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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Journal on Mathematics Education (JME) Journal of the Indonesian Mathematical Society AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education (JMME) Desimal: Jurnal Matematika JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika) Journal of Educational Management and Instruction (JEMIn) Himpunan: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Journal on Mathematics Education Trigonometri : Jurnal Matematika
Tri Atmojo Kusmayadi
Prodi Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Pascasarjana, FKIP – UNS
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Optimization of Course Timetabling Using Spreadsheet-Based Integer Linear Programming with a Pedagogical Approach Zelimov, Katryn Monica; Utomo, Putranto Hadi; Kusmayadi, Tri Atmojo
Desimal: Jurnal Matematika Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Desimal
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/djm.v9i2.32291

Abstract

University course timetabling is commonly evaluated through operational feasibility, while pedagogical considerations such as cognitive-demand distribution and class timing receive less explicit attention in optimization models. This study developed a spreadsheet-based Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model that integrates conventional hard constraints with pedagogically informed soft constraints to generate a feasible and more educationally responsive timetable. A mathematical modeling and computational simulation design was employed using synthetic data comprising five courses, four lecturers, two classrooms, five daily time slots, and two instructional days. The model incorporated classroom allocation, lecturer assignment and availability, room suitability and capacity, required course duration, and day-room consistency as hard constraints, while cognitive-demand distribution, post-lunch scheduling, and first-slot placement were treated as soft constraints. The formulation was implemented in Microsoft Excel and solved using OpenSolver with the COIN-OR CBC engine. The resulting timetable satisfied all hard constraints, confirming operational feasibility, while the three pedagogical penalty components produced values of 4, 0, and 1, respectively. These results indicate that excessive daily concentration of cognitively demanding courses could be fully avoided, although some temporal-placement penalties remained under the available scheduling conditions. The findings demonstrate that pedagogically informed preferences can be incorporated into an accessible ILP framework without compromising feasibility. This study therefore provides a transparent proof of concept for extending university timetabling beyond conflict avoidance toward multidimensional schedule quality that combines operational requirements with explicit cognitive and temporal considerations. The approach also preserves transparency for institutional inspection and adaptation.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghofur Abdul Razak Adeyanto, Rizki Agus Darmawan Ambar Nurhayati Anggrahini Anggrahini Anugrah, Terri Murizki Ardiantoro, Gigih Arianti Puspita Dewi Ariastutik, Endah Arinta Rara Kirana Asip Cakra Buana, Asip Cakra Atik Fitriya N author Ari Suningsih Azizah, Annisa Nur Budi Usodo Desi Gita Andriani Dewi Kurniasari, Dewi Dian N Safitri Dian Panji Wicaksono Dwi A, Yuridis Madyarsa Dwi Yuni Pramugarini Eli Widoyo Retno Endah Wulantina, Endah Farah Umami Farida Nurhasanah Fatmawati, Ulya Fauzi Mulyatna Ferri Ardianzah Fida Rahmantika Hadi Fina Hanifa Hidayati Fitriana, Laila Frasetyana, Anita Diah Gatut Iswahyudi Habib Ratu Perwira Negara Hafidh Jauhari Hendriyanto, Agus Hermansyah, Beny Hidayah, Irma Rachmah Hidayat, Edisut Taufik Iim Marfuah Ika Wulandari Imam Sujadi Indra Kurniawan Irma Ayuwanti Irnistisia, Firna Juitaning Mustika Juliana Nasution Khoiriah, Silfiatul KOMARUDIN Labiba Zahra, Labiba Linda Sunarya Lingga Nico Pradana Maarten Dolk, Maarten Mardiyana Mardiyana MIFTACHUL ANAS Mishbahul Huda, Mishbahul Muhtarom Nanndo Yannuansa, Nanndo Naraswari, Titania Putri Nataliliana, Claireza Nelly Indriastuti P Nina Nurmasari Nindia Elisie Anggraini Nirawati, Lia Septy Nunung Juwariah, Nunung Nur Anida Laila Nurmalitasari Nurmalitasari Nurul Hidayati Shaliha, Nurul Hidayati Ony Syaiful Rizal, Ony Syaiful Puput Suriyah Putranto Hadi Utomo Putri, Saskia Rizkiana Rahayu Sri W Retno Sari Riyadi Riyadi Rosa Rosdiana Retno H Sani Sahara Sherly Mayfana Panglipur Yekti Sri Indayani, Sri Sri Kuntari Sukowiyono Sukowiyono Sumadi, Iman Putra Supriyatin Supriyatin Susmono Susmono Suyono Suyono Tanti Listiani, Tanti Tri Yuliana Tunjung Genarsih, Tunjung Ummi Rosyidah, Ummi Wahyu Astuti Budi Wahyu Nofiansyah, Wahyu Wahyumiarti Wahyumiarti, Wahyumiarti Widi Lestari Winarno, Bowo Wulancar, Elis Dyah Yekti Putri Kusumaningtyas Zara Mertiana RZ Zelimov, Katryn Monica