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Income Distribution and Inequality in Indonesia: Study on Middle Class Household Indra Maipita; Setyo Tri Wahyudi
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 18, No 1 (2017): JEP 2017
Publisher : Muhammadiyah University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jep.v18i1.3974

Abstract

The current positive trend of Indonesia’s economic growth has demonstrated that increasing income per capita is one of the economic prosperity indicators. One pillar of the increase in the income per capita of middle class is its surge to 56.5% in 2010 compared to that of in 2000 which only reached 20%, and it has brought Indonesia to be qualified as a middle-income country. It is believed that, one of the ways to reduce inequality in society is by encouraging economic growth and development of middle-class society. This study aims to analyze the profile of middle class household and its contribution on decreasing inequality in Indonesia using the data of National Survey of Social Economy (Susenas) from 2004 to 2012. By using Keynesian Consumption model and Lorenz Curve, the results showed that middle-class grouping by using the 20th and 80th percentile of income has a higher growth than that of the USD or portion average income approach. However, due to the relatively small contribution of middle class income growth in Indonesia to the economic growth, the changes on Indonesian middle class income is inelastic to the changes on national output.
Mitigating Income Inequality in Bali Province, Indonesia Muhammad Amrullah; Setyo Tri Wahyudi; Marlina Ekawaty
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 21, No 2 (2020): JEP 2020
Publisher : Muhammadiyah University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jep.v21i2.10734

Abstract

Studying the distribution of income in a region is an important topic to know about the factors that influence the distribution of income, then find out the factors that are the solution to problems related to income distribution, and later can minimize differences in income distribution disparities between regions. This paper estimates the relationship between Unemployment, Labor Participation, Employed Workers, Elementary School Graduates, Junior High School Graduates, and Senior High School Graduates to Income Inequality in 9 districts/cities in Bali Province throughout 2008-2018. This study estimates the relationship of six independent variables to income inequality as the dependent variable using multiple panel regression analysis with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) model in 9 districts/cities in Bali Province over period 2008-2018. The results of this study found that Unemployment, Labor Participation, Employed Workers, Elementary School Graduates, Junior High School Graduates, and Senior High School Graduates are significant to Income Inequality. Unemployment and Junior High School Graduates positively affect to Income Inequality, then Labor Participation, Employed Workers, Elementary School Graduates, and Senior High School Graduates negatively affect to Income Inequality.
Comparative Analysis on The Market Share of Indonesian Export Commodities: Opportunities and Challenges Setyo Tri Wahyudi; Indra Maipita
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 19, No 2 (2018): JEP 2018
Publisher : Muhammadiyah University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jep.v19i2.5708

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest exporting countries, mainly of food products and chemicals. However, its import-export data show that the high export value on chemical commodities and food product is followed by relatively high import value on those commodities. This study examines the comparative advantage of Indonesian export commodities. The analysis is conducted by mapping and analyzing the condition and the potential of Indonesian export market in various trading partner countries. In addition, this study identifies the potential, opportunities, and challenges that Indonesia will face to improve the market of its export commodities. The testing of comparative advantage is carried out using chemical commodities. RCA is a method that is used to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian export commodities. The results of this study indicate that chemicals have a comparative advantage with the value of greater that 1 during 2012-2016, but the import of chemical raw materials also tends to be higher. Featured commodities are inseparable from challenges and obstacles, such as dependence on main export destination countries, economic crises, and relatively high import value of raw materials. However, the opportunity of Indonesia to increase the contribution of the export to national income is still wide open. Maximizing the potential of market diversification strategy that is implemented by Indonesian government is expected to increase the export of Indonesian commodities.
ZAKAT AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: STUDY IN THREE MUSLIM COUNTRIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA An’im Kafabih; Setyo Tri Wahyudi
Quantitative Economics Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2020): APRIL 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/qej.v9i1.23595

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of zakat on per capita income as one indicator of economic development. The data is analyzed by Cobb-Douglas production function and panel data analysis model. Study findings show that zakat significantly and positively affect on per capita income. This study also found that compared to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), most popular instrument of government to increase economic development, zakat has a greater coefficient. In addition, Muslims as a majority population on average unable to contribute significantly to economic development. However, they could contribute to zakat as seen from increase in amount of zakat collection.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING POVERTY IN NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE (CASE STUDY IN 33 DISTRICT / CITY) Yudistira Avandi; Setyo Tri Wahyudi
Quantitative Economics Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/qej.v8i2.23616

Abstract

The equitable poverty reduction in North Sumatera became one of the unresolved issues until now. The decreasing of poverty percentage in the last five years in North Sumatera can not represent the level of public welfare. In fact , in 2013, there were 22 out of 33 districts in North Sumatera which have the poverty percentage more than ten percent and known as hardcore poverty. The highest poverty percentage was found in North Nias and Gunung Sitoli by 30.94 %, while the lowest was found in Deli Serdang by 4.71 %. This research stated the problem “How is the influence of the economic growth, level of education, and the minimum regional wages toward the level of poverty in North Sumatera Province? The objective is to analyze the influence of economic growth, the level of education and the minimum wages toward the poor population in North Sumatera Province. This research used 165 samples that spread in 33 districts in North Sumatera from 2009 until 2013 with panel data and using Fixed Effect Model Method.  The result of the Ordinary Least Square Method (LOS) through the multiple linear regretion estimated model showed that the economic growth and the minimum regional wages had negative influence, while the level of education had positive influence toward poverty in North Sumatera. The coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.948157 which means the variable of economic growth, minimum regional wages and level of education can define the poverty in North Sumatera by 94.82 %, and 5.18 % defined by other economic variables outside the model.
PEMBERDAYAAN USAHA MIKRO DAN KECIL (UMK) BERBASIS SYARIAH: STUDI PADA PROGRAM PUSYAR BADAN AMIL ZAKAT NASIONAL (BAZNAS) KOTA MOJOKERTO Setyo Tri Wahyudi; M. Khusaini; Devan S. Pratomo
JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Vol 22, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jpkm.v22i3.4781

Abstract

Salah satu lembaga yang fokus pada pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) di Kota Majokerto adalah Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (Baznas). Melalui program Pusyar, Baznas Kota Mojokerto memberdayakan pelaku UMK dengan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Meskipun program tersebut telah mampu memberdayakan ribuan pelaku UMK, namun demikian, adanya keterbatasan SDM dan kemampuan teknis dalam pemberdayaan serta semakin kompleksnya permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat telah mengakibatkan kegiatan pemberdayaan Baznas dirasa belum optimal. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada nasabah yang tergabung dalam program pemberdayaan UMK Baznas Kota Mojokerto. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat kendala bagi UMK dalam mengembangkan usaha sebagai akibat kurangnya informasi mengenai sumbersumber permodalan, serta persyaratan pengajuannya. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah perlu meningkatkan aksesibilitas pelaku UMK serta seluruh masyarakat Mojokerto.
Analisis Risiko Sistemik dan Keterkaitan Keuangan: Studi pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia Rihana Sofie Nabella; Ghozali Maski; Setyo Tri Wahyudi
Journal of Business & Banking Vol 10, No 1 (2020): Mei - Oktober 2020
Publisher : STIE Perbanas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14414/jbb.v10i1.2048

Abstract

Islamic banking in Indonesia has developed as indicated marked by the establishment of Bank Muamalat Indonesia as the first Islamic bank in Indonesia. Islamic banks—Besides the conventional bansk— are an alternative source of financing which are expected to support the country's economic growth. Banks are also known as risk-prone institutions, one of which is systemic risk. This study aims to measure systemic risk and financial linkages in Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. This study uses the Conditional Value at Risk (CoVaR) model developed by Adrian and Brunnermeier (2009) with data samples of 8 Islamic banks in Indonesia from January 2012 to December 2018. The results isobtained are the contribution of systemic risk is not determined by the size of bank assets and individual risk. k, sBo that both small banks and large banks can threaten financial system stability. So that it can be a reference for regulators to always supervise all banks, not only large banks but also small banks that have high individual risks.
Mengukur Persistensi Inflasi: Studi Komparasi Delapan Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Timur Setyo Tri Wahyudi; M. Khusaini; Rihana Sofie Nabella
Jurnal Ekonomi & Kebijakan Publik Vol 12, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian, Badan Keahlian DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22212/jekp.v12i2.1905

Abstract

Inflation is becoming one of the critical variables in the economy. Any movement in inflation will cause some changes to fundamental economic variables, such as economic growth and unemployment. Therefore, inflation becomes a variable that is often observed and tested, both theoretically and empirically. Stable inflation is a prerequisite for sustainable economic growth, which ultimately benefits the improvement of people’s well-being. Using city-level inflation data in East Java, this study aims to measure inflation’s persistence at the city level in East Java. The persistence of inflation indicates the speed at which the inflation rate returns to its equilibrium level after a shock. This study will also analyze the causes of persistence in eight cities in East Java. In this study, to measure the degree of inflationary persistence, the study used an Autoregressive Univariate Model. The test results found that (1) inflation in eight cities in East Java tended to fluctuate throughout the research period. The highest inflation occurred in Probolinggo City, while the lowest was in Madiun City. The most significant contributors to inflation are food groups. Then (2) the result obtained is the degree of inflation persistence in eight cities in East Java is still relatively high, so it requires attention from regulators. Moreover, the persistence of inflation is caused by high inflation expectations or leading to forward-looking. Based on the findings, the government needs to devise a measured strategy to control inflation to be stable, such as optimizing the Regional Inflation Control Team (TPID).Keywords: inflation, persistence, autoregressiveAbstrakInflasi menjadi salah satu variabel penting dalam ekonomi. Setiap pergerakan inflasi akan menyebabkan beberapa perubahan terhadap variabel fundamental ekonomi, seperti pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pengangguran. Oleh karena itu, inflasi menjadi variabel yang seringkali diamati dan diuji, baik secara teoritis maupun empiris. Pertumbuhan ekonomi dapat berjalan dengan baik apabila didukung oleh angka inflasi yang stabil dan kemudian akan berguna untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan penduduk. Menggunakan data inflasi tingkat kabupaten/kota di Jawa Timur, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur persistensi inflasi di tingkat kabupaten/kota di Jawa Timur. Persistensi inflasi menunjukkan kecepatan tingkat inflasi untuk kembali ke tingkat ekuilibriumnya setelah adanya suatu shock. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga akan menganalisis penyebab persistensi di delapan kabupaten/kota di Jawa Timur. Untuk mengukur derajat persistensi inflasi, penelitian ini menggunakan Model Univariate Autoregressive (AR). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, diperoleh temuan bahwa (1) inflasi di delapan kabupaten/kota di Jawa Timur cenderung berfluktuasi sepanjang periode penelitian. Inflasi tertinggi berada di Kota Probolinggo, sedangkan yang terendah adalah Kota Madiun. Komoditas penyumbang inflasi terbesar dari kelompok bahan makanan, contohnya telur ayam ras, beras, ayam ras, tomat sayur, bawang merah, dan daging sapi. Kemudian (2) hasil yang diperoleh adalah derajat persistensi inflasi di delapan kabupaten/kota di Jawa Timur masih terbilang tinggi sehingga memerlukan perhatian dari regulator. Selain itu, persistensi inflasi ini disebabkan oleh tingginya ekspektasi inflasi atau mengarah ke forward looking. Berdasarkan temuan, pemerintah perlu menyusun strategi yang terukur dalam mengendalikan inflasi supaya stabil, seperti mengoptimalkan peran Tim Pengendali Inflasi Daerah (TPID).Kata kunci: inflasi, persistensi, autoregressive
THE ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECTS OF DEPOSIT INTEREST RATE, MONEY SUPPLY AND INFLATION ON HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION IN INDONESIA DURING 1983-2013 Feri Fachrudin; Setyo Tri Wahyudi
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FEB Vol 3, No 1: Semester Ganjil 2014/2015
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (369.199 KB)

Abstract

The aim of  this  research  is  to  acknowledge the macroeconomic variable’s influences of  interest rate deposit, the amount of money supply (M2), and the inflation to the household’s consumption in Indonesia. The data used in this research is time series data from 1983 to 2013. After studying literature and testing the data using Error Correction Model (ECM) method, it showed that Interest Rate Deposit, money supply (M2) and inflation simultaneously have a significant effect in short term period and longed term period. Partially, Interest Rate Deposit has an unsignificant negative effect, The sum of money supply (M2) has a significant positive effect, and the inflation has a significant negative effect  to  the household’s consumption in short term period. While in longed term period, Interest Rate Deposit has a significant negative effect, the sum of money circulation (M2) and the inflation have a significant positive effect to the household’s consumption. Keywords:  Household Consumption, Deposit Interest Rate, Money Supply (M2), Inflation, Error Correction Model (ECM).
Keterkaitan antara Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dengan Beban Utang, Investasi, dan Pertumbuhan Populasi (Studi Kasus Indonesia Tahun 1970-2011) Gita Estu Wulandari; Setyo Tri Wahyudi
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FEB Vol 1, No 2: Semester Genap 2012/2013
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (217.461 KB)

Abstract

Utang merupakan bagian dari kebijakan fiskal pemerintah yang menjadi bagian dari kebijakan pengelolaan keuangan secara keseluruhan. Kebijakan pengelolaan ekonomi sendiri pada akhirnya bertujuan untuk menciptakan kesejahteraan rakyat yang dapat tercermin melalui penciptaan lapangan kerja, pengurangan kemiskinan, dan penguatan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Semua tujuan tersebut mempunyai dampak penciptaan rasa aman dalam perekonomian negara, baik untuk pemerintah maupun masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan data seri perekonomian Indonesia tahun 1970 sampai dengan 2011 dengan metode Vector Error Correction Mechanism (VECM) untuk mengetahui keterkaitan antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dengan beban utang, investasi, dan pertumbuhan populasi di Indonesia dalam rentang waktu tersebut serta melihat hubungan jangka pendek dan jangka panjang antar variabel Hasil empiris mengindikasikan bahwa dalam jangka pendek, beban utang, investasi, dan pertumbuhan populasi  tidak mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, sedangkan dalam jangka panjang beban utang dan investasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan, sedangkan pertumbuhan populasi tidak berpengaruh  signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Kata Kunci : pertumbuhan ekonomi, beban utang, investasi, pertumbuhan populasi, VECM.
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Abu Bakar Sambah, Abu Bakar Aida Sartimbul Amalia Rahmawati Amalia Rahmawati Amilis Setyandhinavia Amrullah, Muhammad Ananda Chandra Suryarani Anggraeni, Rilla Annisa Nurul Hakim Anthon Efani An’im Kafabih Arifin, Muchammad Yudha Ariyanto, Wahyu Arum Prastiwi Axellina Muara Setyanti Ayuni, Novia Indah Tantri Azizah Azizah Bahrian Kansiro Bhirawa, Stefanus Sandi Mega Candra Fajri Ananda Christiayu Natalia Cut Nurul Iman Daeng Ahmad Fakhrian Zuhdi Danang Triyanto Devan S. Pratomo Dewani Indah Tawakalni Dini Atikawati Dita Saragih, Gabriella Johana Dwi Retno Widiyanti Erisha Nurul Uma Erlyn Yuniashri Estika, Winda Febi Fahrurrozy Fahrurrozy Feri Fachrudin Fildza Amalina Qisthina Fildza Amalina Qisthina Firman Herdiansah Fitrawaty Fitrawaty Ghozali Maski Ghozali Maski Ghozali Maski Ghozali Maskie Gita Estu Wulandari Harsuko Riniwati Hendarmin Hendarmin Hendrawan Susilo Heriyanti Tampubolon Hyldha Christanty Ibrahim Musa, Ibrahim Ida Nuraini Ida Nuraini Indra Maipita Indra Maipita Indra Maipita Indra Maipita Iswan Noor Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Julian Felix Armando Kartika Sari Kartika Sari Kartika Sari Kartika Sari Kartika Sari Kartika Sari Kartikaningsih, Hartati Khotiawan, Ma'rufa Khusnul Ashar Lailia Yuslichati Rahmadani Liza Herdiyati Lumban Gaol, Rachel Millenia Lutfi Asnan Qodri Lutfi Kurniawati M Khusaini M. Daniel Septian M. Khusaini M. Khusaini M. Khusaini Margaretha, Viony Marlina Ekawaty Moh. Khusaini Mohd Dan Jantan Mohd Dan Jantan Mokhamad Nur Mokhamad Nur Muhammad Amrullah Muhammad Amrullah Muhammad Faisyal Abdullah Muhammad Sri Wahyudi Suliswanto Munawar Ismail Nabella, Rihana Sofie Nabella, Rihana Sofie Nabella Natalia, Deasy Chrisnia NBadriyah, Nurul Nugrahajati, Oki Sakti Nurul Badriyah Nurul Badriyah Nurul Badriyah Pratama, Agung Yuda Putra, Pranata Candra Perdana Putri, Rizka Zuhriani Qodri, Lutfi Asnan R. Radeetha Rachmad Kresna Sakti Rachmad Kresna Sakti Rade Radeetha Radeetha Radeetha Radeetha Radeetha, Radeetha Ratang, Sarlota Rihana Sofie Nabella Rihana Sofie Nabella Rihana Sofie Nabella Rihana Sofie Nabella Rihana Sofie Nabella Rihana Sofie Nabella Rihana Sofie Nabella Rihana Sofie Nabella Riyandi Saras Anggita Riza, Ahmad Ibnu Rizka Zuhriani Putri Robith, Zaidar Romadhon, Dimas Iqbal Rosyadi, Thalita Maulydia Salsabiela Istikmal Sasanti Widyawati Sasanti Widyawati Sigit Harjanto Sinaga, Vita Marceline Sofie Nabella, Rihana Sonny Subroto M Laksono Sovia Rosalin Sri Muljaningsih Sri Muljaningsih Supartono, - Susilo Susilo Susilo Susilo Syahrial Shaddiq Tri Budiono Wardana, Fitri Candra Wawan Hermawan Yudistira Avandi Zakaria, Rinny Apriliany Zamrud Siswa Utama