Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

p-Index From 2021 - 2026

8.108

P-Index

This Author published in this journals

All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Bioscience Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknosains: Media Informasi Sains dan Teknologi Techno: Jurnal Penelitian Prosiding Seminar Biologi Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Jurnal Florea Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology BIOMA : Jurnal Biologi Makassar JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Jurnal Biodjati Jurnal SOLMA Jurnal Biologi Tropis JURNAL PENGABDI Jurnal Pertanian Agros Jurnal Biolokus: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Biologi dan Biologi JURNAL PengaMAS Jurnal Pemberdayaan: Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Biota INSIST (International Series on Interdisciplinary Research) AGROSCRIPT Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Eksperimen dan Keanekaragaman Hayati (J-BEKH) Pelita Eksakta Konservasi Hayati Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (JPKM) Tabikpun Journal of Applied Data Sciences Jurnal Jaring SainTek International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science TROPICAL GENETICS Journal of Sustainability Science and Technology JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA Analit: Analytical and Environmental Chemistry BULLET : Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu AMMA : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Tropical Genetics BIO-SAINS | Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Journal of Digital Market and Digital Currency Agroscript: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences Analit: Analytical And Environmental Chemistry

Mahfut

Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Lampung, Jalan Prof. Dr. Sumantri Brojonegoro No. 1 Bandar Lampung, Lampung 35144

Author-ID : 6054974

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Physics Social Sciences Transportation Other

Published : 83 Documents Claim Missing Document

Claim Missing Document

Articles

4 5 6 7 8

Penggunaan Soilless Culture System Berisi Kompos Padat Bromelain Terinduksi Trichoderma sp. Terhadap Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa L.) Nur Qolbi, Hana; Irawan, Bambang; Mahfut; Agustrina, Rochmah
Jurnal Jaring SainTek Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/jzyngn50

Lettuce plants are widely cultivated in Indonesia. Based on the 2019 Central Bureau of Statistics, the amount of lettuce plant production has decreased production, because the soil in Indonesia has decreased fertility and drought. To overcome this problem by switching the use of planting media in the form of Soilless Culture System (SCS) media containing compost on Trichoderma sp. induced bromelain. SCS media containing Trichoderma sp induced bromelain solid compost will produce media that will be rich in macro and micro nutrients so as to produce quality lettuce plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using SCS media containing compost on bromelain induced Trichoderma sp. and get the best dose of SCS media containing compost on bromelain induced Trichoderma sp. on lettuce plants. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with media treatments used, namely husks, vermicompost, compost, coconut husk, and bromelain solid compost with the ratio of P1 (2:1:1:2:2), P2 (2:1:1:2:3), P3 (2:1:1:2:4). The parameters observed were leaf area and levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total. The results obtained after being tested with ANOVA 5% and BNT 5% further test stated that the leaf area and chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total levels had a significant effect and the best dose was obtained, namely treatment P3 (2:1:1:2:4).

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Giberelin dan Lama Perendaman terhadap Viabilitas Benih Kopi (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) Armalia, Inayah; Wahyuningsih, Sri; Handayani, Tundjung Tripeni; Mahfut, Mahfut
AGROSCRIPT: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences Vol 6 No 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36423/agroscript.v6i1.1554

Benih kopi robusta sulit berkecambah karena memiliki kulit biji yang keras sehingga menghambat proses penyerapan air dan gas. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan kecambah yaitu dengan merendam benih kopi robusta dalam larutan giberelin yang merupakan zat pengatur tumbuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi giberelin, lama perendaman, dan kombinasi kedua perlakuan yang efektif dalam mempercepat pertumbuhan kecambah benih kopi robusta. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Botani, FMIPA Universitas Lampung dari Bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2022. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial. Faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi giberelin yang terdiri dari 0 ppm (G0), 85 ppm (G1), dan 170 ppm (G2). Faktor kedua 2 yaitu lama perendaman yang terdiri dari 1,5 jam (T1) dan 3 jam (T2). Benih kopi robusta yang telah diberi perlakuan disemai dan diamati selama 50 hari. Parameter pengamatan meliputi, persentase pertumbuhan kecambah, laju pertumbuhan kecambah, panjang akar terpanjang kecambah, dan panjang hipokotil. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi perlakuan konsentrasi 85 ppm (G1) dan lama perendaman 1,5 jam (T1) efektif dalam mempercepat pertumbuhan kecambah benih kopi robusta dan memberikan pengaruh yang paling positif pada parameter persentase pertumbuhan kecambah, laju pertumbuhan kecambah, panjang akar terpanjang kecambah, dan panjang hipokotil.

Stomata characters of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) mutants of GMP3 variety at PT Gunung Madu Plantations, Lampung, Indonesia Mahfut, Mahfut; Kendari, Putri; Syarif, Admi; Wahyuningsih, Sri; Susiyanti, Endah
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 3 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.79860

The induction of colchicine mutations is one method of breeding. PT Gunung Madu Plantations, for example, has induced mutations of commercial sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) varieties, however, investigations on the impact of colchicine on stomatal characters have received less attention. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the stomata character of 21 sugarcane mutants of the GMP3 variety at PT Gunung Madu Plantations, Lampung, Indonesia with a focused look at stomata aperture width, stomata length and width, number of stomata, stomatal density, and stomata index. The collected data were analysed using cluster and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) through MVSP software. This study showed that all GMP3 mutants had Graminae-type stomata. In terms of stomata length and width, the average size of the GMP3 variety mutant was greater than that of the control. The diversity of stomata characters is fairly high due to differences in stomata size between GMP3 and control mutants. With a similarity index of 0.20, the phenetic analysis of 21 mutants of the GMP3 variety revealed that the relationship between mutants and controls was getting further. A six-character principal component analysis revealed that axis I's total variation accounted for 40.54 percent of the variation and had an eigenvalue of 2.43, whereas axis II's contribution to the variation was 19.02 percent and had an eigenvalue of 1.14. The findings indicate that stomata are excellent taxonomic evidence for identifying and analysing sugarcane varieties induced by colchicine-induced breeding.

Identification and Efforts to Control Infection Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus (ORSV) on Orchid Mahfut, Mahfut
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Malikussaleh University, Aceh, Indonesia

Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) is a orchid virus which infection most widely reported and has spread widely in the world, including in Indonesia. Viral infections can degrade the quality of the orchid plant so it is economically detrimental. To study a disease infection, identification is carried out first to determine the most appropriate method of control. These identification techniques include variations in infection symptoms, host range testing, testing of viral titers, observation of particle morphology, genome detection, and analysis of DNA and amino acid sequences. Efforts to control disease can be done through preventive and eradicative actions chemically, biologically, and based on artificial intelligence.

Identification of Disease and Efforts to Protect Natural Orchid Plants Against Fungi Infection in the Liwa Botanical Garden Mahfut, Mahfut; Treesya Panjaitan, Mitha Valentina; Wahyuningsih, Sri; Tripeni Handayani, Tundjung; Sukimin, Sukimin
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Malikussaleh University, Aceh, Indonesia

Liwa Botanical Garden is located in West Lampung Regency which has an area of 86.6 hectares and is one of the conservation of ornamental plants that presents the flora of the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. One of the flagship collections of this botanical garden is a native orchid. Disease infection is still a major obstacle in the cultivation and development of native orchid potential at Liwa Botanical Garden. Based on the results of previous studies, it is known that several individual natural orchid collections from Liwa Botanical Garden showed symptoms of fungal disease infections. Disease infections can inhibit plant growth and resistance and reduce the aesthetic value periodically. Symptoms of infection include necrotic patches on the upper surface of the leaf. This research was conducted to determine the identification of diseases and efforts to protect native orchids against fungal infections at Liwa Botanical Garden through a collection of samples that showed symptoms of infection, analysis of disease symptoms, and analysis of disease resistance levels. The results showed that the response of the native orchid at Liwa Botanical Garden to fungal infections was showed symptoms of wilting in the leaves, namely in the orchids Eria sp., Dendrobium sp., and Cymbidium sp. turns black on the edge of the leaf, Thrixspermum sp. The type of orchid most commonly infected with fungus is Cymbidium sp. a total of 8 samples, and Thrixspermum sp. 3 samples, Eria sp. as many as 4 samples, Dendrobium sp. and Calanthe triplicata as many as 6 samples. The type of native orchid that is most susceptible to fungal infections is Dendrobium sp. and Eria sp. with disease intensity of 74.11% and 22.3%. The results of this activity are expected to be basic information in efforts to protect plants against diseases to support the application of conservation of native orchids on Liwa Botanical Garden.

Polyploidy Induction of Rutaceae through Bio-catharanthine Treatment Aziz, Isna Rasdianah; Muthiadin, Cut; Hajrah, Hajrah; Alir, Rahmat Fajrin; Suryafly, Fanny Dhea; Amnah, Alifah Zul; Hermawan, Isna Ainun; Mustami, Muhammad Khalifah; Mahfut, Mahfut; Upreti, Brij Mohan
Biota Vol 14 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/jb.v14i1.344

Indonesia has a tropical monsoon-type climate which suitable for agriculture and plantations. One of the main centers of orange fruits (Citrus sp.) production in Indonesia and become the top ten with the largest production is in South Sulawesi. Farmers commonly cultivate siam oranges (Citrus nobilis). Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) has not yet become the main production, which is inversely proportional to the high demand in South Sulawesi. This study aims to determine the ability of bio-catharanthine as a polyploidy agent against the phenotype of the familia Rutaceae cultivated in South Sulawesi. The research was carried out in Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar using randomized complete block design consisted of two conditions (bio-catharanthine concentration including C1 = Bio-catharanthine 0.05%; C2 = Bio-catharanthine 0.075%; C3 = Bio-catharanthine 0.1% and immersion time including T1 = 3 h; T2 = 6 h). Phenotypic observations include plant height, the number of leaves and nodes, the length of roots, and the number of roots per shoot. The results of the study showed that the bio-catharanthine immersion of 0.05-0.075% for 6 hours in Rutaceae had a significant effect on their phenotypic characters.

Phylogenetic analysis in silico of orchid species Dendrobium based on rbcl marker Febriansyah, Muhammad; Mahfut
Tropical Genetics Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Genetics
Publisher : Genetikawan Muda Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/tg.v4i2.68

Dendrobium is one of the genera of the third largest Orchidaceae family which reaches about 1184 species in the world. In Indonesia, this genus of orchids is a wealth of genetic resources that are abundant in the Eastern region, such as Papua and Maluku. These genetic resources have not been optimally utilized as elders in crossbreeding to produce offspring that have characteristics according to what consumers want. Due to the limitations of these morphological characteristics, another character is needed that can support the systematics of orchids, namely molecular characters. Plant kinship analysis can use molecular characters in the form of DNA strands that can overcome the weaknesses of morphological data that are known to have limitations and tend to be influenced by the environment. This study aims to analyze the kinship of several types of Dendrobium based on the rbcL gene and add to the basic data source of germplasm from the genus Dendrobium. The samples used were nucleotide sequences of 11 nucleotide sequences consisting of 10 types of Dendrobium (D. anosmum, D. jinghuanum, D. catenatum, D. nobile, D. jenkinsii, D. pahangense, D. nobile, D. pulchellum, D. fimbriatum, and D. pulchellum) which is used as an in group and 1 species of the genus Phalaenopsis namely Phalaenopsis equestris which is used as an outgroup. The results of Dendrobium kinship analysis with an in silico based rbcL gene molecular approach show that species in the same genus are not necessarily closely related. The species that is a member of the out group is Phalaenopsis equestris,. Phalaenopsis equestris forms its own tree branches, while the other 10 species are on the same phylogeny tree branches.

Performance Evaluation of Fuzzy Logic System for Dendrobium Identification Based on Leaf Morphology Putra, Arie Setya; Syarif, Admi; Mahfut, Mahfut; Sulistiyanti, Sri Ratna; Hasibuan, Muhammad Said
Journal of Applied Data Sciences Vol 5, No 4: DECEMBER 2024
Publisher : Bright Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47738/jads.v5i4.224

Dendrobium is the second-largest family of flowering plants in the world. There are several classes of Dendrobium, which usually identify by its, including leaves and flowers. Due to the similarity of its characteristics, identifying orchid types is complicated and usually can only be done by an expert. Moreover, those characteristics are typically non-deterministic; examining the orchid species is very challenging. This research aims to develop a novel fuzzy-based system to identify the species of orchid based on unprecise existing leaf characteristics. We used the main characteristics of Dendrobium leaves, including shape, length, width, and tips of the leaves. Based on the information from the expert, we develop the membership for each class of Dendrobium. By adopting this knowledge, we develop the system by using compatible programming with this case, and Borland Delphi as complex application development. The experiment is done by using 200 real datasets from the Liwa Botanical Gardens, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The results are compared with those given by a Dendrobium expert. A confusion matrix is a valuable evaluation tool for measuring the performance of classification models. From the above results, we can determine the confusion matrix and calculate the TP (True Positive), TN (True Negative), FP (False Positive), and FN (False Negative). The confusion matrix given from the experiments is shown in Table 6. This indicates that the system can provide the same results as experts recommended. It is shown that the system can identify orchid types with an accuracy value of 94,6 %. Thus, this system will be beneficial for automatically determining the orchid genus.

RESPONSE OF GREEN BEANS (Vigna radiata L.) GERMINATION ON LEAVES AND RHIZOMES COGONGRASS (Imperata cylindrica L.) ALLELOPATHY Sari, Heni Erlita; Mahfut, Mahfut
BIO-SAINS : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 3 No 2 (2023): Bio-Sains Vol 3 No 2, Agustus 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Islam As-Syafi'iyah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34005/bio-sains.v3i1.3033

Cogongrass is a plant that contains allelochemicals, so it has the capability to reduce viability and early growth in green bean germination. This study aimed to determine the effect of allelopathy extract on the size and number of root cells in mung bean sprouts. The study uses the Completely Randomized Design with 1 treatment and 5 concentration levels of reed extract and repeated twice. The concentrations of the reeds used were 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The results showed that high concentrations of Cogongrass allelopathic extract inhibited the growth of soybean sprouts based on plant length. Each concentration of reed extract did not show a significant difference in cell length or cell density of mung bean sprouts.

Screening of Sugarcane Commercial GMP Varieties Tolerant to Drought Stress Based on Molecular Detection of P5CS Gene Mahfut Mahfut; Maulidya Ananda; Endah Susiyanti; Rochmah Agustina
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.233

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) requires sufficient a water supply to produce optimal productivity. The selection of the superior varieties of sugarcane that are tolerant to drought can be done by molecular detection of the presence of the pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) gene. The research is aimed at molecular detection of P5CS gene in a commercial varieties at PT Gunung Madu Plantations (GMP), Indonesia that are potentially drought resistant. Similar research has never been conducted at PT GMP, as evidenced by the absence of official publications. The varieties used are GMP 3, GMP 5, RGM 06-654, PS 864, RGM 08-1026, PSJT 941, RGM 01-1834, GP11, RGM 07-099, and RGM 02-108. The research phases include DNA isolation, quantitative and qualitative DNA amplification, and PCR product visualization. Molecular data analysis is based on DNA band scoring results in the form of binary data which is then used to calculate the level of polimorphism information content (PIC) on the primary data used. The results of the study showed that nine out of ten varieties had P5CS-specific band sizes of ±167 bp, namely GMP 3, GMP 5, RGM 06-654, PS 864, PSJT 941, RGM 01-1834, GP 11, RGM 07-099, and RGM 02-108. A total of four of the nine varieties showed P5CS gene band thicknesses of RGM06-654, PSJT 941, PS864, and RGM 01-1834 which indicates the selected varieties most resistant to drought. The result of the PIC calculation has a value of > 0.25 which indicates the primary P5CS used is quite informative. The molecular detection was continued on one selected variety is PSJT 941, which showed that the relationship analysis of P5CS gene shows close affinity with the isolates from China and Bogor.

Co-Authors Admi Syarif Agus Rahardi, Agus Alhuda Niftakul Ahyar Alir, Rahmat Fajrin Amanto Amanto Amanto Amanto Amnah, Alifah Zul Amrani, Alfina Anbiya, Lulu Anggi Anggreiny Apriyanti, Della Arie Setya Putra Armalia, Inayah Arsitalia, Metari Asadudin, David Asmanto, Budi Asriah Nurdini M. Asrini Puspitasari Bambang Irawan Bambang Irawan /E21207042 Budi Setiadi Daryono Budi Setiadi Daryono BUDI SETIADI DARYONO Chrisnawati , Lili Cut Muthiadin Della Apriyanti Derlian Ella Tamara Desti Deria Rahmadani Dian Alfiah Dian Alfiah Dwi Septiani Eka Nuraini Tohari Endah Susiyanti Endang Nurcahyani Endang Nurcahyani Eti Ernawati Eti Ernawiati Eti Ernawiati Eti Ernawiati Fachry Abda El Rahman Fadhilla, Nurul Fania Nur Izzati Fania Nur Izzati Febriansyah, Muhammad Fiska Humaizah Hajrah Hajrah, Hajrah Harfiani, Nabela H.N. Hasriadi Mat Akin Hasti Maulidya Fassya Heni Erlita Sari Heni Erlita Sari Heningtyas, Yunda Heri Satria Heri Satria Herlanda, Kishy Dhea Hermawan, Isna Ainun Insani, Mutiara Intan Poespita Windiyani Irni Yuni Minarni Ismail, Ikhwan Isna Rasdianah Aziz Kamisah Delilawati Pandiangan Kamisah Delilawati Pandiangan Kendari, Putri Kenedi, M Kishy Dhea Herlanda Krisna Rendi Awalludin Kurnia Muludi Leni Agustin Lili Chrisnawati Lili Chrisnawati, Lili Lis Andriani Lulu Anbiya Lulut Dwi Sulistyaningsih M Said Hasibuan Mai Sari Mailinda Angraeni Marinda Sari Sofiyana Marjunus, Roniyus Maulidya Ananda Metari Arsitalia Mitha Valentina Treesya Panjaitan Mitha Valentina Treesya Panjaitan Mochammad Imron Awalludin Muh. Khalifah Mustami Muhammad Irfan Ardiansyah Muslimin Muslimin Nur Qolbi, Hana Nurcayani, Endang Nurul Fadhilla Putri Kendari Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Rahmadani, Desti Deria Rochmah Agustina Rochmah Agustrina Rochmah Agustrina RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Sahira Josy Arifannisa Salsabila, Diana Sarah Sarah Sari, Heni Erlita Sari, Mai Sari, V. Dwi Anggita Sembiring, Rinawati Sijabat, Veronica Elizabeth Siti Zubaidah Sri Ratna Sulistiyanti Sri Wahyuningsih Sri Wahyuningsih Sri Wahyuningsih Sri Wahyuningsih Suhara, . Sukimin Sukimin Sukimin Sukimin Sukimin Sukimin Suryafly, Fanny Dhea Susamto Somowiyarjo Susamto Somowiyarjo Susiyanti, Endah Syamsiar, Syamsiar Tamara, Derlian Ella Tengku Riza Zarzani N Treesya Panjaitan, Mitha Valentina Tri Joko Tripeni Handayani, Tundjung Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani, Tundjung Tripeni Umur, Khoirul Upreti, Brij Mohan Valentina Dwi Anggita Sari WAHYUDI Wandono, Petrus Tri Aji Widi Aryani WOLLY CANDRAMILA Yulia, Yulia Rahma Syari Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Zelfi Julita Dwi Putri

Title

Found 83 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 83 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 83 Documents
Search