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All Journal BERKALA SAINSTEK JAM : Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics Wacana, Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Pembangunan dan Alam Lestari JDE (Journal of Developing Economies) Jurnal Ilmiah KOMPUTASI Pendas : Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar JURNAL VISIONIDA Jurnal Maritim Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review Jurnal Tinta: Jurnal Ilmu Keguruan dan Pendidikan Journal Zetroem Azzahra : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Jurnal Pengabdian Inovasi dan Teknologi Kepada Masyarakat Gladi : Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan ELPOSYS: Jurnal Sistem Kelistrikan Swakarya: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Jurnal Aplikasi Perpajakan Journal of Educational Engineering and Environment BEduManageRs Journal : Borneo Educational Management and Research Journal Journal of Development Economic and Social Studies (JDESS) Contemporary Studies in Economic, Finance and Banking (CSEFB) Islamic Economics and finance in Focus (IEFF) Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam Scientific Development Journal Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi dan Terapan Kajen: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pembangunan
Susilo
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Other

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Unveiling the Antioxidant Power of Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana): A Solvent-Based Analysis of Phenolics and Radical Scavenging Activity Saputra, Angga; Susilo
BERKALA SAINSTEK Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bst.v14i2.60013

Abstract

The peel of Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana) contains various bioactive compounds, particularly phenolic compounds with potential as natural antioxidants. This study evaluated the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of fruit peel extracts using four different solvents (methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane) through three antioxidant assays: DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. The results showed that solvent type significantly affected TPC (p = 0.024) and all antioxidant parameters (p < 0.05). Methanol yielded the highest TPC (47.38 ± 11.81 mg GAE/g) and exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity in the DPPH and ABTS assays, while ethanol demonstrated the highest FRAP value (247.83 ± 41.27 μmol TE/g) despite having the lowest TPC. Correlation analysis revealed a positive and significant relationship between TPC and all antioxidant assays, especially between TPC and FRAP. These findings confirm that polar solvents such as methanol and ethanol are more effective in extracting phenolic and antioxidant compounds from Z. maurtiana peel, supporting their potential use in the development of functional food and pharmaceutical products.
Methanolic Peel Extract of Ziziphus mauritiana as a Promising Natural Antioxidant and Antibacterial Source Oktaviani, Violitta; Susilo
BERKALA SAINSTEK Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bst.v14i2.60014

Abstract

Rising microbial resistance to synthetic antibiotics has prompted the search for natural therapeutic agents from underutilized agricultural waste. The growing resistance of microorganisms to synthetic antibiotics has prompted the search for new therapeutic agents derived from natural sources. The fruit peel of Ziziphus mauritiana remains underexplored, yet holds potential as a source of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the methanolic peel extract of Z. mauritiana and to analyze its correlation with total phenolic content (TPC). Extraction was performed using the Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method, followed by analysis of antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS assays) and antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The extract exhibited a high TPC value (49.80 ± 2.41 mg GAE/g DW) and significant antioxidant activity in both the DPPH (TEAC: 1117.41 ± 7.28 μmol TE/g) and ABTS (AEAC: 918.33 ± 3.14 μmol AE/g) assays. Pearson correlation revealed a perfect and statistically significant relationship between TPC and ABTS (r = 1.000, p < 0.01), and a strong but non-significant correlation with DPPH (r = 0.900, p = 0.288). Antibacterial activity showed moderate to strong inhibition zones at 80 mg/mL, with diameters of 13.60 ± 1.46 mm for S. dysenteriae and 14.41 ± 1.35 mm for S. epidermidis. These findings support the potential of Z. mauritiana peel as a natural source of antioxidants and antibacterial agents and highlight its relevance to the development of therapeutic formulations based on local biodiversity.
Co-Authors Aan Wasan Abhiyaksa , Mahindra Achmad, Sjafruddin Ader Damar Indrawan Adi Mulyadi Afrilia Dina Rizkiyani Agus Andrianto Ahmad Bay Dzukri Ahmad Imron Rozuli Ahmad Nasi'in Ahmad Nofiyadi Akhfina Husda, Rizky Al Muizzuddin Fazaalloh, Al Muizzuddin Alfaqih, Mohamad Alfareza, Muhammad Rifat Noer Alisyah Pitri Amelia, Nalendra Rizka Amirudin Angelina Putri Angga Saputra Annis Sholikha Putri Apriliyanto, Sandi Ari Kurniawan ARI SETIAWAN Arif Nur Rahmadhon Arwangi , Mohammad Salman Aji Atu Bagus Wiguna Ayu Khairiyah Azainil Azainil Candra Fajri Ananda Cendani, Ringga Devi Narmiyanti Diana Vivanti Sigit Dimas Eriyanto Dina Ayu Rachma Ilmiana Enrico Rizqullah Erlan, Erlan Herdiatna Fahrudin, Amanda Anisyah Fatoni, Adi Febra Anjar Kusuma, Febra Anjar Fedra Martina Firnanda, Angga Fitra Endi Fermanda Galuh Kirana Giry Marhento Halimatusya'diyah Hapzi Ali Hari Muharam HARIYANTO HARIYANTO Harsuko Riniwati Hasbi Sjamsir Herbiyansa Putra Pratama Hermeindito Hibana Hidayatulloh , Tubagus Icha Nur Adinda Ilena Amalia Luthfi Ilham Gantar Friansyah Ilmi Zajuli Ichsan Imas Komala Imut Cahyana Destri Iyo King Siang Junaidi Junaidi Kalukar, Ventje Kalukar, Ventje Jany Karmila saputri Karyadi Hidayat Khairy, Rahmat Nur Kois Kuswanto Lathifaniya, Palestin Tara Lilik Maharani, Rachmadina Selvi Dwijannati Mahindra Abhiyaksa Maryunani Maudita, Aura Vedareni Meida, Elina Alfin Micke Theresa Bella Alfira Milzam Brillian Santana Milzam Brillian Santanaa Moch Sasmito Djati Mochammad 'Ainurroziqin Mohamad Zainal Roisul Amin Muhammad Efendi Muharomah, Dewi Robiatun Mulya, Ziddan Baasith Nanang Setio Pambudhi Nilfatri Nur Annisa Nur Qomariyah Nurul Istifadah Oktaviani, Violitta Olivia Yuswita Putri Pamungkas, Aryo Bima Panji , Agil Parizal Peni Jati Setyowati, Peni Jati Pini Susanti Prabawati, Nisa Alifiyah Pradana , Riski Ade purba, kezia Aranthxa Putri Rahmadianty Putri, Irmadanti Ananda Rabbani, Rifqi Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Rian Nanda Ridwan Rifai Riska Novitasari, Riska Rizhal Hendi Ristanto Rizka Antoni Rofiqi, Irfan Rosdiana Dewi, Eva Roswandi, Muhammad Syawaludin Thariq Rukma Kalista, Widiani Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan Salsabila Shafiyah Sihombing, Laurentius Vennock Parlindungan Soekotjo, Nazwa Putri Sukamdi Sungkowo, Heri Syabril Ulum, Akhdiyat Syarif Hidayat Taqdiraa Teki Prasetyo Sulaksono Tri Dewi Ramadhani Ventje Jany Kalukar Wahyu Ramadhan Widyawati, Romya Seckar Wimardu, Dessylla Duarthe Wirahendri Yeni Widiyawati Zahrah