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Institutional Injustice and Authorial Critique in Kathryn Stockett's The Help Jourdan Eden Nico; Erna Cahyawati; Imam Basuki; Ghanesya Hari Murti
Journal of Feminism and Gender Studies Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Feminism and Gender Studies
Publisher : Pusat Studi Gender Universitas Jember

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Abstract

This research aims to analyze how Kathryn Stockett's The Help represents systemic racism and author's critical position towards the racial injustice issue within the novel. This research applies two theories: the representation by Stuart Hall and the theory of systemic racism by Joe. R. Feagin. This research applies a qualitative method with a narrative text analysis approach. The results of this study show that systemic racism plays a role in the level of labor exploitation, economic discrimination, social inequality, and oppressive social norms. Thus, the author's position also shows an effort to criticize the unjust system. However, she notes there are still some limitations since white characters are still central to hold primary control. This study concludes that literary works can function as a medium to voice social criticism of racism, while reflecting the complexity of the author's position in shaping representations of racial injustice.
When the Beast is Not the Enemy: Myths and Ecology World-Making in Comparative Literature Ghanesya Hari Murti; Andang Subaharianto; Erna Cahyawati; Dyah Purwita Wardani; Imam Basuki
PARAFRASE : Jurnal Kajian Kebahasaan & Kesastraan Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Parafrase Vol. 26 No. 1 Mei, 2026
Publisher : Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/parafrase.v26i1.6252

Abstract

Myth is an important context for societies to negotiate the relationship between humans, nature and values, based on a comparative literary analysis of mythological animals in Eastern and Western Traditions. In Eastern (Asian) traditions mythological figures such as Antaboga, Nyai Roro Kidul and Barong are considered ontological mediators and manifestations of the living ecological order. In Western traditions, by contrast, they are constructed as enemies, monsters or as existential threats to civilization in opposition. In these stories, mythological creatures are ecological boundaries, not hostile boundaries. Such traditions are diametrically opposed to the dominant Western literary paradigm, Beowulf, Moby-Dick and Argonaut, which prioritizes the conquest of monsters and the realization of narrative closure through conquest and control. Within the theoretical framework of this article, carefully grounded in literary form, temporality and the development of the literary canon, legendary creatures serve as vehicles for diverse perceptions of nature. One is founded on dominance and abstraction, the other on reciprocity and moderation. Eastern stories are structured in cycles. Nature’s balance is a dynamic and fragile process. There is no ultimate victory, and it must always be preserved. Meanwhile Western stories are linear and teleological and move toward a definitive end (such as possession or accumulation of wealth) once ecological barriers are removed.