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Heritability, Correlation, and Path Analysis on Various Characters of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under Shading and Normal Condition Ritonga, Arya Widura; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Syukur, Muhamad; Maharijaya, Awang; Sobir
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (383.399 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jhi.10.2.85-93

Abstract

Character selection information is essential for plant breeding program. SSH3 tomato genotype (shade-loving genotype), 4974 (shade-sensitive genotype), and F2 population derived from “SSH3 x 4974” were evaluated to estimate the heritability, correlation, direct and indirect effects between yield and various yield atributting characters in tomato under shading and normal condition at Pasir Kuda Station, Bogor Agriculture University, West Java, Indonesia from July until October 2016. The results showed that plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf weight, specific leaf weight, fruit weight, fruit number per plant and fruit weight per plant had high heritability under normal condition, while plant height, fruit set, fruit number of plant and fruit weight per plant had high heritability under shading condition. High direct positive effect on yield per plant was resulted from fruit weight and fruit number of plant under shading and normal condition, while leaf width had direct positive effect on fruit weighr per plant only under shading condition. High indirect positive effect on yield per plant was resulted from fruit set, fruit length and fruit diameter under shading and normal condition, while plant heigh had high indirect effect on yield per plant only under shading condition. Fruit set, fruit weight, and fruit number per plant characters were potential to be used as character selection for tomato productivity in normal conditions. Plant height, fruit set and fruit number per plant were potential to be used as character selection for tomato productivity under shading condition. Keywords: direct effect, fruit set, indirect effect, low light tolerant
Forage Potential of Plant Species Found in Various Ecosystems in Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia Kanny, Putri Irene; Chozin, M.A.; Santosa, Edi; Guntoro, Dwi; Zaman, Sofyan; Suwarto, Suwarto; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.68-76

Abstract

Forage is an important component in sustainable smallholder livestock. The purpose of the study was to identify the diversity of natural plant species in various ecosystems, as well as their potential as forage. Based on our surveys of palm oil plantation, rubber plantation, and home gardens using the quadrant method, we identified approximately 50 species comprising the natural vegetation of our study area. Out of 50, we identified 39 broad-leaved species, 9 grasses (Poaceae) species, and 2 sedges (Cyperaceae) species. The palm oil plantation had 29 species dominated by Ottochloa nodosa (11.92%) and Asystasia gangetica (11.40%); 25 species were found in the rubber plantation dominated by Cynodon dactylon (28.42%) and Panicum repens (9.20%), and home gardens contained 30 species dominated by Eleusine indica (13.39%) and Ageratum conyzoides (9.60%). Among the 29 species found in the palm oil plantation, 13 were observed to have low palatability scores, and 16 species have high palatability scores. Based on their high palatability scores, the following species can be utilized as forage for Balinese cattle: Cyrtococcum acrescens, Eleusine indica, Centrosema pubescens, Paspalum conjugatum, and Sida rhombifolia.
Sulfonylurea Herbicide-Resistant Study on Broadleaf Weeds in The Lowland Rice Production Center in West Java, Indonesia Evar, Fitrawaty Orista; Guntoro, Dwi; Chozin, M. A.; Irianto, M. Yuli
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 02 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.02.137-144

Abstract

Most rice growers in Indonesia use herbicides for weed control. However, intensive use of herbicides can lead to the weeds to become resistant to the chemicals. The objective of this study was to determine the resistance status of weeds Ludwigia octovalvis, Sphenoclea zeylanica, Monochoria vaginalis in lowland rice in West Java, Indonesia. The study was started by planting three species of weeds, L. octovalvis, S. zeylanica, M. vaginalis, which were then treated with metsulfuron-methyl and penoxsulam herbicides. The study was conducted from January to May 2020 at Cikabayan Experimental Greenhouse, IPB University. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The first factor was the origin of weeds, exposed weeds (Karawang and Subang), and not exposed to herbicides (Bogor); the second factor was the rates of the herbicide, i.e., 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 g. ha-1 for metsulfuron- methyl, and 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200 ml.ha-1 for penoxsulam. The results showed that based on the resistance ratio, S. zeylanica and M. vaginalis from Karawang and Subang, and L. octovalvis from Subang, indicated a low resistance to metsulfuron-methyl, L. octovalvis from Karawang was still sensitive to metsulfuron-methyl. L. octovalvis, S. zeylanica, and M. vaginalis from Karawang and Subang were still sensitive to penoxsulam herbicides. This information would be useful to develop a strategy of weed management for important food crops.
Biomulch Treatment Effects on Weed Control and Soil Properties in Cassava Plantation Suwitono, Bayu; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Guntoro, Dwi; Suwarto, Suwarto
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 10 No. 02 (2023): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.111-123

Abstract

Legume Cover Crop (LCC) are plants grown as live mulch so that it is beneficial to the agro-ecosystem and can be included in cropping systems to regulate soil fertility and suppress weed growth. This study aims to determine the benefits of using Arachis pintoi as biomulch applied at different times on weed composition and soil fertility. The experiment was carried out at the Teaching farm of IPB, Jonggol, West Java, Indonesia; the soil type is Ultisol. This study used two factors and was designed in a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was four accessions of cassava “Ketan Malang”, “Genjah Bayam”, “IR Jonggol”, and “Manggu”; the second factor is the time of the biomulch planting: 4, 8, and 12 weeks before planting the cassava, at cassava planting, and without biomulch + manual weeding as the control. Weed vegetation was analyzed before land preparation and before cassava harvest. The physical and chemical properties of the soil were analyzed before and after the biomulch treatment. Our study demonstrated that Melastoma malabathricum, Tetracera indica, Oxalis barrelieri, Mimosa invisa, Ottochloa nodosa, Ipomoea sp and Cyperus sp. are the dominant weeds in the cassava plantation. Biomulch planted four and eight weeks before cassava was able to reduce weed dry weight. All biomulch treatments were able to improve soil density and total pore space. Soil with biomulch planted eight weeks before cassava planting had the highest C-organic (7.59%) and total nitrogen (0.41%).
Kompetisi antara Ekotipe Echinochloa crus-galli pada Beberapa Tingkat Populasi dengan Padi Sawah (Competition of Echinochloa crus-galli Ecotypes at Several Populations Against Lowland Rice) Guntoro, Dwi; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Santosa, Edi; Tjitrosemito, Soekisman; Burhan, Abdul Harris
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 37 No. 3 (2009): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (174.726 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v37i3.1236

Abstract

Echinochloa crus-galli is a major weed in paddy field that reduces rice yield.  The objective of the research was to study the effect of E. crus-galli ecotypes and populations on rice growth and production.  The research was conducted in a green house using split plot design with three replications.  The main plot consisted of three E. crus-galli ecotypes i.e ecotype from Karawang, Cikampek, and Sukabumi. E. crus-galli population as sub plot consisted of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 E. crus-galli per pot.  The results showed that ecotype of E. crus-galli affected plant height, number of tiller, and panicle density. The competitivenes against rice of E. crus-galli ecotype Cikampek was higher than that of ecotype Sukabumi and Karawang. Population E. crus-galli affected rice growth and production.  Population of E. crus-galli 4/pot decreased spikelets weight about 48.0% and filled spikelets weight about 46.2%.  Interaction of ecotype and population of E. crus-galli did not affect rice growth and production.   Key words:  competition, ecotype, E. crus-galli, population, weed.
Pemanfaatan Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Bakteri Azospirillum sp. untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Pemupukan pada Turfgrass Guntoro, Dwi; Chozin, M. A.; Tjahjono, Budi; Mansur, Irdika
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 34 No. 1 (2006): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (81.105 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v34i1.1277

Abstract

Introduction turfgrass varieties require fertilization with high dosage, but it can contaminate environment.  The increasing  efficiency of fertilizer absorbtion was expected to reduce fertilizer requirement.  The experiment was conducted to study the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizae and Azospirillum sp. on nutrient uptake, fertilization efficiency, growth and visual quality of turfgrass.  The experiment consisted of two factors, i.e. the dosages of fertilizer and inoculant types.  The dosages of fertilizer were the relatif dosage from recommended dosage (RD) i.e 100%RD, 75%RD, 50%RD, and 25%RD.  The recommended dosage was 0.5 kg N + 1.5 kg P2O5 + 0.5 kg K2O per 100 m2/month by compound fertilizer (15-15-15).  The treatment of 100%RD without inoculant was used as control.  The inoculant types were no inoculant, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Azospirillum sp., and AMF+Azospirillum sp.  Factorial experiment was arranged in Randomized Block Design with three replications.  The results showed that interaction between inoculant type and dosage of fertilizer affected nutrient uptake, fertilizer efficiency, growth, and visual quality.  AMF inoculation and 25%RD increased shoot N uptake and N fertilizer efficiency, compared with control.  Azospirillum sp. inoculation at 75% RD increased shoot N concentration, but did not affect on shoot N uptake and N fertilizer efficiency compared with control.  Inoculant did not affect shoot P concentration, shoot P uptake, and P fertilizer efficiency.  Azospirillum and AMF+Azospirillum inoculation increased shoot K concentration.  AMF+Azospirillum inoculation and 100%RD increased shoot N concentration and shoot N uptake, compared with control.    Key words : Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Azospirillum, fertilizer efficiency, nutrient uptake, turfgrass.
Evaluasi Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi Gogo Haploid Ganda Toleran Naungan dalam Sistem Tumpang sari Sasmita, Priatna; Purwoko, Bambang S.; Sujiprihati, S.; Hanarida, I.; Dewi, I. S.; Chozin, M. A.
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 34 No. 2 (2006): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (59.05 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v34i2.1283

Abstract

Three doubled haploid (DH) upland rice lines obtained from anther culture having good agronomic and shade  tolerant traits were planted in an intercropping with maize. Their  monoculture systems were also included.  Those lines were GI-8, IG-19, and IW-56. Jatiluhur was also treated similar as shade tolerant control cultivar. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of eight intercropping systems, four monoculture systems of rice, and two monoculture systems of maize. The result showed that all of tested DH lines were consistently shade tolerant under intercropping condition. The characteristics was represented by  similar growth and grain yield with  Jatiluhur under  intercroping system. The highest grain yield was 2.49 t/ha resulted by GI-8 and IG-19 lines  at the time that Jatiluhur was 2.36 t/ha. The intercropping of DH lines with  maize also showed the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) =1.33-1.58, while Jatiluhur LER = 1.25-1.28, indicating that agronomically they were more advantageous than those in the monoculture system.   Key words :  Doubled haploid,, intercropping system, shade tolerant lines
Penapisan Galur Haploid Ganda Padi Gogo Hasil Kultur Antera untuk Toleransi terhadap Cekaman Aluminium Bakhtiar, ,; Purwoko, Bambang S.; Trikoesoemaningtyas, ,; Chozin, M. A.
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 35 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (56.459 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v35i1.1304

Abstract

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the most important yield-limiting factors for upland rice grown on acid soils. Since many small farmers may have difficulty in soil liming, the genotypes tolerant to soil acidity and aluminum toxicity should be developed. Anther culture can substantially speed up new variety development through recombination of parental characters in early generations and immediately homozygous lines were upon chromosome doubling. The Doubled haploid (DH) rice lines were screened under both nutrient solution containing either 0 or 45 ppm Al and acid soils containing either low or high-Al saturation. The relative root length (RRL) was determined at 14-day-old stage to characterize genotypes for Al-tolerance in nutrient solution. The relative grain weight (RGW) was determined to characterize genotypes for Al-tolerance in soils conditions. The results of this study indicated that Al reduced root elongation. The differential tolerance for Al among genotypes was found to be highly significant for RRL. Of the 120 genotypes tested, 16, 77 and 27 genotypes were found to be Al-tolerance, moderate and sensitive in term of RRL respectively. KRGM4, JTGR13, JTGR17, JTGR18, JTKR1, JTKR5, GRGM4, GRGM6, GRGM9, GRGM14, GRGM25, GRJT11 and SGJT27 lines were consitently Al-tolerance under both nutrient solution and acid soils. The RRL of doubled haploid upland rice lines in nutrient solutions were strongly correlated with RGW in acid soils.   Key words: Rice, doubled haploid, aluminum tolerance, relative root length, relative grain weight
Studi Serapan Hara N, P, K dan Potensi Hasil Lima Varietas Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.) pada Pemupukan Anorganik dan Organik Sugiyanta, ,; Rumawas, Fred; Chozin, M. A.; Mugnisyah, Wahju Qamara; Ghulamahdi, Munif
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 36 No. 3 (2008): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (54.9 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v36i3.1377

Abstract

The objective of the research was to study the nutrition uptake (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium,) and the grain production of five rice varieties representing modern, new plant type and local varieties under application of inorganic, organic and combined inorganic-organic fertilization. Five rice varieties were Way Apoburu and IR-64 (modern varieties), Midun and Sarinah (local varieties from Sukabumi and Garut, respectively), and Fatmawati (new plant type variety).  Five fertilizer treatments were (1) full recommendation dosage of inorganic fertilizer (250 kg urea/ha, 100 kg SP-36/ha, and 100 kg KCl/ha), (2) ¼ recommendation dose of inorganic fertilizer + rice straw, (3) ½ recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + rice straw, (4) rice straw, and (5) green manure from Crotalaria juncea biomass. The results showed that there was no specific response of rice varieties to the fertilization treatments, even though there was specific nutrient uptake pattern and yield of each variety, and there was significant effect of fertilizer treatment to nutrient uptake and rice yield. Nutrient uptake and grain yield indicated that nutrient imobilisation occurred at 1stseason, however the availability of N, P, K nutrients increased at 2nd and 3rdseason on rice straw and green manure treatments. Rice straw application caused lower nutrient uptake and grain yield than full dosage inorganic fertilizer at 1st season but both were not significantly different at 2nd and 3rdseason.  Application of rice straw with  ½ dosage of inorganic fertilizers was not significantly different from full dosage of inorganic fertilizers in nutrient uptake and grain yield. Modern varieties showed higher level of N absorption than that of new  type variety although it was not significantly different with that of local varieties, whereas the P and K uptake of modern varieties was lower than that of local and new plant type varieties. The modern varieties also showed higher level of dry grain per hill than that of local and new plant type varieties. However yield per ha of all varieties tended to be similar.   Key words: uptake, efficiency, mineral nutrition, variety, lowland rice
Uji Potensi Hasil Beberapa Galur Padi Gogo Sulistyono, Eko; Chozin, M. A.; Rezkiyanti, Femila
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 30 No. 1 (2002): Buletin Agronomi
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (316.844 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v30i1.1421

Abstract

Artificial shading experiment was conducted to test upland rice lines yield potential and study agronomic character correlated with high yield. A factorial experiment was arranged in split plot design with three replications. The main plot were three levels of shading: 0%, 25% and 50%. The sub-plot were 18 upland rice lines. Dry grain weight was affected by interaction between shading and lines. High yield was resulted by B8503E-TB-19B-3-4, .S'3605F-PN-201, IGM440, and 2GM440. Agronomic characters correlated with high yield potential at low light intensity were high plant, high leaf area, low tiller number, high shoot and root dry weight, high grain density and low unfilled grain percentage. Key words: Agronomic character, Grain density, Root weight, Low light intensity.
Co-Authors , Handoko ,, Yuniarti . Sugiyanta, . A Ali Abdul Harris Burhan Abdullah Abdullah Ade Sumiahadi, Ade AHMAD JUNAEDI Ahmad Junaidi Aidi Noor Aji Hermawan Aldi M Alfima Rahasti Alhidayah, Destya Anas Miftah Fauzi Andhini, Martika Ani Kurniawati Anita Ristianingrum Ansyarif Khalid Artha Regina Tambunan Asdi Asdi Asep Nursangaji Asih Sukowati Astuti DA Astuti DA Awang Maharijaya Axel Anderson Bambang Pramudya Bambang S. Purwoko Bambang S. Purwoko Budi Tjahjono Bustami Syam Chairannisa, Dyana D.A. Astuti Darmawansyah Darmawansyah DARUSMAN, L.K. Darwis AN Darwis AN Desta Wirnas dewi novita Dewi, Sangrani Annisa Dhika Prita Hapsari Diah karyawati Didy Sopandie Dina Harsono Dini Dwirestina Dwi Guntoro Dwiwanti Sulistyowati E. Namaken Sembiring Edi Santosa Edy Yusmin Eka Intan Kumala Putri Eka Wardiana Eko Sulistyono EVA OKTAVIDIATI, EVA Evar, Fitrawaty Orista Faradesi Ardialisa Femila Rezkiyanti Fibra Nurainy Fred Rumawas Gerson Hans Maure GHULAMAHDI, M. h sanusi H. Soedarmadi HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hardjosoewignyo, Soedarmadi Hartami Dewi Hemawati Hemawati Hendrik Hendrik Herman Wafom Tubur Hesty Juniar Rukmin Hiroshi Ehara Hongarta, Reynaldo I. Hanarida I. S. Dewi Ida H. Somantri Indriani Santoso Iqbal . Irdika Mansur Irianto, M. Yuli Irwan Abdullah Iskandar Lubis ISMAIL SALEH Iswari S. Dewi Jalali Iqram Kanny, Putri Irene Karti PDMH Karti PDMH Khairil Anwar Krishna Surya Buana Kusuma, Ayu Vandira Candra KWANG HO KIM Laila Nur Atika Luki Abdullah M Zardan Araby M. Ghulamahdi Machfud Machfud Maisura Maisura Maria Erna Marmawi R . Maya Melati Mochammad Afifuddin Moeljarno Djojomartono Moh. Amri Arsyid Muftil Badri Muhamad Kurniadi Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Syaifuk Ar Rosyid Munawir, Fathurrahman Aziz Munif Ghulamahdi Murtilaksono, dan Kukuh P.M.D.H Karti, P.M.D.H Pangerang, Utama K. Patandean, Brayen Perwita, Atikah Dyah Priatna Sasmita Purwono Purwono Putri Sakura Raisa Baharuddin RANI FARIDA Ratih Marina Kurniaty Rinaldo, Ruswandi Ritonga, Arya W Ritonga, Arya Widura Rosyid, Muhammad Syaiful Ar S. Sujiprihati Sahara, Olyvia Fashatus Sahrullah Sahrullah Selvie D. Anis Selvie Diana Anis Sigit Prabawa Sobir Sobir SOEKISMAN TJITROSEMITO Sofiyah, Maratus Sofyan Zaman Sri Mulatsih Sudirman Yahya Sudradjat , Sudradjat Sudradjat Sugiyanta Supijatno Suryana Sutikno Sutikno Suwarto Suwarto Suwitono, Bayu Syamsiar, Syamsiar Tanto Pratondo Utomo Tineke Mandang Trikoesoemaningtyas Ulinnuha, Zulfa urai salam Vivid Violin Wahju Qamara Mugnisyah Wenny Rahmawati WIJAYANTO, N. Yasidi, Farid Yudi Febrianto Yudi Febrianto Yuline . Yundari, Yundari Zarwazi, Lalu Muhamad