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Peningkatan Efisiensi dan Keberlanjutan Produksi Pewarnaan Batik melalui Proses Berbantuan Ultrasonik: Studi Kasus pada Batik Salma sebagai Produsen Batik Pewarna Alam Kusumastuti, Adhi; Atika, Atika; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar; Abidin, Zaenal; Anis, Samsudin
Jurnal Inovasi Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Vol 4 No 2 (2024): JIPPM - Desember 2024
Publisher : CV Firmos

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54082/jippm.592

Abstract

Penerapan proses pewarnaan berbantuan ultrasonik dilakukan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi produksi batik pewarna alami di antara 20 produsen batik dari Galeri Sentra Batik. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk mengurangi waktu produksi, meningkatkan kualitas pewarna, dan meminimalkan konsumsi sumber daya dalam produksi batik, sekaligus mempromosikan keberlanjutan dan pengembangan kapasitas dalam masyarakat. Pelatihan teori dan aplikasi praktis digunakan untuk menilai dampak program terhadap efisiensi produksi, keberlanjutan lingkungan, dan pemberdayaan peserta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pewarnaan berbantuan ultrasonik secara signifikan meningkatkan efisiensi produksi dan mengurangi waktu pewarnaan. Khususnya, kecerahan dan konsistensi warna batik ditingkatkan, sementara konsumsi air dan energi diturunkan secara signifikan, mendukung praktik produksi yang lebih berkelanjutan. Mitra program, khususnya Batik Salma, melaporkan peningkatan keterampilan teknis dan efisiensi, yang secara langsung berdampak pada produktivitas mereka. Analisis statistik menegaskan efektivitas program, dengan peningkatan signifikan dalam keterampilan dan kepercayaan diri peserta dalam mengadopsi teknologi modern. Proses pewarnaan berbantuan ultrasonik terbukti menjadi inovasi yang berharga untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan keberlanjutan produksi batik pewarna alami. Keberhasilan program ini menyoroti potensi penerapan teknologi ini secara lebih luas dalam industri batik, yang berkontribusi terhadap pelestarian lingkungan dan pemberdayaan ekonomi produsen.
Effect of sandblasting on the characterization of 95MXC coating layer on 304 stainless steel prepared by the twin wire arc spray (TWAS) coating method Fitriyana, Deni Fajar; Puspitasari, Windy Desti; Irawan, Agustinus Purna; Siregar, Januar Parlaungan; Cionita, Tezara; Guteres, Natalino Fonseca Da Silva; Silva, Mateus De Sousa Da; Jaafar, Jamiluddin
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.10898

Abstract

Twin wire arc spraying (TWAS) is a thermal spray process that is widely used in various industries. Nevertheless, the impact of repeated sandblasting on the coating characteristics of FeCrBSiMn coating created using the TWAS technique has not been extensively researched. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of repeated sandblasting on the properties of the FeCrBSiMn coating layer created using the TWAS process. The study used stainless steel 304, 75B, and FeCrBSiMn as the substrate, bond coat, and top coat materials. The substrate materials underwent sandblasting with a repetition of 1, 2, and 3 cycles before the coating procedure. The coating's quality in this study was assessed using surface roughness, thickness, hardness, corrosion rate, bond strength, and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) examination. The findings of this investigation indicate that the sandblasting treatment substantially elevates the surface roughness of 304 stainless steel substrates. As the substrate surface becomes rougher, there is an increase in the percentage of porosity and unmelted material, as well as an increase in the thickness of the coating layer. Furthermore, the hardness of the resulting coating layer diminishes. Specimen A exhibited superior qualities in comparison to the other specimens. The coating layer on this specimen has a percentage of unmelted material and porosity, thickness, hardness, and adhesion of 7.122%, 0.125 mm, 1081.6 HV, and 14.5 MPa respectively. This investigation's results indicate that the substrate material's corrosion rate (x 10−6 mmpy) is 3648.6, which is lower than the corrosion rate of specimen A, which is 37.802.
Opportunities and challenges in the sustainable integration of natural fibers and particles in friction materials for eco-friendly brake pads Imran, Al Ichlas; Siregar, Januar Parlaungan; Mat Rejab, Mohd Ruzaimi; Cionita, Tezara; Hadi, Agung Efriyo; Jaafar, Jamiluddin; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar; Dewi, Rozanna
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 3 (2024): Special Issue on Technology Update 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12271

Abstract

The high concentration of metallic components in the pad composite improves breaking ability at elevated temperatures and frequencies, bolstering the automobile's braking system. The brake pad operates through friction mechanisms, generating PM 10 and PM 2.5 particulate matter that is emitted into the atmosphere, adversely affecting the well-being of humans and animals. Therefore, eco-friendly materials like natural fiber and organic particles are being used as substitutes for the metal in brake pads. However, natural fibers and particles exhibit unique characteristics when interacting with other materials, presenting significant challenges in brake pad composites such as variations in physical properties, limited thermal resistance, and potential degradation at high temperatures and humid environments. These aspects play a crucial role and can affect the structural strength, wear resistance, and overall performance of composite brake pads, especially when operating under extreme braking conditions. This paper review critically discusses automotive braking systems, the benefits of non-natural fiber brake pads, the process of particle emission formation, the components and manufacturing factors of composite brake pads, and the environmentally friendly qualities of brake pads. This study provides an exciting opportunity to advance our knowledge of the presence of natural fibers and organic particles in composite brake pads, which greatly improves the performance of automotive brake systems because they have super physical and mechanical properties, as well as great tribological and thermal endurance. Moreover, eco-friendly brake pads are typically biodegradable, which helps reduce ecological damage, minimize health concerns for humans and animals, and promote a sustainable automobile sector. Furthermore, eco-friendly brake pads show great potential for further advancement in reducing pollutant emissions and enhancing performance.
Advancements in sustainable material development: A Comprehensive review of coir fiber and its composites Imran, Al Ichlas; Siregar, Januar Parlaungan; Cionita, Tezara; Hadi, Agung Efriyo; Setiyo, Muji; Mat Rejab, Mohd. Ruzaimi; Jaafar, Jamiluddin; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar; Dewi, Rozanna
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 4 No 3 (2024): Special Issue on Technology Update 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12556

Abstract

Derived from Coir coconut waste, coir fiber offers an environmentally friendly response to ecological challenges in various industries. Its application aligns with achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as eliminating extreme poverty, ensuring food security, and promoting decent employment and economic expansion. It also fosters environmentally friendly consumption and production, mitigates global warming, and conserves biodiversity. The study involves a comprehensive review of current literature, examining the methodologies including extraction techniques, surface modifications, and manufacturing processes like hand layup, casting, compression molding, hot pressing, and injection molding. The analysis identifies key improvements in mechanical, thermal, and physical properties of coir fiber composites, particularly enhanced tensile strength, thermal stability, and reduced water absorption due to chemical treatments. This confirms previous findings and contributes toward enhancing our understanding that coir fiber is extensively utilized in multiple industries, including housing, construction, transportation, biomedical, wrapping, electrical power, communication technology, biofuel, and bioenergy due to their natural abundance, affordability, ease of shaping, superior durability, and eco-friendly characteristics. Another crucial practical implication is that coir fiber and its composites offer numerous advantages that have significant consequences for the development of coir fiber in various fields.
Design, fabrication, and performance testing of an energy storage and return (ESAR) foot prosthesis made of prepreg carbon composite Ismail, Rifky; Nursafitri, Murti Ayu; Fardinansyah, Akmal Putra; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar; Bayuseno, Athanasius Priharyoto; Siregar, Januar Parlaungan; Setiyo, Muji; Istiqomah, Alfiana Fitri; Sulistyo, Sulistyo
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12652

Abstract

The high demand for prosthetics in Indonesia is not followed by the ability and quality of local production to fulfill the community's needs. There is a lack of comprehensive data regarding the specific challenges encountered by local prosthetic manufacturers in Indonesia, particularly in terms of technological limitations. This study aims to understand the effect of design parameters on the performance of the energy storage and return (ESAR) foot prosthesis prototype in normal walking activities for amputees. Three different designs were created according to commercial products, and a convergence test was conducted to ensure accurate results. Finite element method (FEM) analysis was used to determine the amount of deformation that occurred in each design made when applied with 824 N axial force. The ESAR foot prosthesis prototype made from carbon prepreg was fabricated using an out-of-autoclave method, and the mechanical testing was performed with a compressive test. The results indicated that the optimal design for the ESAR foot prosthesis determined by the decision matrix scoring criteria was Design 3. The final scores for Designs 1, 2, and 3 were 54, 53, and 77, respectively. Design 3 is the easiest to manufacture, has the slightest complexity, and the lightest mass, and undergoes the least deformation during simulation, although it is the least attractive. The study found a significant difference in displacement between the deflections obtained from simulation and experiment. This occurred because the prototype was found to have delamination, which decreased the load-bearing ability of the prototype during compressive testing. Compressive testing on the prototype yielded a deflection of 22.695 mm in heel strike and 18.065 mm in toe-off positions, while FEM analysis showed 16.377 mm and 3.912 mm. Therefore, strict quality control is essential, especially when using materials such as carbon prepreg, which are prone to delamination if not properly processed.
Effect of Firing Holding Time on Density, Porosity, and Hardness, Crucible Materials Based on Evaporation Boats Hidayat, Wakhid Muhlisin; Rusiyanto, Rusiyanto; Widodo, Rahmat Doni; Sumbodo, Wirawan; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2022.003.02.1

Abstract

Evaporation boats are conductive advanced ceramic composites with the best thermal evaporation source for metalizing applications. The short life time of the evaporation boats causes the metalizing industry to produce large amounts of evaporation boats waste. However, studies on the utilization of evaporation boat waste are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of firing holding time on the density, porosity, and hardness of crucible materials made from evaporation boats waste. The material used in this research is a mixture of evaporation boats waste powder, kaolin, and graphite, with a composition of 50%, 25% and 25%, respectively. During the mixing process, 15% of the water is added. The compacting process carried out with a compaction pressure of 25 MPa. The firing process is carried out at a temperature of 1000oC with holding times of 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. The test results show that the holding time of firing has an effect on density, porosity, and hardness. The highest density value was 1,91 g/cm3 at a holding time of 180 minutes, and the lowest was 1,77 g/cm3 at a holding time of 60 minutes. The highest porosity value is 4,10% at a holding time of 60 minutes, and the lowest is 2,16% at a holding time of 180 minutes. The highest hardness value was 12,84 HV at a holding time of 180 minutes, and the lowest was 8,3 HV at a holding time of 60 minutes. The longer holding time in the firing process results in a decrease in the porosity content. The decrease in the porosity content results in an increase in density and hardness of the cruicible specimens.
Effect of Firing Temperature on Density, Porosity, Impact Strength, and Macro Structure of Crucible Materials Made from Graphite, Kaolin, and Castable Cement Latif, Abdul; Rusiyanto, Rusiyanto; Sunyoto, Sunyoto; Kriswanto, Kriswanto; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2022.003.02.3

Abstract

Along with the advancement of modern times and technology, the metal sector plays a critical role in sustaining present growth. The industry's increased competitiveness has hampered the development of numerous small-scale metal casting industries. A crucible made of local graphite can only be used not more than ten melting cycles. This research aims to examine the influence of firing temperature on the density, porosity, impact strength, and macrostructure of graphite, kaolin and castable cement crucible materials. This research applies experiment method at various firing temperature, i.e. 850 °C, 900 °C, 950 °C, 1000 °C and 1050 °C. The crucible materials are made of graphite, kaolin, and castable cement. The firing process employs a heating rate of 5 °C/min and a holding time 2 hours. The results show that firing temperature influences the density, porosity, impact strength and macrostructure of crucible. The highest density at 1.86 grams/cm3 was obtained at the firing temperature of 1050 °C. The lowest porosity value of 41% was attained at firing temperature of 1050 °C. However, this value was still below the crucible index criterion. The highest impact strength of 0.003249 Joule/mm2 occurred for firing temperature of 1050 °C.
Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite from Green Mussel Shells Using Micro-wave Method Through Ultrasonic Mixing Process and Magnetic Stirrer Stirring Agus Prasetyo; Risky Ismail; A. P. Bayuseno; Samsudin Anis; Deni Fajar Fitriyana; Muhammad Afrizal; Januar Parlaungan Siregar
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): June 2025 [Nationally Accredited Sinta 3]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v14i1.25497

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a biomaterial containing calcium phosphate with the chemical formula which is similar to the structure of human bone, so it is good for the purpose of healing human bones and teeth. HAp synthesis has several methods that can affect the results of HAp synthesis, such as the method of mixing CaO with phosphate, namely mixing with ultrasonic machines and magnetic stirrers. However, the discussion about the difference of HAp results with the mixing method of ultrasonic machine and magnetic stirrer is still rarely done. Therefore, it is important to examine and compare the characteristics of HAp synthesized by ultrasonic and magnetic stirrer mixing. The result of XRD test shows that HA1 has a purity of weight percentage (wt.%) of HAp crystal of 99.8%, while HA2 has a weight percentage (wt.%) of HAp crystal of 97.7%. For the FTIR test results of both specimens detected the presence of phosphate groups, and hydoxide, where both are the basic form of hydroxyapatite. Carbonate groups were also detected in the test, but it cannot be said to be bad because carbonate is a natural substitute for phosphate. 
Mechanical Performance of Alkali-Treated Rattan Strips with Epoxy Coating for Sustainable Composite Applications Kalatharan, Sujentheran Nair; Imran, Al Ichlas; Irawan, Agustinus Purna; Siregar, Januar Parlaungan; Cionita, Tezara; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar; Anis, Samsudin; Dewi, Rozanna; Setyoadi, Yuris; Wisnu Prayogo
Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology Vol. 7 No. 3 (2025): May - July
Publisher : Science and Technology Research Centre Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/asset.v7i3.2017

Abstract

The use of natural materials like rattan in eco-friendly composites is gaining attention in materials engineering. However, its hydrophilic nature and interaction with other materials can affect mechanical strength. This study investigates how variations in rattan size and alkali treatment influence the tensile properties of single rattan strips through an epoxy dipping process. Rattan was prepared with varying lengths (5–15 cm), widths (3–8 mm), and a consistent thickness (0.5 mm). Alkali treatment used 5% and 10% NaOH concentrations for 1 and 24 hours. Tensile testing showed that a 5 cm × 8 mm strip achieved the highest tensile strength (49.95 MPa), Young's modulus (3562.77 MPa), and low strain (5.4%), while the 15 cm × 3 mm strip had the lowest strength (9.48 MPa) and modulus (475.69 MPa) with higher strain (10.32%). A 5% NaOH treatment for 24 hours improved adhesion and performance, while 10% caused degradation.
The Effect of KNO3 Addition on the Properties of Coconut Shell Charcoal Briquettes Achmad Erlangga Bintang Samodra; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar; samsudin anis; janviter manalu; Al Ichlas Imran; Januar Parlaungan Siregar; Tezara Cionita
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): June 2025 [Nationally Accredited Sinta 3]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v14i1.26289

Abstract

This research investigates the effects of incorporating potassium nitrate (KNO₃) into coconut shell charcoal briquettes, emphasizing their physical and chemical characteristics. Briquettes were manufactured utilizing coconut shell charcoal powder, tapioca flour as a binder, and different concentrations of KNO₃ (0% and 10%) as an additive. The aim was to assess the impact of KNO₃ incorporation on the water content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value, and density of the briquettes. The findings indicated that incorporating KNO₃ resulted in elevated water and ash content, adversely affecting combustion efficiency. Briquettes with increased water content demonstrated reduced mechanical strength and inferior combustion performance. The addition of KNO₃ led to an increased volatile matter content, facilitating ignition of the briquettes while simultaneously resulting in higher smoke emissions. The addition of KNO₃ resulted in a decrease in fixed carbon content, which subsequently lowered the calorific value of the briquettes. The formulation without KNO₃ produced the densest briquette, suggesting that including KNO₃ reduced the briquette density. The inclusion of KNO₃ enhances ignition characteristics; however, it concurrently diminishes the briquettes' overall quality regarding combustion efficiency and calorific value. The Briquette B_1 exhibited the highest results in this investigation, with water content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon content, calorific value, and density values of 4.97%, 1.87%, 17.25%, 80.88%, 7014 Cal/g, and 0.90 g/cm³, respectively.
Co-Authors A. P. Bayuseno Abdul Haris Abdul Latif Abdurrahman Abdurrahman Achmad Erlangga Bintang Samodra Adhi Kusumastuti Agus Prasetyo Agustinus Purna Irawan Ahmad Athoillah Akmal Putra Fardinansyah Al Ichlas Imran Aldias Bahatmaka Alfiana Fitri Istiqomah Alrasyid, Mochamad Dzaki Amrizal, Abdi Gilang Andi Abdullah Ghyferi Andri Setiyawan Ardhianto, Mochamad Marte Aripin, Muhammad Bustanul Atanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno Atika Atika Ayub Budhi Anggoro, Ayub Budhi Baharudin Priwintoko Bawono, Ayus Dios Buana, Lanang Puspa Chusni Ansori Cionita, Tezara Darsono, Febri Budi Dimyati, Saeful Elisya Rohana Etanto Heiliano Wijayanto Fahmi, Fiqri Fadillah Fajri, Novila Rojabni Fardinansyah, Akmal Putra Fiqri Fadillah Fahmi Frans Augusthinus Asmuruf Fuad Arief Raharjo Galih Taqwatomo Ghyferi, Andi Abdullah Gunawan Dwi Haryadi Guteres, Natalino Fonseca Da Silva Guterres, Natalino Fonseca Da Silva Hadi, Agung Efriyo Hanif Hidayat Hidayat, Indra Nurul Hidayat, Wakhid Muhlisin Hyung, Cho Joung I Nyoman Jujur Imanu Danar Herunandi Imran, Al Ichlas Iskandar Norman Iskandar, Ranu Ismail, Nur Hidayah Istiqomah, Alfiana Fitri Iwan Setyadi Jamiluddin, Jamiluddin Janiviter Manalu Januar Parlaungan Siregar Januar Parlaungan Siregar Januar Parlaungan Siregar Jefri Bale JOHNSON SIALLAGAN Junaedi, Thomas Jurdan Fulandy Siswoyo Kalatharan, Sujentheran Nair Kamis, Arasinah Kano, Christina Paulina Karomi, Dimas Adib Kharisma Rizki Septareza Khristhoper Aris Arianto Manalu Kriswanto Kriswanto, Kriswanto Laksono, Aryo Eko Laksono, Galih Tri M. Dzulfikar M. Dzulfikar M. Thooriq Anwar Manalu, Janviter Marlangen, Retno Mat Rejab, Mohd Ruzaimi Mat Rejab, Mohd. Ruzaimi Meiartha, REGA Mochamad Marte Ardhianto Mochammad Marte Ardianto Moh. Jufriyanto Mohd Ruzaimi Mat Rejab Mubarok, D.I. Muhamadin, Rilo Chandra Muhammad Afrizal Muhammad Dzulfikar Muhammad Fahrizal Almeir Muhammad Habibullah Muhammad Khafidh Muhammad Rezha Assalam Muhammad Yusuf Wibowo Muhammad Zulfikar Muhammad, Katon Muji Setiyo Murti Ayu Nur Safitri Nanang Endriatno Natalino Fonseca Da Silva Guterres Ninda Kurniadi Nizar Alamsyah Norman Iskandar Norman Iskandar Norman Iskandar Nubli, Haris Nugroho, Rizky Fajar Nursafitri, Murti Ayu Pahlawan, Ilham Arifin Permata Ningtyas, Alviani Hesthi Pramesti, Santinia Andiva Prasetyo, Ares Yudi Pratama Eka P. S Prawibowo, Hartanto Prayogo, Wisnu Puspitasari, Windy Desti Putera, Finny Pratama Putra, Naufal Bahy Putri Agustin Priyani Rafif Dimas Pratama Rahmat Doni Widodo Rejab, Mohd Ruzaimi Mat Rifky Ismail Rifky Ismail Risky Ismail Rizal Maulana Rizki Setiadi Rizqi Fitri Naryanto Romualdus Satrio Senoaji Rozanna Dewi Rusiyanto Rusiyanto, Rusiyanto Rusiyanto, R. Sambodo Arif Wibowo Samsudin Anis Septian Eko Cahyanto Setiadi, Rizki Setiawan, Nur Ervil Silva, Mateus De Sousa Da Siregar, Januar Parlaungan Sonika Maulana sri Nugroho Sri Nugroho Sudiyono, S. Sulardjaka Sulardjaka Sulardjaka Sulardjaka Sulistyo Sulistyo Sulistyo Sulistyo Sunyoto Sunyoto Suwahyo - Tezara Cionita Tezara Cionita Thesar Aditya Nurcholis Triyanto, Sandy Wahyu Hidayat Wibowo, Muhammad Yusuf Wicaksana, Yazid Surya Wijayanto, Etanto Heiliano Wirawan Sumbodo Wisnu Prayogo Yabansabra, Yuliana Ruth Yotenka, Rahmadi Yuris Setyoadi Yusuf Subagyo Zaenal Abidin