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Journal : Makara Journal of Science

Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Malapari Seed Oil (Pongamia pinnata L.): Evaluation of Quality Parameters Based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 04-7182-2015 Taebenu, Desi Adriyanti Nina; Arpiwi, Ni Luh; Astarini, Ida Ayu
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This study produced biodiesel from Malapari seed oil (Pongamia pinnata L.) by optimizing the esterification and transesterification processes. The objectives of this study were to determine the sulfuric acid (H2SO4) catalyst concentration in the esterification reaction that can reduc the free fatty acid (FFA) content of the seed oil to ≤2%, analyze the oil to methanol molar ratio (i.e.,1:6, 1:9, and 1:12) and KOH concentration (i.e.,2%, 4%, and 6%) that will produce the highest biodiesel yield, and evaluate the quality of the produced biodiesel according to the Indonesian National Standar (SNI) 04-7182-2015. The research was conducted from October to December 2023 at the Plant Physiology Laboratory and the Physical Chemistry Laboratory, FMIPA, UNUD. The research applied Completely randomized design. Quantitative biodiesel data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance. If significant differences (α < 0.05) were detected, then the quantitative biodiesel data were further analyzed using Duncan's Post Hoc Test. Results showed that an H2SO4 concentration of 7% reduced the FFA content to 1.915%. A molar ratio of 1:12 with a 2% KOH catalyst produced the highest biodiesel yield of 65.35%. The produced met the SNI for the saponification number (i.e., 52.82–133.69 mg-KOH/g), iodine number (i.e.,7.19–22.42 g_I2/100_g), and cetane number (i.e., 86.48–132.68). However, the water content (i.e., 0.721%–2.407%), viscosity (i.e., 1.73–6.18 mm²/s), acid number (i.e., 0.224–4.685 mg_KOH/g), density (i.e., 874–917 kg/m³), FFA content (i.e., 0.116 -% to 2.229%), and methyl ester content (48,13% to–132.12%_mass) partially did not meet the standards. This study highlights the potential of Malapari seed oil as a biodiesel feedstock, with further required needed to meet all quality standards.
Co-Authors A A Ayu Laksmi Damarnegari A.A.S. A. Sukmaningsih Ahmad Zakir Andrianus Sembiring Andrianus Sembiring Angel Chappell Anitasari, Septarini Dian Astria Yusmalinda Austin Ryan Garrido Catarina Tenny Setiastri Cornelia Coraima Lazaren Danie Al Malik Debora Margareth Debora Margareth Dian Catur Prayantini Douglas Scheuring Dwi Nur Rikhma Sari Edelmiro Jose De Deus Elok Faiqoh Ema Hendriyani Enex Yuniarti Ningsih Eniek Kristiyanti ENIEK KRISWIYANTI GUIJUN YAN Gusti Ayu Nyoman Budiwati Hermanto, Bagus I Dewa Gede Warmadewa I Dewa Kadek Wira Sanjaya I G. R. M. TEMAJA I Gede Mahardika I Gusti Ayu Putri Kartika, I Gusti Ayu I Gusti Ayu Sugi Wahyuni I Gusti Bagus Sila Dharma I Gusti Bagus Sila Dharma I Gusti Made Oka Nurjaya I GUSTI NGURAH SANTOSA I Ketut Catur Marbawa I Ketut Ginantra I Made Antara I Made Saka Wijaya I Nyoman Gede Wisesa Adnyana I NYOMAN MERIT I NYOMAN RAI I W BUDIARSA SUYASA I Wayan Arthana I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang I Wayan Krisna Eka Putra I Wayan Krisna Eka Putra I Wayan Suarna I WAYAN WINDIA I.G.M Oka Nurjaya I.M.S. Wijaya Ida Ayu Putri Darmawati Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam Indah Tria Hoky Jennifer Crismonika Jeremy Pramana Josina Irene Brigita Hutubessy JULIAN CREIGHTON MILLER JR Julian Creighton Miller Jr. JULIE ANNE PLUMMER Junita Hardini Kadek Andina Widiastuti Kadek Andina Widiastuti Kriviņš, Anatolijs Luh Astria Yusmalinda Luh Gede Artha Saridewi Wijaya Luh Made Arpiwi LUH Puru ESWARYANTI KUSUMA YUNI M. Danie Al Malik MADE PHARMAWATI Made Ria Defiani Made Wahyu Cerianingsih Maghfirotun Nisa Meitini Proborini Wahyuni Mia Kosmiatin Miller, Jr, J. Creighton Mohammad Subhan Muhammad Danie Al Malik Muhammad Ibadullah Ni Kade Ayu Purnama Adi Ni Kadek Dwipayani Lestari Ni Kadek Raleni Ni Kadek Sari Dewi Handayani NI KADEK YUNITA SARI Ni Ketut Mas Suratniasih Ni LUH ARPIWI Ni Luh Astria Yusmalinda Ni Luh Putu Kayika Febryanti Ni Luh Suriani Ni Made Ary Widiastiti NI MADE DIAN PRATIWI Ni Made Puspawati NI NYOMAN ARI MAYADEWI Ni Nyoman Ely Kristiyanti Ni Nyoman Nila Arieswari Ni Nyoman Nila Arieswari Ni Putu Adriani Astiti Ni Putu Adriani Astiti Ni Putu Anom Sulistiawati, Ni Putu Anom Ni Putu Dian Pertiwi Ni Putu Vivin Nopiantari Ni Putu Yuni Astriani Dewi Ni Wayan Deswiniyanti Putra, I Nyoman Giri Putu Dian Pertiwi Putu Dian Pertiwi Putu Gede Arya Sumertayasa Putu Kayika Febryanti, Ni Luh Putu Wina Andriani Lestari Rindang Dwiyani SANG KETUT SUDIRGA Sean Michael Thompson Sebastian S. Cocioba Septarini Dian Anitasari Septarini Dian Anitasari Septarini Dian Anitasari Shella Ayu Ardiana Suryany Devy Taebenu, Desi Adriyanti Nina Tarigan, Swary Dwi Suherna Tiwi Wati VEMY CLAUDIA Wildan Mujahidul Basyar Yuli Setiawati YUNALDI YUNALDI YUNITA HARDINI Zaenul Gafari