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Pengembangan Formula dan Karakterisasi Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Tretinoin Menggunakan Compritol dan Tegocare Jafar, Garnadi; Sofian, Ryan; Pratama, Reza; Putriyanti, Al-fira
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Vol 12, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/ijpst.v12i3.53058

Abstract

Tretinoin memiliki sifat fisiko kimianya yaitu memiliki bobot molekul sebesar 300.4 dengan titik lelehnya yaitu 181°C serta memiliki LogP yaitu 6,3 dan nilai Pka sebesar 4,76. NLC adalah generasi pembawa baru yang memiliki potensi besar untuk penghantaran topikal. Sediaan NLC memiliki beberapa keunggulan dibandingkan formulasi topikal tradisional seperti pelepasan obat yang berkepanjangan, mengurangi iritasi kulit, dan kontak yang sangat baik dengan lokasi kulit yang terkena karena jangkauan pengiriman obat dalam skala nano. Penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan formula dan mengkarakterisasi NLC tretinoin dengan formula compritol, myritol dan tegocare. Formulasi NLC tretinoin dilakukan dengan metode homogenisasi panas kemudian disonikasi menggunakan probe sonikator. Formula NLC dikarakterisasi dengan mengukur ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersitas, zeta potensial, efisiensi penjerapan dan morfologi. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa NLC tretinoin memiliki ukuran partikel semua formula memiliki ukuran partikel <350 nm dengan 2 kali pengukuran selama 30 hari, indeks polidispersitas semua formula memiliki nilai <0,5, nilai zeta potensial semua formula memiliki nilai dengan rentang nilai (+->20 mV), %EE semua formula memiliki nilai >80%. NLC tretinoin diuji morfologinya menggunakan TEM dengan hasil berbentuk bulat. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa NLC Tretinoin menunjukkan hasil yang baik.
Review Artikel : Evaluasi Hasil Pembentukan Senyawa Kompleks Inklusi Siklodekstrin Untuk Meningkatkan Kelarutan Di Dalam Air Rismawanti, Rusi; Jafar, Garnadi; Herni Kusriani, R.
JURNAL FARMASI GALENIKA Vol 10 No 3 (2023): Jurnal Farmasi Galenika Vol 10 No 3
Publisher : Universitas Bhakti Kencana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70410/jfg.v10i3.321

Abstract

Cyclodextrin is one of the compounds that can increase the solubility of a compound in water by forming inclusion complexes. Almost 70% of new drug candidates discovered recently are compounds that have poor solubility in water, so many researchers are conducting research using cyclodextrin as one of the developments in improving compounds in new drug discovery. However, the results of this complex formation must still be reviewed by researchers, whether the inclusion complex formed has succeeded in changing a compound into water soluble, and stable during its application. This article review summarizes the explanation of the evaluation of the results of the formation of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes with several water-insoluble compounds by searching scientific journals that have been published nationally and internationally in the last 10 (ten) years from 2013-2023 through the google scholar database, Pubchem, and Science Direct. Evaluation of the results of cyclodextrin inclusion complex formation can be done by several methods both computationally and laboratory testing.
Teknik Menghindari Kerusakan Zat Aktif Akibat Paparan Suhu dan Kelembapan Helen Fitri Novianti; Dini Auliya Azmi; Elisabeth Weya; Siti Jamilah; Muhamad Reza Pahlevi; Garnadi Jafar; Novaliana Devianti Sagita
Corona: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Umum, Psikolog, Keperawatan dan Kebidanan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Maret : Corona: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Umum, Psikolog, Keperawatan dan Kebidanan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/corona.v3i1.1104

Abstract

Deterioration of active ingredients due to exposure to temperature and humidity is a challenge in the development and storage of products containing active ingredients in the pharmaceutical industry. Exposure to high temperatures can accelerate the thermal degradation of active ingredients through mechanisms such as oxidation, decomposition, or Maillard reactions, resulting in decreased efficacy of active ingredients and the generation of undesirable degradation products. Meanwhile, high humidity also plays a role in accelerating the hydrolysis reaction of water-sensitive active ingredients, such as esters or amides, which reduces the chemical stability of the active ingredients. The combination of high temperature and high humidity often results in more complex degradation reactions compared to isolated temperature or humidity conditions, which can accelerate the decline in efficacy of active ingredients. Therefore, this article aims to explore various methods to view the stability of active ingredients under certain conditions, as well as provide recommendations for the development of more efficient formulations and storage strategies to maintain the stability and efficacy of active ingredients throughout the product's shelf life.
Lipid-based nanoparticle delivery system approach for diabetic wounds: A review Choerrunisa, Choerrunisa; Jafar, Garnadi; Sukmawati, Ika Kurnia
Science Midwifery Vol 13 No 5 (2025): Health Sciences and related fields
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/midwifery.v13i5.2148

Abstract

Diabetic wounds are a chronic complication that is difficult to heal due to impaired blood circulation, oxidative stress, and microbial infection. Conventional therapies are often ineffective due to poor drug penetration into damaged skin tissue and limited bioavailability of active compounds. Lipid nanoparticle-based drug delivery technology was developed to overcome these obstacles by increasing stability, skin penetration ability, and controlled drug release. Objective: This article aims to comprehensively review the role of lipid-based nanoparticle delivery systems in improving the effectiveness of diabetic wound healing therapy, including the mechanisms of absorption enhancement, active substance stability, and pharmacological activity. Methods: This study is a systematic literature review of national and international publications over the past ten years (2015–2025). Data sources were obtained from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases using keywords “lipid nanoparticles,” “diabetic wound healing,” and “transdermal drug delivery.” Inclusion criteria included experimental studies and review articles discussing lipid nanoparticle formulations and their therapeutic effects on diabetic wounds. Results: Various studies have shown that lipid-based nanoparticle systems, including nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), can improve the stability and permeation of active ingredients such as curcumin, asiatic acid, and other herbal extracts through the skin. This improvement contributes to better anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities, thereby accelerating the healing process of diabetic wounds. Conclusion: Lipid-based nanoparticle technology offers an innovative approach to diabetic wound therapy by improving the stability, bioavailability, and effectiveness of active ingredients. Further development is needed for formulation optimization and clinical validation to ensure the safety and effectiveness of its use in diabetic patients.
Development of a natural nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)-based delivery system as an antidiabetic and diabetic wound agent: A review Novianti, Tamia Rizqi; Kusriani, R. Herni; Jafar, Garnadi
Science Midwifery Vol 13 No 5 (2025): Health Sciences and related fields
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/midwifery.v13i5.2152

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion. Diabetes often causes serious complications such as diabetic wounds, which are characterized by the appearance of ulcers, infections, or tissue damage in the feet. Conventional therapeutic approaches often show less than optimal effectiveness due to limited drug penetration into damaged skin tissue. The use of natural ingredients with antidiabetic and wound healing activities has been widely studied, but their effectiveness is often hampered by low solubility, stability, and bioavailability. One innovative strategy to overcome these problems is the development of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, one of which is Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC). NLC is a lipid delivery system that combines solid and liquid lipids to increase stability, drug loading capacity, and control the release of active compounds. Purpose: This article aims to review the development of formulations from natural ingredients that have potential as antidiabetic and diabetic wound healing activities. Methods: This study is a literature review of articles published in the last ten years (2015 – 2025) from the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Results: Based on several studies, it shows that various active compounds such as curcumin (Curcuma longa), bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum), and other flavonoid compounds have been formulated in the NLC system with significant improvements in stability, bioavailability, and pharmacological effectiveness. Conclusion: The NLC-based drug delivery system from natural ingredients has proven potential in increasing the effectiveness of antidiabetic therapy and diabetic wound healing. Further research is needed to optimize formulation stability, long-term toxicity testing, and clinical validation to support its therapeutic application.
PENGUJIAN PENGHAMBATAN ENZIM TIROSINASE PADA FORMULASI MASKER PENCERAH WAJAH DARI KOMBINASI KEFIR SUSU SAPI DAN RUMPUT LAUT (Eucheuma cottonii) Fatmawati, Fenti; Jafar, Garnadi; Riantini, Ria
Analit : Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Vol. 5, No. 01 April (2020) Analit : Analytical and Environmental Chemistry
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/aec.v5i1.2020.p42-52

Abstract

Kefir telah dikenal memiliki banyak sekali khasiat diantaranya untuk kulit. Rumput laut juga dikenal memiliki kandungan mineral yang berkhasiat untuk kecantikan kulit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan formulasi masker pencerah wajah dari kombinasi kefir dan rumput laut dan mengetahui nilai penghambatan enzim tirosinasenya. Dari hasil evaluasi sediaan (Uji Homogenitas, Uji pH, Uji viskositas, Uji Iritasi, Uji tipe krim) pada formulasi masker didapatkan bahwa formula 3 (F3) adalah formula yang paling baik. Dilakukan uji penghambatan tirosinase dan didapatkan nilai IC50 sebesar 0,26% yang nilainya lebih rendah dari pada kontrol dimana nilai IC50 dari kontrol yaitu 1,24%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil uji penghambatan tirosinase sampel memiliki aktivitas sebagai inhibitor tirosinase yang baik.http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/aec.v5.i1.2020.p42-52
Review: Penghantaran Nanopartikel Berbasis Lipid Dalam Pemanfaatan Senyawa Bahan Alam Yang Mengandung Antioksidan Untuk Dermatologi Bachrudin, Panji; Jafar, Garnadi; Mulyani, Yani
Journal of Pharmascience Vol 12, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v12i2.20868

Abstract

Stres oksidatif merupakan faktor penting dalam berbagai penyakit kulit seperti Alopecia areata, dermatitis atopik, dermatitis seboroik, dan jerawat. Penurunan kadar antioksidan enzimatik seperti GPX dan SOD serta antioksidan non-enzimatik seperti vitamin A, C, dan E sering terjadi pada kondisi-kondisi ini, sementara penanda stres oksidatif seperti TBARS dan MDA meningkat. Molekul aktif farmasi yang lipofilik sering menghadapi tantangan dalam pemberian dan penyerapan pada pasien dermatologi. Banyak senyawa aktif alami dari tanaman memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang baik. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi peran stres oksidatif dalam penyakit kulit dan mengkaji efektivitas Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN) dan Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) dalam meningkatkan pemberian dan penyerapan molekul aktif farmasi lipofilik dalam pengobatan dermatologi. Metode penelitian mencakup pencarian artikel ilmiah dari sumber nasional dan internasional seperti Pubmed, Google Scholar, dan Science Direct dalam kurun waktu 2004-2024 dengan kata kunci Antioksidan, NLC, Dermatologi, dan Senyawa Alami. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa stres oksidatif berperan signifikan dalam penyakit kulit, menekankan pentingnya strategi antioksidan yang efektif. SLN dan NLC terbukti sebagai solusi efektif untuk meningkatkan pemberian dan penyerapan molekul aktif farmasi lipofilik dalam dermatologi. Kata Kunci: Antioksidan, Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC), Senyawa Alami, Nanoteknologi, Dermatologi Oxidative stressed was a key factor in skin diseases such as alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and acne.  Patients with these conditions often showed decreased levels of enzymatic antioxidants liked GPX and SOD, and non-enzymatic antioxidants liked vitamins A, C, and E, while oxidative stressed markers such as TBARS and MDA increase.  In dermatology, the administration and absorption of highly lipophilic active pharmaceutical molecules were challenging.  Additionally, many natural plant compounds exhibit significant antioxidant activity.  This studied evaluates the role of oxidative stressed in skin diseases and examines the effectiveness of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) in improving the delivery and absorption of lipophilic active pharmaceutical molecules for dermatological treatments.  The researched involved a literature review from sources liked PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct over the last 20 years (2004-2024) used keywords such as antioxidants, NLC, dermatology, and natural compounds. Findings highlight the significant role of oxidative stressed in skin diseases, emphasizing the needed for effective antioxidant strategies. SLN and NLC are identified as promising solutions to enhance the delivery and absorption of lipophilic active pharmaceutical molecules in dermatology.
Lipid-based nanoparticle delivery system approach for diabetic wounds: A review Choerrunisa, Choerrunisa; Jafar, Garnadi; Sukmawati, Ika Kurnia
Science Midwifery Vol 13 No 5 (2025): December: Health Sciences and related fields
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/midwifery.v13i5.2148

Abstract

Diabetic wounds are a chronic complication that is difficult to heal due to impaired blood circulation, oxidative stress, and microbial infection. Conventional therapies are often ineffective due to poor drug penetration into damaged skin tissue and limited bioavailability of active compounds. Lipid nanoparticle-based drug delivery technology was developed to overcome these obstacles by increasing stability, skin penetration ability, and controlled drug release. Objective: This article aims to comprehensively review the role of lipid-based nanoparticle delivery systems in improving the effectiveness of diabetic wound healing therapy, including the mechanisms of absorption enhancement, active substance stability, and pharmacological activity. Methods: This study is a systematic literature review of national and international publications over the past ten years (2015–2025). Data sources were obtained from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases using keywords “lipid nanoparticles,” “diabetic wound healing,” and “transdermal drug delivery.” Inclusion criteria included experimental studies and review articles discussing lipid nanoparticle formulations and their therapeutic effects on diabetic wounds. Results: Various studies have shown that lipid-based nanoparticle systems, including nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), can improve the stability and permeation of active ingredients such as curcumin, asiatic acid, and other herbal extracts through the skin. This improvement contributes to better anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities, thereby accelerating the healing process of diabetic wounds. Conclusion: Lipid-based nanoparticle technology offers an innovative approach to diabetic wound therapy by improving the stability, bioavailability, and effectiveness of active ingredients. Further development is needed for formulation optimization and clinical validation to ensure the safety and effectiveness of its use in diabetic patients.
Development of a natural nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)-based delivery system as an antidiabetic and diabetic wound agent: A review Novianti, Tamia Rizqi; Kusriani, R. Herni; Jafar, Garnadi
Science Midwifery Vol 13 No 5 (2025): December: Health Sciences and related fields
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/midwifery.v13i5.2152

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion. Diabetes often causes serious complications such as diabetic wounds, which are characterized by the appearance of ulcers, infections, or tissue damage in the feet. Conventional therapeutic approaches often show less than optimal effectiveness due to limited drug penetration into damaged skin tissue. The use of natural ingredients with antidiabetic and wound healing activities has been widely studied, but their effectiveness is often hampered by low solubility, stability, and bioavailability. One innovative strategy to overcome these problems is the development of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, one of which is Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC). NLC is a lipid delivery system that combines solid and liquid lipids to increase stability, drug loading capacity, and control the release of active compounds. Purpose: This article aims to review the development of formulations from natural ingredients that have potential as antidiabetic and diabetic wound healing activities. Methods: This study is a literature review of articles published in the last ten years (2015 – 2025) from the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Results: Based on several studies, it shows that various active compounds such as curcumin (Curcuma longa), bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum), and other flavonoid compounds have been formulated in the NLC system with significant improvements in stability, bioavailability, and pharmacological effectiveness. Conclusion: The NLC-based drug delivery system from natural ingredients has proven potential in increasing the effectiveness of antidiabetic therapy and diabetic wound healing. Further research is needed to optimize formulation stability, long-term toxicity testing, and clinical validation to support its therapeutic application.
Preliminary study of blood pressure and arterial stiffness monitoring using the niva device (non-invasive vascular analyzer) Avianningsih, Reformia; Hasimun, Patonah; Jafar, Garnadi; Putriyanti, Al-fira; Zakaria, Hasballah
Science Midwifery Vol 13 No 6 (2026): February: Health Sciences and related fields
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/midwifery.v13i6.2212

Abstract

Introduction: Measuring vascular parameters using the NIVA (Non-Invasive Vascular Analyzer) is an important step in assessing the health of blood vessels in the community, especially in groups at risk of hypertension. Objective: This study aims to describe the results of baseline blood pressure and vascular parameter examinations in respondents before further intervention. Methods: Respondents underwent an initial screening process including informed consent, anamnesis, and baseline blood pressure measurement. Results: The graph shows a balanced gender distribution and a dominance of the 31-40 and 41-50 age groups, which are age groups at high risk of experiencing increased arterial stiffness. The hand and foot blood pressure graphs show variations in systolic and diastolic values ​​​​in the mild to moderate hypertension range, indicating that the hemodynamic condition of the respondents is stable and safe for NIVA examination. NIVA measurements were performed by attaching a cuff to the upper arm and left ankle to obtain parameters such as baPWV, ABI, MAP, PP, and Vascular Age. Blood pressure variations in the baseline graph support accurate reading of vascular parameters, especially because there was no indication of peripheral stenosis based on the comparison of hand and foot blood pressure. The data recording and validation process was performed by comparing the measurement results to the baseline, which was consistent with the initial graph. Conclusion: The examination results indicate that the respondents' initial condition met the requirements for non-invasive vascular evaluation and provided a representative picture of blood vessel health status prior to clinical intervention.
Co-Authors Abdul Mulki Irpani Agung Laksono S, Moch Agus Sulaeman Agus Sulaeman Aligita, Widhya Aliyya Kurniasih Agustiani Amalia Putri, Amalia Anggraeni, Vina Juliana Ani Anggriani Arif Rubianto Ariqa Hidayatun Nisa Avianningsih, Reformia Bachrudin, Panji Buana Irviana Prita Choerrunisa, Choerrunisa Dadih Supriadi Damayanti, Hilda Deden I Dinata Deden Indra Dinata Deden Indra Dinata, Deden Indra Deny Puryani Devianti Sagita, Novaliana Dila Anggraeni Dinayanti, Westi Nur Dini Auliya Azmi Dwi C, Alya Elis Susilawati Elisabeth Weya Elsa Yunita Septiani Elvano, Deki Rifa Embas Saraswati, Dewa Ayu Emma Emawati, Emma ERISKA AGUSTIN Faisha Farras Kartanagara Fatmawati Fenti Fatmawati Karim Fatmawati, Fenti Fenti Fatmawati Fenti Fatmawati Ghea Nadira Shinta Gustana, Erick Kurniawan Halizah, Arin Nur Hanaya, Cicia Rosa Hasimun, Patonah Helen Fitri Novianti Herni Kusriani, R. Iceu Mulyati Iin Siti Aminah, Iin Siti Ira Adiyati Jajang Japar Sodik Karim, Fatmawati Khiong, Tjia Khie Latifah, Zahra Alfa Lia Marliani Mahran A, Ghani Maisyah, Aini Marita Kaniawati Mindiarto, Ahmad Bagus Muhamad Reza Pahlevi Mulyani Yani Muthmainah, Siti Saidah Ningrum, Windi Pratama Novaliana Devianti Sagita Novianti, Tamia Rizqi Nurfadillah, Rizal Nurfaiza, Putri Nurul Rahmalia Olivia Eka Putri Pahlevi, Muhamad Reza Pasha, ED Yunisa Mega Patonah, Patonah Pebriawati, Silpi Pramudiahwardani, Ananda Rota Pratama, Reza Putriyanti Al-fira Putriyanti, Al-fira R. Awaludin Nazal N Rachmat Mauludin Rahmat Santoso Raisya Salsabila Ramadhoni, M Ayodia Ratu Fania Aprilyanti Reza Pahlevi, Muhamad Ria Riantini Riantini, Ria Rismawanti, Rusi Roganda Situmorang Rosyana, Nasywa Rusi Rismawanti Sagita, Novaliana Devianti Saleh Wikarsa, Saleh Salsabilla, Syifa Sasanti Tarini Darijanto, Sasanti Tarini Septianti, Regina Dwi Shelvy E Suherman Siti Jamilah Siti Raeyuni Maulidia Belina Siti Saidah Muthmainah Situmorang, Roganda Sofian, Ryan Soni Muhsinin Sukmawati, ika kurnia Susilawati, Elis Sutiyah, Siti Sutrisno, Entris Syarfa, Ahmad Syerliana Syerliana Tambunan, Irisanna Wahyu Wijayanti Wijaya, Teguh Pradinata Winasih Rachmawati Yani Mulyani Yani Mulyani Yolanda Putri Aloenida Yuyun Yuyun Zakaria, Hasballah Zakiyah, Nadhira Zalfa Dary Pernadi Ziska, Rahma