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Identifikasi Spesies Tanaman Penutup Tanah pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Menghasilkan Suryana; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Guntoro, Dwi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 47 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (364.13 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v47i3.26980

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the types of plants suitable for cover crops on mature oil palm. The study was started by conducting microclimate measurements and vegetation analysis in a mature oil palm ecosystem with plant subjects consisting of 5 years and 10 years old plants. The measurements and analysis were carried out in August 2018 to select suitable plant samples. The research was continued by planting 6 selected plants under the shade of 0, 25, 50, and 75% using nested design to determine the responses of plant samples to various levels of shading from September 2018 to April 2019 at the Cikaawang IPB Experimental Field. The results of microclimate analysis in 5-year-old mature oil palm in Jonggol shows the light intensity of 1094.7 lux with a temperature of 28.5 oC and humidity of 68.76%, while a 10-year-old mature oil palm in Cikabayan had a light intensity of 997.8 lux with a temperature of 32.5 oC and humidity of 87.25%. The species of Asystasia gangentica, Axonopus compressus, Borreria alata, and Ottochloa nodosa were the dominant plant vegetation in two ecosystems. Asystasia gangentica was able to grow and optimally cover the area at all shading levels, while Axonopus compressus, Borreria alata, and Ottochloa nodosa can only grow and cover the area optimally at 0% and 25% and 50% shade, respectively. Keywords: micro climate, response of plant species, vegetation analysis
Perbedaan Respon Pertumbuhan, Fisiologi dan Produksi 20 Genotipe Cabai Rawit terhadap Berbagai Tingkat Naungan Siahaan, Gretty Febriola; Muhamad Achmad Chozin; Muhamad Syukur; Arya Widura Ritonga
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 50 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (410.825 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v50i1.38832

Abstract

Salah satu faktor pembatas utama yang mempengaruhi produksi cabai rawit adalah cekaman cahaya rendah. Varietas unggul cabai toleran terhadap cahaya rendah sampai saat ini belum banyak dilaporkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan respon pertumbuhan, fisiologi, dan produksi 20 genotipe tanaman cabai rawit terhadap intensitas cahaya rendah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Oktober 2020 - April 2021 di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan IPB. Penelitian ini disusun dalam rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak. Faktor naungan terdiri atas 4 taraf, yaitu 0, 25, 50, dan 75%. Respon genotipe cabai rawit terhadap naungan 50% menunjukkan keragaman yang lebih besar daripada tingkat naungan lainnya. Berdasarkan pengelompokan genotipe, spesies C. frutescens memiliki genotipe senang naungan lebih banyak dibanding dengan spesies C. annuum. Pemberian naungan 50% meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan luas daun pada semua kelompok genotipe. Kelompok genotipe senang naungan memberikan peningkatan tertinggi pada karakter morfologi. Jumlah buah per tanaman, bobot per buah dan total bobot buah per tanaman secara nyata turun pada kelompok genotipe peka dan moderat naungan. Ketiga peubah tersebut lebih tinggi secara signifikan pada kondisi naungan daripada tanpa naungan pada kelompok genotipe senang naungan. Kata kunci: agroforestri, cahaya, fotosintesis, pigmen
Pergeseran Dominasi Gulma Kebun Kelapa Sawit IPB Jonggol, dan Kemungkinan Resistensi terhadap Herbisida Glifosat Bilkis, Faras Gaitsa; Muhamad Achmad Chozin; Dwi Guntoro
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 50 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (514.588 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v50i1.39921

Abstract

Telah dilakukan analisis vegetasi secara berkala di kebun kelapa sawit IPB Jonggol pada tanaman menghasilkan umur 1 tahun (2016), tanaman menghasilkan umur 3 tahun (2018), dan tanaman menghasilkan umur 5 tahun (2020). Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan. Percobaan I untuk mengetahui pergeseran gulma dominan dan percobaan II untuk mengetahui kemungkinan terjadinya resistensi gulma terhadap herbisida glifosat. Percobaan I adalah analisis vegetasi menggunakan metode kuadran 1 m x 1 m pada 5 blok, dan 20 sampel diambil secara acak dari setiap blok sehingga terdapat 100 sampel pengamatan. Percobaan II adalah penanaman biji gulma dari jenis gulma terpilih pada percobaan I, dan sebagai kontrol menggunakan biji gulma dari percobaan I yaitu dari gulma berasal dari lokasi yang tidak pernah mendapatkan herbisida. Asam amino yang diamati berhubungan dengan cara kerja glifosat yaitu fenilalanin, tirosin, L-triptofan. Hasil analisis vegetasi menunjukkan telah terjadi pergeseran gulma dominan. Tahun 2016 didominasi Rolandra fruicosa dan Melastoma malabathricum, tahun 2018 di domimasi Ottochloa nodosa, tahun 2020 O. nodosa dan Cyrtoccum patens. Asystasia gangetica terus meningkat populasinya. Nisbah resistensi, gulma uji O. nodosa dan C. patens termasuk resistensi rendah. Kandungan fenilalanin, tirosin dan L-triptofan gulma uji O. nodosa lebih tinggi dari gulma susceptible O. nodosa. Kata kunci: analisis vegetasi, asam amino, gulma dominan, nisbah resistensi
Pengaruh Naungan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Beberapa Genotipe Cabai Rawit (Capsicum annuum L.) Alhidayah, Destya; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Ritonga, Arya Widura
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/agrob.v12i1.53527

Abstract

Percobaan ini dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh naungan, genotipe dan interaksi antara genotipe dengan naungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi beberapa genotipe cabai rawit, selain itu untuk mengkonfirmasi kembali tingkat toleransi naungan dari beberapa genotipe cabai rawit. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat pada bulan November 2021 sampai bulan Maret 2022. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) pola tersarang, dengan petak utama naungan dan anak petak berupa 3 genotipe cabai rawit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa naungan paranet 55% menyebabkan peningkatan tinggi tanaman, tinggi dikotomus, lebar tajuk, lebar daun dan panjang daun. Naungan paranet 55% juga menyebabkan penurunan bobot buah per tanaman, produktivitas, fruitset, jumlah bunga dan jumlah buah pada tanaman cabai rawit yang diamati. Genotipe G4 (F8.145291-14-9-3-12-1) dan G7 (Genie) memiliki bobot buah per tanaman, produktivitas, umur berbunga, fruitset, tinggi tanaman, tinggi dikotomus dan ukuran daun yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan genotipe G3 (F10.160291-3-12-5-51-1-1- 2-2-1). Interaksi antara genotipe dan tingkat naungan terdapat pada karakter panjang buah, diameter buah dan panjang daun. Genotipe cabai rawit G4 dan G7 termasuk genotipe cabai rawit yang moderat toleran naungan, sedangkan genotipe cabai rawit G3 termasuk genotipe cabai yang peka naungan berdasarkan produksi relatifnya. Genotipe G4 dan G7 memiliki konsistensi yang sama dengan penelitian sebelumnya, dimana genotipe G4 memiliki tingkat toleransi yang lebih tinggi terhadap naungan dibandingkan dengan genotipe G3 dan G7 tetap menjadi genotipe yang moderat toleran naungan. Kata kunci: Intensitas cahaya rendah, fruitset, produktivitas
Aksi Gen Epistasis Duplikat pada Karakter Terkait Toleransi Naungan di Tanaman Tomat Ritonga, Arya W; Syukur, Muhamad; Chozin, Muhammad Achmad; Maharijaya, Awang; Sobir, Sobir
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/agrob.v12i2.56491

Abstract

Informasi tentang karakter seleksi dan pewarisan sifatnya sangat penting bagi program pemuliaan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh karakter seleksi dan informasi pewarisan sifatnya terhadap cekaman naungan pada tanaman tomat. Populasi persilangan Biparental SSH3 x 4979 (tetua, F1, backcross dan F2) ditanam pada kondisi tanpa naungan (N0) dan kondisi cekaman naungan paranet 50% (N50) di Kebun Percobaan Pusat Kajian Hortikultura Tropika – Institut Pertanian Bogor, Pasir Kuda, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa karakter kehijauan daun, fruit set, jumlah buah dan bobot buah per tanaman merupakan karakter seleksi toleran naungan pada tanaman tomat. Terdapat aksi gen dominan dan epistasis duplikat pada karakter-karakter tersebut baik pada kondisi normal maupun kondisi cekaman naungan kecuali karakter fruit set pada kondisi tanpa naungan. Dominansi pada karakter-karakter tersebut bersifat over dominan pada kondisi tanpa naungan, namun dominan parsial pada kondisi cekaman naungan. Ragam aditif lebih berperan dibandingkan ragam non aditif pada karakter kehijauan daun, fruit set, jumlah dan bobot buah per tanaman pada kondisi normal namun sebaliknya dimana ragam non aditif lebih berperan dibandingkan ragam aditif pada karakter-karakter tersebut saat kondisi cekaman naungan. Seleksi pada generasi awal seperti generasi F2 dapat efektif dilakukan pada karakter-karakter tersebut pada kondisi tanpa naungan, namun seleksi pada kondisi cekaman naungan terhadap karakter-karakter tersebut lebih baik dilakukan pada generasi lanjut. Kata kunci: agroforestri, berkelanjutan, tumpang sari, varietas unggul
Effect of Shape and Size of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) Tuber Bioherbicide Granules on the Germination of Weed and Crop Seeds Sahara, Olyvia Fashatus; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Hapsari, Dhika Prita
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 01 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.01.187-198

Abstract

The use of synthetic herbicides is an effective way to control weeds, but their widespread use has negative environmental impacts. A bioherbicide made from purple nutsedge tubers can be an alternative for weed control. Purple nutsedge’s tuber contain allelopathy compounds that can inhibit the growth of other plants (weeds). This study aims to evaluate the response of various shapes and sizes of bioherbicide granules made from purple nutsedge’s tuber in suppressing the germination of weed seeds and crop seeds. The experiment used a completely randomized design one factor and eleven treatments: control without herbicide treatment, synthetic herbicide active ingredient oxyfluorfen 240 g/L, purple nutsedge’s tuber powder bioherbicide without carrier, very small round granule bioherbicide, small round granule, medium round granule, large round granule, very small cylindrical granule, small cylindrical granule, medium cylindrical granule, and large cylindrical granule. Each treatment was tested on four species: Bidens pilosa and Cynodon dactylon (weeds), cucumber, and rice (crops). The experimental results showed that the application of purple nutsedge’s tuber-based bioherbicides exerts a noticeable influence on several germination parameters. The smaller the bioherbicide granule, the higher the germination inhibition rate. Very small, round-shaped granule bioherbicides showed greater effectiveness in suppressing seed sprout percentage, reducing growth rate, increasing the percentage of abnormal sprouts, and inhibiting plumula and radicle growth.
Performance Evaluation of a Modified Granulator Based on Operating Parameters for Bioherbicide Granule Production Gatot Pramuhadi; Muhamad Achmad Chozin; Endang Gunawan; Vitho Alveno; Kusuma Darma
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtepl.v15i2.554-561

Abstract

Bioherbicide granules is a new innovation in weed control produced using a granulator machine. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a modified pan granulator prototype intended for bioherbicide granule production. Wheat flour and tapioca flour were used as starch-based substitute materials to assess the mechanical performance of the granulator. Granulation performance was evaluated by varying the pan inclination angle, pan rotational speed, and spraying duration. The experimental treatments consisted of two inclination angles (40° and 45°), two rotational speeds (15 rpm and 35 rpm), and three spraying durations (20 s, 30 s, and 40 s). The results showed that the machine produced granules with an average diameter ranging from 4.01 mm to 6.08 mm and diameter uniformity between 90.80% and 96.23%. Increasing the spraying duration enhanced inter-particle bonding, resulting in larger granule diameters, while increasing the pan rotational speed from 15 rpm to 35 rpm reduced granule size due to stronger material–scraper interactions. The most favorable granulation performance among the tested conditions was obtained at pan inclination angle of 40° and rotational speed of 35 rpm, producing average granule diameters <5 mm that in accordance with SNI 7698:2011. Higher rpm resulted in more stable granule diameter uniformity, indicating improved particle homogeneity.
Determining granule size of Cyperus rotundus tuber-based bioherbicide for weed control in upland rice Rizki Fadilah Rohman; Muhamad Achmad Chozin
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 53 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v53i1.62144

Abstract

The application of granular bioherbicides derived from purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) tubers offers an environmentally friendly alternative for managing weed competition in upland rice cultivation. This study evaluated the efficacy of various granular bioherbicide forms and sizes (67.5 kg ha-1) in suppressing weed growth and their impact on upland rice. A completely randomized design with twelve treatments was employed. Results showed that granular bioherbicides effectively controlled broadleaf weeds for up to four weeks without causing phytotoxicity to upland rice. Very small granular bioherbicides (spherical and cylindrical) were the most effective form to suppress weed growth of Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC., and Mimosa pudica L., and enhance upland rice growth and yield. Keywords: allelopathy; biological control; efficacy; pre-emergence; sustainable agriculture
Kompetisi antara Ekotipe Echinochloa crus-galli pada Beberapa Tingkat Populasi dengan Padi Sawah (Competition of Echinochloa crus-galli Ecotypes at Several Populations Against Lowland Rice) Dwi Guntoro; Muhamad Achmad Chozin; Edi Santosa; Soekisman Tjitrosemito; Abdul Harris Burhan
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 37 No. 3 (2009): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (174.726 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v37i3.1236

Abstract

Echinochloa crus-galli is a major weed in paddy field that reduces rice yield.  The objective of the research was to study the effect of E. crus-galli ecotypes and populations on rice growth and production.  The research was conducted in a green house using split plot design with three replications.  The main plot consisted of three E. crus-galli ecotypes i.e ecotype from Karawang, Cikampek, and Sukabumi. E. crus-galli population as sub plot consisted of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 E. crus-galli per pot.  The results showed that ecotype of E. crus-galli affected plant height, number of tiller, and panicle density. The competitivenes against rice of E. crus-galli ecotype Cikampek was higher than that of ecotype Sukabumi and Karawang. Population E. crus-galli affected rice growth and production.  Population of E. crus-galli 4/pot decreased spikelets weight about 48.0% and filled spikelets weight about 46.2%.  Interaction of ecotype and population of E. crus-galli did not affect rice growth and production.   Key words:  competition, ecotype, E. crus-galli, population, weed.
Kompetisi Tanaman Jagung dan Ubikayu dalam Sistem Tumpang Sari , Suwarto; Sudirman Yahya; , Handoko; Muhammad Ahmad Chozin
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 33 No. 2 (2005): Buletin Agronomi
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (74.935 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v33i2.1514

Abstract

Intercropping system of maize and cassava has been practiced widely by Indonesian farmer on dry land. Competition between the plant will happen in the system. Field experiment to understand about the competition has been conducted.   Field experiment of growing maize (Arjuna, Pioneer 4, and Cargill 9 in various planting densities) and cassava (Adira 1) was conducted for monoculture and intercropped plants.  Intercropped cassava increased intraspesific competition of maize.  Yield of maize variety of Arjuna, Pioner 4, and Cargill 9 decreased by about 9.7%, 6.7%, and 16.9% respectively. Maize also reduced growth and yield of cassava. When intercropped with Arjuna, pioner 4, and Cargill 9 at the highest density (80 000 plants ha-1), yield of cassava tuber decreased by about 40.6%, 43% and 64.3%, respectively. However, the intercropping still gave a better land productivity, where land equivalent ratio (LER) was larger than 1.0.    Key words: intercropping, competition, maize, cassava    
Co-Authors , Handoko ,, Yuniarti . Sugiyanta, . A Ali Abdul Harris Burhan Abdullah Abdullah Ade Sumiahadi Adolf Pieter Lontoh, Adolf Pieter AHMAD JUNAEDI Ahmad Junaidi Ahmad Junaidi Aidi Noor Aji Hermawan Aldi M Alfima Rahasti Alfred A Antoh Alhidayah, Destya Anas Miftah Fauzi Andhini, Martika Ani Kurniawati Ansyarif Khalid Arsa, Agung Jat Wibowo Artha Regina Tambunan Asdi Asdi Asep Nursangaji Asih Sukowati Astuti DA Astuti DA Awang Maharijaya Axel Anderson Azri Kusuma Dewi Bambang Pramudya Bambang S. Purwoko Bilkis, Faras Gaitsa Bustami Syam Chairannisa, Dyana D.A. Astuti Darmawansyah Darmawansyah DARUSMAN, L.K. Darwis AN Darwis AN Desta Wirnas dewi novita Dewi, Sangrani Annisa Dhika Prita Hapsari Diah karyawati Didy Sopandie Dina Harsono Dwi Guntoro Dwiwanti Sulistyowati Dwiwanti Sulistyowati E. Namaken Sembiring Edi Santosa Edy Yusmin Eka Intan Kumala Putri Eka Wardiana Endah Dwi Susanti Endang Gunawan EVA OKTAVIDIATI, EVA Evar, Fitrawaty Orista Fahrul Rozy Pohan Faradesi Ardialisa Fibra Nurainy Gatot Pramuhadi Gerson Hans Maure GHULAMAHDI, M. h sanusi H. Soedarmadi HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hartami Dewi Hemawati Hemawati Hendrik Hendrik Herman Wafom Tubur Hermanu Triwidodo Hesty Juniar Rukmin Hiroshi Ehara Hiroshi Ehara Hiroshi Ehara Hongarta, Reynaldo HS Arifin Ida H. Somantri Indriani Santoso Iqbal . Irianto, M. Yuli Irwan Abdullah Iskandar Lubis ISMAIL SALEH Iswari S. Dewi Jalali Iqram Kanny, Putri Irene Karti PDMH Karti PDMH Khairil Anwar Krishna Surya Buana Kusuma Darma Kusuma, Ayu Vandira Candra KWANG HO KIM Laila Nur Atika Luki Abdullah M Zardan Araby M. Ghulamahdi Machfud Machfud Maisura Maisura Mansur Maria Erna Marmawi R . Maya Melati Mochammad Afifuddin Moeljarno Djojomartono Muftil Badri Muhamad Kurniadi Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Ridwan Muhammad Syaifuk Ar Rosyid Munawir, Fathurrahman Aziz Munif Ghulamahdi Murtilaksono, dan Kukuh Nurhayati Nurhayati P.M.D.H Karti, P.M.D.H Pangerang, Utama K. Patandean, Brayen Perwita, Atikah Dyah Purwono Purwono Putri Sakura Rainiyati Rainiyati Raisa Baharuddin RANI FARIDA Ratih Marina Kurniaty Rinaldo, Ruswandi Ristianingrum, Anita Ritonga, Arya W Ritonga, Arya Widura Rizki Fadilah Rohman Rosyid, Muhammad Syaiful Ar Sahara, Olyvia Fashatus Sahrullah Sahrullah Selvie D. Anis Siahaan, Gretty Febriola Sigit Prabawa Sobir Sobir Soedarmadi Hardjosoewignyo Soekisman Tjitrosemito Sofiyah, Maratus Sri Mulatsih Sudarsono Sudirman Yahya Sudradjat Sudradjat Sugiyanta Supijatno Suryana Sutikno Sutikno Suwarto Suwarto Suwarto Suwitono, Bayu Tanto Pratondo Utomo Tineke Mandang Trikoesoemaningtyas Ulinnuha, Zulfa urai salam Vitho Alveno Vivid Violin Wenny Rahmawati WIJAYANTO, N. Yasidi, Farid Yudi Febrianto Yudi Febrianto Yuline . Yundari, Yundari Zaman, Sofyan Zarwazi, Lalu Muhamad