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Metabolit Cendawan Endofit Tanaman Padi sebagai Alternatif Pengendalian Cendawan Patogen Terbawa Benih Padi Arifda Ayu Swastini Waruwu; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno; Abdul Munif
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 12 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (266.172 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.12.2.53

Abstract

Infection of seed-borne fungi on rice (Oryza sativa) may affect rice production and becomes an important problem in Indonesia recently.  This study aimed to evaluate the potential of fungal endophyte metabolites isolated from rice (Oryza sativa L.) to control seed-borne pathogenic fungi.  Research activities involved isolation of endophytic fungi from rice, isolation of seed-borne fungi, and inhibition test of isolated endophytic fungal metabolites on seed-borne pathogenic fungi.  The results showed that 3 isolates of endophytic fungi, i.e. LA6, LA11, and LA14 were potential producing antifungal metabolite. The metabolites of LA11 and LA14   isolates was able to reduce the growth of seed-borne pathogenic fungi between 18.33 and 47.28%.
Potensi Ochrobactrum intermedium - C939A31, Klebsiella oxytoca - C939A32, Bacillus subtilis- I308A32 Asal Tanaman Kopi untuk Mengendalikan Nematoda Luka Akar Pratylenchus coffeae Dwi Halimah; Abdul Munif; Giyanto Giyanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 12 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (278.171 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.12.2.62

Abstract

Infection of root lession nematode, Pratylenchus coffeae, becomes an important factor causing yield loss in coffee production in Indonesia. Biological control of P. coffeae needs to be developed to meet the requirement of environmentally save crop production.  The research was conducted to evaluate 3 selected endophytic bacteria isolates, Ochrobactrum intermedium DSQ5, Klebsiella oxytoca NGB-FR 50, and Bacillus  subtilis AIMST 10.T18.1, from coffee in controlling P. coffeae. Research methods involved pathogenicity test based on hypersensitive reaction and haemolysis test, and evaluation of their ability to suppress P. coffeae in vitro and in planta. The hypersensitive and haemolysis reactions indicated that these 3 isolates showed negative result both to plant and human. In vitro assays showed that two isolates, K. oxytoca - C939A32 and O. intermedium - C939A3, could suppress P. coffeae populations by 66.7% and 100%. Those results correlated positively with in planta assay’s result.
Bakteri Endofit Asal Berbagai Akar Tanaman sebagai Agens Pengendali Nematoda Puru Akar Meloidogyne incognita pada Tomat Pradana Pandu Ankardiansyah; Abdul Munif; Supramana Supramana
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 12 No 3 (2016)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (275.772 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.12.3.75

Abstract

Infection caused by root knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita may cause yield losses. Little is known regarding the effectiveness of endophytic bacterial group as biocontrol agents of RKN. This research was aimed to obtain endophytic bacteria group from 16 species of plants, which effectively controlled the RKN. Isolation of endophytic bacteria group was conducted using NA 20%, NA 50%, TSA 20%, TSA 50%, and King’s B medium. All of the bacteria groups giving negative result in hypersensitive and haemolytic tests, was further examined for their ability to produce protease, chitinase, and cyanide acid. The same endophytic bacteria groups were also tested for their potential to control juvenile 2 of M. incognita on tomatoes by seed treatment and soil drenching. Agronomical and pathological traits were observed 40 days after nematodes infestation. Eighty endophytic bacteria groups were successfully isolated and 17 of them were considered potential. Physiological test showed that 16 groups of endophytic bacteria can produce protease enzyme, 12 groups can produce chitinase enzyme, and 5 groups can produce cyanide acid. Specific endophytic bacteria group, i.e. TmtN5 from roots of tomato plant, is the most effective isolate for suppressing root damage and population of RKN. This group was effective as biocontrol agents of RKN because it produceds chitinase, protease, and cyanide acid. This research provided a new information regarding the potential use of endophytic bacteria group as a biocontrol agent of RKN.
Seleksi Bakteri Endofit Penghasil Senyawa Metabolit untuk Pengendalian Cendawan Patogen Terbawa Benih Jagung Andini Hanif; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno; Abdul Munif
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 12 No 5 (2016)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (315.528 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.12.5.149

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Endophytic bacteria have been reported to produce metabolite as antifungal compound. This study was aimed to obtain endophytic bacteria which are able to produce metabolite to control Fusarium sp., a potential seedborne fungi on maize. Endophytic bacteria were screened by hypersensitive test on tobacco leaves and antagonistic test. Endophytic bacteria isolates with high growth inhibitor activity were selected and examined for their metabolite compound. Thre isolates, i.e. Lactobacillus sp. isolate EF14III, Pseudomonas sp. isolate ER1I, dan Aeromonas sp. isolate ER10I has the potential to inhibit Fusarium sp..  Metabolite compound of Pseudomonas sp. isolates ER1I was able to decrease the infection Fusarium sp. by 65.0% in blotter test and decreased infection of Fusarium sp. up to 59.5% and 60.5% in growing on test using water agar and sterile soil, respectively.  Cyclohexanone with concentration of 9.68% produced by Pseudomonas sp. isolat ERI1 may play a role as antifungal compound.
Bakteri Endofit asal Tanaman Tembakau sebagai Agens Pengendali Meloidogyne spp. isnainy dinul Mursyalatiyus; Abdul Munif; Abdjad Asih Nawangsih
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 14 No 6 (2018)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (271.47 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.14.6.215

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Endophytic Bacteria from Tobacco Plant as Biocontrol Agent of  Meloidogyne spp.Soilborne disease on tobacco plants caused by fungal and bacterial infection in association with root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) may cause significant yield loss.  Endophytic bacteria have been recognized as biological control agent for Meloidogyne spp. as well as  plant promoting growth agent. Research was conducted to evaluate endophytic bacteria isolated from tobacco plants as biological control agent for Meloidogyne spp. infecting tobacco. A total of 215 isolates of endophytic bacteria were isolated from root of two tobacco varieties, Kemloko and Prancak 95.  Biosafety screening showed that 80 isolates (37%) and 7 isolates (8%) gave negative reaction on hypersensitivity test and hemolysis test, respectively.  Seven isolates i.e. TPT3.10, TPT2.1, TK3n8, TK2t21, TK2n8, TK3n1 and TK2t11 were able to promote plant growth and increase the mortality of juvenile Meloidogyne spp. Physiological characterization of endophytic bacteria showed that most of the isolates were able to produce protease enzyme, phosphate, nitrogen and HCN. The same isolates were also able to suppress the number of galls from 80.09% up to 93.82%. Two isolates, TPT3.10 and TK2n8, are considered having the best suppression on root gall formation.
Potency of Endophytic Bacteria from Brotowali (Tinospora crispa) as Biocontrol of Sclerotium rolfsii and Plant Growth Promoting Abdul Munif; Kholil Ma’ruf
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.16.3.95-104

Abstract

Sclerotium rolfsii merupakan salah satu patogen penting pada kacang tanah yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit busuk pangkal batang. S. rolfsii dapat bertahan hidup di dalam tanah dan membentuk struktur dorman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi bakteri endofit dari tanaman brotowali yang berpotensi sebagai agens hayati yang efektif untuk mengendalikan S. rolfsii dan mengetahui pengaruhnya pada pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah. Bakteri endofit diisolasi dari akar dan batang tanaman brotowali dengan metode sterilisasi permukaan. Bakteri endofit yang berhasil diisolasi dari tanaman brotowali ialah 415 isolat dan 153 isolat lolos uji keamanan hayati. Sebanyak 7 isolat bakteri endofit, yaitu BBT25, BBT90, BBT102, BBT106, BBT110, BBT130, dan BSK18 berpotensi menekan S. rolfsii. Isolat BBT106 mampu menekan pertumbuhan S. rolfsii sebesar 73% secara in vitro. Isolat BBT110 dan BSK18 mampu menekan kejadian penyakit busuk pangkal batang sebesar 58% dan 67% pada penelitian di rumah kaca. Ketujuh isolat bakteri endofit brotowali mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah pada percobaan di rumah kaca.
Potensi Beberapa Isolat Bakteri Endofit untuk Pengendalian Biologi Meloidogyne graminicola pada Tanaman Padi abdul munif; Mohammad Yadi Nurjayadi
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 17 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.17.1.28-34

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Meloidogyne graminicola merupakan salah satu nematoda parasit penting pada tanaman padi. M. graminicola menyebabkan gejala puru pada akar sehingga pertumbuhan tanaman terhambat dan terganggu. Pengendalian M. graminicola sangat penting dilakukan agar kerusakan pada tanaman padi dan penyebarannya dapat ditekan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji potensi bakteri endofit dalam mengendalikan nematoda puru akar (NPA) M. graminicola pada tanaman padi. Empat isolat bakteri endofit asal tanaman padi, yaitu isolat Si33, Si2, Sp24, GH1, dan satu isolat asal tanaman kentang G053 diuji untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap mortalitas M. gramincola secara in vitro dan kemampuannya dalam menekan serangan M. graminicola pada tanaman padi di rumah kaca. Hasil uji kultur filtrat bakteri endofit secara in vitro terbukti efektif meningkatkan kematian juvenil 2 M. graminicola sebesar 99.5% hingga 100%. Isolat bakteri endofit juga mampu menekan jumlah puru akar pada tanaman padi dengan kisaran 42.2%–49.3% pada percobaan di rumah kaca. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa isolat bakteri endofit yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mempunyai potensi yang baik sebagai agens biokontrol untuk mengendalikan M. graminicola pada tanaman padi.
Eksplorasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Agens Hayati dari Imperata cylindrica untuk pengendalian Rigidoporus microporus Tatit Sastrini; Mochamad Yadi Nurjayadi; abdul munif
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (282.435 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.15.2.69-76

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Exploration and Characterization of Biological Agents Bacteria from Imperata cylindrica for Controlling Rigidoporus microporusWhite root disease caused by Rigidoporus microporus is an important disease in rubber plantation. This pathogen causes damage to roots, thus adversely affect plant growth and productivity of rubber plantation. Therefore controling of this pathogen is important to do. The objective of this research was to obtain biological agents bacteria from the various parts of alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) which have inhibitory activity against the growth of R. microporus The research was conducted through exploration of biological agents from the various parts of alang-alang, antibiosis activity test, and characterization of potential isolates. Based on antibiosis activity test, seven isolates (Rph 7, Rph 8, Rph 15 Rph 17, 15, E47, and isolate 47) showed antibiosis activity against R. microporus. Suppression activity of R. microporus growth by seventh of potential isolates ranged between 26.7-58.9%. The highest inhibition was demonstrated by isolate 47 suspected leaf endophytic bacteria. Seventh of potential isolates are Gram-positive bacterial that can form spores. The biological agen’s bacterial dominated by isolates from the reeds rhizosphere. This result indicates that rhizosphere is a potentialy source in the exploration of biological agents. In addition, R. microporus is a soil-borne pathogen which colonizes the roots therefore exploration from rhizosphere samples allows obtaining potential biological agents.
Keanekaragaman dan Patogenisitas Fusarium spp. Asal Beberapa Kultivar Pisang Widya Sari; Suryo Wiyono; Ali Nurmansyah; Abdul Munif; Roedhy Poerwanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1079.575 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.13.6.216

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Fusarium wilt disease caused by pathogenic fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense is an important disease in banana plants. This research was aimed to identifiy Fusarium spp. collected from banana plants showing wilt disease based on morphology and molecular characters.  The fungi isolates obtained was further examined for its pathogenicity and distribution in various parts of banana plants.  Based on morphological characters, i.e. growth rate, total conidia, colony color, macroconidium, microconidium, and chlamydospores, F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense can be differentiated from other species of Fusarium, but not the strain. Molecular analysis using specific primers VCG 01213/16 and Foc1/Foc 2 successfully identified 13 and 7 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense non TR4, respectively.  Analysis using universal primer ITS4/ITS5 identified 7 isolates of F. solani, 1 isolate of F. verticillioides, and 2 isolates non Fusarium.  Infection of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and non-TR4 were found mostly in pseudo stems, whereas F. solani and F. verticillioides dominantly colonized banana corm. Pathogenicity test showed that F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and non-TR4 caused necrosis on corm of cv. Ambon Kuning.  Similar necrosis symptom was also observed on infection of F. solani but with less severity.
Metabolit Bakteri Endofit Asal Tanaman Kacang Tanah sebagai Penghambat Pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus Nela Zahara; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno; Abdul Munif
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (597.788 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.14.1.15

Abstract

eanut (Arachis hypogeae) is considered as important crop in Indonesia and domestic demands to peanut tend to increase recently. Infection of fungal seedborne, Aspergillus flavus, may downgrade peanut seed quality. Research was conducted to evaluate the application of secondary metabolite produced by endophytic bacteria for controlling A. flavus. The methodologies involved isolation A. flavus and endophytic bacteria from the plant tissue of peanut, hypersensitive test of endophytic bacteria, inhibition test of endophytic bacteria against A. flavus, extraction and examination of secondary metabolite from endophytic bacteria, seed treatment using extracted secondary metabolite, and molecular identification of the bacteria. Based on hypersensitive test, 37 isolates of endophytic bacteria were identified as non pathogenic. Further screening by dual culture test found 3 isolates with high inhibition activity, i.e. BE2B2-1 (71.64%), BE2B2-2 (69.05%), and BE2B2-5 (62.25%). Molecular identification based on nucleotide sequencing of 16S rRNA showed that BE2B2-1, BE2B2-2, and BE2B2-5 were Enterobacter sp., Bacillus sp., and Acinetobacter sp., respectively. Metabolite from Enterobacter sp. has the highest antimicrobial activity (61.70%) against A. flavus in in vitro test, highest infection inhibition (77.22%) in growing-on test, and highest increasing of seed germination rate (4.25%). This finding indicated the potential of secondary metabolites from endophyte bacteria to suppress infestation of A. flavus.
Co-Authors Abdjad Asih Nawangsih Ade Maulana Agus PURWANTARA Akhmad Rizali ALI NURMANSYAH Alina Akhdiya Amanda, Dila Andika Akbarul Iman Andini Hanif Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana Arif Ravi Wibowo Asima Manurung Ayu Dhisa Faradiba Siregar Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno Bonny PW Soekarno Chandra, Wenripin Charles Simamora Cici Indriani Dalimunthe Dede Setiadi Deden Dewantara ERIS Desmon Gunadi Siagian Diana Putri Didy Sopandie DWI ANDREAS SANTOSA dwi halimah Dwi Halimah Efi Toding Tondok Elis Nina Herliyana Elly Rosmaini Ely Lailatul Maghfiroh Ely Lailatul Maghfiroh Endah Retno Palupi Erwin Eryna Elfasari Rangkuti Fitrianingrum Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum Gede Suastika Giyanto Giyanto Giyanto Giyanto GUSMAINI GUSMAINI Gusmaini Gusmaini Hanifah Nuryani Lioe HARNI, RITA Hasudungan, Raju I Wayan Winasa IBNUL QAYIM IKA MUSTIKA Irwanto Sucipto ISKANDAR ZULKARNAEN SIREGAR isnainy dinul Mursyalatiyus Iswandi Anas Chaniago Ita Sulistiawati JOHANNES HALLMANN John Putra S Tampubolon Jonathan Liviera Marpaung Joni Kartika Kartika Katrin Jenny Sirait Kholil Ma’ruf Kikin H Mutaqin Kristiana kristiana Kurniawan Effendi Kurniawan Effendi Kusumah, Yayi Munara Liza Sakbani Marbun, James Piter Marihat Situmorang Marpaung, J.L. Marpaung, TJ Mira Febrianti Mochamad Yadi Nurjayadi Mochamad Yadi Nurjayadi Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto Mohammad Yadi Nurjayadi Muhammad Firdaus Oktafiyanto MUSTIKA, IKA Nababan, Esther Sorta Mauli Nela Zahara Nela Zahara Neng Tipa Nursipa Niken Nur Kasim NURLIANI BERMAWIE Nurliani Bermawie Parapat Gultom Pradana Pandu Ankardiansyah Prayogo Probo Asmoro Rachmad Sitepu Ramdan, Evan Purnama Reni Rinika resky wulandari r jahuddin RICHARD A SIKORA Rita Harni RITA HARNI Rita Harni Rizky Mailani Rahman Robin Roedhy Poerwanto Sandra Arifin Aziz Satriyas Ilyas Siagian, Riris Regita Cahyani Simbolon, Lolyta Damora Sirimavo, Yana Siringoringo, Yan Batara Putra Siswanto siswanto Sitanggang, Fetrisia Ayu Ashari Supramana Surono Surono Suryo Wiyono Suwarno . Syahputra, Muhammad Romi Syahputra, Razak Kurnia Syaiful Anwar Sylvia, Bebby Tatit Sastrini Togu P Marpaung Umi Hidayati Waruwu, Arifda Ayu Swastini Widi Amaria Widya Sari Winnugroho Wiratman, Manfaluthy Hakim, Tiara Aninditha, Aru W. Sudoyo, Joedo Prihartono Yadi Suryadi Yudhistira Adhitya Pratama Yudiyanto Yudiyanto Zahedi