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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Pixel : Jurnal Ilmiah Komputer Grafis Jurnal Pekommas Indonesian Journal of Educational Review (IJER) Journal of Environmental Engineering and Sustainable Technology Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan Indonesian Journal on Computing (Indo-JC) Jurnal Inspiration JOIN (Jurnal Online Informatika) Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) Creative Information Technology Journal JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) INTENSIF: Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Penerapan Teknologi Sistem Informasi JIKO (Jurnal Informatika dan Komputer) CogITo Smart Journal Insect (Informatics and Security) : Jurnal Teknik Informatika JITK (Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Komputer) JURNAL TEKNIK INFORMATIKA DAN SISTEM INFORMASI Applied Information System and Management Jurnal Rekayasa Proses JURNAL EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT MATRIK : Jurnal Manajemen, Teknik Informatika, dan Rekayasa Komputer J-SAKTI (Jurnal Sains Komputer dan Informatika) Indonesian Journal of Applied Informatics JIPI (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Informatika) CSRID (Computer Science Research and Its Development Journal) Informasi Interaktif Building of Informatics, Technology and Science Progresif: Jurnal Ilmiah Komputer Journal of Sustainable Engineering: Proceedings Series SENSITEK E-JURNAL JUSITI : Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi Informasi Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Multimedia bit-Tech Jurnal Teknologi Informasi : Jurnal Keilmuan dan Aplikasi Bidang Teknik Informatika Dielektrika : Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Teori dan Aplikasi Teknik Elektro Respati Journal Cerita: Creative Education of Research in Information Technology and Artificial Informatics G-Tech : Jurnal Teknologi Terapan JIKA (Jurnal Informatika) Jurnal Informa: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Infotek : Jurnal Informatika dan Teknologi jurnal syntax admiration Jurnal TIKOMSIN (Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Sinar Nusantara) Jurnal Ilmiah Publika Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF) Jurnal Teknimedia: Teknologi Informasi dan Multimedia Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer (JEECOM) Information System Journal (INFOS) Buletin Poltanesa Jurnal Senopati : Sustainability, Ergonomics, Optimization, and Application of Industrial Engineering INFOSYS (INFORMATION SYSTEM) JOURNAL J-SAKTI (Jurnal Sains Komputer dan Informatika) Research Fair Unisri Jurnal Ilmiah IT CIDA : Diseminasi Teknologi Informasi Jurnal Dinamika Informatika (JDI) Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro dan Teknologi Informasi Jurnal Teknik Informatika Journal of Comprehensive Science Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi Ceddi Journal of Information System and Technology (JST) SmartComp Teknomatika: Jurnal Informatika dan Komputer JURNAL MULTIDISIPLIN BHATARA Jurnal Pengabdian Indonesia
Arief Setyanto
Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta
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Journal : Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF)

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Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning-Based Software Defect Prediction in Object-Oriented and Structured Paradigms Using Apache Camel and Redis Datasets Nasiri, Asro; Setyanto, Arief; Utami, Ema; Kusrini, Kusrini
Jurnal Teknik Informatika (Jutif) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): JUTIF Volume 7, Number 1, February 2026
Publisher : Informatika, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52436/1.jutif.2026.7.1.5315

Abstract

Software Defect Prediction (SDP) is a crucial component of software engineering aimed at improving quality and testing efficiency. However, the majority of SDP research often overlooks the fundamental influence of the programming paradigm on the nature and causes of defects. This study presents a comparative analysis to identify the most influential software metrics for predicting defects across two distinct paradigms: Object-Oriented (OOP) and Structured. To ensure modern relevance and reproducibility, we constructed two new datasets from large-scale, open-source projects: Apache Camel (Java) for OOP and Redis (C) for Structured which exhibited realistic defect rates of 14.4% and 21.8%, respectively. The dataset creation process involved mining Git repositories for defect labeling and automated metric extraction using the CK and Lizard tools. Correlation analysis and baseline modeling using Random Forest revealed significant differences between the paradigms. In the OOP system, dominant defect predictors were related to the complexity of the class interface and features (e.g., uniqueWordsQty, totalMethodsQty, WMC, CBO). Conversely, defects in the structured system were strongly correlated with size and algorithmic complexity (e.g., file_tokens, file_loc, file_ccn_sum). Although the baseline models performed well (ROC–AUC = 0.82–0.87), the significant class imbalance resulted in low recall (44–50%). This motivates the need for more context aware approaches. These findings underscore that effective SDP strategies must be tailored to the underlying programming paradigm.
Co-Authors (Menunda Publikasi) Abdillah, M A Agastya, I Made Artha Agung Budi Prastyo Agung, Kris Agus Sukarno Agus Tumulyadi Agustina Rahmawati Ahmad Afief Amrullah Ahmad Afief Amrullah Ahmad Naufal Labiib Nabhaan Ahmad Tantoni Ainul Yaqin Akhmad Fadjeri Al Maky, Nuril Huda Aliyah, Nada Rahma Amanda Rifan Fathoni Amir Fatah Sofyan Amiruddin Khairul Huda Ammara, Laya Amrullah, Ahmad Afief Anam, M. Choirul Anang Anang Andi Kriswantono Andik Isdianto Anggit Dwi Hartanto Anggit Hartanto annisa gatri zakinah Annisa Gatri Zakinah Anthon Andrimida, Anthon Anton, Tri Arbiansyah, Moh Junit Ariefandi, Muhammad Fikri Asadi, M. Arif Askar, Muhammad Ichfan Asmirijal, Amrey Syahnur Asro Nasiri Asro Nasiri Asro Nasiri Astika Wulansari Astuti , Septiana Sri Atmaja, Albertus Aldo Danar Atminenggar, Alinda Najma Aulia Lanudia Fathah Basit, Muhammad Abdul Bawan, Sarah Bunda Desi Béjar, Rodrigo Martínez Berlania Mahardika Putri Constantin Menteng Daduk Setyohadi Darmawan Ockto Sutjipto Dedi Tri Hermanto Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya, Dewa Gede DHANI ARIATMANTO Dhea, Luthfia Ayu Dhiana Puspitawati Diah, M. Dian Rusvinasari Dinar Mustofa Dwi Satrio Anurogo Eko Pramono Eko Pramono Eko Pramono Ema Utami Emha Emha Luthfi Emha Taufiq Luthfi Emha Taufiq Luthfi Emha Taufiq Luthfi Emha Taufiq Luthfi F Purwanto Fathah, Aulia Lanudia Fazlul Rahman Ferry Wahyu Wibowo Ferry Wahyu Wibowo Ferry Wahyu Wibowo Fiqih Akbari Gatut Bintoro Gibran, Ibrahim El Gibran, Khalil Ginting, Meliani Ananda Br. Gunawan Wicahyono Hadiyah, Lisa Nur Hafidz Sanjaya, Hafidz Hamdallah, Dika Puja Hamdikatama, Bimantyoso Hamka Suyuti Hamzah Hamzah Hanif Al Fatta Hanif Al Fatta HANIF AL FATTA Hanif Al Fattah Hanifa Ramadhani Hari Susanto Harlyan, Ledhyane Eka Henderi . Hendi Muhammad, Alva Heri Sismoro Hidayat, Aji Said Wahyudi Hidayat, Kardilah Rohmat Hizbul Izzi I Made Adi Purwantara I Made Artha Agastya Ilham Mubarog Imam Syafii Imam Syafii Imam Thoib Irianies Cahya Gozali Irwan Jatmiko Ishaq, Syafrial Yanuar Jimmy H Moedjahedy José Ramón Martínez Salio Kamila, Firda Nikmatul Karaman, Jamilah Kartikasari, Wahida Khairan marzuki Khasanah, Nabiila Rizqi Kholida Zia Abidin Komang Aryasa Kris Agung Kudrati, Amelinda Vivian Kumara Ari Yuana Kumoro, Danang Tejo Kurniawan, Mei P Kusnawi Kusnawi KUSRINI Kusrini Kusrini Kusrini, Kusrini La Ariandi, Hadin López, Alba Puelles M. Diah M. Rudyanto Arief M. RUDYANTO ARIEF Maehendrayuga, Arief Mardya Hayati Marsela, Kristina Martiani, Evi Martínez-Béjar, Rodrigo Mei P Kurniawan Mei P. Kurniawan Miftahul Madani Mohamad Syafri Lamato Morita Puspita Sari Muchamad Zainul Muhamad Maksum Hidayat Muhammad Arif Asadi, Muhammad Arif Muhammad Arif Rahman Muhammad Azmi Muhammad Ghozaly Salim Muhammad Javier Irsyad Muhammad Reza Muhammad Reza Riansyah Muhammad Yusuf Munandar, Arief Muqorobin Muqorobin Nabhaan, Ahmad Naufal Labiib Nabilla, Azma Salma Nadea Cipta Laksmita Nasiri, Asro Naufal Hilda Bahtiar nfn Sarip Nggego, Dedy Abdianto Ni Nyoman Utami Januhari, Ni Nyoman Nico Rahman Caesar Nila Feby Puspitasari, Nila Feby Nina Kurnia Hikmawati Nisrina, Aliyya Nizery, Sefhanissa Puspa Retno Nuddin Harahab Nugroho, Agung Nur Khamidah oktiyas muzaky Luthfi, oktiyas muzaky Pahlawan, Muammar Reza Pangestu, Wanda Suryani Pattisahusiwa, Annisa Shafira P. Prayoghi, M. Lukman Publikasi), (Menunda Putra, Muhammad Naufal Eka Putri, Berlania Mahardika Rachmanto, Rakandhiya Daanii Rafif Zul Fahmi Rahmad Arif Setiawan Rahman, Aulia Tegar Rahmat Taufik R.L Bau Rakandhiya Daanii Rachmanto Ramdhani, Mohamad Dhicy Rarasrum Dyah Kasitowati Ratno Kustiawan Ria Andriani Ripto Sudiyarno Rismayani Rismayani Roni Sasongko Rudyanto Arief Sadikin, Moh. Fal Samuel, Pratama Diffi San Sudirman Saputra, Tedy Eko Sarah Bunda Desi Bawan Sarip, nfn Seniwati, Erni Septiansyah, Moch. Rafli Shahruri, Rifandi Annas Simone Martin Marotta Siswo Utomo, Mardi Siti Alvi Sholikhatin Siti Halimah Soejono, Ajie Wibowo Sriyati Sriyati Stephan Adriansyah Hulukati Suardi, Heri Sucianingsih, Ni Komang Diah Sudarmawan Sudarmawan Sudarmawan Sudarmawan Sudarmawan Sudarmawan Sudarmawan, Sudarmawan Sudirman, San Suhardi Aras Sukoco Sunardi Sunardi Supriyadi Supriyadi Supriyadi Supriyadi Suwanto Raharjo Suyadi Suyadi Suyuti, Hamka Syarief, Salsabila Nazmie Putri TONNY HIDAYAT Totok Wahyu Caturiyanto Tri Djoko Lelono Tumulyadi, Agus Tyas, Herlin Widi Aning Utama, Andria Ansri Veithzal Rivai Zainal Wahyu Nugroho Widhiarta, Widhiarta Wijaya, Sony Yasmin, Delviega Aisyah Yeni Kartika Sari, Yeni Kartika Yorarizka, Putri Devi Yuliana Yuliana Yumna, Orryza Nayla Zul Hisyam