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Journal : Prosiding Seminar Nasional Rekayasa Teknologi Industri dan Informasi ReTII

Ekstraksi Dalam Kolom Unggun Tetap dan Pemurnian secara Simultan pada Isolasi Minyak Dedak Padi Haryono
Retii 2020: Prosiding Seminar Nasional ReTII ke-15
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Pada proses penggilingan padi menjadi beras dihasilkan 8-10% dedak padi. Pemanfaatan dedak padi umumnya baru sebatas sebagai pakan ternak. Padahal pada dedak padi terdapat minyak sekitar 10-26% dari berat dedak padi. Minyak dedak padi dilaporkan sebagai minyak nabati unggul karena minyak tersebut didoninasi oleh asam lemak tak jenuh. Minyak dedak padi mengandung sekitar 32-35% asam linoleat. Asam linoleat dilaporkan mampu menurunkan kolesterol darah dan mencegah aterosklerosis. Berbagai metode ekstraksi telah diterapkan untuk mengekstraksi minyak dedak padi. Metode ekstraksi soxhlet merupakan metode yang dianggap paling cocok untuk mengektraksi minyak dedak padi. Namun metode tersebut umumnya hanya diterapkan pada ekstraksi skala kecil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memodifikasi metode ekstraksi soxhlet menjadi metode ekstraksi kolom unggun tetap, dan mempelajari pengaruh jenis pelarut dan ketinggian unggun (dedak padi) terhadap rendemen dan sifat fisiko-kimia dari minyak dedak padi yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pelarut etil asetat menghasilkan rendemen minyak dedak padi lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan pelarut etanol untuk semua variasi ketinggian unggun dedak padi. rendemen maksimum minyak dedak padi sebanyak 18,2% diperoleh pada ekstraksi dengan pelarut etil asetat dan pada ketinggian unggun dedak 5 cm. Pada kondisi ekstraksi tersebut dihasilkan minyak dedak padi dengan sifat fisiko-kimia paling optimal, yaitu dengan bilangan asam, bilangan penyabunan, bilangan iod, densitas, indeks bias, dan viskositas berturur-turut sebesar 48,3 mg KOH/g, 252,1 mg KOH/g, 105,4 g I2/100 g, 0,910 g/mL, 1,463, dan 6,3 mPa s.
Kalsium Oksida Berbasis Limbah sebagai Katalis Heterogen pada Sintesis Biodiesel dari Minyak Goreng Bekas Haryono
Retii 2022: Prosiding Seminar Nasional ReTII ke-17
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Biodiesel, which is a methyl ester of fatty acids, has been considered as a renewable fuel that is environmentally friendly because it is able to support the sustainability of the carbon dioxide cycle. Biodiesel is conventionally synthesized from oil or fat with a homogeneous base catalyst, such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide. However, the use of homogeneous catalysts has several drawbacks, such as: it requires a tight free fatty acid content, is prone to oil saponification reactions, is relatively difficult to separate, and cannot be regenerated. Therefore, heterogeneous catalysts in biodiesel synthesis are considered as a substitute for homogeneous catalysts. Calcium oxide is a solid heterogeneous catalyst that has been proven effective in assisting the transesterification reaction of oil into biodiesel. Calcium oxide can be synthesized from calcium carbonate, which is widely found in waste, such as blood clam and egg shells. This study aims to synthesize and characterize calcium oxide from egg and crab shells as a catalyst in the synthesis of biodiesel from used cooking oil. Calcium oxide was obtained by calcination to blood clam and egg shells at 800 oC for 8 hours. The calcination results were further characterized by the method of x-ray diffraction and BET (Brunauer-Emmet-Teller) isotherm adsorption-desorption to determine the type of oxide phase formed and the surface characterization. The synthesis of biodiesel was carried out at a reaction time of 2 hours, a temperature of 60 oC, a molar ratio of oil to methanol 1:12, and a catalyst content of 10%. The results showed that calcium oxide was successfully synthesized from blood clam and egg shells waste with different characteristics. Calcium oxide from the two wastes is able to catalyze the transesterification reaction of used cooking oil into biodiesel, and biodiesel is produced according to SNI 7182-2015 concerning biodiesel quality standards. Keyword: biodiesel, calcium oxide, blood clam, egg, transesterificatio
Pengolahan Air Limbah Industri Pulp dengan Metode Oksidasi Elektrokimia Termediasi Haryono; Juliandri; Evy Ernawati
Retii Vol 18 No 1 (2023): Prosiding Seminar Nasional ReTII ke-18 (Edisi Penelitian)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The pulp industry processes natural organic materials, especially compounds in the lignocellulosic group, by utilizing various types of chemicals. Therefore, the pulp industry has the potential to produce hazardous and toxic liquid waste with a relatively dark color. Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation (MEO) can be applied to treat the wastewater from the pulp industry. The MEO method allows organic compounds in wastewater to be mineralized into carbon dioxide and water. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the potential difference between graphite electrodes and the volume of sodium hypochlorite solution as a mediator on the efficiency of mineralization and the reduction of color intensity from pulp industry wastewater. The potential difference between the electrodes is varied at 4.5; 6.0; and 7.5 volts, while the volume of the mediator was studied at variations of 50 and 100 mL. The results showed that the highest mineralization efficiency was achieved at 82.5% when electrolysis of the MEO cell was carried out at a voltage difference of 7.5 volts and a mediator volume of 100 mL, while the highest decrease in color intensity was achieved at a cell potential difference of 4.5 volts and a mediator volume of 100 mL, with a decrease in color intensity of 61.61%.
Karbon Aktif Tersulfonasi dari Sekam Padi sebagai Katalis Asam Padat pada Sintesis Biodiesel dari PAO (Palm Acid Oil) Haryono
Retii 2024: Prosiding Seminar Nasional ReTII ke-19 (Edisi Penelitian)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The scarcity of fossil fuels as a result of excessive use is a serious problem in the energy sector, so renewable and environmentally friendly alternative fuels are needed, one of which is biodiesel. Biodiesel can be obtained through an esterification or transesterification process with free fatty acids or triglycerides as raw materials with short chain alcohols catalyzed by acids or bases. The aim of this research is to synthesize sulfonated activated carbon from rice husks as a solid acid heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel from palm acid oil (PAO). The sulfonated activated carbon catalyst is prepared from rice husk charcoal which is activated with a mixture of carbonate salts, then the activated carbon is acidified through impregnation of sulfonic functional groups from sulfuric acid with the help of a microwave. The performance test of the solid acid catalyst for biodiesel synthesis was carried out at a PAO to methanol mole ratio of 1:32 and a catalyst content of 3%. The biodiesel synthesis reaction was carried out at 65°C for 2 hours. The research results showed that the sulfonate functional group (-SO₃H) was identified from the FTIR results of absorption at the wave number 1216 cm-1. These results confirm that the acidification of activated carbon from rice husks has been successfully carried out. The acid density test on the catalyst obtained an acidity value of 3.21 mmol H+/g. In the performance test of the solid acid catalyst for biodiesel synthesis, biodiesel was obtained with a yield of 88.4%, and 83.74% of free fatty acids from PAO were successfully converted into biodiesel.
Co-Authors ., Rusliyawati Abdul Haris ade rahmawati Ade Sutrisna Afli Audryna Agus Hardiansyah, Muhammad AGUS RIYANTO Agus Sulaksono Agus Yuwono Agusti Efi Aishy, Rahadatul Aisyah, Hanifah Aji Sukarno Angga Mursitasari Aris Budi Setyawan Astarani , Juanda Aswat, Ibnu Atiek Rostika Noviyanti Azmi Saleh Bagus Nurcahyo Bahrul Ulum Budi Santosa Budi Santoso Budiwirman Damayanti, Fera Dayu Kusuma, Hersandy Dedi Aprianto Dhafet, Nur Aeni Muhlisa Ditiya Himawati Elida Elok Heniwati Endang Siswati Engela Evy Ernawati Erniyati, Yelni Evy Ernawati Fadhli Nur Afandi Fatmawati, Adinda Ferdian Finalianti Roskaputri Gimin Hadir Hudiyanto Hambali Hani Harlan Herma Liza Hersandy Dayu Kusuma I Nyoman Miyarta Yasa Icha Elisa Uli Kudadiri Inayah Indah Ayu Lestari, Shafira Indah Epriliati Irwan Kurnia iswanto Janah, Aminatul Jenika Dwi Fitria Joko Utomo Joko Utomo Juanda Astarani Juliandri Juliani Pudjowati Julius Nursyamsi Jumili Arianto Junaidi Junaidi Kapriana, Angga Permadi Karpriana, Angga Permadi Kartini, Uyun Khairul Anam Komsi Koranti Kurnia, Irwan Lalu Hasan Ashari Lasminiasih Ludyanto, Muhammad Ferdy Malathy Batumalay Mardedi, Lalu Zazuli Azhar Masrin Mochammad Muchid Mochammad Rizal Monica, Della Muhammad Raihan Wicaksono Muhsin Mushin Nazarrudin, Alfian Nella Yantiana Nugraha, M. Brigas Ajie Nur Fadhilah Pitaloka, Widia Natakusuma Diah Pramudya Sulaeman, Allyn Prihandoko Puji Astuti Pujiastuti, Eka Putut Handoko Rachmi Ridho Rafa, Wukuf Dilvan Rahayu, Ainun Rahmadona, Nova Rahmadya Trias Handayanto Renny Nur Afida Rina Sugiarti Rizki Wulan Novianti Rizky Hidayati Rumayya Rusliyawati Salsabilla Ramadhona Santoso, Handri Sari, Shinta Bella Sarifah Nurjanah Sasih Gunalan Setiawan, Ramdhani Sianipar, Ratu Santana Dewi Pertiwi Sibarani, Revalino Sahat Tua Sindy Safitri Skarmelia Goresti Getsemani Dala Solihudin Sri Nawangsari Sri Puji Ganefati Sri Sularti Dewanti Handayani, Sri Sularti Dewanti Sri Sumartiningsih Stanty Aufia Rahmat Sugeng Samiyono Sugianto Suharni, Syed Fajar YusFerry Susi Tri Wahyuni Syafiqoh, Aisyatus Tertio Kunto Dewo Titi Prihatin Ullya Rahmawati Vibriana Wulandari, Evita Vitriyan Espa Wardoyo Wijayanti, Selly Wiraputra, Muhammad Rizki Wiwik Handayani Yadona, Putri Yati B. Yuliyati Zayyana Cendikia Medina