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UJI POTENSI ANTITUBERKULOSIS EKSTRAK n-HEKSAN DAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN RIMBANG (Solanum torvum Sw.) SECARA IN VITRO Harianti, Evi; Fatimah, Cut; Gunawan, Muhammad; Lala, Andi
JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda)
Publisher : Universitas Imelda Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52943/jifarmasi.v8i1.1772

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which still affects many Indonesians and causes death. Currently, many people are resistant to treating tuberculosis using synthetic chemicals, so many sufferers find it difficult to recover, while the discovery of new drugs is still rare, therefore we need drugs made from natural ingredients that have been used by the community to treat coughs with phlegm and blood, which is one of the Symptoms of tuberculosis include rimbang leaves (Solanum torvum Sw.). Therefore, researchers conducted antituberculosis potential tests with rimbang leaf extract (Solanum torvum Sw.) with the aim of obtaining alternative medicines from plants that are rational, safe, cheap and easy to obtain. The extract was made by percolation using n-hexane followed by ethanol fractionation, then a phytochemical screening test was carried out on fresh leaves, simplicia, ethanol extract and n-hexane extract. The antituberculosis test of n-hexane extract and ethanol extract was carried out on Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria using the Lowenstein-Jensen method using patient sputum which was first identified using Ziehl Nielsen staining. The results of the phytochemical screening test showed that the chemical compound groups in fresh leaves, simplicia, ethanol extract and n-hexane extract, namely ethanol extract, were positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, steroids/triterpenoids. and tannins while the n-hexane extract was positive for glycosides and steroids/triterpenoids. The antituberculosis effectiveness of ethanol extract is stronger than n-hexane extract, because in the 1st week and 2nd week the ethanol extract was able to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, while the n-hexane extract from the 1st to the 4th week did not inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis at all.
Perbandingan Aktivitas Antibakteri Dekokta dan Infusa Daun Iler (Plectranthus Amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng.) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus dan Escherichia Coli Siregar, Rizki Marwiyah; Kusumastuti, Melati Yulia; Gunawan, Muhammad
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) Vol 5 No 01 (2024): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.6142

Abstract

Infectious diseases are one of the most common types of diseases suffered by people in developing countries including Indonesia. Bacteria are one of the main causes of infectious diseases and to treat bacterial infections can be done by administering antibacterial drugs. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of decoction and infusion from iler leaves (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng.) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. This research method uses quantitative and experimental nature by making infusion and decoction from iler leaves (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng.) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. This research was conducted from June to August 2024. The results of the study through phytochemical screening tests showed the same group of chemical compounds in the simplicia, decoction and infusion of iler leaves containing secondary metabolite compounds including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids, and glycosides. Then the antibacterial activity of iler leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria with various concentrations of 10%, 20% and 30% in decoction and infusion gave the strongest results at a concentration of 30%, namely in decoction with a concentration of 30% with an average inhibition zone of 12 mm, and infusion of 15.3 mm. While the antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli in decoction with a concentration of 30% with an average inhibition zone of 10.8 mm and in infusion with a concentration of 30% with an average inhibition zone of 11.9 mm. So, the test results show that infusion has higher antibacterial activity than decoction. And in the inhibition test on both bacteria, it inhibits Staphylococcus aureus bacteria faster than Escherichia coli.
PENGARUH LAMA RENDAMAN AIR LAUT SEBATIK MENGGUNAKAN ASPAL KARET DAN ASPAL PEN 60/70 BERDASARKAN UJI MARSHALL Liana, Ulwiyah Wahdah Mufassirin; Albar, Albar; Gunawan, Muhammad; Pitoyo, Pitoyo
Jurnal Kacapuri : Jurnal keilmuan Teknik Sipil Vol 7, No 2 (2024): Vol 7, No 2 2024 JURNAL KACAPURI : JURNAL KEILMUAN TEKNIK SIPIL (Edisi Desember
Publisher : Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31602/jk.v7i2.14288

Abstract

Penggunaan aspal pen 60/70 dan aspal karet terhadap variasi rendaman air laut dalam pengujian marshall merujuk pada karakteristik campuran dalam menciptakan perkerasan yang tahan lama. Tujuan dari pengujian ini untuk mengevaluasi waktu rendaman air laut yang memengaruhi campuran beton aspal berdasarkan pengujian marshall. Penelitian dimulai persiapan sampel campuran beton aspal menggunakan aspal yang dicampurkan karet ban bekas dan aspal pen 60/70. Sampel yang berjumlah 18 buah kemudian direndam dalam air laut Sebatik selama waktu tertentu. Data ini digunakan untuk membandingkan pengaruh lama rendaman pada kedua jenis aspal terhadap uji marshall. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, disimpulkan bahwa benda uji yang direndam air laut Sebatik dapat mempengaruhi kuat tekan campuran beton aspal. Pada perendaman 6 jam, 12 jam, dan 24 jam untuk aspal pen 60/70 mengalami penurunan nilai stabilitas berturut-turut 2729,98 kg, 2393,39 kg, dan 2278,99 kg. Sedangkan pada aspal campuran karet ban memiliki nilai stabilitasnya lebih rendah dibandingkan aspal pen 60/70 dengan nilai berturut-turut sebesar 2266,16 kg, 2116,25, dan 1774,76 kg. Untuk nilai VFWA, VITM, VFWA kedua jenis aspal telah memenuhi ketentuan Bina Marga 2018 revisi II, sedangkan untuk nilai VMA variasi rendaman 24 jam yang menggunakan aspal pen 60/70 tidak memenuhi kriteria yang telah ditentukan Bina Marga 2018.
Formulasi Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rambutan (Nephelium Lappaceum L.) Dan Uji Efektivitas Sebagai Pelembab Fadillah, Rizka; Safriana, Safriana; Gunawan, Muhammad
JURNAL KEBIDANAN, KEPERAWATAN DAN KESEHATAN (BIKES) Vol 4, No 2 (2024): J-BIKES NOVEMBER
Publisher : Mata Pena Madani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51849/j-bikes.v4i2.87

Abstract

Pelembab (moisturizer) adalah sediaan yang digunakan untuk memperbaiki kulit yang kering. Saat ini masyarakat banyak menggunakan krim pelembab. Daun rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) merupakan tumbuhan dengan antioksidan yang tinggi oleh karena itu peneliti ingin membuat pelembab menggunakan ekstrak etanol daun rambutan dengan berbagai konsentrasi yang dapat dan menjaga kelembapan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah sediaan krim ekstrak etanol daun rambutan memiliki efektivitas sebagai pelembab. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimental. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode proposive sampling. Ekstrak dibuat dengan cara maserasi menggunakan etanol 80%. Kemudian dilakukan uji skrining fitokimia terhadap simplisia, dan ekstrak etanol dan pelembab. Pembuatan formula krim pelembab dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15%. Selanjutnya dilakukan  uji mutu fisik sediaan dari ekstrak etanol dilakukan terhadap sukarelawan. Hasil uji skrining fitokimia menujukan golongan senyawa kimia pada simplisia dan ekstrak etanol daun rambutan positif alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid/triterpenoid, dan glikosida. Uji mutu ekstrak etanol mampu melembabkan kulit pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15%, stabil dalam penyimpanan, dapat menyebar di kulit, dan tidak menimbulkan iritasi pada penggunaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun rambutan konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15% dapat diformulasikan dalam krim pelembab dan memenuhi mutu fisik yang baik, kadar air pada konsentrasi 15% 27,05±13,69 dan pada kadar minyak 35,45±23,30.
Uji Potensi Antituberkulosis Ekstrak N-Heksan dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantiifolia) secara in Vitro Putri, Alya Rosandiyus; Fatimah, Cut; Gunawan, Muhammad; Safriana, Safriana
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) Vol 5 No 01 (2024): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.6181

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is widely suffered and causes death. Currently, antituberculosis treatment using synthetic chemicals has been widely resistant. The purpose of this study was to test the potential of lime extract to inhibit the growth of tuberculosis bacteria. This research method uses a quantitative approach and is experimental. The results of the study showed that the results of the phytochemical screening test showed the same group of chemical compounds in fresh leaves, simplex and ethanol extract of lime leaves, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and glycosides. While the n-hexane extract only contains steroids and glycosides. Then the effectiveness of antituberculosis can be seen from the ethanol extract being stronger than the n-hexane extract, namely in the 1st week there was inhibition while the n-hexane extract from the 1st week to the 4th week had bacterial growth.
Formulasi Hair Tonic Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) dan Uji Efektivitas Pertumbuhan Rambut pada Marmut Jantan (Cavia porcellus) Candani, Mella; Gunawan, Muhammad; Tanjung, Siti Aisyah; Bagas, Muhammad
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) Vol 5 No 01 (2024): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.6198

Abstract

Hair for humans has an important role, in addition to protecting the skin from adverse environments, hair also plays an important role in a person's appearance. Losing a lot of hair due to hair loss can cause a lack of self-confidence, disappointment, and frustration, so it must be addressed immediately so as not to worsen the condition that can cause baldness. This study aims to determine whether there is a content of secondary metabolite compounds in fresh herbal medicine, herbal medicine powder and ethanol extract of papaya fruit skin; ethanol extract of papaya fruit skin (Carica papaya L.) can be formulated in the form of hair tonic preparations; whether the difference in concentration of ethanol extract of papaya fruit skin (Carica papaya L.) provides different activities in triggering hair growth in guinea pigs. This research method uses a quantitative approach and is experimental with independent variables, namely papaya fruit skin, herbal medicine, and ethanol extract of papaya fruit skin with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%. Research stages: phytochemical screening of fresh papaya fruit peel, powdered simplicia and ethanol extract, hair tonic formulation containing ethanol extract of papaya fruit peel 10%, 20% and 30%, hair tonic evaluation includes: organoleptic, viscosity, stability, pH, irritation, and preference test. And hair growth activity test on male guinea pigs. The results showed that the ethanol extract of papaya fruit peel contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and glycosides, can be formulated into hair tonic (EEKP) that meets physical quality requirements. Hair tonic EEKP 30% is the best because it has high hair growth activity, which is an average of 16.375 mm where this EEKP 30% hair tonic has almost the same hair growth activity as the positive control, which is an average of 16.782 mm.
Penetapan Kadar Besi dan Seng Air Sumur Gali dan Sumur Bor pada Daerah Lenggadai Hilir secara Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom Anwar, Laila; Fatimah, Cut; Bagas F, Muhammad; Gunawan, Muhammad
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) Vol 5 No 01 (2024): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.6302

Abstract

Many people in Lenggadai Hilir Village, Rimba Melintang District, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau use dug well water and drilled well water as clean water, drinking water and household needs that look cloudy, colored and slightly odorous, possibly containing metals such as Fe and Zn. The content of Fe and Zn metals in clean water has the requirements of the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 416 / Menkes / PER / IX / 1990, namely a maximum of 1.0 mg / l Fe and a maximum of 15 mg / l Zn. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of Fe and Zn in the water used by the population. This research method is descriptive quantitative. Determination of Fe and Zn levels in water samples in the village was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), which were previously destroyed with nitric acid. Before determining the levels, it began with an identification test with several chemical reactions to ensure the presence of Fe and Zn content in the samples. The results showed that all samples tested contained Fe and Zn. All samples of drilled wells contain Fe, the levels of which do not meet the requirements and all Zn samples meet the requirements, from 8 dug well samples there are 6 dug well samples contaminated with Fe, namely dug well 1 (1), dug well 1 (2), dug well 2 (1), dug well 2 (2), dug well 3 (1) and dug well 3 (2). Thus, the water used by the community as clean water and household needs should not be used for household water needs and drinking water before processing and filtering before consumption.
Formulasi Sediaan Masker Gel Ekstrak Etanol dari Daun Kembang Sepatu (Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis L.) Sebagai Pelembab Kulit Sari, Secillia May; Tanjung, Siti Aisyah; Gunawan, Muhammad; Safriana, Safriana
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) Vol 5 No 01 (2024): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.6503

Abstract

Skin often dries out due to evaporation and loss of moisture due to dry air, hot weather, aging, skin diseases, etc., so that the skin surface becomes scaly and wrinkled. Moisturizers consist of ingredients that can form and change the texture of dry and rough skin and reduce water evaporation from the skin. The purpose of this study was to analyze the formulation of a gel mask preparation of ethanol extract from hibiscus leaves (Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis L.) as a skin moisturizer. This study was conducted using an experimental method using hibiscus leaves (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) as a test material obtained by maceration using 80% ethanol solvent which had previously been tested for phytochemical screening and characterization of simplicia. The stages of this study include: making hibiscus leaf extract, making gel mask preparations, organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, stability tests, viscosity tests, pH tests, spreadability tests, drying time tests, irritation tests, preference tests and skin moisturizer effectiveness tests. Phytochemical screening results showed that hibiscus leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and glycosides. Preparations with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% produced a homogeneous and stable gel mask from the first day to the 4th week, the pH of the preparation ranged from 6.30-6.56, the viscosity test produced 4.116-5.067, the spreadability test 6.2-6.7 cm, the dry time preparation test 20-22 minutes, the irritation test on volunteers showed no irritation and itching, the preference test value produced by the panelists liked the preparation from a concentration of 15% in terms of color, aroma and shape, and the effectiveness test as a skin moisturizer for water content taken from the highest concentration of 15% obtained an average result of 32.97 ± 2.93%, and for a decrease in oil content obtained 36.71 ± 6.89%.
Improving Ustaz and Ustazah Communication Skills for Students at TPQ Rojaul Khoir Griya Mijen Permai Semarang Firmansyah, Asep; Kasmuri, Kasmuri; Gunawan, Muhammad; Lijea, Isma Ae; Ahmed, Tanjeel
Prosperity: Journal of Society and Empowerment Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/prosperity.v4i2.20553

Abstract

This research aims, firstly, to provide knowledge and understanding to ustaz and ustazah about the importance of communication while at the same time providing reinforcement on how to apply communication skills in the learning process to santri or students and secondly to find out the results of implementing the communication skills that teachers have in the learning process. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytical using a participatory approach. The research instrument used interviews. The subject of the activity is the teachers and the field of education. Activities to improve the communication skills of ustaz and ustazah for students of TPQ Rojaul Khoir, Mijen Semarang were carried out for four days and were attended by 40 participants consisting of teachers, prayer teachers in the field of education, and other managers. After carrying out a workshop to improve communication skills for ustaz and ustazah, the activity continued with evaluating and preparing a follow-up program using brainstorming. The importance of communication strategies taught by students at TPQ Rojaul Khoir to improve learning quality is a common concern, so communication skills should be part of implementing activity programs at TPQ Rojaul Khoir. After communication skills were implemented in learning activities, there was a change for the better; namely, the class was more controlled, and the learning process was more meaningful.
EVALUASI SEDIAAN DEODORANT SPRAY EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEMUNING (Murraya paniculata L.) Gunawan, muhammad; fatimah, cut; ana, safri; Cantika, Puja Widya
Parapemikir : Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Vol 14, No 1 (2025): Parapemikir : Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Politeknik Harapan Bersama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30591/pjif.v14i1.8133

Abstract

Bau badan adalah masalah yang dapat dialami oleh siapa saja, sehingga diperlukan sediaan untuk mengatasinya. Saat ini, telah banyak produk penghilang bau badan berbahan kimia sintetis yang tersedia di pasaran, namun sering kali menimbulkan gangguan pada kesehatan kulit. Oleh karena itu, dicari alternatif penghilang bau badan dari bahan alami, Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki aroma harum dan berpotensi mengatasi bau badan adalah daun kemuning (Murraya paniculata L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan ekstrak etanol daun kemuning ke dalam sediaan deodoran spray dan menguji efektivitasnya sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan membuat deodoran spray dari ekstrak etanol daun kemuning dalam konsentrasi 2%, 4% dan 6%. Dilakukan skrining fitokimia pada daun kemuning segar, simplisia serta ekstrak etanolnya. Sediaan cair deodoran spray dievaluasi meliputi uji organoleptik, stabilitas, homogenitas, pH dan efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun kemuning serta metode ALT terhadap bakteri penyebab bau badan. Selain itu, dilakukan juga uji iritasi pada kulit sukarelawan dan uji kesukaan terhadap sediaan. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa daun kemuning ekstrak etanolnya mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang sama, yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, glikosida, saponin, serta steroid/triterpenoid. Semua formula deodoran spray dengan kandungan ekstrak etanol daun kemuning 2%, 4%, dan 6% memenuhi syarat mutu fisik. Sediaan dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol 4% paling disukai oleh panelis dari segi aroma, warna, konsistensi, serta kemudahan dan kenyamanan saat digunakan, tanpa menyebabkan iritasi kulit. Sementara itu, sediaan dengan konsentrasi 6% menunjukkan efektivitas antibakteri yang sangat kuat terhadap spesimen keringat ketiak sukarelawan, dengan penurunan jumlah koloni bakteri sebesar 79,98%.