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Analysis of bending losses in single-mode optical fiber for determining optical signal quality Ramadhani, Fatima Nur; Saktioto, Saktioto; Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain; Defrianto, Defrianto; Fadhali, Mohammed M
Science, Technology, and Communication Journal Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): SINTECHCOM Journal (June 2025)
Publisher : Lembaga Studi Pendidikan dan Rekayasa Alam Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59190/stc.v5i3.324

Abstract

Optical fiber is an advanced transmission medium composed of glass fibers, offering significantly higher data transfer speeds compared to conventional electrical cables. This study aims to analyze power loss resulting from bending in single-mode optical fibers (SMF) to assess the impact on optical signal quality. Five distinct SMF types were simulated using OptiFiber software at wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm, with bending radii varying from 20 – 46 mm in increments of 2 mm. The results demonstrate that power attenuation in optical fibers is affected by the wavelength of operation and bend radius. At a wavelength of 1310 nm, the highest material loss was recorded in SMF-28 at 0.0125 dB/km, whereas at 1550 nm, SMF-28 exhibited the highest material loss of 31.963 dB/km. Moreover, an increase in bending radius results in a reduction of bending losses, while a decrease in bending radius leads to a significant increase in losses. These insights contribute to the development of improved fiber optic cable designs by advocating the use of enhanced protective shielding to mitigate bending-induced signal degradation.
Reflectivity of Bragg grating fiber on human respiration using InGaAs photodiode converter system Oktavia, Dian Putri; Saktioto, Saktioto; Hanto, Dwi; Syamsudhuha, Syamsudhuha; Amelia, Rina; Emrinaldi, Tengku
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 22, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.22.2.175-178

Abstract

Respiration is a vital process characterized by exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. Indicators such as respiratory rate are essential for detecting pathological conditions, such as pneumonia and heart failure. This research aims to develop a respiratory sensor system based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) as an innovative alternative in high electromagnetic field environments. The system utilizes FBG optical fibers to detect strain changes due to respiratory activity, providing a sensitive, safe, and highly electromagnetic environment-compatible solution. The study used FBG with variations in reflectivity of 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90%. FBGs are installed inside oxygen masks at five different points to monitor wavelength changes during respiratory activity. The measurement method involves an optical system with an interrogator and an electrical method using an InGaAs photodiode converter to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal visualized in LabVIEW. Respondents were tested in three activities: stillness, walking, and running. Variations in sensor reflectivity and position in masks were evaluated to determine sensitivity to respiratory changes. The data is collected as a graph of wavelength against time. The result showed that the change in the wavelength of the FBG correlated with the intensity of respiratory activity. The reflectivity of 90% results in the highest sensitivity, allowing for more accurate detection of strain changes. The position of the sensor at the center point of the mask demonstrates the most linear results, indicating optimal sensitivity. Physical activity, such as running, produces the greatest strain on the optical fiber. This study proves the potential of FBG as a precision medical sensor for respiratory monitoring applications.
The use of fiber bragg grating coated with polyimide for CO2 gas sensor Irawan, Dedi; Saktioto, Saktioto; Azhar, Azhar; Sutoyo, Sutoyo; Sahal, Muhammad; Hanto, Dwi; Widiyatmoko, Bambang
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.9283

Abstract

This study presents the application of fiber bragg grating (FBG) sensors coated with polyimide for detecting carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas, employing both theoretical and experimental approaches. The basic FBG components were coated with polyimide layers of varying thicknesses. Subsequently, the fabricated FBG sensors were characterized using an optical interrogator system with four channels. Furthermore, the sensor was tested for CO₂ detection at a working temperature of 47 °C. Experimental data showed that the FBG sensor coated with polyimide layers of 10 nm, 15 nm, and 20 nm demonstrated sensitivities of 1.9 ppm, 1.84 ppm, and 1.8 ppm, respectively. In contrast, the uncoated FBG sensor exhibited a higher sensitivity of 3 ppm. Increasing the coating thickness beyond 20 nm leads to a decrease in sensor sensitivity. The findings suggest that an optimal polyimide coating thickness for CO₂ detection using FBG sensors is around 20 nm. Achieving high sensitivity in CO₂ gas sensors is crucial for their effective use across a broad range of applications.
Design and optimization of square SRR metamaterial-based microstrip antenna for wideband biomedical sensing Saktioto, Saktioto; Angraini, Cici Yana Tasya; Soerbakti, Yan; Rini, Ari Sulistyo; Syamsudhuha, Syamsudhuha; Anita, Sofia
Science, Technology, and Communication Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): SINTECHCOM Journal (October 2025)
Publisher : Lembaga Studi Pendidikan dan Rekayasa Alam Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59190/stc.v6i1.331

Abstract

The continuous advancement in wireless biomedical technology necessitates the development of compact, high-performance antennas capable of operating across a wide frequency range. In this context, this study reports the design and optimization of a square split-ring resonator (SRR) metamaterial-based microstrip antenna to enhance bandwidth and gain characteristics for wideband biomedical sensing. The proposed metamaterial, composed of one to four square SRR unit cells, was modeled using copper patches on an FR-4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and simulated in CST Studio Suite 2019 over a frequency range of 0.009 – 9 GHz. The electromagnetic behavior of the structure was analyzed through S-parameter characterization, and the Nicolson–Ross–Weir (NRW) retrieval method was applied to extract the effective constitutive parameters, including relative permittivity, relative permeability, and refractive index. The optimized four-cell SRR configuration demonstrated double-negative (DNG) characteristics, exhibiting a relative permittivity of -153.65, a relative permeability of -8.85, and a refractive index of -9.48, thereby confirming the negative-index properties essential for enhanced electromagnetic field confinement and energy concentration. Integration of the optimized metamaterial into the microstrip antenna structure yielded significant performance improvement, achieving a return loss of -48.31 dB, bandwidth of 4.37 GHz, and gain of 2.23 dBi. These results substantiate that the square SRR metamaterial contributes to superior impedance matching and field localization, making the proposed antenna architecture highly promising for wideband biomedical sensing and potential internet of things (IoT) healthcare implementations.
Co-Authors ', Hotmariani Abdillah, Rahmad Abdul Sadad Abdullah, Hewa Yaseen Agrina, Agrina Agustin, Detlamasi Ahlunnazah, Muhammad Aisah, Nurul Andika Thoibah Andika Thoibah Andri Saputra Anggraini, Wresni Anggraini, Wresni Angraini, Cici Yana Tasya Anita, Sofia Ari Sulistyo Rini Arpyanti, Nisa Asyana, Vepy Awitdrus Awitdrus, Awitdrus Azhar Azhar Aziz, Muhammad Safwan Abd Azwir Marwin B. Pranggono Bambang Widiyatmoko Bambang Widiyatmoko Basdyo, Doni Basdyo, Doni Bibara, Kushkimbayeva Budi Astuti Dadang Syarif Sihabudin Sahid Dasta, Vicky Vernando dedi irawan Dedi Irawan Dedi Irawan Dedi Irawan Defrianto Defrianto Delovita Ginting, Delovita Deprianto Deprianto Dewi Indriyani Roslim Dewi Kurnia Dewi Mulfida Dian Putri Oktavia, Dian Putri Didik Puji Sutriyono Dina Veranita Dino Yanuardi Doni Basdyo Dwi Hanto Dwi Hanto Dwi Utari Iswavigra Dwi Utari Iswavigra Eka Armas Pailis Elin Haerani Haerani Elisa Saadah Elvia Budianita Erin Mazelly Hutapea Erlinda, Sopya Erman Taer Erwin Amiruddin Erwin Erwin Fadhali, Mohammed Fadhali, Mohammed M Fairuz Diyana Ismail Faisal Saeed Febi Dwi Fadilla Febri Yuliani Feri Candra Fitmawati Fitmawati Fitmawati Fitmawati Fitri Insani Gita Rahayu H.M. Hairi Haerani, Elin Haerani Hairi, Haryana Mohd Hamdi, Muhammad Harmailil, Ihsan Okta Haryana bin Mohd Hairi Haryana Hairi Haryana Hairi Heru Santoso Husna, Ropiqotul Idjang Tjarsono Ikhsan Rahman Husein Insani, Fitri Irvan Rahmat Iswavigra, Dwi Utari Iwantono Iwan Barnawi J. Ali Jalil Ali Juandi Juandi Kasri, Anshori Khaikal Ramadhan Khaikal Ramadhan Lubis, Nuraina Fika M.S. Roslana Mahyarni - Maikul, Kusherbayeva Marwin, Azwir Mesra Sania Meyzia, Bunga Minarni Minarni Minarni Shiddiq, Minarni Moh Danil Hendry Gamal Mohammad Fisal Rabin Muhammad Absor Muhammad Edisar Muhammad Hamdi Muhammad Sahal Mulfida, Dewi Murniati Murniati Musa Irfan Nandita Devira Nelda Ipkawati Neneng Fitrya Nurpadilla, Rani Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa Okfalisa, Okfalisa Okfalisa, Okfalisa Pranggono, B. Rabin, Mohammed Fisal Rahma Dewi Rahmad Abdillah Rahmondia Nanda Setiadi Rakhmawati Farma Ramadhan, Khaikal Ramadhani, Fatima Nur Reeky Fardinata Riad Syech Riad Syech Ridho Kurniawan Rina Amelia Rina Amelia Rini, Ari Sulistyo Rini, Ari Sulistyo Risanto, Joko Roby Ikhsan Romi Fadli Syahputra Ronald, Azza Roni Salambue Ros Meri Ros Meri Rosnita Rosnita Rusnedy, Hidayati S. P. Dewi S.S.M. Fauzi S.S.M. Fauzi Samudra, Mohd Rendy Septi Pramuliawati Septia Anugrah Septian Nugraha Siti Nurul Alifah Soerbakti, Yan Sofia Anita Sugianto ' Suhaivi Hamdan Suhaivi Hamdan Suhardi Suhardi Sutoyo Sutoyo Syahril Syahril Syamsudhuha Syamsudhuha Taofeeq D Moshood Tengku Emrinaldi Teodora Maria Meliati Sinaga Theresa Febrina Siahaan Velia Veriyanti Vepy Asyana Veriyanti, Velia Wahyu Candra Wahyudi, Dilham Wardana, Fiqra Wresni Anggraini Wresni Anggraini Wresni Anggraini Wresni Anggraini Yan Soerbakti Yan Soerbakti Yan Soerbakti Yan Soerbakti Yana, Debi Yolanda Rati Yoli Zairmi Yunita I. Lubis Yupapin, Preecha Yurike Asra Zahidah Zulkifli Zahroh, Siti Zairmi, Yoli Zamri Zamri Zamri, Zamri Zulkarnain Zulkarnain Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini