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Heritability, Correlation, and Path Analysis on Various Characters of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under Shading and Normal Condition Ritonga, Arya Widura; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Syukur, Muhamad; Maharijaya, Awang; Sobir
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (383.399 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jhi.10.2.85-93

Abstract

Character selection information is essential for plant breeding program. SSH3 tomato genotype (shade-loving genotype), 4974 (shade-sensitive genotype), and F2 population derived from “SSH3 x 4974” were evaluated to estimate the heritability, correlation, direct and indirect effects between yield and various yield atributting characters in tomato under shading and normal condition at Pasir Kuda Station, Bogor Agriculture University, West Java, Indonesia from July until October 2016. The results showed that plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf weight, specific leaf weight, fruit weight, fruit number per plant and fruit weight per plant had high heritability under normal condition, while plant height, fruit set, fruit number of plant and fruit weight per plant had high heritability under shading condition. High direct positive effect on yield per plant was resulted from fruit weight and fruit number of plant under shading and normal condition, while leaf width had direct positive effect on fruit weighr per plant only under shading condition. High indirect positive effect on yield per plant was resulted from fruit set, fruit length and fruit diameter under shading and normal condition, while plant heigh had high indirect effect on yield per plant only under shading condition. Fruit set, fruit weight, and fruit number per plant characters were potential to be used as character selection for tomato productivity in normal conditions. Plant height, fruit set and fruit number per plant were potential to be used as character selection for tomato productivity under shading condition. Keywords: direct effect, fruit set, indirect effect, low light tolerant
Forage Potential of Plant Species Found in Various Ecosystems in Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia Kanny, Putri Irene; Chozin, M.A.; Santosa, Edi; Guntoro, Dwi; Zaman, Sofyan; Suwarto, Suwarto; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.68-76

Abstract

Forage is an important component in sustainable smallholder livestock. The purpose of the study was to identify the diversity of natural plant species in various ecosystems, as well as their potential as forage. Based on our surveys of palm oil plantation, rubber plantation, and home gardens using the quadrant method, we identified approximately 50 species comprising the natural vegetation of our study area. Out of 50, we identified 39 broad-leaved species, 9 grasses (Poaceae) species, and 2 sedges (Cyperaceae) species. The palm oil plantation had 29 species dominated by Ottochloa nodosa (11.92%) and Asystasia gangetica (11.40%); 25 species were found in the rubber plantation dominated by Cynodon dactylon (28.42%) and Panicum repens (9.20%), and home gardens contained 30 species dominated by Eleusine indica (13.39%) and Ageratum conyzoides (9.60%). Among the 29 species found in the palm oil plantation, 13 were observed to have low palatability scores, and 16 species have high palatability scores. Based on their high palatability scores, the following species can be utilized as forage for Balinese cattle: Cyrtococcum acrescens, Eleusine indica, Centrosema pubescens, Paspalum conjugatum, and Sida rhombifolia.
Sulfonylurea Herbicide-Resistant Study on Broadleaf Weeds in The Lowland Rice Production Center in West Java, Indonesia Evar, Fitrawaty Orista; Guntoro, Dwi; Chozin, M. A.; Irianto, M. Yuli
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 02 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.02.137-144

Abstract

Most rice growers in Indonesia use herbicides for weed control. However, intensive use of herbicides can lead to the weeds to become resistant to the chemicals. The objective of this study was to determine the resistance status of weeds Ludwigia octovalvis, Sphenoclea zeylanica, Monochoria vaginalis in lowland rice in West Java, Indonesia. The study was started by planting three species of weeds, L. octovalvis, S. zeylanica, M. vaginalis, which were then treated with metsulfuron-methyl and penoxsulam herbicides. The study was conducted from January to May 2020 at Cikabayan Experimental Greenhouse, IPB University. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The first factor was the origin of weeds, exposed weeds (Karawang and Subang), and not exposed to herbicides (Bogor); the second factor was the rates of the herbicide, i.e., 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 g. ha-1 for metsulfuron- methyl, and 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200 ml.ha-1 for penoxsulam. The results showed that based on the resistance ratio, S. zeylanica and M. vaginalis from Karawang and Subang, and L. octovalvis from Subang, indicated a low resistance to metsulfuron-methyl, L. octovalvis from Karawang was still sensitive to metsulfuron-methyl. L. octovalvis, S. zeylanica, and M. vaginalis from Karawang and Subang were still sensitive to penoxsulam herbicides. This information would be useful to develop a strategy of weed management for important food crops.
Biomulch Treatment Effects on Weed Control and Soil Properties in Cassava Plantation Suwitono, Bayu; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Guntoro, Dwi; Suwarto, Suwarto
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 10 No. 02 (2023): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.111-123

Abstract

Legume Cover Crop (LCC) are plants grown as live mulch so that it is beneficial to the agro-ecosystem and can be included in cropping systems to regulate soil fertility and suppress weed growth. This study aims to determine the benefits of using Arachis pintoi as biomulch applied at different times on weed composition and soil fertility. The experiment was carried out at the Teaching farm of IPB, Jonggol, West Java, Indonesia; the soil type is Ultisol. This study used two factors and was designed in a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was four accessions of cassava “Ketan Malang”, “Genjah Bayam”, “IR Jonggol”, and “Manggu”; the second factor is the time of the biomulch planting: 4, 8, and 12 weeks before planting the cassava, at cassava planting, and without biomulch + manual weeding as the control. Weed vegetation was analyzed before land preparation and before cassava harvest. The physical and chemical properties of the soil were analyzed before and after the biomulch treatment. Our study demonstrated that Melastoma malabathricum, Tetracera indica, Oxalis barrelieri, Mimosa invisa, Ottochloa nodosa, Ipomoea sp and Cyperus sp. are the dominant weeds in the cassava plantation. Biomulch planted four and eight weeks before cassava was able to reduce weed dry weight. All biomulch treatments were able to improve soil density and total pore space. Soil with biomulch planted eight weeks before cassava planting had the highest C-organic (7.59%) and total nitrogen (0.41%).
Respon Agronomi Varietas Padi terhadap Periode Kekeringan pada Sistem Sawah Tubur, Herman Wafom; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Santosa, Edi; Junaedi, Ahmad
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 40 No. 3 (2012): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (307.858 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v40i3.6796

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to identify the growth and production of rice varieties as responses to drought period in low land rice system. Rice plants were grown under plastic house in plots separated by massive walls. Drought periods were treated as main plots, i.e. water was supplied during 3, 6, and 9 weeks after rice transplanting, and control (cultivation without drought treatment). Rice varieties were used as sub plots, consisted of IR64 and Ciherang (low land improved varieties), IPB-3S (new plant type), Menthik Wangi (an aromatic local low land rice), Rokan (a hybrid rice), Way Apo Buru (amphibian type), Jatiluhur and Silugonggo (up land type). Our results showed that drought periods suppressed plant height, tiller number, spikelets length, weight of 1,000 grains, shoot dry weight and harvest index, and increased number of empty spikelets. Interaction between drought periods and rice varieties significantly affected productive tiller number, percentage of plants to flower, and grain weight per hill. Jatiluhur, Ciherang and Way Apo Buru still gave relatively high yields under drought stress indicated that those varieties were relatively tolerant to drought stress; Silugonggo and IPB-3S had medium tolerance to drought stress; IR64, Menthik Wangi and Rokan were the most sensitive varieties. Keywords: drought stress, drought tolerant, improved variety, local variety
Toleransi 20 Genotipe Tanaman Tomat terhadap Naungan Baharuddin, Raisa; Chozin, M A; Syukur, Muhamad
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 42 No. 2 (2014): Jurnal agronomi indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (341.271 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v42i2.8431

Abstract

ABSTRACTLow light intensity is a limiting factor in the intercropping system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production and fruit quality of 20 tomato genotypes under shading condition. This study was conducted at Cikabayan experimental station-University Farm of IPB from January to April 2013. The research was arranged in a nested design with three replicates. The main plot was shading intensity consisted of four levels, i.e., 0, 25, 50, and 75%, while the sub plot was 20 genotypes of tomato. Results of this study showed that the number and weight of fruit per plant under 25% shade were increased for most of the tested genotypes, while under 50% shade showed a high diversity among genotypes. Based on relative production under 50% shade, genotypes can be grouped into four, i.e: sensitive, tolerant, moderate, and shade-ecotype-like genotypes. 50% shade significantly affected total soluble solids and total titrated acid, but did not significantly the firmness of fruit of shade-ecotype-like genotypes.Keywords: intercropping, production, shade, quality
Senyawa Fenol dari Tajuk dan Umbi Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) pada Berbagai Umur Pertumbuhan serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Perkecambahan Gulma Berdaun Lebar Kusuma, Ayu Vandira Candra; Chozin, Muhammad Ahmad; Guntoro, dan Dwi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (353.042 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v45i1.11842

Abstract

Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is noxious weed that contains allelochemicals which inhibit other plants germination, thereby it can be potentially used as bioherbicide. Laboratorium experiments were conducted to identify phenol compound in purple nutsedge’s shoot and tuber from three plant ages, and to study its effect on germination of Asystasia gangetica and Borreria alata. First experiment was single factor using descriptive method and the second experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with single factor. The first experiment treatments were shoot and tuber extracts of purple nutsedge from 1, 2, and 3 months after planting. The second experiment treatments were control, shoot, tuber, and all parts extracts of purple nutsedge from 1, 2, and 3 months after planting, with 3 replications. Data from the second experiment was analyzed using F test and followed by Tukey test 5%. Result showed that shoot extracts from 2 months after planting had the highest type of phenol compound namely 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol; phenol,2,6-dimethoxy; 2-furanmethanol; and α-tocopherol. Tuber extract from 3 months after planting suppressed germination rate of A. gangetica about 54.72%. All parts extracts from 2 months after planting suppressed germination rate of B. alata about 60.98%. Purple nutsedge’s extracts inhibited growth of plumule and radicle of B. alata at 2 days after sowing. This showed that purple nutsedge’s extract gave different effects on different weed species.Keywords: allelochemicals, Asystasia gangetica, bioherbicide, Borreria alata, suppression
Evaluasi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Arachis pintoi sebagai Biomulsa pada Budidaya Tanaman di Lahan Kering Tropis Sumiahadi, Ade; Chozin, M. Achmad; Guntoro, dan Dwi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 44 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (306.641 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v44i1.12509

Abstract

ABSTRACTCover crops is widely used as biomulch because of its advantages for land conservation, weed control and increasing soil nutrients, especially in upland agriculture. The objective of the research was to study the growth and development of Arachis pintoi as biomulch in upland agriculture. The experiment was carried out at IPB Experimental Field from February until May 2014. Observation was done everyweek up to 12 weeks with 10 plants were used for each observation. One stolon of A. pintoi with 4 internodes was planted in each 0.25 m2 plot. The results showed that root initiation of A. pintoi was occured at 3 weeks after planting (wap) and produced 42.4 roots with average root length of 17.10 cm on 12 wap.A. pintoi had nett assimilation rate of 0.0023 g cm-2 per day and relative growth rate of 0.052 g per day. With this growth rate, A. pintoi covered 58% of 0.25 m2 plot and produced biomass 10.08 g per plant within 12 wap. A. pintoi produced flowers on 4 wap and pods on 7 wap. A. pintoi produced root nodules through mutualism symbiosis with local Rhizobium. The equation for rate of coverage is Coverage (%) = 5.273 Time (wap)-16.512; 100% land coverage can be reached on 22 wap. Based on the results of this study, A. pintoi is potential to be used as biomulch; however, a denser spacing must be applied for faster land coverage.Keywords: land coverage, mulch, Rhizobium, stolon
Identifikasi Senyawa Fenol Beberapa Aksesi Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Perkecambahan Biji Borreria alata (Aubl.) DC. Dewi, Sangrani Annisa; Chozin, Muhammad Ahmad; Guntoro, dan Dwi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (330.9 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v45i1.12730

Abstract

Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is one of the important weeds in the world because of its ability to suppress the production of crops and difficult to control. C. rotundus residues can suppress the growth of others weeds. The experiments were conducted to identify the phenolic compound of C. rotundus from six different accessions and to determine the allelopathic effects of C. rotundus extracts on germination of Borreria alata (Aubl.) DC. The identification of phenolic compound was done using extract from all part of mature C. rotundus taken from different accessions and was analyzed using GC-MS. Analysis of C. rotundus extracts on germination of B. alata was designed using completely randomized design with three replications. The treatments were extract of C. rotundus from different accessions (from Cikarawang-Darmaga, Babakan-Darmaga, Ciawi, Megamendung, Cisarua, and Cianjur) with different concentration, 0.75 kg L-1 and 1.5 kg   L-1. The result showed that C. rotundus from six accession had phenolic compond with different amounts. Cianjur accesion contained the most phenol content such as 2-furanmethanol; 1,4-benzenediol; 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol; phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy; syringic acid; and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid. Germination test showed that C. rotundus extracts from different accessions and concentration had the same inhibitory effect on germination of B. alata.Keywords: Allelopathy, bioherbicide, purple nutsedge, weed management
Potensi Gangguan Gulma pada Tiga Sistem Budidaya Padi Sawah Zarwazi, Lalu Muhamad; Chozin, Muhammad Achmad; Guntoro, dan Dwi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (311.518 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v44i2.13481

Abstract

ABSTRACTWeeds has become a big problem in system of rice intensification (SRI), integrated crop management (ICM) and conventional cultivation systems. The objective of the research was to study the dominancy and potential of harmful effect of weed in these three cultivation systems. The research was conducted at Sukamandi research station of Indonesian Center for Rice Research, Subang, from November 2013 to April 2014 during rainy season. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with four replications. The cultivation systems was main plot consisted of system of rice intensification (SRI), integrated crop management (ICM) and conventional system. The weeding techniques as subplot consisted of no weeding, manual weeding, mechanical weeding and chemical weeding. The result showed that based on dry mass of weeds the highest risk of weed was exhibited at SRI with total dry mass of weed 51.53 g m-2 (0.5 ton ha-1) and the lowest was at conventional system with 32.45 g m-2 (0.3 ton ha-1). Proper weed control increased rice production by 28.9% for SRI, by 29.4% for ICM and by 14.6% for conventional cultivation systems. Keywords: dominant, weeding technique, SRI, ICM, conventional system
Co-Authors ,, Yuniarti . Sugiyanta, . A Ali Abdul Harris Burhan Abdullah Abdullah Ade Sumiahadi, Ade AHMAD JUNAEDI Ahmad Junaidi Aidi Noor Aji Hermawan Aldi M Alfima Rahasti Alhidayah, Destya Anas Miftah Fauzi Andhini, Martika Ani Kurniawati Anita Ristianingrum Ansyarif Khalid Artha Regina Tambunan Asdi Asdi Asep Nursangaji Asih Sukowati Astuti DA Astuti DA Awang Maharijaya Axel Anderson Bambang Pramudya Bambang S. Purwoko Bustami Syam Chairannisa, Dyana D.A. Astuti Darmawansyah Darmawansyah DARUSMAN, L.K. Darwis AN Darwis AN Desta Wirnas dewi novita Dewi, Sangrani Annisa Dhika Prita Hapsari Diah karyawati Dina Harsono Dwi Guntoro Dwiwanti Sulistyowati E. Namaken Sembiring Edi Santosa Edy Yusmin Eka Intan Kumala Putri Eka Wardiana EVA OKTAVIDIATI, EVA Evar, Fitrawaty Orista Faradesi Ardialisa Fibra Nurainy Gerson Hans Maure GHULAMAHDI, M. h sanusi H. Soedarmadi HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hartami Dewi Hemawati Hemawati Hendrik Hendrik Herman Wafom Tubur Hesty Juniar Rukmin Hiroshi Ehara Hongarta, Reynaldo Ida H. Somantri Indriani Santoso Iqbal . Irianto, M. Yuli Irwan Abdullah Iskandar Lubis ISMAIL SALEH Iswari S. Dewi Jalali Iqram Kanny, Putri Irene Karti PDMH Karti PDMH Khairil Anwar Krishna Surya Buana Kusuma, Ayu Vandira Candra KWANG HO KIM Laila Nur Atika Luki Abdullah M Zardan Araby M. Ghulamahdi Machfud Machfud Maisura Maisura Maria Erna Marmawi R . Maya Melati Mochammad Afifuddin Moeljarno Djojomartono Muftil Badri Muhamad Kurniadi Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Syaifuk Ar Rosyid Munawir, Fathurrahman Aziz Munif Ghulamahdi Murtilaksono, dan Kukuh P.M.D.H Karti, P.M.D.H Pangerang, Utama K. Patandean, Brayen Perwita, Atikah Dyah Purwono Purwono Putri Sakura Raisa Baharuddin RANI FARIDA Ratih Marina Kurniaty Rinaldo, Ruswandi Ritonga, Arya W Ritonga, Arya Widura Rosyid, Muhammad Syaiful Ar Sahara, Olyvia Fashatus Sahrullah Sahrullah Selvie D. Anis Sigit Prabawa Sobir Sobir Soedarmadi Hardjosoewignyo Soekisman Tjitrosemito Sofiyah, Maratus Sofyan Zaman Sri Mulatsih Sudradjat Sudradjat Sugiyanta Suryana Sutikno Sutikno Suwarto Suwarto Suwitono, Bayu Tanto Pratondo Utomo Tineke Mandang Ulinnuha, Zulfa urai salam Vivid Violin Wenny Rahmawati WIJAYANTO, N. Yasidi, Farid Yudi Febrianto Yudi Febrianto Yuline . Yundari, Yundari Zarwazi, Lalu Muhamad