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Customer Satisfaction Level of Pharmaceutical Care at Mulawarman Mitra Medika Pharmacy Boli Matius Tandi Payung; Ratno Adrianto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : A pharmacy is one of the facilities for carrying out pharmaceutical work and distributing pharmaceutical supplies to the public, aimed at improving community health. One of the indicators used to assess the quality of health services is customer satisfaction measurement. Satisfaction refers to the level of a person’s feelings when comparing perceived performance or results with their expectations. Objective : This study aimed to determine the level of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services at Apotek Mulawarman Mitra Medika. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The research was descriptive and used a satisfaction questionnaire. The subjects were patients who visited Apotek Mulawarman Mitra during a one-month period. Results : Based on the reliability dimension, the majority of respondents (29 people or 58.0%) stated that the service was of good quality, while 21 respondents (42.0%) considered it not good. For the responsiveness aspect, 27 respondents (52.0%) stated that the service was good, and 23 respondents (46.0%) stated otherwise. Regarding assurance, 26 respondents (52.0%) rated the service as good, while 24 respondents (48.0%) did not. Similarly, in the empathy dimension, 26 respondents (52.0%) stated that the service was of good quality, while 24 respondents (48.0%) stated it was not. For the tangible dimension, 26 respondents (52.0%) stated that the service was good, and 24 respondents (48.0%) stated it was not. Overall, the findings indicate that pharmaceutical services at Apotek Mulawarman Mitra Medika are considered to have achieved a satisfactory level of quality across all assessed dimensions. Conclusion/Lesson Learned :
Analysis of Health Service Performance at Loa Bakung Health CenterAfter Implementation The e-Puskesmas System La Debi Atthoba; Ike Anggraeni; Ratno Adrianto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Digital transformation is a key strategy in modernizing the health sector globally and nationally. In Indonesia, the implementation of health information systems such as E-Puskesmas aims to improve work efficiency, clinical data accuracy, service effectiveness at First-Level Health Facilities. Objective : This study analyzes the performance indicators of health services at UPTD Puskesmas Loa Bakung after the implementation of the E-Puskesmas system, focusing on service time efficiency, curative workload, and the achievement of promotive–preventive programs. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A descriptive approach was used based on secondary data from E-Puskesmas operational reports from January to September 2025. Data were obtained from individual service unit (UKP) reports, monthly BPJS Health reports, and public health program records. The analysis focused on operational efficiency, disease burden profiles, and priority program achievements. Results : Findings reveal a gap between digitalization goals and operational reality. Only 50.1% of patients were served within less than 10 minutes, indicating workflow bottlenecks. Essential Hypertension (2,985 cases), Acute Respiratory Infections (1,300 cases) dominated curative services, while screening achievements for Hypertension (16.43%) and Diabetes (4.10%) remained below targets. This reflects a reactive service orientation with limited promotive and preventive efforts. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : : E-Puskesmas has improved data recording accuracy but has not fully enhanced systemic performance. Optimization is needed through better network infrastructure, improved digital competence among health workers, and data-driven decision-making. Strategic focus should emphasize strengthening promotive and preventive programs as the core of primary health digital transformation.
Influence of Customer Relationship Management on RelationshipQuality at Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital Sumarni Sumarni; Ratno Adrianto; Chaerunnisa Chaerunnisa; Eka Putri Rahayu
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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As hospital competition and service demands rise, patient loyalty becomes a critical asset. Therefore, understanding how Customer Relationship Management (CRM) influences Relationship Quality (RQ) is essential. CRM is no longer just an administrative tool; it is a core strategy to strengthen RQ. By improving understanding, interaction, and personalization, CRM directly builds the trust, satisfaction, and commitment that form a strong RQ, which is the foundation for patient loyalty. This study analyzes the influence of Customer Relationship Management on Relationship Quality in inpatient services at Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital. Method Using a quantitative analytical survey design, data were collected from 390 purposively selected inpatients who had visited the hospital at least twice in the past six months. A closed-ended Likert scale questionnaire was used, and data were analyzed with the Chi-Square tests and Logistic Regression were included. The results show that Customer Knowledge, Customer Knowledge Management Capability, and Customization have a significant effect on RQ, while Customer Interaction has no significant effect. Overall, RQ plays a central role as a mediator, where the application of the Customer Relationship Management strategy is significantly able to strengthen the loyalty of inpatients at Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Hospital through the formation of quality relationships. These findings highlight that understanding patients comprehensively, effectively managing patient knowledge, and tailoring services to patient needs are strategic in strengthening hospital–patient relationships. Practical implications suggest prioritizing CRM strategies focused on patient needs and experiences to foster long-term, mutually beneficial relationships.
Not All Water is Equal: The Hidden Impact of Drinking Sources on Maternal Hemoglobin Rudi Saputra; Grace Angelina; Syarifah Amira Najla; Dzulhannisa Tricindra; Rini Wahidatul Ulpah; Ahmad Ahsyar Hamri; Muhammad Khairul Nuryanto; Setyo Nugroho; Ratno Adrianto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Water quality is vital for maternal health. In Indonesia, consuming untreated or lowquality water may increase anemia risk in pregnant women. Objective : This study examined the relationship between drinking water sources and hemoglobin levels and identified factors influencing water source selection. Research Methods / Implementation Methods : A cross-sectional study of 72 pregnant women was conducted at Palaran Health Center, Samarinda (Dec 2024–Jan 2025). Data on sociodemographics and drinking water sources were collected via questionnaire, while hemoglobin levels were obtained from laboratory records. Due to non-normal data distribution (p < 0.05), the Kruskal–Wallis test with post hoc comparisons was applied. Determinants of water source selection were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Results : Most respondents (76.4%) consumed unboiled refilled gallon water, which was associated with significantly lower hemoglobin levels than bottled or PDAM water (p = 0.002). The logistic model was significant (χ² = 75.233, df = 54, p = 0.030; Nagelkerke R² = 0.811). Significant predictors of water source choice included number of pregnancies, abortion or fetal death history, delivery history, household income, mother’s and husband’s education levels (p < 0.05). Conclusion / Lesson Learned : Unboiled refilled gallon water consumption is linked to lower hemoglobin levels and higher anemia risk. Reproductive and socioeconomic factors influence water source selection. Education on safe water handling and boiling practices is essential to improve maternal hematologic health.
Analysis of Test Result Timeliness as a Laboratory Service Quality Indicator Sadaria Sadaria; Ratih Wirapuspita Wisnuwardani; Ratno Adrianto; Ida Ayu Indira Dwika Lestari
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Timeliness of laboratory result reporting is a key quality indicator that reflects efficiency, professionalism, and customer satisfaction in accordance with ISO 15189:2022 standards. Reporting delays remain a common issue in public laboratories due to limited resources and system inefficiencies. This study addresses practical, scientific, and theoretical gaps in understanding factors influencing turnaround time (TAT) in regional laboratories and how digital quality systems can improve service performance. Objective : This study aimed to analyze the level of reporting timeliness and identify factors contributing to delays at the Provincial Health Laboratory (UPTD Labkes) of East Kalimantan during January–June 2025. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A descriptive quantitative approach was applied using primary data from laboratory test logs, interviews, and field observations, along with secondary data from internal quality indicator reports. Results : he findings revealed an average reporting timeliness of 88.2%, still below the minimum internal quality target of 90%, with variations among divisions. The Biomolecular and Calibration units achieved 100%, while the Congenital Hypothyroid Screening (CHS) program recorded the lowest timeliness at 86.8%. Reporting delays were mainly due to high workloads, limited human resources, suboptimal LIS/SIL transition, technical constraints in MMPI scoring, and reagent supply delays. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Improvement strategies include optimizing human resource planning, strengthening integrated digital systems, enhancing staff competence through the PDCA cycle, and real-time reagent monitoring. Digital transformation and continuous quality system implementation are strategic measures to achieve fast, accurate, and trustworthy laboratory services aligned with international standards.
Community Satisfaction Survey of Loa Ipuh Health Center 2024–2025 Based on Ministerial Regulation No. 14/2017 Reza Jales Mahesa Adiyatsa; Ratno Adrianto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : The Community Satisfaction Survey is an essential instrument for evaluating the quality of public services as mandated by the Indonesian Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform Regulation No. 14 of 2017. This instrument assesses users’ perceptions of service quality based on nine service elements. In the health sector, this survey serves not only as a measurement tool but also as a foundation for continuous quality improvement. Objective : This study aims to compare the service performance of Loa Ipuh Health Center in 2024 and 2025 using a descriptive analysis approach based on primary survey data involving 375 respondents in each year. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The evaluation covers all nine service elements and performance across service units (poli) following the guidelines of the Community Satisfaction Index (IKM). Results : The results show an increase in IKM from 87.06 in 2024 to 87.50 in 2025, indicating an overall improvement in service quality, although the increase remains modest. The highest-scoring elements in both years were Staff Attitude and Service Fees/Tariffs, reflecting positive public perceptions of staff behavior and cost affordability. Conversely, Service Specifications and Service Timeliness were the lowest-scoring elements, suggesting challenges related to service consistency and waiting time. Analysis across service units also revealed performance variations, with the KIA, Nutrition, and Procedure Units performing well, while the Laboratory and Registration Units scored below average. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : These findings highlight the need for targeted improvements in weaker elements and units to strengthen overall service quality in subsequent years.
Overview Of E-Kianpuas patient Satisfaction on Five DimentionsSERVQUAL in Airputih Dental Health Services Tasha Citra Purnama; Ratno Adrianto; Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Quality healthcare services are a top priority in improving community satisfaction as an indicator of public service performance. The Samarinda City Government, through the E- Kianpuas application, has introduced a digital-based public satisfaction survey to assess the quality of health services at community health centers (Puskesmas). This study focuses on dental and oral health services at the Air Putih Health Center, which play a vital role in enhancing community health status Objective : This study aims to describe community satisfaction with the quality of dental and oral health services using the E-Kianpuas application, analyzed through the five SERVQUAL dimensions: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A quantitative descriptive survey approach was employed, referring to Regulation of the Minister for Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform (Permenpan) No. 14 of 2017. Data were collected from the E-Kianpuas application in 2024 involving 24 respondents aged 18–66 years. Measurements used a 1–4 Likert scale and were analyzed descriptively to calculate averages and convert them into the Community Satisfaction Index (IKM). Results : The overall IKM score was 84.38, categorized as “Good.” The Assurance and Responsiveness dimensions achieved the highest scores, reflecting fast, transparent, and safe services. Meanwhile, Tangibles, Reliability, and Empathy received lower scores, particularly regarding facilities, service time, and staff politeness. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The E-Kianpuas application effectively evaluates health service quality and supports continuous improvement. Although Air Putih Health Center meets public expectations, enhancing physical facilities, procedural efficiency, and interpersonal communication is essential for optimal service quality.
Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence for Early Dental Caries Screening in Samarinda Rivana Firnanda; Ratno Adrianto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly advanced in dentistry, offering opportunities to enhance the early detection and diagnosis of dental caries. In Indonesia, caries remains a significant public health problem, and conventional screening methods are often subjective, time-consuming, and less accurate. Integrating AI into dental screening can improve diagnostic precision and efficiency, especially in primary healthcare settings such as clinics in Samarinda. Objective : To evaluate the effectiveness of AI applications in early caries screening, explore healthcare professionals’ perceptions toward AI adoption in primary care, and analyze policy implications related to digital health integration in dental services in Samarinda. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Literature was sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, covering publications between 2016 and 2025. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria focusing on AI applications for caries detection, diagnostic accuracy, and relevance to primary healthcare. Data were synthesized descriptively to assess AI’s performance and implementation challenges. Results : The review revealed that AI models, particularly those based on deep learning and convolutional neural networks (CNN), demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90%. AI applications improved diagnostic efficiency and decision-making in dental care. However, barriers such as limited digital infrastructure, low technological literacy among practitioners, and regulatory challenges persist in the implementation phase. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : AI shows strong potential to improve early caries screening in primary care by enhancing diagnostic speed and accuracy. Successful implementation requires adequate infrastructure, practitioner training, and supportive digital health policies. Integrating AI can contribute significantly to the digital transformation of oral healthcare services in Samarinda.
An Overview Of Outpatient Service Quality At RSIA AisyiyahSamarinda In 2025 Mudassir Yunus; Nur Rohmah; Rahmat Bahtiar; Ratno Adrianto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Service quality is a crucial factor for patient satisfaction and loyalty in healthcare facilities. The Government of Indonesia, through the Minister of Health Decree (Kemenkes) RI Number 129/Menkes/SK/II/2008, has set Minimum Service Standards (SPM) for outpatient satisfaction at ≥90%. A study in 2024 showed a relationship between service quality and patient satisfaction at RSIA Aisyiyah Samarinda, and an internal survey report for the January-June 2024 periodindicated that outpatient patient satisfaction was still below the 90% threshold. Objective : This study aims to provide an overview of outpatient service quality at RSIA Aisyiyah Samarinda in 2025 Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This was a descriptive quantitative study using accidental sampling technique, with data collected from 110 respondents (n=110). The service quality variable was measured using five dimensions (Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy) Results : The results showed that the overall average service quality at RSIA Aisyiyah Samarinda reached 90.6%, which falls into the “Very Good” category and meets the minimum standards set by the Ministry of Health (Kemenkes). The dimensions that exceeded the standard were Assurance (92.5%), Empathy (92.1%), and Reliability (91.0%). However, two dimensions remained below the 90% threshold, namely Responsiveness (89.3%) and Tangibles (88.0%). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The overview of outpatient service quality at RSIA Aisyiyah Samarinda in 2025 was categorized as very good
Analysis of Health Service Quality and Patient Satisfaction Among Hypertension Patients in Samarinda Sayyid Muhammad Taqie; Ratno Adrianto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases in Indonesia and requires long-term, continuous care. The Sungai Siring Community Health Center in North Samarinda records a high number of hypertensive patient visits every month. However, preliminary findings revealed several service issues, such as long waiting times, limited communication between patients and health workers, and lack of coordination among service units. These problems indicate a gap between patients’ expectations and the actual quality of services. Improving service quality is essential because it directly affects patient satisfaction, adherence to treatment, and continuity of care Objective : To analyze the relationship between the seven WHO dimensions of healthcare service quality—safety, effectiveness, timeliness, patient-centeredness, efficiency, equity, and integration— and patient satisfaction among hypertensive patients at the Sungai Siring Community Health Center, Samarinda. This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 139 hypertensive patients were selected through accidental sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering respondent characteristics, assessments of the seven service quality dimensions, and patient satisfaction levels. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05 Results : All seven dimensions of service quality showed a significant relationship with patient satisfaction (p = 0.001) Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Effectiveness and timeliness were the most influential dimensions. Providing effective, timeliness, efficient, and patient-centered care and integration can increase patient trust, loyalty, and adherence to hypertension treatment at the community health center.
Co-Authors 'Aina 'Uruba, Huurul Agustina Simanangi Pamowa Agustina, Elvi Ahmad Ahsyar Hamri Akhmad Azmiardi Akhmad Azmiardi Akhmad Irawan Alvie Magda Lesiwal Alwan Zakki Nozomi Alya Indriani Aminah Aminah Anisatia Saputri Annisa Nurrachmawati Annisa Nurracmawati AR, Chaerunnisa AR., Chaerunnisa Ari Utari Ari Utari Ashri Budi Astuti Astuti, Ashri Budi Astuti, Prima Yulia Atik Suhargiati Auralia, Syalmita Auralia, Syalmitha Ayu Indira Dwika Lestari Ayu Sri Mega Astuti Baharudin, Irfansyah Blego Sedionoto Boli Matius Tandi Payung Chaerunnisa AR Chaerunnisa AR Chaerunnisa Chaerunnisa Dahlia Dahlia Danu Putra, Muhammad Rangga Dedi Priansyah Desy Indah Mardiana Dewi Endah Ramadhani Dias Pratama Dwi Astuti Noor Wijayanti Dwi Listiyani Dzulhannisa Tricindra Edi Suhartono Eka Dewi Sitepu, Abira Ivanca Eka Putri Rahayu Eka Putri Rahayu Eka Putri Rahayu Eko Prasetya Budi Eko Prasetya Budi Elvi Agustina Elvira, Vivi Filia Endah Dwi Setianingtyas Fajri, Audya Nada Fatimatuzzahra, Siti Ferdhitya Rizky Syauqi Fierda Eka Pratiwi Firda Septimaulida Gloria Priska Britani Sumlang Grace Angelina Hasan, Hismawati Hilda Hilda Hilda Hilda Hutauruk, Hutauruk Huwaidah, Ayu Ida Ayu Indira Dwika Lestari Ida Ayu Indira Dwika Lestari Ike Anggraeni Ike Anggraini Ike Anggraini G Ilfa Pratiwi M Noors Imanuddin, Khairul Ira Puspa Rachmawati Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki Irfansyah Baharudin Pakki Irfansyah Bahruddin Pakki Iriani Iriani Iriyani Iriyani Iriyani K Iryani Kamaruddin Isnaniah, Enny Ivanca, Abira Iwan M. Ramdan Iwan M. Ramdan Iwan Muhamad Ramdan Iwan Muhamad Ramdan Iwan Muhammad Ramdam Iwan Muhammad Ramdan Jami&#039;an Jami&#039;an Jami’an Jami’an Jaya Mualimin Julia Arlianti Devani Juliana Hasibuan Jumliana, Jumliana Kania Imanuella Rante Kartikasari , Dina Khalisha, Nailah Khalishah az Zahra Kurniawan Khotimah, Vika Khusnul Khusnul, Vika Kurniawan, Khalishah az Zahra La Debi Atthoba Lasari, Aramika Laura, Najoan Brigitta Lenik Gah, Regina Lisa Septiana Marinda, Indri Masruroh1,2, Ah Yusuf3 , Nikmatur Rohmah4, Irfansyah Baharudin Pakki5 , Anita Dewi Prahastuti Prasojo6 , Qurnia Andayani1 , *Agung Dwi Laksono7 Maulana, Ady Mochamad Makin Mudassir Yunus Mudassir Yunus Muhammad Khairul Nuryanto Muhammad Noor Muhammad Rangga Muhammad Sultan Muhammad Sultan, Muhammad Nada, Abira Ivanca Audya Nada, Audya Nadya Zahira Shafa Najoan Brigitta Laura Nauli, Ruth Sekar Netie Rahmayani Noriah, Noriah Norsehan Norsehan Nunuk Kusuma Wardani Nur Asiyah Nur Rohmah Nur Rohmah Nur, Syalmitha Auralia Nurkholis Nurkholis Nurlianti Nurlianti Nurlinda, Fitria Nursakti Nursakti Nurul Rizkiana Tistania Palupi Setyo Hapsari Panuturi Ratih Elizabeth Thresna Sinaga Paramita, Tri Ratna Pasha, Yuliana Pratama, Dias Rahayu, Eka Putri Rahmad Bakhtiar Rahmat Bahtiar Rahmat Bahtiar Rahmat Bakhtiar Rahmat Bakhtiar Rahmat Baktiar Rahmi Susanti Rangga, M. Ratih Wirapuspita Wisnuwardani Ratih Wirapuspita Wisnuwardani Ratih Wirapuspita Wisnuwardani Reny Noviasty Reza Jales Mahesa Adiyatsa Rinda Purnama Rini Astuti Wardhani Rini Wahidatul Ulpah Risky Amelia Rhamadani Rivana Firnanda Riyan Ningsih Riyan Ningsih Rizqa Mahardhika Ronny Setiawati Rudi Saputra Rudi Saputra Sadaria Sadaria Salyanti Puji Negeri Samsinar Basri Sayyid Muhammad Taqie Septimaulida, Firda Setyo Nugroho Sinar Sinar siti nurlela Subirman - Sumarni Sumarni Sumarni Sumarni Syarifah Amira Najla Tasha Citra Purnama Tri Ratna Paramita Ulfah, Meilida W, Ratih Wirapuspita. Wahyudi, Ayu Huwaidah Wardani, Citra Rizki Wirapuspita Wisnuwardani, Ratih Yadi Yasir Yerita Adellia Yudi Jaya Cahyana Yumardi Zheditya Ayu Syawalia Zheditya Ayu Syawalia Zulhijrian Noor