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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Buletin Agrohorti Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI) Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Pelita Perkebunan AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science INFO ARTHA BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan ASRO JOURNAL - STTAL JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika) Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Journal of Tropical Crop Science AGROMIX JURTEKSI Jurdimas (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Royal Jurnal Ilmiah Inovasi Agroteknika Jurnal Matematika UNAND Planta Simbiosa : Jurnal Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Jurnal Pusat Inovasi Masyarakat Journal of Business Management Agrimas : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bidang Pertanian
Eko Sulistyono
Bogor Agricultural University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Journal : Jurnal Matematika UNAND

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Optimizing Classroom Allocation using Markov Chain Model for Shifted Lecture Schedules Hayati, Nahrul; Sulistyono, Eko; Utami, Bulan Purnama
Jurnal Matematika UNAND Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Departemen Matematika dan Sains Data FMIPA Universitas Andalas Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jmua.15.1.17-29.2026

Abstract

This study aims to optimize classroom allocation for shift lecture schedules at the Batam Institut of Technology (ITEBA) using a Markov chain model. Classroom utilization data from the Odd and EVen Semesters of the 2024/2025 Academic Year were analyzed by defining four classroom usage states: occupied in the morning shift and vacant in the evening shift (OV), vacant in the morning shift and occupied in the evening shift (VO), occupied in both morning and evening shifts (OO), and vacant in both morning and evening shifts (VV). State transition analysis revealed patterns in classroom allocation dynamics between semesters, while steady-state analysis projected long term utilization. The results show a steady-state probability of 74.04% for the OO state (optimal utilization), but 15.48% of classrooms remain in the VV state (chronic underutilization). Based on these findings, the study recommends a classroom consolidation strategy based on complementary patterns, implementation of a digital reservation system, and optimization of single shift usage. This study concludes that the Markov chain model provides a scientific basis for strategic decision making in educational facility management.
Co-Authors , Nurharyadi - Indriati - Suwarno - Suwarno - Triwidiyati . Suwarno A. Pieter Lontoh Ade Wachjar Adisti Pematasari Putri Hartoyo Ajmilatunnisa Akhmad Arifin Hadi Alhamidi, Alhamidi Amrulloh, Muhammad Sholahuddin Anas D. Susila Anas Dinurrohman Susila Andita Sayekti Anggraeni, Andini Setyo Ani Kurniawati Anung Wahyudi Atuillah, Nuning Auwalia, Farda Azhari, Fiqri Ardi Azizah, Maria Bambang Sapta Purwoko Bandono, Adi Benny Setiawan, Benny Bintoro Djoefrie Bintoro, M. Bintoro, Moch. Chusnul Arif Datik Lestari Deni Suhendar Devie Rienzani Supriadi Dhamayanthi, Wenny Dinata, Gallyndra Fatkhu Dulbari, Dulbari Dwi Guntoro Edi Santosa Faqih Udin Fardidah, dan Didah Nur Fatkhiyatur Rokhmah Femila Rezkiyanti Fendri Ahmad Gatot Irianto Giansar Prastowo Gusrita, Rani Hady Widagdo Halimah Halimah Handayani, Vitri Aprilla Hanif Fatur Rohman Hari Prasetyo Hazimah, Hazimah Herdhata Agusta Herdiyanti, Heni Hernando, Luki Hidayatullah, Reza Aris Hikmah, Zaqiah Mambaul Iskandar Lubis Ismantiri Heningtyas Iswari Saraswati Dewi Jaminton Marpaung Juliana, Abe Eiko Kartika Kirana Sangga Mara, Kartika Kirana Sangga Lena Isnawati M A Chozin M. H. Bintoro M.H. Bintoro Djefrie Mahia, Fatkulil Aswar Majiid, Arsyil Mardisiwi, Ririh Sekar Mentari, Bunga Permata Moch Rosyadi Adnan Muchtar Argasasmita Muhammad Hasjim Bintoro Djoefrie Hasjim Bintoro Djoefrie Munawaroh, Laili Munif Ghulamahdi Nahrul Hayati Nareswari, Aptika Hana Prastiwi Novie Pranata Erdiansyah Nur Said Soheh Nurkolis Nurkolis, Nurkolis Oktanita Jaya Anggraeni Pratiwi, Indah Wahyu Pristiwaningsih, Estin Roso Purwono Putra, Mohammad Edwinsyah Yanuan Rachmat Sumitro Rahmawati, Fitri Ayu Rahmi Fauziah Rahmiati, Sari Ratih Pratiwi Refa Firgiyanto Rina Kurniasari Rohman, Fadil Romadhona Abdillah Sabiku, Dewi Fatmawaty Safira Qisthina Ayuningtyas Samtani, Kariena Sandi Yanuar Siswadi, Edi Sofyan Zaman Sudradjat , Sunarsono, Hery Supijatno Suwardi Suwardi Suwarno - Suwarto Suwarto Suwarto Syafitri Hidayati Syahlan, Zainal Titi Hayati Utami, Bulan Purnama Warsito, Heri Yartiwi, Yartiwi Yonny Koesmaryono Yovitha Yuliejantiningsih, Yovitha Yudi Sastro Yudiwanti Wahyu E. Kusumo Yulianti Ramdiani Zuliati, Septiarini Zuziana Susanti, Zuziana