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Journal : Waste Technology

Management of Peat Fires on Smoldering Phase (Case Study: District Siak and District Kampar Riau Province) Syafrudin Syafrudin; Haryono S. Huboyo; Bella Nasila D
Waste Technology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (574.266 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/3.2.47-54

Abstract

The difficulty of finding land for farming activities in Indonesia caused some communities began to switch utilizing peat land for agricultural areas such as oil palm. Oil palm plantation is a commodity that has been developed in Indonesia.Oil palm planted area has increased rapidly.Since 1967 extensive oil palm plantations has increased 35times to 5.6 million ha in 2005 and about 7.8 million ha in 2009. The biggest expansion of oil palm plantations occur in 6 province,one of them is Riau.Most people take a practical way to open agricultural areas by burning peat.Riau Province in Indonesia is one of the major hotspots for peat fires during the dry season. Peat fire at smouldering phaseemits a lot of compounds that are not completely oxidized (e.g. CO, VOCs, PAHs) that more dangerous than the emissions released during combustion at flaming fires. Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) is one of the emissions from peat fires too.However, existing data on VOCs and PM 2.5 of smoke from peat fires Indonesia is still limited.The aim of this study was to analyze the concentration of VOCs and PM 2.5 on emissions from peat fires in the Langkai Village Siak District and RimboPanjang Village Kampar District Riau Province when compared with background site and the permissible exposure limit and provide recommendations based on the results of this research.VOCs measurement method is based on NIOSH 1500 and EPA TO-17 while the PM 2.5 based on IMPROVE A method. The average concentration of PM 2.5 is 996.72 ± 531.01μg/m3. PM2.5 concentrations increased (compared with the background site) was very high at 4,838%.This condition causes a decrease in air quality and serious health problems. While the results of the maximum TVOCs concentration obtained in Siak District was 391,880 g/m3, while in Kampar Districtwas 195,940 g/m3. TVOCs concentration atSiak Districtwas 130.63 times greater than the existing quality standards, while at Kampar District regency was 65.31 times.Environmental improvement recommendations based on the results of this research were buffer zone areadesign to reduce air pollution as a result of peat fires and sealing the ditchs to prevent the spread of fires.
The Utilization of Bottom Ash Coal for Briquette Products by Adding Teak Leaves Charcoal, Coconut Shell Charcoal, and Rice Husk Charcoal Syafrudin Syafrudin; Badrus Zaman; Indriyani Indriyani; A. Stevie Erga; H. Bunga Natalia
Waste Technology Vol 3, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1035.141 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/3.1.14-21

Abstract

The limitations of the availability of energy sources especially fuel oil has become a serious threat for the society. The use of coal for energy source as the replacement of fuel oil, in one hand, is very profitable, but on the other hand, will cause problem which is the coal ash residue. This coal ash is a by-product of coal combustion. This coal ash contains bottom ash. Through this observation, the bottom ash can be processed to be charcoal if added by teak leaves, coconut shell, and rice husk. Also, this observation needs to add binder materials for further processing in order to form briquette. It can be used as alternative fuel, the utilization of bottom ash and biomass will give positive impact to the environment. This observation was conducted by using compositions such as bottom ash, teak leaves, coconut shell, and rice husk. The treatment was using comparison 100%:0% ; 80%:20% ; 60%:40% ; 50%:50% ; 40%:60% ; 20%:80% ; 0%:100%. The result that the best briquette was on the composition of 20% bottom ash : 80% coconut shell. The characteristic values from that composition were moisture content of 3.45%, ash content of 17,32%, calorific value of 7.945,72 Cal/gr, compressive strength of 2,18 kg/cm2, level of CO of 105 mg/m3, and heavy metals Cu of 29,83 µg/g and  Zn 32,99 µg/g. The characteristic value from each briquette composition treatment showed that the increasing usage proportion of biomass as added material for briquette was able to increase its moisture content and calorific value. Besides, it is also able to decrease its ash content and compressive strength
Co-Authors . Widayat A'yun, Husnul Karimah Qurrata A, Sadhu Adwitya A. Stevie Erga Abdullah, Nabil Izza Achmad Hufad Agung Wardana Agus Hartoko Alfaruqi, Nuri Thobibatus Shofia Alvin, Arya Alam Anastasya, Windy Divaci Andy Riski Pratama Anik Sarminingsih, Anik Arieyanti Dwi Astuti, Arieyanti Dwi Arifmiboy, Arifmiboy Astri Purnama Dewi Astuti, Farida Afriani Badrus Zaman Bagus Sujiwo Bambang Pujianto Bambang Riyanto Baskoro Lokahita Bella Nasila D Budi Prasetyo Samadikun Budianto, Tri Hendrawan Budiharjo, M. Arief Budiyono Budiyono Confera, Akbar Nugroho Darul Ilmi Denok Ambun Suri Dian Eni Sunarni Didik Wahyudi Dinah Husniah Fauzia Rahmiyati Yazid Fauziyah, Fita Firmansyah, Anton Fuadah, Tsani Tsamrotul Ganjar Samudro Ganjar Samudro H. Bunga Natalia Hadiyanto Hadiyanto Harusda, Dadhan Haryono S. Huboyo Haryono Setyo Huboyo Hayat, Nurul Henny Juliani, Henny Hernoni Septiani, Hernoni I Ketut Suada Iin Novitasari Ika Bagus Priyambada Imam Hanafi Indah Susilowati Indriyani Indriyani Inri Natalia Inri Natalia Iqbal Syaichurrozi Irawan Wisnu Wardhana Irwansyah Irwansyah Iswantir M Julian Marfal Karsam Karsam Khalish, Alif Akram Kharisma, Viol Dhea Kismartini Kismartini Larasati, Dyanung Latifa , Nurrahmi Latifa, Maysa Lucy Amena Sembiring M. Agung Wibowo M. Agung Wibowo Mahmud Mahmud Maman Fathurrohman, Maman Matin, Hashfi Hawali Abdul Mochamad Arief Budihardjo Mochtar Hadiwidodo Muhajirin, Muhajirin Muhiddinur Kamal Muktiono Waspodo Mulyati Mulyati NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI Nurandani Hardyanti Nurhasanah Nurhasanah Nurmaesyarah, Nurmaesyarah Nurul Awaliah Nurul Renaningtias, Nurul Paranita, Debbie Yuliana Purwanto Purwanto Putri, Soraya Annisa Rafiuddin, Rafiuddin Ramadan, Bimastyaji Surya Ratih Pujiastuti Rizki Tri Andrianingsih Rozita, Putri Rudy Kurniawan S. Suripin Sadhu Adwitya A Sani, Muhammad Thariq Sejati, Anang Wahyu Septiadi, Luhur Setiabudi Bambang Setyorini, Rita Agus Silviana Silviana Siswati, Muji SITI RACHMAWATI Sri Eko Wahyuni Sri Sumiyati Sriyana Sriyana Subhan, Ega Saiful Sudarno Sudarno Sudarwanto, Anang Suherman, Suherman Sulardjaka Sulardjaka Sumiati Sumiati Sutrisno, Sutrisno Suyadi, Andri Utami, Khurnia Tri Vitus Dwi Yunianto Budi Ismadi Wahyuni, Retno Hari Wati, Hessy Rahma Wati, Salmi Wedra Aprison Wicaksono, Vinsensius Priyo Winardi Dwi Nugraha Winardi Dwi Nugraha Yulius Yulius Yuliyanti yuliyanti Yusa Eko Saputro, Yusa Eko Zailani Zailani Zainal Abidin Arief ZAMAN, Badrus Zulhanudin, Al Farick Zulkifli Zulkifli