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Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory effect of Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff extract Study on SOD and COX-2 serum of experimental hemorrhoids Azhar, Abu; Riwanto, Ignatius; Nugroho, Eriawan Agung; Susilaningsih, Neni; Prajoko, Yan Wisnu; Budiono, Parish; Prasetyo, Sigit Adi
Medica Hospitalia : Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): Med Hosp
Publisher : RSUP Dr. Kariadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (274.539 KB) | DOI: 10.36408/mhjcm.v7i2.515

Abstract

Background The 1st, 2nd and small 3rd degree hemorrhoids are non-operatively treated by using anti-inflammatory and plebotonic medicines, high fiber diet and changing lifestyle. Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff (GP) is potential to be a hemorrhoid medicine (anti-inflammatory and plebotonic medicine) since its anti-inflammatory effect may be related to antioxidant property. ObjectiveTo elaborate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effect of GP on experimental hemorrhoid in male Wistar rats. MethodsA Randomized Controlled Trial Post-test only design in hemorrhoid-like rats using croton oil induced into the anus for 30 seconds each day for 3 consecutive days. 14 Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 2 groups. Group 1 got normal saline solution, while group 2 treated with GPE 100mg/Kg bw for 5 consecutive days. On the 9th experimental day, the blood was drawn for Elisa examination of COX-2 and SOD levels. As COX-2 and SOD normally distributed, pool t-test and product moment correlation was used for statistical analysis. Results All of Wistar rats were still alive. COX-2 levels (ng/ml) in the GPE group was 266.28±158.47, was significantly lower compared to control (595.21±68.92) (p=0.000). Serum SOD levels (ng/ml) in the GPE was 77.00±11.0, and was significantly higher than the control 28.00±4.00 (p=0.02). Correlation between COX-2 and SOD serum level was significantly strong negative correlation (p=0,000 and r=-0.842) Conclusions GPE at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on artificial hemorrhoids through decreased COX-2 levels, and elevated SOD levels. There is a strong negative correlation between SOD and COX-2 serum level. KeywordsGraptophyllum pictum, hemorrhoids, Croton oil, COX-2, SOD.
The Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Omentoplasty on HOMA BETA Value and Islets of Langerhans in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Omentoplasty on HOMA BETA Value and Islets of Langerhans in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Cahyono, Chemy Wiryawan; Mughni, Abdul; Susilaningsih, Neni; Nugrahadi, Dimas Erlangga; Mahendra, Vito
Medica Hospitalia : Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9 No. 3 (2022): Med Hosp
Publisher : RSUP Dr. Kariadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36408/mhjcm.v9i3.764

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: WHO predicts an increase in the number of people with diabetes in Indonesia from 8.4 million in 2000 to around 21.3 million in 2030. Another marker for measuring insulin resistance is the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Bariatric surgery is the most effective therapy for patients both in terms of weight loss and improvement in obesity-related diseases such as Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to prove the improvement of HOMA Beta values and Diameter of the islets of Langerhans in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats that underwent Sleeve Gastrectomy and Pancreatic Omentoplasty. METHODS: This study is an experimental post-test control group design study with 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats. Samples are divided into 1 control group and 2 treatment groups (Sleeve gastrectomy and Omentoplasty). Rats’ pancreas and glucose level were measured by using HOMA IR method and Hematoxylin eosin-paraffin block method. Data of islets Langerhans were measured using ANOVA, while HOMA Beta values were measured by Mann Whitney and Kruskall Wallis test. RESULTS: HOMA Beta values in treatment Group P1 (Sleeve gastrectomy) and Group P2 (Sleeve gastrectomy + omentoplasty) are statistically different compared to control group. Islets cells of Langerhans diameter in treatment groups 1 and 2 was not statistically different compared to control group. HOMA Beta Value and Langerhans diameter was correlated moderately. CONCLUSION: Sleeve Gastrectomy and Pancreatic Omentoplasty in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats improved the HOMA Beta values and the diameter of the islets of Langerhans. KEYWORDS: Sleeve Gastrectomy; Omentoplasty; Diabetes mellitus; HOMA Beta; Langerhan's Islet
Pengaruh Ekstrak Kayu Secang terhadap Kadar Superoxide Dismutase dan Malondialdehid Tikus yang Terpapar Gas Formaldehid Nurullita, Ulfa; Susilaningsih, Neni; Suwondo, Ari
Medica Arteriana (Med-Art) Vol 5, No 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26714/medart.5.1.2023.1-11

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Formaldehid merupakan radikal bebas yang bila masuk pada mahluk hidup akan diikat oleh antioksidan. Paparan radikal yang melebihi kapasitas antioksidan akan mendorong terjadinya peroksidasi lipid yang berakhir dengan kerusakan sel, ini dapat diatasi dengan antioksidan eksogen, salah satunya dari kayu secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.). Antioksidan alami lebih aman terhadap sel dibanding yang sintetik. Tujuan penelian adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas kayu secang dalam meningkatkan antioksidan endogen dan menekan peroksidasi lipid.Metode: Penelitian true experimental secara in vivo ini dengan desain Randomized Post Test Only Control Group. Subyek penelitian adalah tikus Sprague dawley jantan, umur 2-3 bulan, berat 200-300 gram, sebanyak 20 ekor. Tikus dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, kelompok 1 sebagai kontrol tidak mendapat perlakuan apapun, kelompok 2 mendapat paparan formaldehid, kelompok 3 mendapat paparan formaldehid dan ekstrak kayu secang (EKS) secara bersamaan, dan kelompok 4 mendapat EKS 14 hari sebelum dipapari formaldehid, terus berlanjut selama paparan paparan formaldehid. Gas formaldehid diberikan secara inhalasi dari formaldehid cair 10%, 8 jam/hari selama 2 minggu. Ekstrak kayu secang 0,2 ml/kg berat badan/hari diberikan secara oral dengan variasi waktu. Variabel yang diukur adalah kadar antioksidan endogen (Superoxide dismutase/SOD) dengan metode Elisa dan tingkat peroksidasi lipid (kadar Malondialdehid/MDA) dengan metode TBARS. Data dianalisis dengan one way anova dan Kruskal wallis dengan kemaknaan 95%.Hasil: Rata-rata kadar SOD terendah pada kelompok 2 (3,5 u/ml), rata-rata tertinggi pada kelompok 1 (9.5 u/ml), rata-rata kadar MDA terendah pada kelompok 1 (1,9 u/ml), tertinggi pada kelompok 2 (7,23 u/ml). Uji perbedaan kadar SOD dengan nilai p=0,000, perbedaan kadar MDA p=0,023, uji hubungan kadar SOD dan MDA p=0,000.Kesimpulan:Pada tikus yang terpapar gas formaldehid, pemberian ekstrak kayu secang sebanyak 0,2 ml/ kg/berat badan/ hari  mampu meningkatkan kadar SOD, namun belum mampu menekan kadar MDA, dan peningkatan SOD berhubungan dengan penurunan kadar MDA.
Predictors for 30-day mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing liver resection Prabowo, Erik; Susilaningsih, Neni; Suharti, Catharina; Purnomo, Hery D.; Riwanto, Ignatius; Fuadi, Ahmad F.; Ar, Ardiyana; Bulandari, Beatrice LA.; Tjandra, Kevin C.; Respati, Danendra RK.; Rampengan, Derren DCH.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1001

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent and fatal liver cancers globally. Liver surgery, particularly resection, offers the potential for cure but poses challenges, especially in Indonesia, where patients often present in advanced stages. This study aimed to determine the intraoperative and perioperative factors associated with 30-day mortality of HCC patients undergoing liver resection at a tertiary referral hospital. The study included HCC patients undergoing liver resection at Karadi General Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia, between January 2018 and September 2023. Demographic data, intraoperative, perioperative, and postoperative factors were collected, with the primary outcome being 30-day mortality. Factors influencing 30-day survival were assessed using a log-rank test and the survival analysis employed Kaplan-Meier curves. Among 58 HCC patients who had liver resection, 62.1% were males, with a mean age was 57.27±9.56 years old. Preoperative comorbidities, notably hepatitis B, affected 34.4% of patients. Child-Pugh Score categorized 91.4% as class A. The study found a 30-day mortality rate of 10.3% with no subsequent increase in incidence. The failure-to-rescue rate (FTR) of this study was found to be 46%. Factors associated with 30-day mortality were Child-Pugh classification (p<0.001), intraoperative bleeding (p=0.001), creatinine levels (p=0.005), Clavien-Dindo classification (p<0.001), and posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) (p<0.001). This study suggests that pre-operative (Child-Pugh classification), intraoperative (blood loss volume) and postoperative factors (Creatinine level, Clavien-Dindo classification, and PHLF) could predict the mortality rate of HCC patients undergoing liver resection.
Clove Flower Extract (Syzygium aromaticum) enhance Wound Healing Time, Bacterial Count, and IL 10 Levels in Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus infected Rats Muttaqien, Rizal Arief,; Lestari, Endang Sri; Prajoko, Yan Wisnu; Susilaningsih, Neni
Diponegoro International Medical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/potensi.%Y.24213

Abstract

To determine the effect of clove flower extract on the healing time of incision wounds, bacterial count and IL-10 levels in rats infected with MRSA.Method. Experimental study with a post-test-only control group design in rats that were given incisions on their backs. Random allocation was carried out to divide the Sprague Dawley rats into 6 groups (@5 rats). Healing time was assessed based on the length of days, the bacterial count was examined from the blood and then counted by culture using nutrient agar. IL-10 levels were examined from the venous blood of rats and then measured using an ELISA kit assessed by a certified microbiologist. Data were analyzed and processed using the One Way Anova - Post Hoc hypothesis test.Results. The bacterial count in the clove flower extract group was lower than the group without antibiotics and there was no difference compared to the group given antibiotics. IL-10 levels in the group given clove flower extract were lower when compared to the group given antibiotics. The wound healing time in the clove flower extract group was faster when compared to the group with or without antibiotics.Conclusion. Clove flower extract enhancewound healing in MRSA-infected rats.
Perception and use of herbal medicine by Indonesian Medical Doctors Simatupang, Abraham; Widyawati, Tri; Susilaningsih, Neni; Tobing, Romauli; Kurniaty, Linggom; Silaban, Hertina; Djojosaputro, Mulyadi; Mahabuana, Bintang
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i1.15768

Abstract

Indonesia has a long experience in traditional medicine such as jamu. The government has been encouraging all sectors, especially pharmaceutical industries together with research institutions and academia to increase herbal medicine research so that herbal medicine is increasingly used in health services, including by medical doctors. Various efforts have been made but empirically it seems that this goal has not been achieved. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct a survey to determine the understanding and use of herbal medicine among doctors. I was a cross-sectional study using an electronic questionnaire distributed to doctors who are members of the Indonesian Medical Association (IMA) per province. Three-hundred sixty-two respondents from 29 out of 38 (76%) provinces of Indonesia responded, and 263 out 362 respondents (72%) are general practitioners. In prescribing herbal medicines only 18.5% prescribed, 35% did not and 46.6% sometimes prescribed, respectively. Of the eleven phytopharmaceuticals/standardised herbal medicines only one medicine No. 5 was widely recognized by respondents (46.6%). This study showed that doctors' understanding of herbal medicine still needs to be improved through various means including webinars/seminars, journals that show good clinical trials so that they are more confident when prescribing herbal medicine to their patients. There is a need for more comprehensive information regarding the indications, efficacy and side effects of herbal medicine, through books or formularies that can be accessed by doctors. In addition, respondents agreed that herbal medicine should be taught in medical schools both in the pre-clinical and clinical phases.
Histopathological changes in pregnant mice's hepar and kidney following exposure to kelor (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract Armalina, Desy; Susilaningsih, Neni; Saraswati, Indah
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.2.145-151

Abstract

Background: Moringa provides extra dietary benefits. The immune system is significantly influenced by the nine necessary amino acids, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, and vitamins A, C, E, and B that are included in this food. Previous studies state that moringa causes liver and kidney damage. Another study found that moringa has an abortive effect.Objectives: This study aimed to determine how exposure to kelor (moringa oleifera) leaf extract affected the hepar and kidney in pregnant mice and found the secondary metabolite of the moringa leaves.Materials and Methods: An experimental laboratory design was conducted in 24 pregnant female Balb/c mice. They were randomized into four groups. Group K was not given anything. Group P1-P3 were given moringa leaf extract during pregnancy at days with a dose dose of 10, 20, and 30 mg in 10, 20, and 18 days, and termination was done to take the organs and make the tissue processing.Results: We found no dead mice and no aggression during the experiment. Significant statistics differed between the experimental group in the microscopic appearance of the kidney and hepar. This study found degeneration and inflammation in the hepar and kidney in the treatment group. Qualitative phytochemical tests on leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and steroids.Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Moringa leaf has shown a mild heparin and kidney effect compared to the control.
Effectiveness of Andrographis paniculata Extract Nanoparticle on The Expression of CD4+ and CD8+ of Rats Listeriosis Iffiyana, Alifatul; Farida, Helmia; Susilaningsih, Neni
El-Hayah:Jurnal Biologi Vol 10, No 2 (2025): EL-HAYAH (VOL 10, NO 2 Maret 2025)
Publisher : Program Study of Biology, Science and Technology Faculty, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/elha.v10i2.32207

Abstract

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes listeriosis known as foodborne disease. L. monocytogenes infection will activate both innate and adaptive immune responses. Androghrapis paniculata has an effect as immunostimulant. Nanocapsulation-chitosan can increase solubility and reduce the particle size making it easier for compounds to enter the cell. This research focuses on the utilization of nanoparticle A. paniculata as an immunomodulator against CD4+ and CD8+. Study design was an experimental study with post only control group trial. A total of 30 male Wistar rats divided into 6 groups, with 5 rats in each group. All groups were injected by L. monocytogenes intravenous except Normal Group. EAP 200 group was administered oral crude extract of A. paniculata at dose 200 mg/kg BW for 7 days. nEAP 100, nEAP 200 and nEAP 400 groups were administered oral Nanoparticle-Extract of A. paniculata at dose of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW respectively for 7 days. CD4+ and CD8+ cells were detected by isolating PBMC cells then analyzed using flow cytometry. Statistical analysis applied ANOVA. Both crude extract of EAP 200 and nanoparticles nEAP 400 significantly increase the number of CD4+ (P= 0.050) and CD8+ (P= 0.010). Crude and nanoparticles extract of A. paniculata increase the production of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in rats infected with L. monocytogenes.
Mapping the Research Landscape of Natural Compounds for Tuberculosis Treatment: A Bibliometric Approach Hakam, Abdul; Susilaningsih, Neni; Mexitalia, Maria; Susanto, Hardhono; SyarofilAnam, Moh.
Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian Vol. 4 No. 5 (2025): JURNAL LOCUS: Penelitian & Pengabdian
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/locus.v4i5.3981

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health crisis, exacerbated by rising drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While conventional therapies like BPaL/BPaLM regimens and shorter rifapentine-based treatments show promise 11–33, the need for novel anti-TB agents persists. Natural compounds, particularly from biodiverse regions like Indonesia 77, offer untapped potential, yet prior bibliometric analyses lack comprehensive integration of computational and multi-omics approaches to guide future research. This study maps the research landscape of natural compounds for TB treatment (2015–2025) through bibliometric analysis, identifying gaps and proposing AI-driven, multi-disciplinary strategies to accelerate drug discovery. PubMed-derived data (23 articles) were analyzed using VOSviewer to visualize co-authorship, keyword co-occurrence, and thematic clusters. Trends in authorship, geographic contributions, and research foci (e.g., molecular docking, drug resistance) were evaluated. China dominated research output (11/23 studies), with clusters emphasizing computational methods (e.g., virtual screening), bacterial enzymes, and animal models. Keyword analysis revealed a strong focus on drug resistance and synergism, yet limited exploration of AI, multi-omics, or ethnopharmacology. Notably, studies like Romulo et al. (2018) highlighted Indonesian plants’ anti-TB potential 77, but systematic integration with modern technologies remains underexplored. This study identifies a critical gap: the need to merge traditional natural compound research with AI-aided drug design, multi-omics (e.g., transcriptomics 1616), and nanodelivery systems. By proposing a framework that bridges computational predictions (e.g., molecular docking 1515) with experimental validation, this research advances a novel, scalable approach to combat drug-resistant TB, leveraging global biodiversity and cutting-edge technologies.
Andrographis paniculata Leaves Extract Inhibit TNF-α and Caspase-3 Expression of Septic Rats’ Intestinal Tissues Ardika, Ryco Giftyan; Budiono, Bernardus Parish; Widiastiti, Nyoman Suci; Maharani, Nani; Susilaningsih, Neni; Sandra, Ferry
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i1.2727

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Microcirculation and cellular disturbances caused by sepsis might trigger significant intestinal damage. Andrographis paniculata extract decreases inflammatory intestinal epithelial cells with its role as an antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory agent. However, A. paniculata extract’s effect on sepsis have not been commonly studied, especially in the intestinal tissues. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine A. paniculata leaves extract (APLE) effect in sepsis-induced intestinal tissues of rats by examining the expression of inflammatory cytokines involved in sepsis, namely tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and Caspase-3.METHODS: Rats were divided into five groups; two groups received no pretreatment and the other three groups received 200, 400, and 500 mg/kg BW/day APLE, respectively. Three pretreated groups and one group with no pretreatment were then injected with 1 mg/200 g BW lipopolysaccharides (LPS) intraperitoneally to create septic rat models. Three days after the LPS-induction, rats were euthanized and the expression of TNF-α and Caspase-3 were assessed based on the immunohistochemical staining of rats’ intestinal tissues.RESULTS: Compared with NaCl (sham), LPS significantly (p<0.001) induced TNF-α expression from 6.60±1.36 to 25.37±1.74. Pretreatment of 200, 400, and 500 mg/kg BW/day APLE could significantly (p<0.001) inhibit the LPS-induced TNF-α expression (18.82±1.36, 11.45±1.18, and 6.89±1.90, respectively). Similar with TNF-α, compared with NaCl (sham), LPS significantly (p<0.001) induced Caspase-3 expression from 6.92±1.66 to 23.59±2.25. Pretreatment of 200, 400, and 500 mg/kg BW/day APLE could significantly (p<0.001) inhibit the LPS-induced Caspase-3 expression (17.47±1.68, 12.99±1.51, and 5.59±1.51, respectively).CONCLUSION: The pretreatment of APLE could inhibit the LPS-induced TNF-α and Caspase-3 expression, therefore APLE could be suggested as a potential sepsis-preventing agent.KEYWORDS: Andrographis paniculata, sepsis, TNF-α, Caspase-3, lipopolysaccharide 
Co-Authors , Yan Wisnu Prajoko Abdul Hakam Abdul Mughni Abraham Simatupang Aditya Purnama Agnes Stella Valentina Akhmad Ismail Almaz, Ayyasi Izaz Almeric Rosali Ambariyanto , Ar, Ardiyana Ari Suwondo Ariyanto, Diaza O. Asri, Hairul Astika Widy Utomo, Astika Widy Awal Prasetyo Azhar, Abu Bambang Joni Karjono Bambang Witjahjo Bambang Witjahjo Bernadus Parish Budiono Bernardus Parish Budiono Budiono, Bernardus Parish Bulandari, Beatrice LA. Cahyono, Chemy Wiryawan Catharina Suharti Damma Purnawati, Ratna Desy Armalina Dimarti, Safira Chairani Dwi Marliyawati Elvira Yunita Endang Mahati Endang Sri Lestari Eriawan Agung Nugroho Eriawan Agung Nugroho, Eriawan Agung Erik Prabowo Eva Annisa Fahmi Syarif Fanti Saktini Ferry Sandra Fidela Hanan Zivana Fuadi, Ahmad F. Hardhono Susanto Hardian Hardian Helmia Farida Hermawan Istiadi Iffiyana, Alifatul Ignatius Riwanto, Ignatius Indah Saraswati Joni Karjono, Bambang Kanti Yunika Kurniaty, Linggom Kusuma, Nauval Marta Leonardo Aaron Hartanto Mahabuana, Bintang Mahendra, Vito Maria Eka Patri Y Maria Mexitalia Mario Sadar Bernitho Hutagalung Maryam Restiwijaya Meiny Suzery Muhammad Nur Mulyadi Djojosaputro, Mulyadi Muniroh, Muflihatul Muttaqien, Rizal Arief, Najatullah Najatullah Najatullah, Najatullah Nani Maharani Nugrahadi, Dimas Erlangga Parish Budiono Prabowo, Erik Prihharsanti, Christina H.N. Purnawati, Ratna Dama Purnomo, Hery D. Putri, Ajeng Kurniasari Rahajeng, Herera Rampengan, Derren DCH. Ratna Damma Purnamawati Ratna Damma Purnawati Renni Yuniati Respati, Danendra RK. Retno Murwani Ryco Giftyan Ardika Selamat Budijitno Sigit Adi Prasetyo Sigit Adi Prasetyo, Sigit Adi Silaban, Hertina Sri Susilowati Suhartono, Suhartono Supandi Andy SyarofilAnam, Moh. Tjandra, Kevin C. Tobing, Romauli Tri Widyawati, Tri Trilaksana Nugroho Udadi Sadhana, Udadi Ulfa Nurullita Utami, Widoasti Putri Wahyu Haris Prabowo Widiastiti, Nyoman Suci Yan Wisnu Prajoko Yora Nindita Yuriz Bakhtiar Zhafran Hafizhki