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Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Compounds from Ebony Leaf Extract (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) and Their Correlation with Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds in Various Solvent Extraction Apriandini, Lisya; Hanafi, Muhammad; Djamil, Ratna; Desmiaty, Yesi; Narrij Lotulung, Puspa Dewi; Artanti, Nina
Journal of Natural Product for Degenerative Diseases Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): JNPDD September
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58511/jnpdd.v1i1.5454

Abstract

Ebony (Diospyros celebica. Bakh) is a native plant of Indonesia that is used as a traditional medicine for diabetes mellitus. Previous studies state that ethanol extract from ebony leaves significantly reduced blood glucose levels of diabetic rats induced by alloxan. This ability is thought to be caused by secondary metabolites which is phenolic and flavonoid compound. However, research related to structure compounds in extract and composition of solvent variations in the extraction process to get the most optimal activity and also their correlation with total phenolic and flavonoid compounds has not been carried out. This study aimed to evaluate the composition of the optimum solvent in the extraction process and also to know the structure compounds contained in the extract. In the present study, we extracted the ebony leaves with three solvents of different polarity (ethanol-water), i.e. ethanol 50% (EtOH), EtOH 70%, and EtOH 96%. Quantitative estimation of total phenolic and flavonoid contents. These extracts were future evaluated for their activity and the content of compounds in the extract was identified using LCMS/MS. The results showed that phenolic compounds that have been identified in ebony leaf extract are methyl gallate and (-)-Epiafzelechin 3-gallate and we found there were significant differences in all test parameters between the three extracts which is EtOH 96% extract gave the best.
Enhanced Efficacy of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix) Essential Oil Spray Gel Against Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Nugroho, Gumilar Adhi; Desmiaty, Yesi; Fahleni, Fahleni; Lhu Muslimah, Lhu; Andam Dewi, Mira
Journal of Natural Product for Degenerative Diseases Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): JNPDD September
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58511/jnpdd.v1i1.5469

Abstract

The primary mode of dengue disease transmission is by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The essential oil derived from Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) leaves comprises 66.85% beta-citronellal, 6.59% beta-citronellol, 3.90% linalol, and 1.76% citronellol. These constituents exhibit repelling properties. The objective of this study was to develop a spray gel formulation using kaffir lime leaf essential oil to create an efficient repellent. The process involves tearing fresh kaffir lime leaves and subsequently distilling them with distilled water. The distillation procedure yields an essential oil that is subsequently incorporated into a spray gel formulation, with varying concentrations of 1%, 5%, and 10%. Based on the findings of the efficacy test from 3 spray gel formulas through mosquito repelling activity conducted over 6 hours, it can be concluded that all tested formulas exhibited variation in effectiveness in repelling mosquito bites. The efficacy of the protection index against Aedes aegypti mosquito bites is contingent upon the concentration of kaffir lime essential oil in the formulation. There is a positive correlation between concentration and the duration of protection.
Literature Study: Potential of Garcinia latissima Miq. for Skin Care - a Mini Review Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati; Yesi Desmiaty; Mari Okatini Armandari; Sri Irta Widjajanti; Triastity, Sarinah; Yolanti
Journal of Natural Product for Degenerative Diseases Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): JNPDD September
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58511/jnpdd.v2i1.6663

Abstract

The species Garcinia Latissima Miq. is native to Southeast Asia's tropical rain forests, primarily in Papua and Maluku. This plant is well-known for its thick-skinned fruit, used as a spice in traditional recipes. Garcinia Latissima Miq is also used in traditional medicine. Its use as a traditional medicine is because Garcinia Latissima Miq. has long been recognized as a source of phenolic compounds, and earlier research has shown that the chemicals extracted have biological activity as antioxidants, antibacterials, and antimicrobials. This study aimed to gather adequate information on the Garcinia Latissima Miq. plant's potential for usage as a cosmetic or skincare ingredient. A literature review was done in this study to obtain data from prior investigations. According to the findings of this investigation, the Garcinia Latissima Miq. plant possesses anti-elastase, which helps maintain skin elasticity, and contains flavonoids that inhibit tyrosinase in melanogenesis. Garcinia Latissima Miq. plant has the potential to maintain skin elasticity and brightness.
The Bitter Taste Masking of Sour Lime (Citrus aurantiifolia) Peel Extract using Β-Cyclodextrin Complex Desmiaty, Yesi; Sandhiutami, Ni Made Dwi; Engita, Elvira; Irtan, Levina Diva; Noor, Siti Umrah
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21370

Abstract

Sour lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is widely used in Indonesia for beverages and herbal remedies, but the bitterness of its peel limits its application in nutraceuticals. This study aimed to mask the bitter taste of sour lime peel (SLP) extract using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to form inclusion complexes. SLP was extracted with 70% ethanol via ultrasonication, then combined with β-CD at different ratios: Ci1 (0.5:2), Ci2 (0.75:2), and Ci3 (1:2), and freeze-dried. The resulting complexes were evaluated for antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) and physicochemical characteristics (bitterness value, FT-IR, SEM, XRD, and DSC). XRD and SEM analyses confirmed all inclusion complexes' amorphous and irregular structures, indicating successful encapsulation. Ci1 and Ci2 showed no detectable bitterness, while Ci3 and the crude extract exhibited bitterness values of 5 and 9 units/g, respectively. FT-IR showed the absence of ester group peaks in Ci1, and DSC indicated a shift in the endothermic peak, supporting complex formation. Among the formulations, Ci2 demonstrated the best performance in masking bitterness while retaining antioxidant activity. These results suggest that β-CD inclusion complexes, particularly Ci2, effectively improve the palatability of SLP extract and are suitable for further development in functional beverages and nutraceutical products.
Optimasi metode ekstraksi air umbi talas Jepang (Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott)): analisis aktivitas antioksidan, kandungan flavonoid, dan kadar luteolin Desmiaty, Yesi; Sandhiutami, Ni Made Dwi; Okta , Fauzia Noprima; Marvel, Nadya Sekar; Sumiyati , Yati
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 7 Nomor 4 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v7i4.574

Abstract

Japanese taro (Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott)) is one of the edible plants that contain phytochemicals such as flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenoids, tannins, and vitamin C which are beneficial to the health of the human body. The compound is also known to have antioxidant activity. Proper extraction can produce quality extracts. This study aims to optimize the extraction method on Japanese taro tubers. Taro tuber was extracted using water with three different temperatures (room temperature, 40℃, and 60℃). The ABTS (2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) method was used to determine the antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract, in addition to determining the total flavonoid content by colorimetric test, and also analyzing the luteolin content by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Densitometry. The total flavonoid content of Taro extracts at room temperature (TERT), 40℃ (TE 40), and 60℃ (TE 60) were 13.97±3.52 mg QE/gr extract; 7.99±2.10 mg QE/gr extract; and 5.98±0.49 mg QE/gr extract, respectively. Luteolin content of TERT, TE40, and TE60 were 0.27%±0.08; 0.25%±0.06; and 0.31%±0.05, respectively. Antioxidant IC50 values of TERT, TE40, and TE60 were 120.32, 137.03, and 159.37 µg/mL, respectively. The study shows that the greater the temperature in the extraction process, the less flavonoid and antioxidant compounds content. While there is a slight difference in determining luteolin levels, optimum luteolin content is obtained at 60°C for 6 hours.
Antioxidant and Anti-aging Activities from Zodia (Evodia suaveolens J.R. Forst & G. Forst) Fruit and Leaf Extract Greesty F. Swandiny; Yesi Desmiaty; Haura Usna Rahmah
Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Jamu Indonesia
Publisher : Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jji.v7i1.169

Abstract

Aging is a natural process that occurs in every living organism, including humans. Skin wrinkle, caused by deterioration activity of the elastase enzyme, is one example of the aging process. The activity of the elastase enzyme could be inhibited by flavonoid and phenolic compounds. Zodia (Evodia suaveolens) from the family of Rutaceae is one of the indigenous Indonesian plants widely known as rich in flavonoid and phenolic compounds. The purpose of this study is to explore antioxidant and anti-aging activity from ethanolic extract of fruit and leaf Zodia. The extracts were prepared by refluxing fruit and leaf zodia in 96% ethanol. The obtained extracts were characterized for the phytochemical constituent and its antioxidant activity determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method as well as anti-elastase activity for anti-aging evaluation. Phytochemical analysis of both samples showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids and essential oils. The calculation of IC50 in antioxidant activity using the DPPH method showed that ethanolic extract of zodia leaf (264.15 ppm) was higher compared to fruit extract (121.59 ppm). The fruit extract was further tested for anti elastase activity with IC50 of 145.67 ppm. In conclusion, the presence of phytochemicals in zodia fruit may be responsible for the antioxidant and anti-aging activities. 
The Bitter Taste Masking of Sour Lime (Citrus aurantiifolia) Peel Extract using Β-Cyclodextrin Complex Desmiaty, Yesi; Sandhiutami, Ni Made Dwi; Engita, Elvira; Irtan, Levina Diva; Noor, Siti Umrah
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21370

Abstract

Sour lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is widely used in Indonesia for beverages and herbal remedies, but the bitterness of its peel limits its application in nutraceuticals. This study aimed to mask the bitter taste of sour lime peel (SLP) extract using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to form inclusion complexes. SLP was extracted with 70% ethanol via ultrasonication, then combined with β-CD at different ratios: Ci1 (0.5:2), Ci2 (0.75:2), and Ci3 (1:2), and freeze-dried. The resulting complexes were evaluated for antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) and physicochemical characteristics (bitterness value, FT-IR, SEM, XRD, and DSC). XRD and SEM analyses confirmed all inclusion complexes' amorphous and irregular structures, indicating successful encapsulation. Ci1 and Ci2 showed no detectable bitterness, while Ci3 and the crude extract exhibited bitterness values of 5 and 9 units/g, respectively. FT-IR showed the absence of ester group peaks in Ci1, and DSC indicated a shift in the endothermic peak, supporting complex formation. Among the formulations, Ci2 demonstrated the best performance in masking bitterness while retaining antioxidant activity. These results suggest that β-CD inclusion complexes, particularly Ci2, effectively improve the palatability of SLP extract and are suitable for further development in functional beverages and nutraceutical products.
Nanosuspension Formula of Curcuma xanthorriza Rhizome Dry Extract: Impact of Tween 80-PEG 400 Ratio Arifin, Moch Futuchul; Shafira, Elza; Noviani, Yuslia; Desmiaty, Yesi; Okta, Fauzia Noprima
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 3 Issue 2
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0302222

Abstract

Our previous research investigated nanosuspension using the ionic gelation method with a 2:1 ratio of chitosan to sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and 0.44% Curcuma xanthorriza rhizome extract. The results indicated an unstable nanosuspension with a particle size of 399.3 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.60, and an entrapment efficiency of 73.37%. This study aims to develop a nanosuspension using Tween 80-PEG 400 to improve the characteristics and dissolution at pH 6.8. Curcuma rhizome was macerated with 96% ethanol and dried using a spray dryer. The nanosuspension formulation was designed using a 22 factorial design with Tween 80 (0.1%-0.4%) and PEG 400 (0.1%-0.4%) as factors, and the formulation was analyzed using Minitab 18. The dissolution of the optimum formulation was tested. The best formulation, comprising 0.1% Tween 80 and 0.4% PEG 400, provided a spherical shape, a particle size of 111.26 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.27, a zeta potential of 30.77 mV, an entrapment efficiency of 84.30%, and a desirability value of 0.9058. The release of curcumin at pH 6.8 after 180 minutes was 37.85% ± 0.1375 with a DE180 of 83.60% ± 0.1457. The 22 factorial design proved effective for enhancing formulation attributes. Based on the result obtained, it can be concluded that the best formulation contains 0.1% Tween 80 and 0.4% PEG 400, with zero-order release kinetics and a diffusion mechanism.
Enhanced Ability of Agarwood Leaves (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) Ointment as Wound Healing to Heal Second-Degree Burns in Rats Desmiaty, Yesi; Sandhiutami, Ni Made Dwi; Fahleni, Fahleni; Griselda, Agnes; Apriliana, Amalia Zahra
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 3 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0301214

Abstract

Agarwood leaves (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) contain chemical substances such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and triterpenoids that contribute to the healing process of burns. This study aims to evaluate the wound healing activity of spray-dried extract from agarwood leaves formulated into an ointment for second-degree burns. The method involves extracting agarwood leaves through the decoction method, followed by spray drying, and subsequent evaluation of the extract. The prepared extract was then formulated into an ointment and tested for wound healing activity on 24 white rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain, divided into four groups, each consisting of 6 rats: negative control (ointment base), positive control (Betadine®), formula 1 (agarwood leaves extract ointment with 20% extract concentration - ALO-20), and formula 2 (agarwood leaves extract ointment with 30% extract concentration - ALO-30). Second-degree burns were induced by exposing the rats' backs to ferrous metal for 3 seconds and treating them for 14 days. Observations were made by assessing changes in burn diameter and scab formation. In this study, ALO-30 demonstrated superior activity. Scab formation was faster on day 3, and the burn diameter was reduced by day 7. The results indicated that ALO-30 led to a quicker reduction in wound diameter compared to ALO-20 and the negative control. Agarwood leaves extract ointment with a concentration of 30% (ALO-30) exhibited a more effective wound healing effect than the ointment with a 20% concentration (ALO-20).
Co-Authors AFIZZA ANBAR Ali Timucin Atayoglu Amanda, Reistha Fazlia Andam Dewi, Mira Apriandini, Lisya Apriliana, Amalia Zahra Ardi, Maria Yedida Ariani, Lusiana Arif Tatak Berna Elya Camalia Hartantrie, Rovida Chandra, Amelia Ciang, Windy Danty Nur Alvionitasari Deby Faradhila Deni Rahmat Diah Kartika Pratami Dianita Ayu Noviastuti Djamil, Ratna Effionora Anwar Endah Wulandari Engita, Elvira Esti Mumpuni, Esti Evita Maria Simorangkir Fadlina Chany Saputri Fahleni Fahleni Fahrauk Faramayuda, Fahrauk Fahri Muhammad FAIZATUN, FAIZATUN Fajar, In Rahmi Fatria Fauzia Noprima Okta Fikri Alatas Greesty F. Swandiny Greesty Finotory Swandiny Griselda, Agnes Gumilar Adhi Nugroho Hakim, Ratu Mayra Handayani, Rizqya Cahya Haura Usna Rahmah Haura Usna Rahmah Iis Irawatty Dewi Irtan, Levina Diva Kartiningsih Kartiningsih Kharinta Adella Meynderth kurnia agustini Lhu Muslimah, Lhu Liliek Nurhidayati Lilik Sulasti Lilik Sulastri Lim, Helsa Lindawati Lindawati LOLA DYAH PITHALOKA Mardiyanti, Siti Mari Okatini Armandari Marvel, Nadya Sekar Moch Futuchul Arifin Muhammad Hanafi Narrij Lotulung, Puspa Dewi Nattika Sari Darmastuti Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati Ni Made Dwi Sandhiutami Nilam Sari Maulidina Nina Artanti Noor, Siti Umrah Noviani, Yuslia Okta , Fauzia Noprima Okta, Fauzia Noprima Partomuan Simanjuntak Prayoga, Tria Priyanti, Ike Ari R, Julia R, Julia R., Ika R., Ika RAHMAT, DENI Reczky Muhammad Ramdhan Hasan Risma Marisi Tambunan Rizky Adam Hidayat Shafira, Elza Siti Mardiyanti Siti Sadiah Siti Sadiah Sri Irta Widjajanti Suherman, Sandra Loretta Sumiyati , Yati Syamsudin Syamsudin Triastity, Sarinah Triyani, Yulia Valeria Wahyudi, Dion Wiwi Winarti Yashinta Larasati YATI SUMIYATI Yati Sumiyati Yati Sumiyati, Yati Yolanti