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Politik Hukum Kebijakan Makan Bergizi Gratis: Pembebanan APBN atau Menuju Indonesia Emas 2045 Putra, Samudra Farasi; Marsal, Irsyaf
Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Hukum & Politik Vol 3 No 5 (2025): 2025
Publisher : Yayasan pendidikan dzurriyatul Quran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61104/alz.v3i5.2344

Program makan bergizi gratis menajdi suatu fokus penelitian yang unik untuk dikaji, terutama dalam dimensi politik hukum dengan melihat kepentingan penguasa atas program ini. Program ini secara tidak langsung membawa pesan yang mulia dalam pelaksanaannya, yakni mengurangi angka stunting di Indonesia. Namun menilik pada realitanya, program ini justru membebani APBN begitu besar, yakni hampir 44% dari alokasi biaya pendidikan dipergunakan untuk program makan bergizi gratis ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil dan pembahasna menunjukkan bahwa program makan bergizi gratis muncul dari pelaksanaan kampanye pemilihan umum presiden dan wakil presiden tahun 2024 dari pasangan calon nomor urut 2, yakni Prabowo Gibran, yang selanjutnya diimplementasikan pada saat teripiihnya pasangan calon tersebut dengan tanpa melibatkan dasar hukum yang pasti dalam pelaksanaannya. Kemudian, politik hukum dari pelaksanaan program ini adalah melihat pada tujuan yang mulia atas program ini, yakni pengurangan angka stunting dengan memberikan makanan kepada siswa di SD, SMP, dan SMA dalam merealisasikan Indonesia Emas 2045, di samping terdapat gerakan akar rumput untuk merealisasikan janji kampanye Presiden dan Wakil Presiden terpilih

Politik Hukum Pembentukan Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana: Peluang dan Hambatannya dalam Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia Ningsih, Putu Ayu Veguita Putri; Marsal, Irsyaf
Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Hukum & Politik Vol 3 No 5 (2025): 2025
Publisher : Yayasan pendidikan dzurriyatul Quran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61104/alz.v3i5.2375

Pembentukan KUHP Baru di Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana memberikan pandangan bahwa adanya urgensi atas kebutuhan hukum acara yang baru. Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana dinilai sudah tidak relevan atas kebutuhan hukum pidana formill di Indonesia dan muncullah pembahasan terkait dengan RKUHAP yang akan dimasukkan ke dalam Prolegnas tahun 2026. Hal ini memunculkan permasalahan dan analisis komprehensif mengenai kebutuhan hukum pidana formil baru dalam perspektif politik hukum pembentuk undang-undang di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undnagan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum acara pidana berkembang dari zaman kolonial Belanda di HIR hingga pengundangan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana atas respon hukum acara pidan ayang lama dengan nuansa kolonial dan disesuaikan dnegan kebutuhan prosedur pidana nasional. Kemudian, politik hukum pembentukan hukum acara pidana yang baru menunjukkan kecenderungan adanya kebutuhan atas hukum acara pidana yang baru akibat dari adanya KUHP baru yang diundangkan dalam UU No. 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana. Dengan demikian, kebutuhan dan koherensi atas hukum pidana materill baru akan terpenuhi secara total dengan adanya hukum pidana formil yang baru setelah RKUHAP diajukan dalam Prolegnas tahun 2026

Civil Law Implications for Children Born Through Surrogacy (Surrogate Mother) Thalib, Sabrina Riyadh; Marsal, Irsyaf
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i1.2556

This study analyzes the legal status of children born from surrogacy in Indonesia, a practice considered illegal yet a potential solution for infertility, creating a serious rechtsvacuüm. The research objective is a juridical analysis of this issue under Indonesian civil law using a normative juridical method. The findings indicate that surrogacy agreements are legally invalid and considered null and void (van rechtswege nietig) because they fail to meet the "lawful cause" requirement stipulated in Article 1320 in conjunction with Article 1337 of the Civil Code. This legal void creates uncertainty for the child. Based on the principle of mater semper certa est, the surrogate is legally recognized as the mother, disregarding genetic parentage. This situation infringes upon the child's fundamental rights to identity and inheritance, undermining the principle of pro bono infantis. The study concludes that there is an urgent need for definitive state regulation, either through a strict prohibition or by permitting altruistic surrogacy under rigorous judicial oversight, to provide legal certainty and paramount protection for the child

HOAXES AND DEFAMATION: LEGAL LIMITATIONS IN ASSESSING NON-MATERIAL DAMAGES Annazali, Ahmad Haqqi; Marsal, Irsyaf; Syarkun, Mufarikha Binti
Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Almatani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55583/jkih.v4i2.1681

The rapid spread of hoaxes and defamation in the digital age has become a destructive phenomenon, causing serious consequences that include not only material losses, but also significant non-material damages such as ruined reputations, loss of public trust, and profound psychological suffering for both individuals and corporations. This condition creates a crucial juridical problem because positive law in Indonesia, despite having instruments like the ITE Law, has not yet provided clear boundaries (limitations) or objective, measurable parameters for assessing and quantifying such non-material damages within the judicial system. This research utilizes a normative legal method employing a statute approach and a conceptual approach, qualitatively analyzing primary legal sources such as the Civil Code, Criminal Code, the ITE Law and its amendments, as well as secondary legal sources through a comprehensive literature review. The results and discussion demonstrate that the forms of non-material damage, as recognized in Article 1365 of the Civil Code and legal theory, encompass a broad spectrum ranging from damage to honor (eer) and good name (goede naam) to psychological suffering (trauma and stress); however, the legal boundaries in Indonesia are dominantly penal-centric, focusing only on punishing the perpetrator (deterrence) rather than restoring the victim. This strong penal orientation in the ITE Law is proven to create systemic fragmentation separating the criminal and civil processes and a legal vacuum (rechtsvacuüm) in non-material remediation mechanisms, thereby necessitating a paradigm shift towards restorative justice supported by Supreme Court Guidelines (PERMA) to provide clear parameters for judges to assess non-material damages fairly and proportionally.

Legal Analysis of Protection Against Breach of Employment Contract Asri, Muhammad Rozi; Marsal, Irsyaf
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i1.2711

This study aims to analyze the forms of default (breach of contract) committed by the government as the employer in the implementation of the Work Order (SPK) and to examine the legal remedies available for contractors to obtain legal protection. This research employs a normative juridical method using statute, case, and conceptual approaches. The legal materials used include primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, analyzed qualitatively through a descriptive-analytical technique. The results indicate that government default commonly occurs in the form of delayed payments, unilateral changes to the scope of work, and contract termination without legal justification. These actions cause losses to contractors due to their weak bargaining position in legal relations with the government. Legal protection for contractors can be pursued through warnings (somasi), civil lawsuits based on Articles 1243–1252 of the Indonesian Civil Code, and non-litigation dispute resolution mechanisms such as mediation or arbitration as regulated under Law Number 2 of 2017 on Construction Services and Presidential Regulation Number 16 of 2018 on Government Procurement of Goods/Services. This study emphasizes the need to strengthen regulations and improve dispute resolution mechanisms to ensure legal certainty and fairness for contractors in the implementation of work orders.

Analysis of Letter of Intent and Its Implications on Unilateral Termination in Lease Agreement (Case Study of Decision Number 575/Pdt.G/2022/PN Jkt.Sel.) Azahra, Nawalia; Marsal, Irsyaf
Jurnal Daulat Hukum Vol 8, No 4 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jdh.v8i4.49039

This research aims to analyze the legal status of the Letter of Intent (LoI) within the Indonesian civil law system and its legal implications regarding unilateral termination in lease agreements. LoI is commonly understood as a preliminary document expressing initial intention and is generally considered non-binding. However, in practice, LoI may contain substantive clauses that create legal rights and obligations. This study employs a normative juridical method, utilizing statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, as seen in the South Jakarta District Court Decision No. 575/Pdt.G/2022/PN Jkt.Sel as the primary case study. The findings indicate that a LoI may possess binding legal force if it fulfills the essential elements of a valid contract under Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code and has been partially or fully executed by the parties. The court decision establishes that unilateral termination of an LoI containing substantive obligations constitutes an unlawful act (onrechtmatige daad) under Article 1365 of the Civil Code because it violates the principles of pacta sunt servanda and good faith. Thus, the binding nature of an LoI is determined not by its label but by the substance and legal intent of the parties. This study contributes to the understanding that an LoI may function as a binding legal instrument and impose liability on parties who terminate it unilaterally without valid legal grounds.

Annulment of Marital Property Agreements Due to Vitiating Factors: A Comparative Study Between Indonesian and English Law Sirait, Priscila; Marsal, Irsyaf
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i1.2523

This article examines how annulment of marital property agreements occurs when consent is tainted by vitiating factors. The research object focuses on prenuptial agreements in Indonesia and financial settlement agreements in England. The objective of this study is to analyze the legal framework, judicial practice, and consequences of annulment caused by error, misrepresentation or fraud, or duress in both jurisdictions. Using normative legal research, this study employs statutory, conceptual, comparative, and case approaches, supported by deductive analysis of legislation, jurisprudence, and scholarly opinion. The results show that under Indonesian law, annulment is possible when an agreement is proven to be based on false or misleading information, as exemplified by Denpasar District Court Decision No. 1308/Pdt.G/2019/PN.Dps, which annulled a prenuptial agreement due to misrepresentation. Meanwhile under English law, annulment is recognized in cases of fraudulent misrepresentation, as highlighted in Sharland v Sharland [2015] UKSC 60, where intentional dishonesty invalidated a financial settlement agreement. The conclusion affirms that such agreements are voidable and although annulment safeguards fairness and genuine consent, the division of marital property must still be pursued through separate judicial proceedings as the consequences in both legal systems.

Civil Law Implications for Children Born Through Surrogacy (Surrogate Mother) Thalib, Sabrina Riyadh; Marsal, Irsyaf
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i1.2556

This study analyzes the legal status of children born from surrogacy in Indonesia, a practice considered illegal yet a potential solution for infertility, creating a serious rechtsvacuüm. The research objective is a juridical analysis of this issue under Indonesian civil law using a normative juridical method. The findings indicate that surrogacy agreements are legally invalid and considered null and void (van rechtswege nietig) because they fail to meet the "lawful cause" requirement stipulated in Article 1320 in conjunction with Article 1337 of the Civil Code. This legal void creates uncertainty for the child. Based on the principle of mater semper certa est, the surrogate is legally recognized as the mother, disregarding genetic parentage. This situation infringes upon the child's fundamental rights to identity and inheritance, undermining the principle of pro bono infantis. The study concludes that there is an urgent need for definitive state regulation, either through a strict prohibition or by permitting altruistic surrogacy under rigorous judicial oversight, to provide legal certainty and paramount protection for the child

Legal Analysis of Protection Against Breach of Employment Contract Asri, Muhammad Rozi; Marsal, Irsyaf
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i1.2711

This study aims to analyze the forms of default (breach of contract) committed by the government as the employer in the implementation of the Work Order (SPK) and to examine the legal remedies available for contractors to obtain legal protection. This research employs a normative juridical method using statute, case, and conceptual approaches. The legal materials used include primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, analyzed qualitatively through a descriptive-analytical technique. The results indicate that government default commonly occurs in the form of delayed payments, unilateral changes to the scope of work, and contract termination without legal justification. These actions cause losses to contractors due to their weak bargaining position in legal relations with the government. Legal protection for contractors can be pursued through warnings (somasi), civil lawsuits based on Articles 1243–1252 of the Indonesian Civil Code, and non-litigation dispute resolution mechanisms such as mediation or arbitration as regulated under Law Number 2 of 2017 on Construction Services and Presidential Regulation Number 16 of 2018 on Government Procurement of Goods/Services. This study emphasizes the need to strengthen regulations and improve dispute resolution mechanisms to ensure legal certainty and fairness for contractors in the implementation of work orders.

Konstruksi Hukum Terkait Hak atas Kehidupan dan Pekerjaan bagi Pekerja Rumah Tangga berdasarkan Undang-Undang Ketenagakerjaan Agustia, Yefiza Nahri; Marsal, Irsyaf
AHKAM Vol 4 No 4 (2025): DESEMBER
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ahkam.v4i4.8191

The right to work and to a decent livelihood ought to be guaranteed by the state; however, in reality, equal access to formal employment opportunities has yet to be realized, driving many citizens to work as domestic workers under conditions of inadequate wages and benefits. In practice, the majority of domestic workers receive wages below the minimum wage standard and often without guaranteed benefits, reflecting weak protection of their normative rights. This study aims to analyse in depth the implementation of statutory regulations, legal principles, and legal doctrines related to the protection of domestic workers, grounded in a legal policy framework, in order to formulate appropriate policies to safeguard their normative rights. A normative juridical approach is employed through an examination of legislation, legal principles and doctrines, as well as comparative analysis with regulatory frameworks in several countries, such as South Africa and the Philippines, which have enacted specific legislation on domestic workers. The findings show that these countries explicitly regulate minimum wage standards, holiday allowances, maternity leave entitlements, unemployment insurance, and even guarantees of adequate housing for domestic workers, whereas in Indonesia similar regulations remain weak and fragmented. These results indicate the need to revise national policy by setting a minimum wage standard for domestic workers equivalent to the provincial minimum wage, accompanied by sanction mechanisms for violations, so that the protection of wages and benefits becomes fairer and more effective. Accordingly, the strengthening of specific regulations on domestic workers is expected to establish a fair and dignified regulatory framework for domestic workers without neglecting employers’ interests, while simultaneously providing a stronger legal policy foundation for the formulation of domestic labour protection policies in Indonesia.

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