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Karakteristik Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) dan Hubungannya dengan Fotosintesis Raden, Ince; Purwoko, Bambang S.; Hariyadi, ,; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Santosa, Edi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 36 No. 2 (2008): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (311.507 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v36i2.20513

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The objective of this research was to study the morphology and physiology of jatropha leaves and its relation to photosynthesis. Research was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design with single factor, i.e., leaf ages at the canopy with ten replications. The results showed that jatropha had phyllotaxy 5/13 with angular divergence 1380 . In early growing leaf enlarged sharply and then constant after 9 week, remaining green for 14 weeks. Chlorophyll a, b, and total achieved maximum at 9 week, i.e., 0.45 g/cm2 , 0.19 g/cm2 , and 0.62 g/cm2 , respectively. Photosynthesic rate was maximum at 6 week, i.e., 8.99 µmol/m2 /s, while number of stomata was maximum at 9 week (289.47 mm2 ). This finding implies that leaf number 11 to 13 or age 6 week after emergence could be used as reference for photosynthetic evaluation.
Growth and Yield of Six Soybean Genotypes on Short-term Flooding Condition in the Type-B Overflow Tidal Swamps Sagala, Danner; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Trikoesoemaningtyas, Trikoesoemaningtyas; Lubis, Iskandar; Shiraiwa, Tatsuhiko; Homma, and Koki
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 47 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (322.781 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v47i1.21604

Abstract

A study to explore the agronomic response of some soybean genotypes to temporary flooding in the type-B overflow tidal swamp and to obtain the adaptive genotype to the environment was arranged in a split-plot design at coordinates 2°64’46.77” S and 104°75’27.75” E with an altitude of 3.5 m above sea level. The main plot was subject to short-term flooding with a variety of cultivation technologies consisting of saturated soil culture (SSC) for one month without flooding, SSC for one month with flooding, SSC during plant growth without flooding, SSC during plant growth with flooding and non-SSC/dry cultivation. The subplot was soybean genotype consisting of 6 genotypes: Tanggamus, Karasumame (Naihou), M652, Anjasmoro, M100-47-52-13, and Tachinagaha. The result showed that impaired soybean growth at the beginning of the growth stage caused pressure on the later growth stage and decreased soybean yield. Short-term flooding reduced the soybean yield. The non-tropical genotypes of Karasumamae (Naihou), M652 and Tachinagaha produced the lowest yield of seeds; 20% lower than the tropical genotypes of Anjasmoro, M100-47-52-13 and Tanggamus with SSC during plant growth without flooding treatment. The Karasumame (Naihou) genotype produced the highest seed yield of the three non-tropical genotypes. Anjasmoro and M100-47-52-13 produced the highest seed yield at temporary flooding.
Karakter Percabangan Malai Genotipe Padi Sawah pada Berbagai Level Dosis Fosfor Hastini, Tri; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Hajrial, dan Aswidinnoor
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 47 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (592.034 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v47i2.25243

Abstract

Yield grain of rice was determined by genetical and environmental factors, one of them was genetic response on levelof phosphorus. Rice panicle branching was one of the key factors on supporting rice yield. The study aimed to find out ricepanicle branching responses to phosphorus. Controlled experiment was conducted on September 2017 - February 2018, usingtwo genotypes planted on poor soil media and six levels of phosphorus as treatments, arranged in completely randomizeddesign. Panicle branching characters were observed on the experiment. The experiment showed the genotype’s effects atall panicle branching except number of tertiary branches and number of grains on tertiary branches. Phosphorus affectedpanicle branching except panicle length, primary branch length, and number of grain on tertiary branches. Genotype andphosphorus interaction appeared at all panicle branching except number of primary branch, number of tertiary branches,number of grains on tertiary branches, and the percentage of grains number on tertiary branches. The panicle of genotypeIPB180-12 was likely more stabil to the various levels of phosphorus, meanwhile the panicle of genotype IPB158-5 moresensitive. According to the polynomial regression evaluation, the optimum level of P2O5 for the sensitive genotype was 421.92kg ha-1, and for the tolerant genotype was 108 kg ha-1 in poor soil.
Kajian Berbagai Pola Tanam terhadap Peningkatan Produktivitas Jagung dan Kedelai dengan Berbagai Varietas Jagung Sari, Siti Hapita; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Melati, Maya
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 48 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.862 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v48i3.32267

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The reduction in agricultural land due to land conversion has encouraged several technological innovations in cultivation systems, including intercropping planting patterns. The study aimed to study various intercropping patterns with several varieties of maize which can increase production. The research was conducted at the Sawah Baru Experimental Station of the IPB University, Darmaga, Bogor, from November 2018 to February 2019 using a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot was the cropping systems, consisting of monoculture, single-row intercropping, double-rows intercropping, and triple-rows intercropping. The subplot was the maize varieties, consisting of Sukmaraga, Bima 19, and BISI 2. Regression and correlation analyses were carried out to determine the relationship between microclimate and productivity. The results showed that the productivity of maize and soybean was affected by the interaction between cropping patterns and varieties. The highest productivity of maize was obtained from the intercropping pattern of double rows of BISI 2 maize (7.33 ton ha-1), while the lowest maize productivity was in the intercropping pattern of a single row of Bima 19 maize (2.93 ton ha-1). The highest productivity of soybean was obtained from the intercropping cropping pattern of a single row of BISI 2 maize. The effect of microclimate on various cropping patterns with productivity in this study was a little. Land equivalent ratios (LER) in all treatments were greater than 1 except for intercropping 1 row of Bima 19 maize, indicating that intercropping can increase land productivity. Keywords: cropping pattern, intercropping, land equivalent ratio (LER), maize varieties
Ameliorasi Rizosfer Kedelai Menggunakan Jerami, Abu Sekam, dan Dolomit Siti Ria Chaerunisa; Munif Ghulamahdi; Lubis, Iskandar
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 49 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (404.373 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v49i2.34964

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Keberhasilan praktik budidaya jenuh air di lahan pasang surut untuk meningkatkan produksi kedelai perlu didukung dengan ameliorasi. Rizosfer merupakan area terjadinya hubungan timbal balik yang intensif antara tanaman, tanah, dan mikroorganisme tanah, namun pengaruh dari ameliorasi melalui rizosfer belum jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh ameliorasi menggunakan jerami, abu sekam, dan dolomit pada rizosfer terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan rawa pasang surut tipe luapan B dari bulan Mei sampai dengan Agustus 2019. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah split-split plot dengan jerami, abu sekam, dan dolomit masing-masing sebagai petak utama, anak petak, dan anak-anak petak. Jerami diaplikasikan dengan cara pembenaman, sedangkan abu sekam dan dolomit diaplikasikan pada rizosfer saat penanaman. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi bobot biomassa kering, kadar hara daun P, Fe, dan Al, jumlah polong isi, dan produktivitas tanaman kedelai. Aplikasi abu sekam dengan jerami atau dengan dolomit dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Kombinasi antara abu sekam dosis 400 kg ha-1 dengan jerami 4 ton ha-1 menghasilkan produktivitas tertinggi dengan nilai 2.94 ton ha-1. Kata kunci: budidaya jenuh air, cekaman abiotik, lahan pasang surut, rizosfer
Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jagung Manis yang Ditumpangsarikan dengan Kacang Tunggak pada Lahan Pasca Tambang Batu Andesit Salsabila; Heni Purnamawati; Munif Ghulamahdi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 50 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (443.546 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v50i1.39312

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Revegetasi merupakan upaya memperbaiki kondisi tanah akibat penambangan melalui penambahan bahan organik dan penanaman sehingga nilai ekologis serta ekonomi tanah meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi terkait pertumbuhan, produksi, nisbah kesetaraan lahan jagung manis yang ditumpangsarikan dengan kacang tunggak pada lahan pasca tambang batu andesit. Percobaan dilakukan di lahan bekas tambang PT. Diaz Pratama Utama, Kabupaten Serang, Provinsi Banten, pada bulan Maret hingga Juni 2020. Penelitian disusun berdasarkan rancangan faktorial kelompok lengkap teracak yang terdiri atas dua faktor yaitu jumlah baris tanaman kacang tunggak sebagai tanaman sela dan dosis pupuk kandang kambing. Faktor tanaman sela terdiri atas satu baris dan dua baris kacang tunggak. Faktor dosis pupuk kandang kambing terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu 0, 5, 10, dan 15 ton ha-1. Setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk kandang kambing 10 ton ha-1 dan pola dua baris tanaman sela kacang tunggak memberikan pengaruh yang terbaik terhadap karakter pertumbuhan jagung manis dan menghasilkan produktivitas jagung manis tertinggi yaitu 12.2 ton ha-1. Penanaman jagung manis dengan pemberian pupuk kandang kambing 10 ton ha-1 dan dua baris tanaman kacang tunggak meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan lahan sebesar 56%. Kata kunci: C-organik, produktivitas, revegetasi, serapan hara, tanaman sela
Relay-cropping soybean-maize in saturated soil culture increases efficiency of land use and nitrogen fertilizer Suntari; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Maya Melati
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 51 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (376.193 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/ija.v51i1.44905

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Relay-cropping in saturated soil cultivation could increase land efficiency, but its effect on land use and nitrogen fertilizer efficiency is unclear. The research objective was to evaluate the land productivity of the relay-cropping system by calculating the land equivalent ratio (LER) and the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizer, and by determining the effect of previous soybean biomass. The experiment was arranged in a three-factor randomized complete block design. The first factor was the cropping patterns of soybean and maize, i.e., relay-cropping soybean-maize and maize monoculture. The second factor was the maize varieties, i.e., Pioneer 27 and Sukmaraga. The third factor was the application of N fertilizer with 4 doses: 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1. The results showed that the application of soybean biomass increased maize yield by 7.24%. Pioneer 27 produced a higher yield than Sukmaraga, and the dose of N fertilizer of 150 kg ha-1 resulted in the highest yield of 7.50 tons ha-1. The highest LER of 1.85% was achieved in the relay-cropping by applying N fertilizer 150 kg ha-1. The experiment concludes relay-cropping after soybean save land by about 85% and save N fertilizer by 33.3%. The reduction of N fertilizer application by 33.3% (100 kg N ha-1) reduced corn cob productivity by 13.3%, and is not significantly different from 150 kg N ha-1. Keywords: chlorophyll, LER, plant residue
Growth, yield, and land use efficiency of soybean-maize relay cropping under saturated soil culture on tidal swamps Sahuri, Sahuri; Munif Ghulamahdi; Suwarto
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 51 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (591.897 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/ija.v51i1.45811

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More than 75 percent of households growing maize and soybean adopts the monoculture method. The relay cropping of soybean-maize is a strategic choice to increase the planted area and productivity of these two commodities' sustainability in tidal swamps. The research aimed to study the land equivalent ratio (LER), determine the best planting spacing and soybean varieties, and the best relay cropping of maize on saturated soil culture in tidal swamps. The experiment was on mineral soils with type B tidal swamps, in Banyuasin, South Sumatra, from July to December 2022. The experiment used a three-factor randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was soybean varieties: Argomulyo, Gepak Kuning, Detap 1, and Demas 1, the second factor was soybean planting spacing: 78 cm x 15 cm x 12.5 cm and 60 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm, and the third factor was the relay cropping of maize: 30 and 45 days after planting (DAP) of soybeans. Results showed that plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, filled pods, 100 seeds weight, and seed yield were influenced significantly by varieties. Demas 1 variety produced a higher seed yield, with relay cropping and monoculture, i.e., 4.2 tons ha-1 and 4.1 tons ha-1, respectively. Plant height, stem diameters, number of leaves, 100 grains weight, and grain yield in maize were significantly higher at soybean planting spacing of 78 cm x 15 cm x 12.5 cm and relay cropping at 30 DAP. The LER values > 1, indicated that relay cropping increased land productivity as compared to monoculture cultivation. The LER at relay cropping of 30 DAP was significantly highest for Argomulyo and Detap 1 varieties, i.e., 1.8 and 1.8, respectively. Keywords: Land equivalent ratio, planting spacing, relay cropping, saturated soil culture, tidal swamps
Growth and production of soybean on different inoculant sources of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and water saturation periods Sefrila, Marlin; Munif Ghulamahdi; Purwono, Purwono; Maya Melati; Irdika Mansur
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 51 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (328.251 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/ija.v51i1.46041

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Production expansion to suboptimal areas such as tidal land through the application of integrated land management technology is an effort to increase soybean production in Indonesia. The study aimed to evaluate the morphophysiological response of soybean treated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation and duration of water saturation in tidal land. The study was conducted in April-October 2021 in the plastic house of the Research Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Palembang. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with two factors and 3 replications. The first factor was the source of AMF propagations (without inoculations, corn inoculants, soybean inoculants, sugarcane inoculants, and soybean-sugarcane inoculants). The second factor was the water saturation periods (0, 2, and 4 months since planting), so there are 15 treatments. The results showed that the interaction between the inoculant sources and the duration of water saturation had no significant effect on all parameters. The inoculant propagated in the media of sugarcane produced the highest effect as compared to other treatments. The water saturation for 2 or 4 months since planting gave soybean plants a better morphophysiological response than conventional cultivation. Keywords: AMF inoculants; morphophysiology; saturated soil culture; soybean
Control of iron stress in water-saturated tidal land using ameliorant and its impact on rice productivity Wahyuni Lestari; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Purwono
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 51 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/ija.v51i2.48224

Abstract

Fe stress is a problem in swamp lands that reduces the growth and yield of rice. Providing various types of ameliorants and selecting rice varieties are considered an effort to obtain high rice productivity in tidal land. The research aimed to study the effect of various ameliorants on rice growth and production, and to obtain high productivity of tolerant variety to iron stress at different locations of tidal land. The research was conducted in Karya Bakti Village (1°10'34.8" S and 104°09’31.1” E), Rantau Rasau, East Tanjung Jabung, Jambi. This study adopted a split-plot design with different types and doses of ameliorant as the main plots and several rice varieties as the subplots with three replications. The results showed that the application of ameliorant rice husk ash, coconut husk ash, empty bunch oil palm compost, and goat manure stimulated vegetative and generative growth. Meanwhile, the Inpari 16 Pasundan variety was proven to have better growth and higher production as described through plant height, fresh weight of shoots and roots, dry weight of shoots and roots, root length, number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, 1,000 grain weight, and harvested dry grain. The highest rice production was in the Inpari 16 Pasundan variety, 9.3 tons ha-1 (low-Fe) and 7.6 tons ha-1 (high-Fe). The combination of rice husk ash (0.25 tons ha-1) + coconut husk ash (0.25 tons ha-1) + empty bunch oil palm compost (0.75 tons ha-1) + goat manure (0.75 tons ha-1) was the best combination to increase rice productivity. Inpari 16 Pasundan is considered a tolerant variety on tidal land with high-Fe stress. The interaction between ameliorants and varieties was significant on plant height at ages 2 and 4 weeks after planting at low-Fe, number of productive tillers at high-Fe, root length at low-Fe and high-Fe, 1,000-grain weight, and number of grains per panicle at low-Fe, and harvested dry grain at low-Fe and high-Fe. Keywords: B-type tidal fields, Fe stress cultivation, organic ameliorant, tolerant rice variety, water-saturated cultivation
Co-Authors , Hariyadi , Khaerana , Nirwan - Nuraeni -, Bachtiar . Hamim . Miftahudin A. HAITAMI Achmad Yozar Perkasa, Achmad Yozar AHMAD JUNAEDI Ahmad Rifqi Fauzi Aidi Noor Alce Ilona Noyaa Anas Dinurrohman Susila Andria Afrida Ani Kurniawati Ani Kurniawati Arraudah, Rahayu Atang Sutandi Atmaja, ian Surya Fitra Aziz, Sandra Bachtiar Bachtiar Bambang S. Purwoko Bambang Sapta Purwoko Bayu Krisnamurthi Bayuanggara Cahya Ramadhan Budi Hartoyo BUDI HARTOYO, BUDI BUDI MARTONO Cahyo, Septian Dwi Danner Sagala Desta Wirnas Didy Sopandie Dwi Guntoro Edi Djauhari Purwakusumah Edi Santosa Eko Sulistyono Endriani , Etty Pratiwi, Etty Faadhilah, Fajar Faqih Udin Farizi, Ahmad Rifqi Firdaus Puja Santana Fred Rumawas HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hamim Hamim Hamim Hamim Hanessa Putry, Regata Ringga Hardjosoewignyo, Soedarmadi Haridjaja, dan Oteng Haridjaja, Oteng Herawati, Nani Hermanasari, Rini Hermanto Hermanto Hesti Pujiwati HESTI PUJIwATI Hesti Pujiwati Hidayah , Riska Firotul Hizbi, Muhammad Syamil Homma, and Koki Ilona Noyaa, Alce Impron Impron Ince Raden Irdika Mansur Irdika Mansur Iskandar Lubis JAJAH KOSWARA Joedojono Wiroatmodjo Khairil Anwar Koki Homma LA KOLAKA LA KOLAKA, LA Latifah K. Darusman LATIFAH K. DARUSMAN M A Chozin Manullang, Frisca Anggriani Manullang, Nadya Inri MARIA BINTANG Marlin Sefrila Maulana, Arlingga Ichwan Maya Melati Miftahuddin Miftahuddin Miftahuddin Miftahudin . MIFTAHUDIN ., MIFTAHUDIN Muhammad Syamil Hizbi Muis, Ridwan Mustika Tripatmasari Tripatmasari Nasution, Siti Nurminah Nurliani Bermawie NURLIANI BERMAWIE Nurul Khumaida Nurwita Dewi Octivia Trisilawati Oteng Haridjaja Pienyani Rosawanti Purwono Purwono Purwono Purwono Purwono, Purwono Purwono, Purwono Ramadhan, Bayuanggara Cahya Rudi Suryadi Rudi Suryadi Sahuri Sahuri, Sahuri Salsabila Sandra A. Aziz Sandra Arifin Aziz Sandra Aziz Sari, Siti Hapita Sefrila, Marlin Selvie Diana Anis Sherly Rahayu Shiraiwa, Tatsuhiko Sintho Wahyuning Ardie Siti Maryam Harahap Siti Maryam Harahap Siti Ria Chaerunisa Sri Astuti Rais Sudirman Yahya Sudirman Yahya Sudradjat , Sugiyanta Sulistyono, dan Eko Suntari Suwarno Suwarno Suwarno, Suwarno Suwarto Suwarto Syarifuddin, Aip Taopik Ridwan Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa Taufan Hidayat Toyip Toyip TRI ASMIRA DAMAYANTI TRI HASTINI TRI KOESOEMANINGTYAS Trikoesoemaningtyas Turhadi Turhadi Ubad Badrudin Untung Susanto Wage Ratna Rohaeni Wahju Qamara Mugnisyah Wahyuni Lestari Willy Bayuardi Suwarno Yartiwi, Yartiwi Yonny Koesmaryono Yudhistira Nugraha Yudi Sastro YULIN LESTARI Yunita Fauziah Rahim Yunita Fauziah Rahim