mg/200gBB). Penelitian dilakukan selama 28 hari dengan parameter yang diamati adalah kadar gula darah, kadar testosteron dan gambaran histopatologik testis dengan Hematoksilin - Eosin (HE). Hasil peneltian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelompok perlakuan dengan Spirulina platensis mampu meningkatkan kadar hormon testosteron yaitu 0,82 µG/mL, 1,13 µG/mL dan 1,66 µG/mL (p < 0,05) dibandingkan kelompok tikus diabetes. Spirulina platensis juga mampu mencegah kerusakan epitel tubulus seminferus pada testis dibandingkan kelompok diabetes. Pada hewan uji yang diberikan dosis 144 mg/kgBB memberikan aktivitas paling baik dalam menghambat kerusakan jaringan testis disebabkan oleh induksi STZ. Kata kunci: diabetes mellitus, gangguan reproduksi, hormon testosteron, Spirulina platensis
Purple Yam (Dioscorea alata) Extract Increasing Dopamine Levels and Improving the Brain's Microscopic Features in Parkinson's Model Mice Yuliani, Sapto; Utami, Dwi; Nurani, Laela Hayu; Ramadhan, Muhammad Marwan; Ainiyah, Nadia Putri; Bachri, Mochammad Saiful; Widyaningsih, Wahyu; Amukti, Danang Prasetyaning
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i2.7267

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder, that causes progressive motor issues from the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Purple yam (Dioscorea alata), rich in anthocyanins, shows promise as a natural antioxidant and neuroprotectant. This study investigated the antiparkinsonian effects of D. alata extract on dopamine levels and brain microscopic features in a haloperidol-induced PD mouse model. Thirty-five male mice were randomly allocated into seven groups: normal (CMC-Na and aqua pro injection), haloperidol-induced negative control (CMC-Na), positive control (levodopa 39 mg/kgBW), curcumin (200 mg/kgBW), and D. alata extract-treated groups (100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW). Treatments were administered daily for seven days. On day 8, all groups, except the normal control, received an intraperitoneal injection of haloperidol (2 mg/kgBW) to induce Parkinsonism. Three hours post-haloperidol injection, dopamine levels were measured from orbital vein blood. Subsequently, brains were harvested for histological examination of the SNpc using Toluidine blue staining. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by LSD post-hoc tests. The 400 mg/kgBW dose of D. alata extracts significantly increased dopamine levels (p<0.05) compared to the negative control group. Microscopic analysis of the SNpc in mice treated with 400 mg/kgBW extract revealed preserved, dark, and solid neuronal morphology, with significantly higher scoring results (p<0.05) when compared to the levodopa-treated group. These findings suggest that D. alata extract, particularly at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW, exhibits potential antiparkinsonian activity by elevating dopamine levels and mitigating dopaminergic neuronal damage in a haloperidol-induced PD mouse model.
Antihypertensive Activity of Black Garlic Extract in Rats and Its Phytochemical Analysis using GC-MS Estiningsih, Daru; Saiful Bachri, Moch; Hayu Nurani, Laela; Ma’ruf, Muhammad; Yuliani, Sapto; Sofia, Vivi; Prasasti, Dian
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v12i12025.67-74

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is defined as a medical condition where blood pressure rises above 140/90 mmHg. Black garlic is recognized as a natural remedy that may help lower high blood pressure, primarily due to its abundant antioxidant properties, which are believed to inhibit the function of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) that is essential for regulating blood pressure. Objective: This study aimed to identify the chemical composition of black garlic using GC-MS and assess its antihypertensive effects in rat models. Methods: This study characterized the chemical composition of black garlic using GC-MS (Agilent 7890A) and evaluated its antihypertensive effects in rats. Hypertension was induced by oral administration of NaCl at a dose of 3.75 g/20 g body weight (BW) from day 0 to day 14. Blood pressure measurements were taken on days 0, 14, and 21. Black garlic extract was administered at three dose levels 4.2 mg/20 g BW, 8.4 mg/20 g BW, and 12.4 mg/20 g BW to evaluate dose dependent antihypertensive responses. Statistical analysis included the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality, homogeneity testing, One-Way ANOVA Results: The GC-MS analysis identified 9-octadecenoic acid as the dominant compound in black garlic, accounting for 34.53% of its total composition. The antihypertensive activity test showed that administering black garlic at a dose of 12.4 mg/20 g BW significantly lowered systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure while enhancing nitric oxide levels in hypertensive rats. Conclusion: Black garlic has the potential as an effective herbal treatment to lower blood pressure.
Potential Secondary Metabolites in Guava (Psidium guajava) Assisted by Radar Chart Analysis (RCA) and Area Under Curve (AUC) Cendekiawan, Khrisna Agung; Kintoko, Kintoko; Yuliani, Sapto; Anggraeni, Linda Suci
MAGNA MEDIKA Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26714/magnamed.12.2.2025.196-207

Abstract

Background:  Diarrhea is a common health problem worldwide, with causes ranging from microbial infections to gastrointestinal disorders. Conventional diarrhea treatments usually involve synthetic drugs, but medicinal plant-based therapies, such as those containing secondary metabolite compounds in guava leaves, show promising potential. In this systematic review, we aimed to identify potential metabolite compounds.Objective: In this systematic review, we aim to identify potential secondary metabolite compounds in medicinal plants with antidiarrheal effects and explore the biological mechanisms of action involved.Methods: Using a literature review, relevant articles were analyzed from reputable scientific databases.Results: The results of the review indicate that compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and saponins in guava leaves possess antidiarrheal potential, contributing to the regulation of intestinal motility, inhibition of inflammation, and alteration of the gut microbiota composition.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites can be a promising alternative for safer and more efficient antidiarrheal therapy.
EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI BUAH KEBIUL (Caesalpinia bonduc L. Roxb) TERHADAP BATU GINJAL TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY YANG DIINDUKSI ETILEN GLIKOL 0,75% DAN AMONIUM KLORIDA 2% Handayani, Tiara Rizki; Yuliani, Sapto
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 13 No. 2: September 2016
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v13i2.7774

Abstract

Penyakit ginjal dapat disebabkan karena ada pembentukan batu yang terbentuk dari komplek kalsium sehingga dapat mengganggu fungsi ginjal. Biji buah kebiul (Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb) mengandung flavonoid yang dapat mencegah pembentukan endapanbatu di ginjal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak etanolbiji buah kebiul pada batu ginjal tikus Sprague Dawley (SD) yang diinduksi etilen glikol 0,75% dan amonium klorida 2%. Sebanyak 30 ekor tikus, dewasa, jantan, dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yang mendapat perlakuan sebagai berikut: kontrol normal diberi akuades; kontrol sakit, diberi akuades; kontrol positif, diberi obat X dengan dosis 2,7 mL/kg BB, dan kelompok ekstrak diberi ekstrak biji kebiul dengan variasi dosis yaitu 250, 500, dan 1000 mg/kg BB. Induksi batu ginjal dilakukan dengan pemberian etilen glikol 0,75% dan amonium klorida 2% 2 jam setelah pemberian esktrak etanol biji buah kebiul dan obat X  selama 10 hari pada semua kelompok, kecuali kelompok normal. Efek terhadap batu ginjal ditentukan berdasarkan jumlah kalsium urin, kadar kreatinin dan ureum serum. Data jumlah kalsium yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan uji Kruskall Wallis dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Whitney, sedangkan data kreatinin dan ureum serum yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan one way ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD. Signifikansi hasil dinyatakan dengan p<0,05. Jumlah kalsium urin, kadar kreatinin dan ureum serum kelompok ekstrak tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0,05) dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol sakit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol biji buah kebiul dosis 250, 500 dan 1000 mg/kg BB tidak memberikan efek pada batu ginjal tikus SD yang diinduksi etilen glikol dan amonium klorida.
Optimization of thin layers of coated turmeric extract (Curcuma longa L) tablets using a dipping method Permadi, Adi; Yuliani, Sapto; Wahyuningsih, Iis; Satar, Ibdal
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 19 No. 1: March 2022
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v19i1.20130

Abstract

Turmeric extracts have many benefits, such as an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuro-protector for dementia. The turmeric extracts can be prepared in the form of a thin layer of coated tablets through a dipping method using the dip coating and Simplex lattice design (SLD) methods. The quality of the thin layers of coated tablets is much related to the formulation in the coating process. This research aims to formulate and optimize the coating composition of HPMC, PEG-400, and dip time. Consequently, the TSLT meets the standard requirements. The core tablets were made by using the wet granulation method with the formulation of turmeric extract, erosol, lactose, gelatin, and aquades. Before the core tablets had been produced, the eligibility of granules was initially evaluated based on the standard requirements. Subsequently, the core tablets that meet the standard requirements were printed and replicated. The coating processes on core tablets were performed by dipping into the coating solution in the various duration of dipping times: 5, 30, and 60 seconds. The coating solution consists of HPMC, PEG-400, glycerine, sunset yellow, and distillate water. Then, produced TSLTs were evaluated based on the hardness, friability, and disintegration time. The best optimization process for the mixture of HPMC and PEG-400 indicates a more positive value of R (R = 0.2024).
In Silico Study of the Potency of Purple Yam Anthocyanin Compounds (Dioscorea alata L.) As MAO-B and COMT Inhibitors in Parkinson's Disease Ramadhan, Muhammad Marwan; Utami, Dwi; Yuliani, Sapto
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 21 No. 1: March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v21i1.26076

Abstract

The purple yam plant (Dioscorea alata L.) is an economically important staple food for millions of people in tropical and subtropical regions. Dioscorea spp. anthocyanin chemicals have been demonstrated to have antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. The purpose of this study was to explore the potency of anthocyanin compounds in purple yam as antiparkinsonian agents via the monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) receptor (pdb: 2V5Z) and the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) receptor (pdb: 6I3C) using a molecular docking technique. The study was divided into four stages: (1) pharmacokinetic and Lipinski Rule evaluation, (2) protein (receptor) and ligand preparation, (3) docking method validation, and (4) molecular docking for MAO-B and COMT proteins. Pharmacokinetic prediction and Lipinski rule evaluation revealed that cyanidin, delphinidin, and delphinidin-3-glucoside had an ADMED profile and met Lipinski’s rule. The docking results showed that the binding energy (G) of the compounds cyanidin, delphinidin, and delphinidin-3-glucoside to the MAO-B receptor was lower (-9.50 kcal/mol) than that of the natural ligands ((-4.79 kcal/mol). The Cys172, Leu 171, Ile198, Phe168, Pro104, Trp119 and the 'gatekeeper' residue Ile199 are the amino acids that are majoring involved in MAO-B inhibitors. At the COMT receptor, all the tested compounds had a higher binding energy than native ligands (> -4.79 kcal/mol) except for Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside (-4.64 kcal/mol). The amino acids Trp143 and Pro174, ensure correct substrate orientation, Mg2+ ions, and cofactor SAM, as well as residues Lys144 and Glu199. In conclusion, this study showed that based on the molecular docking approach, the active compounds of purple yam namely cyanidin, delphinidin, and delphinidin-3-glucoside have the potential to be developed as anti-parkinsonian agents through MAO-B and COMT.
Combination of Spirulina platensis powder and Stichopus variegatus powder against Bcl2 expression in the hippocampus of dementia Rats Botutihe, Lisa Agustina; Safira, Rizka; Yuliani, Sapto; Kintoko, Kintoko
Pharmaciana Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v14i1.26205

Abstract

Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) and golden sea cucumber (Stichopus variegatus) are known to have antioxidant activity that has the potential to prevent neurodegeneration disease. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the combination of spirulina and golden sea cucumber on Bcl2 gene expression in pyramidal hippocampus cells of trimethyltin-induced dementia (TMT) rats. The study used Sprague Dawley rats  which were divided into 6 groups, namely the normal control group (CMC-Na and NaCl 0.9%), pain control (CMC-Na and TMT), positive control (citicoline dose 200 mg / kg and TMT) and test control injected with TMT and given a combination of spirulina and golden sea cucumber dose 200 mg/KgBB with three ratios namely 3: 1, 1: 1 and 1: 3. Extract and citicoline were given on day 1 to day 28, while TMT injection was given a single dose of 8 mg/KgBB on day 8. On the 36th day the rats were sacrificed, brains were removed and the right hemispherium cerebri was fed to 10% formalin in pbs. After 6 days the hippocampus was separated for immunohistochemical observation. The test result data was statistically analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test then followed by post hoc tukey to see the differences between groups. Results showed the combination of spirulina and golden sea cucumber can increase the expression of the Bcl2 gene in the hippocampus. The combination of spirulina and golden sea cucumber (ST1: 3) dose of 200 mg / kg body weight was able to increase hippocampus Bcl2 expression with the number of Bcl2 cell expression almost the same as citicoline in both CA1 and CA2-CA3 regions.
Effectiveness of the Combination of Spirulina platensis and Stichopus variegatus on Prevention of Caspase-3 Gene Expression of Dementia Rat Models Safira, Rizka; Botutihe, Lisa Agustina; Yuliani, Sapto; Kintoko, Kintoko
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.006051

Abstract

The death of cells in the brain, especially the hippocampus, manifests in a decrease in memory, language, and behavior. Golden sea cucumber (Stichopus variegatus) andblue-green algae (Spirulina platensis) are reported to have high antioxidant content which has the potential to prevent cell death in the brain due to oxidative stress thereby preventing memory decline.This study aimed to investigate the effect of the combination of Stichopus variegatus and Spirulina platensis on preventing caspase 3 gene expression in pyramidal hippocampal cells in a rat model of trimethlytin-induced dementia (TMT). This study used Sprague Dawley rats, about 2 months old, weighing 180-200 g, divided into 6 treatment groups, with each group consisting of 8 rats. The hippocampus was taken from the right cerebral hemisphere for histological observations of pyramidal caspase-3 gene expression in the CA1 and CA2-CA3 regions.The combination of Spirulina platensis and Stichopus variegatus with a dose 200 mg/kg BB can prevent the expression of caspase-3 in the CA1 and CA2-CA3 areas of the hippocampus. Conclusion: The combination of spirulina and golden sea cucumber extracts has the potential to prevent caspase 3 gene expression in pyramidal cells of TMT-induced dementia rat models. 
Sifat Fisika dan Kimia, Indeks Iritasi dan Aktivitas Anti-inflamasi dari Salep Minyak Atsiri Syzygium aromaticum dengan Penambahan Enhancer Alfian, Muhammad; Sugihartini, Nining; Yuliani, Sapto
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 21 No 2 (2023): JIFI
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v21i2.1385

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate how enhancers affect the properties of Syzygium aromaticum oil in both water-soluble and hydrocarbon bases. Physical and chemical characteristic tests, irritation index evaluations, and anti-inflammatory activity assessments were carried out to analyze the Syzygium aromaticum oil ointment. The pH tests were conducted to measure the chemical characteristics and viscosity, adhesivity, spreadability tests were conducted to measure the physical characteristics of the ointment. Rabbit-based tests were used to determine the irritation index, mice induced by crotton oil were used in anti-inflammatory activity assessments. The pH tests revealed no significant differences between both of ointments. The ointment in the water-soluble base had higher viscosity and adhesivity but lower spreadability than the ointment in the hydrocarbon base. The epidermis thickness of watersoluble and hydrocarbon-based ointments was 3.81±0.40 μm and 4.22±0.15 μm, while the number of cells with COX-2 expression was 18.24±6.51 and 21.01±5.96. The addition of enhancers did not cause any irritation in either ointment. The study concluded that the formula of Syzygium aromaticum oil in a water-soluble ointment with the addition of propylene glycol and oleic acid (70:30) as enhancers provided better physical and chemical characteristics, a lower irritation index, and higher anti-inflammatory activity compared to the hydrocarbon.
Co-Authors Adhi Gunawan Adi Permadi Adi Permadi, Adi Ainiyah, Nadia Putri Aisha Raihana Anggraeni, Linda Suci Arif Budi Setianto Arsyannur Pratiwi Aspamufita, Nuroh Ayu Shabrina Ayu Wulandari Azali, Aulia Syafadilla Bachri, Mochammad Saiful Botutihe, Lisa Agustina Daffara Kinanthi Lustikaiswi Daipadli Daipadli Danang Prasetyaning Amukti Dandy Annas Muttaqien Daru Estiningsih Davit Nugraha Desi Ambarwati Desi Iswahyuni Dian Prasasti Didik Yuni Prasetya Dwi Utami Elmi Rahmadani Enti Rikomah, Setya Fitri Rahmawanti Galuh Rista Putri Gina Lestari Gina Lestari, Gina Gunawan, Adhi Handayani, Tiara Rizki Handayani, Tiara Rizki Hari Susanti Hartati, Meity Hasana, Siti Nur Ibdal Satar Iis Wahyuningsih Intan Dwi Rahmita Khozanatul Ulwy Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko, Kintoko Laela Hayu Nurani Lasanudin, Rindi Ibrahim Leni Setiani Lily Noor Falah Lily Noor Falah Ma'ruf, Muhammad Magfirah Septiani Yusuf Maghfirah, Rahmayani Maysara, Risha Moch Saiful Bachri Moch Saiful Bachri Moch. Saiful Bachri Muhammad Alfian, Muhammad Muhammad Ma'ruf Muhammad Marwan Ramadhan Muhammad Nuh Muhammad Yusron Maulana El-Yunusi Nadia Putri Ainiyah Nadia Selvia Najini, Robby Ningrum, Lailatul Fitria Nining Sugihartini Nur Mahdi Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah Mahfudh Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah Nuroh Aspamufita Pelita, Putri Dina Poerwahyuningrum, Neny Putri Dina Pelita Rabiatul Adawiyah Rahayu, Titi Pudji Rahmah Annura Rahmah Niar Ulfah Rahmawati, Dhea Ramadhan, Muhammad Marwan Ratih Saridewi Reka Rukmiati Rifka Salsabila Rikadyanti Rikadyanti Risha Maysara Risha Maysara Robby Najini Safira, Rizka Safwan Safwan Saraswati, Yasti Rizkandar Sari, Eka Anisa Satar, Ibdal Sofina Rahmadita Sri Mulyaningsih Suci Kurniati Supriyanto, Sugeng Suwidjiyo Pramono Tiara Rizki Handayani Ulfa Ramdhani M Uswatun Chasanah Vivi Sofia Vivi Sophia Wahyu Widyaningsih Wahyu Widyaningsih Wahyu Widyaningsih Wardhani, Firdha Aprillia