Articles
Peran Jaringan Advokasi Football Against Racism in Europe (FARE) terhadap Konstruksi Wacana Anti Diskriminasi Ras dalam Industri Sepak Bola Eropa
Riyanti, Anung;
Putranti, Ika Riswanti;
Paramasatya, Satwika
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 2, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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In recent years, transnational advocacy networks as actors in international relations have brought global action in an effort to construct global discourse on the issue of racism. The existence of global civil society in grassroots movements tends to be less seen as active in its involvement in international politics. This thesis aims to examine the role of the transnational advocacy network Football against Racism in Europe (FARE) in the football industry in Europe regarding its involvement in the construction of anti-racism discourse. FARE is a transnational advocacy network that accommodates anti-racism campaigns and social movements in European football to increase the influence of civil society advocacy in international politics. This research will be structured using the norm cycle theory in the constructivism paradigm which is arranged in qualitative explanative research through congruent analysis techniques. Constructivism provides an explanation of how a norm can emerge, spread, and be adopted through the norm cycle theory. FARE's anti racial discrimination discourse in the football industry in Europe will be analyzed based on the norm emerge, norm casade, and norm internalization as new elements from previous research. The hypothesis of this study is that the FARE transnational advocacy network succeeded in raising the idea of anti-racism in the international community, influencing the process of discourse construction within FIFA and UEFA in shaping policies, until these norms are internalized by clubs, countries and national football associations in Europe. The FARE movement shapes the function of global society and individuals who are involved in the FARE campaign as advocates in the form of solidarity support for marginalized voices for anti-racism human values in the football industry in Europe.
Bitcoin vis a vis NEO: Upaya Tiongkok menuju Penyeimbang Kekuatan Ekonomi Amerika Serikat dalam Kacamata Hegemoni dan Soft Balancing
Ika Riswanti Putranti;
Pungki Retnowati
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 15 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies
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DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v15i2.3215.105-129
AbstrakBitcoin merupakan salah satu cryptocurrency yang terkenal sejak 2013 diseluruh dunia dimana konsepnya adalah P2P atau terdesentralisasi antar server user dalam sebuah jaringan. Nilai tukat Bitcoin terus meningkat seiring permintaan dari seluruh dunia, termasuk Tiongkok sebagai salah satu negara dengan transaksi ekonomi terbesar di dunia. Lebih dari 50% transaksi Bitcoin dunia dilakukan melalui cryptomarket asal Tiongkok. Selain itu, Tiongkok juga menjadi negara dengan industri mining pool Bitcoin terbesar di dunia. Hal tersebut menjadikan Tiongkok sebagai negara dengan nilai perputaran Bitcoin terbesar di dunia. Besarnya arus perputaran Bitcoin di Tiongkok tampaknya menjadi ancaman tersendiri bagi Pemerintah Tiongkok sehingga pada September 2017, Pemerintah Tiongkok mengeluarkan kebijakan pelarangan transaksi ICO dan menutup BTCC yang merupakan salah satu cryptomarket Bitcoin terbesar di dunia. ICO dapat diartikan sebagai konsep investasi cryptocurrency dengan tujuan crowd funding. Sebulan setelah mengeluarkan larangan transaksi ICO, Pemerintah Tiongkok justru mengumumkan rencana Pemerintah Tiongkok untuk mengembangkan dunia blockchain (cryptocurrency) sendiri. Penelitian ini menjelaskan alasan kebijakan pemerintah Tiongkok terkait pelarangan ICO dan penutupan BTCC namun justru mengembangkan cryptocurrency sendiri menggunakan konsep hegemoni dan soft balancing dalam pendekatan realisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pemerintah Tiongkok yang melarang ICO dan penutupan BTCC merupakan langkah yang diambil dalam upaya Tiongkok untuk menyeimbangi Amerika Serikat sebagai negara berpengaruh di bidang ekonomi di dunia.Kata kunci: Bitcoin, Tiongkok, ICO, hegemoni, soft balancing
A HIDDEN COST OF INDONESIA SINGLE RISK MANAGEMENT: SCRUTINY VIS A VIS SERVICES
Ika Riswanti Putranti
Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Vol 18, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jdh.2018.18.3.2123
Trade facilitation services faces two major challenges which serves as a scrutiny and service. Erosion of scrutiny functions will pose a threat to national security, for instance food safety, goods forgery, fraud, and other form of transnational crimes. While the erosion of service function will impede the flow of goods which lead to economic injury. This paper will analyze to what extent Indonesia Single Risk Management is able to reduce the hidden cost in scrutiny vis a vis service. This is a normative study and employing statute approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach. The data analysis used descriptive qualitative method. This study finds that harmonization of the determination of risk values and risk indicators in each Ministry/Agency can be used to minimize or manage hidden cost within trade facilitation. Keywords: trade facilitation, risk management, service, scrutiny, hidden cost, customs.
Smartcity : Model Ketahanan Siber Untuk Usaha Kecil Dan Menengah
Ika Riswanti Putranti;
Anita Amaliyah;
Reni Windiani
Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional Vol 26, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada
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DOI: 10.22146/jkn.57322
ABSTRACT This article placed an example of a cyber resilience model for smartcity in the context of smart-economy which was currently vulnerable to various cyber attacks. On the other hand SMEs were very limited in access to the development of networks and resources in building cyber resilience that ensured sustainability and increased the competitiveness of their businesses. Furthermore, this research identified the best practices of other countries, analyzed the readiness of legal instruments in Indonesia, identified the actors involved and analyzed the factors of obstacles in building a model of cyber resilience for SMEs. The result of this study was that security policy was a big theme with strategic principles in the security strategy of both actors and policies. This could help organizations such as MSMEs to identified, assessed and reduced threats in the cyber world.ABSTRAKArtikel ini meletakan contoh model ketahanan siber bagi smartcity dalam konteks smart-economy yang saat ini rentan terhadap berbagai serangan siber. Di sisi lain pelaku UKM sangat terbatas dalam akses pengembangan networking dan sumberdaya dalam membangun ketahanan siber yang menjamin keberlanjutan dan meningkatkan daya saing usahanya.Selanjutnya penelitian ini mengidentifikasi praktik terbaik negara-negara lain, menganalisis kesiapan perangkat hukum di Indonesia, mengidentifikasi aktor yang terlibat dan menganalisis faktor-faktor hambatan dalam membangun suatu model ketahanan siber bagi UKM.Hasil dalam pembahasan kajian ini adalah bahwasanya keamanan siber merupakan sebuah tema besar dengan prinsip-prinsip strategis dalam strategi keamanan baik berupa aktor maupun kebijakan. Hal ini dapat membantu organisasi seperti UMKM untuk mengidentifikasi, menilai, dan mengurangi ancaman dalam dunia siber.
International Seabed Regime in Southeast Asia: The Lack of ASEAN Member States’ Role in Seabed Mining
Arif Satrio Nugroho;
Ika Riswanti Putranti
Indonesian Perspective Vol. 3, No. 1 (Januari-Juni 2018), hlm. 1-85
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/ip.v3i1.20177
International Seabed Authority (ISA) as a part of implementation of UNCLOS Part XI has main objective is to foster healthy economic development especially for developing states and to minimize the negative environmental impacts derived from activities in the area. Although ISA had facilitated states to provide legal procedure to establish seabed explorations, the role of developing states are still lacking. For instance, the role of ASEAN member states are still minimum though some of its states rely on maritime resources such as Indonesia and Philippines. This paper argues that there are two main factors that cause minimum roles of ASEAN states in the development of seabed mining; lack of awareness of government officials, academics and its people in development of law of sea, mainly in seabed mining matters and the excessive cost and high technology requirements to explore and later to exploit seabed materials. To overcome the issue, ASEAN states should increase its stakeholder awareness in law of sea progress and the importance of seabed mining. In addition, ASEAN states could wait the Enterprise as an economic arm of The Authority to come into account to facilitate developing states in seabed exploitation for commercial value. In order to overcome environmental issue regarding seabed mining, ASEAN should maximize its own body of institution which already been built.Keywords: International Seabed Authority, seabed mining, ASEAN
Implementation of Trade Regulations on Fisheries to Prevent Fish Laundry in Indonesia
Ika Riswanti Putranti
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 25 No. 1: JANUARI 2018
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia
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DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol25.iss1.art1
Fish laundry or commonly known as fraud of fish origin or theft of fish in trade is to hide the origin and procedure of how fish is caught through unlawful processes such as IUU fishing or fisheries crime. The objective of this study was to answer two questions about: first, to what extent is the implementation of trade regulation in fisheries in order to prevent fish laundry in Indonesia and second, to analyze the shortcomings of Indonesia’s trade regulation in fisheries to prevent the penetration of fish laundry into domestic market. This was a normative study, using secondary data with statute approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach, which was analyzed using descriptive qualitative approach. This study suggested that: first, fishery regulations are still focused on administrative procedures in disclosing the origin of fish, so that these are still less effective in preventing fish laundry. Second, the shortcoming of trade law is that it still prioritizes service function compared to supervision in fisheries, thus reducing the effectiveness of fish laundry monitoring
AN ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR IMPROVING LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Lilis Sri Sulistiani;
Kismartini Kismartini;
Sri Suwitri;
Ika Riswanti Putranti
JHSS (JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL STUDIES) Vol 5, No 3 (2021): Journal of Humanities and Social Studies
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PAKUAN
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DOI: 10.33751/jhss.v5i3.4040
This paper will look at the success of a local government organization with the determination of organizational resources and the right performance management system in order to improve public services in the local government. This article aimed at finding out whether the performance management system is appropriate if it is implemented in the local government work environment. The research method used a literature study by analyzing previous research and other various reference sources, both from textbooks, national journals, and reputable international journals. As an analytical material, we provided an example of an analysis of the performance management system in Banyumas Regency Government. Based on this, it can be concluded that Banyumas Regency always strives to improve organizational performance and existing resources through the implementation of performance management practices although formally the Head of the Region has not yet established a performance management system that applies in Banyumas Regency
CTPAT dan Global Supply Chain Security
Ika Riswanti Putranti;
Nur Adian Harisanto
Journal of Diplomacy and International Studies Vol. 2 No. 01 (2019): Journal of Diplomacy and International Studies
Publisher : UIR Press
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DOI: 10.25299/jdis.2019.vol2(01).4425
Supply chain security is one of the most integral aspect in global trade. The flow of goods or logistic through land, sea, and air transportation should be granted for its security. But with many Terrorism issue and accident pose a threat to supply chain because terrorism can destroy the flow chain of goods. United States then come as a pioneer in enforcing supply chain security through a program called CTPAT which focused on controlling and exmanining incoming cargo to US by US Custom and Border Protection (incoming import products). But what makes it interesting is, this program can enforce and strengthen global supply chain security. This research was meaning to explain how far is actor’s role in enhancing global supply chain security through CTPAT using complex interdependence where CTPAT is a public private partnership which makes private sector is considered into having role in enhancing global supply chain security. This research argue that actors role in enhancing global supply chains security is determined by benefits that actor’s gain in CTPAT Partnership and also because the emerging of terrorist threat to supply chain security which also included in CTPAT.
Crypto Minning : Indonesia Carbon Tax Challenges and Safeguarding International Commitment on Human Security
Ika Riswanti Putranti
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 3, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)
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DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v3i1.206
The need for financial transactions in the virtual world that continues to grow demands an increase in the speed, quality, and quantity of various innovations and discoveries in the field of financial technology known as cryptocurrency. This discovery encourages various developments of the virtual world economy which is increasingly diverse and growing according to the needs and interests of existing economic actors. Cryptocurrencies are currently only considered as digital assets that can be traded so they are not recognized as a means of payment. However, cryptocurrency trading in Indonesia is a fast-growing field, so its economic value continues to rise rapidly. This encourages the emergence of crypto mining businesses that tend to use large amounts of electricity. The issue of carbon footprint in cryto mining has in several ways been the cause of the prohibition of this activity. In Indonesia, this activity is still not banned, in 2022 a carbon tax will be applied where every kilogram of carbon equivalent emissions that exceed a certain cap will be subjected to Rp-30 (0.21 cent dollar) tax. So the paper tries to analyze the extent to which this carbon tax will affect crypto mining in Indonesia and how the mitigation of crypto mining's carbon footprint can be managed through proper regulation without disturbing the crypto economic sector that is blooming in Indonesia.
Cybernorms: Analysis of International Norms in France's Paris Call for Trust and Security in Cyberspace
Diko Catur Novanto;
Ika Riswanti Putranti;
Andi Akhmad Basith Dir
Journal of Islamic World and Politics Vol 5, No 2 (2021): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
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DOI: 10.18196/jiwp.v5i2.11656
Cybercrime is a crime involving computers and networks that began to develop after the Cold War. International politics also have developed through computer networks or cyberspace, especially in communication and diplomacy. Many actors who have different interests make the cybersphere unstable. Several state and non-state actors themselves have collaborated and conventions in the cyber realm. In 2018, France made a high-level declaration called the Paris Call for Trust and Security in Cyberspace to maintain stability in cyberspace. Through the Paris Call, France tries to establish an international norm in the cyber domain known as Cybernorms. This norm has been supported by several state and non-state actors. This study seeks to see the importance of the Paris Call that has been made by the French government which aims to remind the general norms of cyber that are not popular or see the formation of international norms in the cybersphere. This study uses a qualitative method with the process-tracing data analysis method used to explain change and cause-and-effect. This research argues that cyber norms are very important for state or non-state actors in maintaining the stability of the cyber world.