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Imam Subekti
Brawijaya University
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Effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on depressive symptoms, C-peptide, serotonin, and neurotrophin-3 in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial Putranto, Rudi; Setiati, Siti; Nasrun, Martina W.; Witjaksono, Fiastuti; Immanuel, Suzanna; Subekti, Imam; Harimurti, Kuntjoro; Siswanto, Agus; Shatri, Hamzah; Suwarto, Suhendro; Megantara, Marcelino A.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1342

Abstract

The coexistence of depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can significantly worsen disease prognosis and lower quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency contributes to the progression of T2DM and is closely associated with the development of depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cholecalciferol on depression in patients with T2DM, exploring its mechanisms by analyzing its impact on C-peptide, serotonin, and neurotrophin-3 levels. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, from April 2021 to September 2022. Patients with T2DM and depressive symptoms were randomly assigned to two groups: received 4000 IU of cholecalciferol daily and received a placebo for 12 weeks. Depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) before and 12 weeks after the intervention. The levels of C-peptide, serotonin, and neurotrophin-3 were measured at the end of the fourth week of intervention using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Between-group comparisons were made using independent Student t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. Paired Student t-tests or Wilcoxon tests were applied for within-group comparisons between pre- and post-intervention. A total of 70 T2DM patients with depression were included in this study, comprising 38 patients in the cholecalciferol group and 32 in the placebo group. C-peptide levels increased significantly in the cholecalciferol group compared to the placebo group (p=0.006). No significant differences were observed in serotonin and NT-3 levels between the cholecalciferol group compared to the placebo group. The cholecalciferol group had a significantly greater reduction in BDI-II scores compared to the placebo group (p<0.001). This trial highlights that taking cholecalciferol might help ease mild to moderate depression symptoms in patients with T2DM by enhancing c-peptide levels, though its effects on serotonin and neurotrophin-3 are still unclear.
Co-Authors . Rosidi Aabdulrahim, Mohamed Omar Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Abdul Ghofar Abdulrahim, Mohamed Omar Achsin, M Aditya Pramudita Agus Siswanto Ahmad Syukri Aiman, Rahmat Ainurrizky, Faiz Alamsyah, Farhan Alshrife, Fouad Mohammed AM, Lutfirrahman Andriani, Rina Anna Retno Widayanti Any Setyarini, Any Aria Kekalih Arief Bachtiar Arif, Taufan Ariyani, Imelda Aqhna Arum Prastiwi Asri C. Adisasmita Aulia Fuad Aulia Fuad Rahman Aulia, Nur Fitri aziwantoro, juni Bambang Hariadi Bambang Purnomosidhi Bambang Purnomosidhi Bambang Subroto Bambang Subroto Bambang Subroto Bani Alkausar Budi Sampurna Ciptaningtyas, Maria Diah Dahlia, Dina Dante S Harbuwono, Dante S Dante Saksono Harbuwono Denissa Nadya Tiffany Denny Suntoro DEWI DIAH FAKHRIYYAH Dewiruna, Intansari Dicky Andriyanto Dicky Andriyanto Dyah Puspasari Dyah Widodo E. Mudjaddid A. Siswanto Deddy N.W.Achadiono Hamzah Shatri Edhi Martono Edy Suandi Hamid edy suyanto Eko Ganis Sukoharsono Ellis Afri Zumaila Elly Kristiani Purwendah Em Yunir, Em Endang Mardiati Enrico, Louis Erlina Suci Astuti, Erlina Suci Erowati, Eti Mul Erwin Saraswati Esthika Dewiasty, Esthika Eva Fauzia Dian Pratiwi Eva Vajriyanti Faizal Angga Nugraha Fajar Lazuardi Sofwan Farhan Hariadi Pratama Fariz Hermawan Fathurahman, Meiduari Fatmawati Fatmawati Felicia Kurniawan, Felicia Fiastuti Witjaksono Fitri Purnamasari Fitri Rahayu Gracia Masita Gularso, Kurnadi Hafifa, Risma Hari Hendarto Hatma, Ratna Djuwita Hisky Ryan Kawulur Indah Putri Utami Indra Wijaya Kusuma Indriyati, Titi Inke Livia Inne Yuliawati, Inne Intan Lifinda Ayuning Putri Intansari Dewiruna Irawansyah, Melvin Iwan Triyuwono Kanti, Annisa Nabila Karnila, Dendang Kartika, Nugrahani Candra Kasful Anwar Kholilah Kholilah Kimiatissa'adah Kuntjoro Harimurti Kurniasari Novi Hardanti Kurniawidjaja, Meily Laurentius A Pramono, Laurentius A Laurentius Aswin Pramono Lias Hasibuan Lilik Purwanti Maharani, Karmelia Dwi Malawat, Fadli Fendi Malinda Kharista Mardiati, Endang Marsaid Megantara, Marcelino A. Meliana Octavia Meliana Octavia, Meliana Mohamad Fadhli Azhmi Mohamad Khoiru Rusydi Muhammad Arief Rasyid Muyassaroh, Isyrohil Nadia Damayanti Nadjib, Mardiati Nasrun, Martina W. Naya Ernawati Ni Luh Putri Setyastrini Ni Made Wisni Arie Pramuki Noval Adib Novita Ayu Chandra Dewi Novita Dewi NURUL HIDAYAH Nurul Pujiastuti ONIZ ULFA PERMATA Parida, Parida Pramita Sukma Wardani Pramuki, Ni Made Wisni Arie Prihartono, Nurhayati Adnan Prima Ramdani Ariesty Priyatna Bagus Susanto Ramadhani, Ranita Rampay, Arthur Samuel Ranita Ramadhani Rasyid, Muhammad Arief Rini Adriani Auliana Roekhudin, Roekhudin Roidah, Lidya Sara Ronasari Mahaji Putri Rudi Hamarno Rudi Iswanto, Rudi Rudi Putranto Sabarinah Prasetyo Safinatunnajah, Salma Setya Ardani, Devi Shalsadilla, Shavira Sirajudin Siti Setiati Soewarta Kosen Solikhah, Fitriana Kurniasari Sri Lestari SUADUON, JOGIE Sugeng Wahyudi, Sugeng Suhendro Suwarto, Suhendro Sukandar Sukrisno, Heru Sulastyawati Sulastyawati Sulistiyowati Gandariyah Afkari Suprajitno Susiaty SUTRISNO SUTRISNO SUTRISNO Sutrisno Sutrisno Suzanna Immanuel Syafi’i, Maulidya Sandi Syarif , Muhammad Teguh, Salman Al-Farizi Adi Telly Purnamasari Tjhin Wiguna Tyas, Maria Diah Ciptaning Unti Ludigdo Ustman Ustman Ustman Ustman Utari, Dewi Wahfiuddin, Muhammad Waskita Wijaya, Ananda Candra Widura Imam Mustopo, Widura Imam Widya, Yeney Wiyono, Joko Woro Riyadina Yayuk Totallia Yeney Widya Prihatiningtias Yessica Natalia Yudha, Pramitha Yuro Bimo Kusumo Yuyut Krisdiantoro Zaki Baridwan