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Molecular characterization and effectiveness cross-protection of weak strains against super-infection malignant strains Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) on cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Lampung, Indonesia Mahfut, Mahfut; Sari, Mai; Akin, Hasriadi Mat; Wahyuningsih, Sri; Irawan, Bambang
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.12563-75

Abstract

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a horticultural crop of significant economic importance. One of the major threats to its cultivation is the Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), which can cause severe yield losses and crop failures. This study aimed to isolate weak CMV strains from natural populations of cayenne pepper, characterize their molecular properties, and evaluate the effectiveness of cross-protection conferred by weak strains against superinfection by virulent CMV strains. The research was conducted in three stages: virus isolation, molecular characterization, and evaluation of cross-protection effectiveness. Data analysis was performed using the MEGA v.11.0.11 software and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings identified the C1 isolate as a highly virulent CMV strain. Molecular analysis of naturally infected samples confirmed the presence of CMV through the amplification of specific DNA bands. Inoculation tests revealed distinct differences between weak and malignant strains, particularly in symptom severity and molecular characteristics, such as genetic distance. Furthermore, the weak strains demonstrated a protective effect, significantly reducing the infection rate of virulent CMV strains. This was evidenced by variations in symptom expression, disease severity, plant resistance, chlorophyll levels, carbohydrate content, and peroxidase enzyme activity. These findings highlight the potential application of weak CMV strains in developing disease management strategies for cayenne pepper cultivation.
Deteksi Odontoglossum ringspot virus pada Anggrek Asli Koleksi Kebun Raya di Indonesia Mahfut, Mahfut; Daryono, Budi Setiadi; Somowiyarjo, Susamto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (316.108 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.13.1.1

Abstract

Native orchid is one of Indonesian natural resources which play important role as parental materials in breeding program. Virus infection is one of the limiting factors in the cultivation of orchid. The purpose of this study was to detect Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) from native orchid. Symptomatic orchids were collected from 5 botanical gardens, i.e. Bogor, Cibodas, Purwodadi, Balikpapan, and Enrekang Botanical Gardens. Detection and identification was conducted by serological method using ORSV specific antisera, followed by RT-PCR and DNA sequencing. The serological test showed that 5 samples gave positive reaction against ORSV antiserum, i.e. Phalaenopsis amboinensis (KRB2) and Phalaenopsis amabilis (KRB12) from Bogor Botanical Garden, Phalaenopsis amabilis (KRP18) and Dendrobium salacence (KRP20) from Purwodadi Botanical Garden, dan Phalaenopsis modesta J. J. Sm. (KRBp5) from Balikpapan Botanical Garden. RT-PCR of the 5 samples using specific primer of ORSV coat protein gene was successfully amplified fragment DNA with size ± 474 bp. Homology analysis of those 5 ORSV isolates showed the highest index similiarity of 99.8% with corresponding sequences from 14 other ORSV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that ORSV KRB2 and KRP18 isolates was clustered in a separate group far from ORSV isolates in other countries. This is the first report of ORSV infection on native orchids collection from 5 botanical gardens in Indonesia.
Identifikasi Orchid Mycorrhiza Pada Akar Anggrek Dendrobium nobile Arsitalia, Metari; Wahyudi; Bambang Irawan; Mahfut
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v10i2.21187

Abstract

Orchid mycorrhiza is a type of fungus that is able to associate well with orchid plants. Orchids require fungal hyphae infection at every phase of their growth and development. Mycorrhizal fungi provide the organic and organic nutrients needed by orchid planting. Meanwhile, orchid plants are suppliers because the results of photosynthesis of orchid plants are distributed in the body of fungi as an energy source. Given the importance of the prospect of mycorrhizal utilization for orchids, it is necessary to continue to develop studies on identification. The purpose of this study is to isolate, identify and characterize mycorrhiza in Dendrobium nobile orchids. The method used was with a descriptive design on the identified orchids, samples in the form of Dendrobium nobile orchid roots, the media used was PDA media, transverse and longitudinal root cut types.  The way it works includes sample preparation, media preparation, fungal isolation, fungal colony purification,
The Impact of Drought Stress on The Growth of Water Spinach (Ipomea Reptans Poir) Asadudin, David; Lulu Anbiya; Metari Arsitalia; Mahfut
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v11i1.21188

Abstract

Water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) is a commonly cultivated vegetable in tropical regions like Indonesia. Water spinach faces challenges related to water availability, which can impact various cellular, biochemical, and physiological aspects. Drought can lead to reduced vegetative growth, and a lack of water can inhibit overall plant growth. Therefore, understanding the growth response of water spinach to water stress is crucial for achieving optimal results. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with water concentration as the treatment. Water spinach seeds were selected before being sown and transferred to polybags. Irrigation was conducted with five levels of concentration: 100% (300 ml of water), 75% (225 ml of water), 50% (150 ml of water), 25% (75 ml of water), and 0% (0 ml of water). Observations were made at 14 days old with agronomic and anatomical parameters, and the data were analyzed using MANOVA followed by a Tukey post-hoc test at a 5% significance level with SPSS. The results showed that irrigation with 300 ml and 225 ml of water produced the highest number of stomata and the longest stomata size. For stomatal width, treatments of 300 ml, 225 ml, and 75 ml resulted in wider stomata. Meanwhile, for stomatal area, the 225 ml treatment showed the largest stomatal size. However, no significant differences were observed in plant height and leaf number among the treatments. Drought stress affects photosynthesis and plant growth, with increasingly severe impacts as drought intensity rises. Drought results in reduced stomatal number, smaller stomatal size, and inhibited plant growth.
Molecular Phylogeny of rDNA-ITS on Native Dendrobium in Lampung Mahfut, Mahfut; Syarif, Admi; Wahyuningsih, Sri
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.263

Abstract

Dendrobium, a flagship collection of the Liwa Botanical Garden, is an endemic flora of the Southern Sumatra that requires preservation. One of the challenges in its conservation and potential development is the molecular identification. This molecular identification utilizes DNA barcoding with the rDNA-ITS marker as a practical, rapid, accurate, effective, and efficient alternative, complementing previous species-level identification results based on morphological characteristics. Amplification results from 5 selected samples showed specific bands measuring 300 bp. Sequence data analysis using BioEdit and MEGA V.11.0.11 software with 1000 bootstraps grouped all accessions into the same main cluster with a similarity range of 94–100%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that accession D2 is similar to D. signatum from Japan (AB593662.1), and accession D3 to D. densiflorum (HQ114255), D4 to D. nobile (LC011413.1), accession D6 to D. trigonopus (KF143730.1), and accession D12 to D. faciferum (LC192955.1) from China. The results of this study will enrich the taxonomic and phylogenetic data of Dendrobium, which is essential for conservation and serves as a foundation for its development as a medicinal herbal plant.
Salt Stress Resistance of In Vitro Selection Results-Moon Orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume) Nurcahyani, Endang; Septiani, Dwi; Yulianty, Yulianty; Mahfut, Mahfut
Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Eksperimen dan Keanekaragaman Hayati (J-BEKH) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Lampung in collaboration with The Indonesian Association of Biology (PBI) Lampung Branch.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jbekh.v9i2.215

Abstract

Anggrek bulan adalah satu jenis anggrek yang banyak diminati karena mempunyai keindahan yang dapat dilihat dari ukuran, bentuk, dan warna–warni bunganya sehingga menjadikan produksi anggrek bulan meningkat, tetapi terdapat kendala lahan pertanian yang semakin luas dialihfungsikan ke sektor lainnya dan lahan kurang produktif akibat cekaman garam atau salinitas. Salah satu cara alternatif yang efisien dan efektif untuk mengatasi cekaman garam yaitu dengan menggunakan varietas yang toleran terhadap cekaman garam dengan agen seleksi yaitu NaCl. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat konsentrasi NaCl yang toleran terhadap anggrek bulan dan menentukan tingkatan resistensi anggrek bulan terhadap cekaman garam (NaCl) secara in vitro. Rancangan percobaan pada penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 taraf konsentrasi NaCl 0 % ; 0,25 % ; 0,50 % ; 0,75 %, dan 1 % pada medium Vacin and Went. Parameter yang diamati yaitu, persentase jumlah planlet, visualisasi planlet, tinggi, jumlah daun, indeks stomata, berat basah, kandungan klorofil, dan indeks resistensi cekaman garam. Data kuantitatif dari setiap parameter dianalisis dengan menggunakan Analisis Ragam pada taraf nyata 5% dan uji lanjut dengan Uji Tukey pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat konsentrasi NaCl 0,25% sampai 0,50% yang ditoleransi oleh tanaman anggrek bulan secara in vitro terdapat pada kisaran 0,25-0,5 dikategorikan cekaman sedang, sedangkan konsentrasi NaCl 0,75% sampai 1% terdapat pada kisaran 0,5-1,0 yang dikategorikan cekaman berat dan tingkatan resistensi anggrek bulan seluruh konsentrasi adalah resistensi moderat.   Kata kunci: cekaman garam, NaCl, Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume, resistensi, seleksi in vitro, Moon orchid is the one of orchids that most people like because it has a beauty that can be seen on its size, shape, and its colors so that it makes the production of moon orchid becoming increase, but has a problem such as the larger of agricultural land that converted into other sector, the land becomes less productive because of the salt stress or salinity. The one alternative way that efficient and effective to overcome the salt stress is with using varieties that are tolerant to salt stress with selection agent such as NaCl. This research aims to determine the level of of NaCl concentrations that are tolerant to moon orchid and determine the level of resistance of moon orchid with the salt stress by in vitro. The experimental design of this research used completely randomized design with 5 concentration level NaCl 0%; 0,25%; 0,50%; 0,75%; and 1% in Vacin and Went medium. Parameters observed were plantlet percentage, plantlet visualization, height, number of leaves, stomata index, wet weight, chlorophyll content, and salt stress resistance index. The quantitative data from each parameter is analyzed by using Analysis of Variance at 5% significance level and further test with Tukey test at the significant level 5%. The result of this research showed that the concentration level of NaCl 0,25% to 0,50% that tolerated by moon orchid plants by in vitro was in the range of 0,25 - 0,5 categorized by moderate stress, and 0,75% to 1% was in the range 0,5 – 1,0 that categorized with severe stress and the resistance level of the whole concentration in moon orchid is moderate resistance.   Keywords: NaCl, Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume, selection in vitro, salt stress, resistance  
Variation Symptoms and Resistance Response of Different Types on Orchids (Orchidaceae) Against Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) Infection Mahfut, Mahfut; Daryono, Budi Setiadi
International Series on Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) is one of the viruses that are reported to infect the most orchids in Indonesia. Viral infections cause economic losses. This research was conducted to study the introduction of symptoms of infection that appear as the initial stages of disease control. The source of the virus is orchid leaves Phalaenopsis amabilis positively infected by ORSV collected from Magelang. Virus isolation was carried out by mechanical inoculation to indicator plants (Chenopodium amaranticolor and Nicotiana tabaccum). Furthermore, the results of inoculation were multiplied using various types of orchids (Dendrobium, Cymbidium, Chattleya, Phalaenopsis, Spatthoglotis, Liparis, and Pecteilis). Virus detection on orchid tissue was done trough the DAS-ELISA and observation of virus structure using TEM. The results showed that Pectelis sussanae (L.) Raf. was the only orchid plant that was immune against ORSV approached. Dendrobium sp., Cymbidium sp., Chattleya sp., Phalaenopsis sp., and Spathoglotis sp. showed a response of susceptible of ORSV severe infection symptoms, while Liparis sp. were resistant. The variation of resistance from several orchid plant against infection ORSV showed severe symptoms with the incubation periode was seen earlier. The observation of virus structure using TEM showed rigid road shape particle, 300 x 18 nm in size, which is general characteristic of Tobamovirus. This indicate an infection of ORSV is a dangerous disease and require serious control
Pengaruh Ekstrak Batang Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Fusarium oxysporum yang Menginfeksi Tanaman Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annuum L.) Fadhilla, Nurul; Agustrina, Rochmah; Chrisnawati, Lili; Mahfut, Mahfut
Konservasi Hayati Vol 19 No 2 (2023): OKTOBER
Publisher : Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/hayati.v19i2.26597

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum is a fungal pathogen that causes plant wilt which infects many horticultural crops, including red chili (Capsicum annum L.). The continual control of pathogenic fungus with synthetic pesticides can have a negative impact on the environment, so it is necessary to look for safe and environmentally friendly alternative pathogen control methods, one of which is by using natural pesticides. Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is known as a weed, containing secondary metabolites with antifungal activity. This study aims to determine the effect of bandotan stem extract on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum in infected chili plants during the germination phase. The study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one treatment factor, namely the method of giving bandotan extract consisting of 5 replications. ANOVA results at α = 5% showed that 65% dry bandotan stem extract did not reduce Fusarium oxysporum growth on the red chili plants.
Pelatihan Analisis Genomik Melalui Pengenalan dan Penggunaan Peralatan di Laboratorium Biomolekuler, Universitas Lampung Mahfut, Mahfut; Wandono, Petrus Tri Aji; Ismail, Ikhwan; Anbiya, Lulu; Arsitalia, Metari; Sari, V. Dwi Anggita; Asadudin, David
Jurnal SOLMA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka (UHAMKA Press)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/solma.v14i2.18363

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Kemajuan biologi molekuler membuka peluang besar dalam riset genomik, berdampak luas pada bidang kesehatan, pertanian, dan lingkungan. Diperlukan peningkatan keterampilan sivitas akademika dalam pengoperasian alat laboratorium biomolekuler. Metode: Pelatihan dilakukan melalui pendekatan teori dan praktik langsung (hands-on training), dengan evaluasi menggunakan pre-test dan post-test untuk mengukur peningkatan pemahaman peserta. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan signifikan pada skor post-test, terutama dalam penerapan alat untuk riset. Peserta menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman, khususnya dalam aspek teknis penggunaan alat. Kesimpulan: Pelatihan ini efektif dalam meningkatkan kompetensi laboratorium peserta. Direkomendasikan pelatihan lanjutan dan pendampingan rutin untuk memperkuat keterampilan riset biologi molekuler secara berkelanjutan.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Tauge Dan Atonik Dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) Insani, Mutiara; Nurcayani, Endang; Mahfut; Wahyuningsih, Sri
BULLET : Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): BULLET : Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu (INPRESS)
Publisher : CV. Multi Kreasi Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is a shrub plant of the Solanaceae family that is famous for its spicy taste and high demand in Indonesia. However, the growth of cayenne pepper plants requires optimal plant nutrients. One way to increase plant growth is through fertilization, either with organic fertilizer in the form of bean sprout extract (Vigna radiata L.) or the provision of Growth Regulators (ZPT) in the form of atonik. This study aims to determine the effect of bean sprout extract and atony on the growth of cayenne pepper, determine the most effective concentration of bean sprout extract and atony, and identify the interaction between the two. The research was conducted from February to April 2024 at the Botany Laboratory of FMIPA, University of Lampung, using a completely randomized design (CRD) with a factorial design. The first factor was the application of bean sprout extract with three concentrations (0%, 5%, and 10%), while the second factor was the application of atonic solution with two concentrations (0% and 10%). Each treatment was repeated five times, resulting in 30 experimental units. Parameters observed included plant height, root length, chlorophyll content, leaf visualization, fresh weight, dry weight, and relative water content. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's further test at the 5% level. The results showed that the application of 5% bean sprout extract and 0% atonik gave the best results in plant height, root length, and relative water content. The interaction between bean sprout extract and atony had an effect on the growth of cayenne pepper, but did not have a significant effect on chlorophyll content.
Co-Authors Abda Abda Admi Syarif Admi Syarif Agus Rahardi, Agus Alhuda Niftakul Ahyar Alir, Rahmat Fajrin Amanto Amanto Amanto Amanto Amnah, Alifah Zul Amrani, Alfina Anbiya, Lulu Anggi Anggreiny Apriyanti, Della Arie Setya Putra Armalia, Inayah Arsitalia, Metari Asadudin, David Asmanto, Budi Asriah Nurdini M. Asrini Puspitasari Bambang Irawan Bambang Irawan /E21207042 Budi Setiadi Daryono Budi Setiadi Daryono BUDI SETIADI DARYONO Chrisnawati , Lili Cut Muthiadin Della Apriyanti Derlian Ella Tamara Desti Deria Rahmadani Dian Alfiah Dian Alfiah Dwi Septiani Eka Nuraini Tohari Endah Susiyanti Endang Nurcahyani Endang Nurcahyani Eti Ernawati Eti Ernawiati Eti Ernawiati Eti Ernawiati Fachry Abda El Rahman Fadhilla, Nurul Fania Nur Izzati Fania Nur Izzati Febriansyah, Muhammad Fiska Humaizah Hajrah Hajrah, Hajrah Harfiani, Nabela H.N. Hasriadi Mat Akin Hasti Maulidya Fassya Heni Erlita Sari Heni Erlita Sari Heningtyas, Yunda Heri Satria Heri Satria Herlanda, Kishy Dhea Hermawan, Isna Ainun Indira Putri, Aviva Insani, Mutiara Intan Poespita Windiyani Irni Yuni Minarni Ismail, Ikhwan Isna Rasdianah Aziz Istiqomah Kamisah Delilawati Pandiangan Kamisah Delilawati Pandiangan Kendari, Putri Kenedi, M Kishy Dhea Herlanda Krisna Rendi Awalludin Kurnia Muludi Leni Agustin Lili Chrisnawati Lili Chrisnawati, Lili Lis Andriani Lulu Anbiya Lulut Dwi Sulistyaningsih M Said Hasibuan M. Yogi Riyantama Isjoni Mai Sari Mailinda Angraeni Marinda Sari Sofiyana Marjunus, Roniyus Maulidya Ananda Metari Arsitalia Mitha Valentina Treesya Panjaitan Mitha Valentina Treesya Panjaitan Mochammad Imron Awalludin Muh. Khalifah Mustami Muhammad Irfan Ardiansyah Muslimin Muslimin Nisar Zaidal Nur Qolbi, Hana Nurcayani, Endang Nurul Fadhilla Putri Kendari Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Rahmadani, Desti Deria Rochmah Agustina Rochmah Agustrina Rochmah Agustrina RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Sahira Josy Arifannisa Salsabila, Diana Sarah Sarah Sari, Heni Erlita Sari, Mai Sari, V. Dwi Anggita Sembiring, Rinawati Sijabat, Veronica Elizabeth Siti Zubaidah Sri Ratna Sulistiyanti Sri Wahyuningsih Sri Wahyuningsih Sri Wahyuningsih Sri Wahyuningsih Suhara, . Sukamto, Ika Sumiyarsi Sukimin Sukimin Sukimin Sukimin Sukimin Sukimin Suryafly, Fanny Dhea Susamto Somowiyarjo Susamto Somowiyarjo Susiyanti, Endah Syamsiar, Syamsiar Tamara, Derlian Ella Tengku Riza Zarzani N Treesya Panjaitan, Mitha Valentina Tri Joko Tripeni Handayani, Tundjung Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani Tundjung Tripeni Handayani, Tundjung Tripeni Umur, Khoirul Upreti, Brij Mohan Valentina Dwi Anggita Sari WAHYUDI Wandono, Petrus Tri Aji Widi Aryani WOLLY CANDRAMILA Yulia, Yulia Rahma Syari Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Yulianty Zelfi Julita Dwi Putri