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Journal : bit-Tech

Cloud-Based High Availability Architecture Using Least Connection Load Balancer and Integrated Alert System Prinafsika; Achmad Junaidi; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): bit-Tech
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i1.2520

Abstract

Ensuring optimal service continuity remains a critical challenge in cloud computing, especially when dealing with high traffic loads and system failure potential that can cause losses. To address this, this research presents the implementation of a high availability (HA) cloud system using the Least Connection load balancing algorithm implemented with Nginx, integrated with early anomaly detection and alert mechanisms. The HA architecture is implemented across two geographically distributed cloud service providers, Alibaba Cloud and Google Cloud, to analyze latency and performance differences under high load conditions. The system's resilience and scalability were evaluated through load testing using K6, simulating workloads ranging from 100 to 1000 Virtual Users (VUs) for single server configurations and 200 to 2000 VUs for HA configurations. The experiment results showed a significant improvement in service availability, reaching 100% uptime with the HA configuration compared to a peak of 98.79% in the single server environment. The Least Connection strategy effectively balanced traffic by monitoring active connections, resulting in a 29.73% increase in processed requests and a 42% reduction in system load at 1000 VUs. Additionally, the alert system successfully sent real-time Telegram notifications for delays or failures, enabling proactive mitigation. These results confirm that combining dynamic load balancing with proactive alerts can significantly improve service reliability, resource efficiency, and resilience to failures in distributed cloud infrastructure providing a viable model for robust and scalable cloud service architectures.
Classification of Jombang Batik Motifs Using Ensemble Convolutional Neural Network Riza Satria Putra; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy; Achmad Junaidi
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): bit-Tech
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i2.3204

Abstract

Batik, recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage, presents complex visual patterns that challenge automated classification systems. The intricate variations in texture, color, and geometry across motifs often lead to inconsistent performance in single Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models, which struggle to generalize across subtle inter-class differences. To address these limitations, this study implements an Ensemble CNN framework to classify six Ploso Jombang batik motifs Garudan, Merak Kinasih Keyna Galeri, Ploso Bersemi, Jombang Berseri, Sulur Kangkung, and Burung Hong from a dataset of 2,134 images. The proposed approach integrates three pre-trained architectures EfficientNetB0, ResNet18, and VGG16 through a stacking ensemble strategy to leverage complementary feature extraction capabilities. Experimental results demonstrate that EfficientNetB0 achieved the highest individual accuracy (94%), while VGG16 recorded the lowest (60%). When combined, the ensemble configurations EfficientNetB0 + VGG16 and EfficientNetB0 + ResNet18 achieved peak test accuracies of approximately 96.88% on 321 test samples, reflecting a 2.88% improvement over the best single model. Confusion Matrix analysis confirmed robust model stability, with 100% accuracy for motifs such as Ploso Bersemi and Sulur Kangkung. These results validate that ensemble learning effectively mitigates overfitting and enhances generalization by aggregating diverse visual representations. The proposed model thus provides a reliable computational framework for automated batik classification and digital cultural preservation, supporting Indonesia’s efforts to document, catalog, and sustain its traditional heritage through artificial intelligence–driven methods.
Implementation of the Weighted Product Method for Determining Poor Households Alya Izzah Zalfa Rihadah Ramadhani Nirwana Putri; Afina Lina Nurlaili; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): bit-Tech
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i2.3214

Abstract

Many village-level poverty programs still depend on manual deliberation, which is slow to audit and difficult to reproduce across localities. This study addresses that gap by delivering an end-to-end, transparent implementation of the Weighted Product (WP) method for ranking poor households in Prunggahan Kulon, Tuban Regency. We assess whether a clearly specified WP pipeline complete with documented polarity (benefit/cost), normalized weights, and run logs can convert heterogeneous village records into reproducible preferences suitable for operational targeting. Household data supplied by the village and the Social Office were coded on a 0–1 scale for eight agreed criteria; expenditure (C2) was treated as a cost while others were benefits. Equal weights were used in this initial deployment for clarity and explainability. The method was implemented in a Laravel-based system that records bases, signed exponents, the multiplicative score , and normalized preferences . A five-household subset (A1–A5) is reported for illustration, with the full system supporting larger lists. The computation yielded a clear ordering (A4 > A1 > A2 > A3 > A5). The multiplicative rule preserved penalties for critical shortfalls and prevented strong indicators from masking severe deprivations, while the software artifacts ensured traceability from inputs to final . The dataset comprised 491 households encoded across eight criteria, with one cost criterion and seven benefits. Compared with prior WP applications, our contribution is an end-to-end, district-ready pipeline with explicit polarity, documented weights, and preserved run logs enabling third-party replication. This design measurably improves transparency and reproducibility for local poverty targeting.
Comparative Analysis of IndoBERT, IndoBERTweet, and XLM-RoBERTa for Detecting Online Gambling Comments on YouTube Kevin Iansyah; Afina Lina Nurlaili; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): bit-Tech
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i2.3257

Abstract

The proliferation of online gambling promotions in YouTube comment sections poses significant challenges for content moderation on Indonesian digital platforms. Although transformer models have proven effective for various Indonesian-language NLP tasks, no systematic comparative evaluation exists for detecting online gambling promotions on YouTube, nor has research explored model sensitivity to hyperparameters in this context. This research identifies the optimal transformer model and configuration for detecting Indonesian-language online gambling promotion comments on YouTube. A total of 26,455 YouTube comments were collected from February to July 2025 and stratified into balanced training (18,926 comments) and validation sets (3,340 comments), plus an imbalanced testing set (4,189 comments with 28.05% promotions and 71.95% non-promotions) reflecting realistic platform conditions. Nine fine-tuning experiments were conducted with three transformer models (IndoBERT, IndoBERTweet, XLM-RoBERTa) using three learning rates (1e-5, 2e-5, 3e-5). Evaluation employed accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC-ROC metrics. Results show IndoBERT with learning rate 1e-5 achieved best performance (F1-score 99.57%, recall 99.49%), outperforming IndoBERTweet (F1-score 98.58%) and XLM-RoBERTa (F1-score 99.28%). Interestingly, the formal corpus-trained model (IndoBERT) proved more effective than the social media model (IndoBERTweet), indicating that gambling promotion language patterns tend to be structured despite appearing in informal contexts. IndoBERT demonstrated greatest stability to learning rate variations (standard deviation 0.0011), while XLM-RoBERTa offered fastest inference time (2.48 ms) with optimal performance-efficiency balance. These findings provide practical recommendations for automated content moderation systems on Indonesian social media platforms, with IndoBERT for maximum accuracy scenarios and XLM-RoBERTa for large-scale real-time deployment.
Comparative Analysis of Memory and Render Performance: BLoC vs Provider on Low-End Devices Muhammad Albert Nur Agathon; Afina Lina Nurlaili; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): bit-Tech
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i2.3268

Abstract

Mobile application performance is a critical determinant of user retention, yet optimization strategies for low-end hardware remain underexplored in the Flutter ecosystem. The choice of state management, specifically between Provider and BLoC, is a pivotal architectural decision affecting resource efficiency, particularly when integrated with Clean Architecture. Addressing the scarcity of empirical studies on constrained hardware, this research quantitatively compares the performance of these two libraries on a Vivo 1719 device running Android 7. Two identical Al-Qur'an applications were developed to facilitate a controlled experiment, isolating state management as the single variable. Performance metrics, including Resident Set Size (RSS), Garbage Collection (GC) frequency, and Frame Janks, were measured using Flutter DevTools during intensive scrolling and data loading scenarios. The results demonstrate that BLoC significantly outperforms Provider on low-end specifications. In the heaviest scenario, BLoC recorded lower peak memory usage (201.88 MB) compared to Provider (221.64 MB) and triggered 33% fewer GC events. Furthermore, BLoC reduced frame janks by 40% (15 janks vs. 21 janks). From a software engineering perspective, these findings indicate that BLoC's stream-based, event-driven architecture offers superior resource isolation compared to Provider's listener propagation mechanism, which tends to induce higher garbage collection overhead. Consequently, this study recommends BLoC as the preferred strategy for deployments targeting emerging markets, offering a worthwhile trade-off between development complexity and runtime stability to ensure broader digital inclusivity.
Design and Development of a Real-Time Delivery Tracking App Using WebSocket and Haversine Bima Arya Kurniawan; Retno Mumpuni; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): bit-Tech
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i2.3275

Abstract

The increasing demand for reliable real-time delivery tracking in furniture logistics highlights critical gaps in existing solutions: static geofencing without precise geodesic validation, polling-based protocols causing 1-3 second delays, and non-integrated Proof of Delivery (PoD) lacking automated location verification. These limitations result in inconsistent validation accuracy and limited transparency, directly impacting customer trust and operational costs. This research addresses these gaps by developing a novel tracking system uniquely integrating WebSocket-based bidirectional communication, Location-Based Services (LBS), and the Haversine Formula for geodesic distance validation, a combination not previously implemented for PoD-specific furniture logistics. The system comprises an Android driver application, Laravel-based backend with real-time WebSocket infrastructure, and monitoring interfaces for administrators and customers. Evaluation through 30 latency samples demonstrated stable WebSocket performance with average latency of 44.03 ms (SD=4.38ms; 95% CI=44.03±1.62ms), achieving 23-68 times faster transmission than traditional HTTP polling. Three geofence validation scenarios (50m, 100m, 200m radii) achieved 100% accuracy, with PoD triggering consistently restricted to authorized boundaries. Comprehensive functional testing confirmed reliable operational behavior across mobile and web modules. The practical impact includes automated location verification eliminating manual validation time, enhanced fleet visibility for large delivery trucks, and increased customer transparency through continuous tracking. These findings demonstrate that integrated WebSocket-Haversine-LBS architecture significantly improves delivery transparency, reduces validation errors, and enhances operational decision-making in furniture logistics. Future priorities include offline-first architecture, route optimization for heavy vehicles, and iOS platform support.
ARAS Method for Ranking Vocational High School Students Achmad Andrian Maulana; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy; Afina Lina Nurlaili
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): bit-Tech
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i2.3369

Abstract

Student performance assessment is a crucial component in strengthening the quality of vocational education. At SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Jogoroto, Kab. Jombang, the evaluation process is still conducted manually and relies primarily on report card scores, leading to subjectivity, inconsistency, and a limited representation of students’ competencies. This study develops a Decision Support System (DSS) by integrating the Rank Order Centroid (ROC) weighting technique and the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) method to provide a clearer and more systematic multicriteria evaluation framework. The analysis involves ten student alternatives evaluated using six criteria: average report card score, attitude, absenteeism, extracurricular activities, achievements, and industrial internship performance. ROC is applied to generate proportional criterion weights based on ranked priority, while ARAS is used to execute the core computational stages, including normalization of each criterion, application of weighted values, calculation of the optimal function score (Si), and determination of utility values (Ui) to rank student performance. The results indicate that the system yields consistent outcomes, with Nikmatuz achieving the highest utility value of 2.65224526 and identified as the top-performing student. These findings show that combining ROC and ARAS enhances assessment accuracy, reduces evaluator bias, and improves transparency in the ranking process. Beyond this case study, the proposed model demonstrates potential for broader application in vocational institutions seeking structured, data-driven mechanisms to evaluate academic and non-academic competencies more comprehensively.
Optimizing Gaussian Mixture Model Using Principal Component Analysis for Welfare Clustering Rafif Ilafi Wahyu Gunawan; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy; Achmad Junaidi
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): bit-Tech - IN PROGRESS
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i3.3310

Abstract

Welfare inequality among regions remains a fundamental challenge in achieving balanced development across East Java Province. The complexity of social, economic, and development indicators often obscures the true patterns of regional welfare. To address this issue, this study proposes a more efficient analytical approach by integrating Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) to cluster regions based on welfare levels. The dataset, obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of East Java for the 2010–2024 period, includes diverse social and economic indicators. PCA was employed to reduce dimensionality and eliminate variable correlations, preserving the essential information within the data. The resulting principal components were then analyzed using GMM to uncover welfare clustering patterns. Based on the evaluation using the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and silhouette score, the optimal configuration was achieved with two clusters, a tolerance of 1e-2, a maximum iteration of 200, and a silhouette score of 0.3403. The first cluster represented regions with higher welfare conditions, while the second indicated relatively lower welfare. These findings demonstrate that the PCA–GMM integration not only improves clustering accuracy but also enhances interpretability of welfare distribution across regions. Future studies may combine PCA with non-linear dimensionality reduction techniques such as Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to preserve local structures within complex datasets. Such integration is expected to reveal subtler and more dynamic welfare patterns, offering deeper insights into regional development disparities.
Analisis Perbandingan Deteksi Penyakit Daun Jagung Menggunakan YOLO dan CNN Mohammad Habim Hazidan Rifqi; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy; Afina Lina Nurlaili
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): bit-Tech - IN PROGRESS
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i3.3392

Abstract

This study compares the performance of two deep learning methods, You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8) and the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) EfficientNetB0, in detecting and classifying maize leaf diseases. The background of this research stems from the importance of early plant disease identification to support food security, as well as the limitations of manual inspection methods, which are slow, subjective, and inefficient. The study combines primary and secondary data, totaling 2,000 images that underwent undersampling, augmentation, resizing, and bounding box annotation for YOLO training needs. Both models were trained on the same dataset with an 80% training and 20% testing split. YOLOv8n was trained using a transfer learning approach for 30 epochs, while the CNN was trained using EfficientNetB0 with similar training parameters. The results show that YOLOv8 achieved high detection performance with an mAP@0.5 of 0.985 and the highest class accuracy in the Healthy category (0.99). Meanwhile, the CNN demonstrated more stable classification performance, achieving the highest accuracy in the Grey Leaf Spot class (0.99) and a validation accuracy of 0.96. The comparison indicates that YOLO excels in object detection and disease localization in field images, whereas the CNN is more consistent in classifying segmented leaf images. These findings provide practical implications for real world deployment: YOLOv8 is suitable for real time detection in field conditions, including potential integration into mobile based early warning systems for farmers, while EfficientNetB0 is more appropriate for offline or laboratory based classification of static leaf samples.
Design of Thesis Topic Recommendation System Using TF-IDF and Cosine Similarity Muhammad Baihaqi Arrisalah; Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy; Achmad Junaidi
bit-Tech Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): bit-Tech - IN PROGRESS
Publisher : Komunitas Dosen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32877/bt.v8i3.3579

Abstract

Selecting a thesis topic is a critical stage in a student’s academic journey and frequently poses substantial cognitive and procedural challenges. This study reports the design and implementation of the Computer Science Thesis Recommendation System (SRSIK Hub), a web-based decision-support platform aimed at improving the efficiency and accuracy of thesis topic selection. The primary novelty of this research lies in the systematic integration of Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Cosine Similarity within a large-scale academic corpus to model fine-grained semantic relevance between student interests and prior thesis documents, enabling more precise and transparent recommendations than conventional keyword-based searches. The system adopts a content-based filtering approach and processes approximately 4,000 thesis records collected from multiple university repositories. Textual data are preprocessed and transformed using TF-IDF vectorization, while Cosine Similarity is employed to rank candidate topics according to relevance. System effectiveness was evaluated using the WebUse Framework involving 75 student respondents. The evaluation yielded an overall score of 4.44 out of 5, indicating high usability, strong information quality, and reliable system functionality. This performance score demonstrates that the proposed recommendation model is not only technically sound but also practically applicable in real academic settings, where it can significantly reduce topic selection time and uncertainty for students. The results confirm that SRSIK Hub effectively supports students in identifying research topics aligned with their academic interests and competencies. Beyond local deployment, the system is transferable to other institutions for scalable thesis recommendation support.
Co-Authors Abadi, Luthfiyana Mahrurin Abdillah, Ikhwan Abdul Rezha Efrat Najaf Achmad Andrian Maulana Achmad Junaidi Afina Lina Nurlaili Afina Lina Nurlaili Afina Lina Nurlaili Afina Lina Nurlaili Agung Mustika Rizki, Agung Mustika Agus Wibowo Agus Zainal Arifin Ahmad Saikhu Akbar, Fawwaz Ali Al Fatih, Abdullah Alghiffary, Rizqi Alya Izzah Zalfa Rihadah Ramadhani Nirwana Putri Andreas Nugroho Sihananto Angga Lisdiyanto Anggraini Puspita Sari Anita Puspitasari Annisa Dwi Puspitarini Anugerah, Rico Putra ASHARI, FAISAL Avi Sunani Aviolla Terza Damaliana Azira, Volem Alvaro Azira Basuki Rahmat Masdi Siduppa Bima Arya Kurniawan Budi Nugroho Budi Nugroho Chairil, Augustin Mustika Chastine Fatichah Christianty, Theressa Marry Darmawan, Marcellinus Aditya Vitro Dwi Arman Prasetya Dwi Arman Prasetya Dwi Sutrisno, Rahmat Edi Sugiyanto Eka Prakarsa Mandyartha Eva Yulia Puspaningrum Fania Imelda Safitri Faris Syaifulloh Farkhan Fauzan Akbari, Muhamad Fauzi, Zaky Ahmad Fetty Tri Anggraeny Firza Prima Aditiawan Fitrani, Laqma Dica Ganal Arief Rahmawan Gusti Eka Yuliastuti Hajjar, Debrina Octrisya Hardiansyah, In Naka Malik Hidra Amnur I Wayan Alston Argodi Istian Kriya Almanfakulti Jeziano Rizkita Boyas Kartini Kartini Kevin Iansyah Kurnia, Lusi Kusuma Wardani, Amalia Dwi Lailatul Musyaffaah Lina Nurlaili, Afina Lintang Putri Permatasari Lisdiyanto, Angga Lusian Nandang Arjamulia Maulana Herza, Fakhri Maulana, Hendra Maulana, Vieri Arief Mohammad Habim Hazidan Rifqi Mohammad Setyo Wardono Muhammad Albert Nur Agathon Muhammad Baihaqi Arrisalah Muhammad Daffa Arifin Muhammad Izdihar Alwin Muzdalifah, Nayani Alya Aquila Nia Dwi Puspitasari Nur Nafisatul Fitriyah Nurlaili, Afina Lina Nurrahman, Sintya Fadillah Oktaviana, Dinda Friska Panjaitan, Tompo Paramitha, Clara Diva Permatasari, Reisa Pratama Wirya Atmaja Prinafsika Purnomo, Ryan Putra, Chrystia Aji Putra, Gredy Christian Hendrawan Raden Kokoh Haryo Putro Rafif Ilafi Wahyu Gunawan Retno Mumpuni Reza, Reno Alfa Riza Satria Putra Rizka Fadhillah, Irnanda Ryan Purnomo Ryan Purnomo Samodera, Bayu Sari, Rizky Buana Satrio, Deva Dwi Setyawan, Dimas Ari Shalehuddin Albawani, Raden Siregar, Talitha Aurora Nadenggan Sujayanti, Forentina Kerti Pratiwi Suprapti Taufiqqurrahman, Husain Tri Septianto Trimono, Trimono Triyana, Dimas Volem Alvaro Azira Azira Wahyu Eko Pujianto Wahyu Fahrul Ridho Wahyu Syaifullah JS Waluya, Onny Kartika Waskito, Achmad Derajat Wibisono, Al Danny Rian Widowati, Elok Winarti ., Winarti Yisti Vita Via