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FROM PLASTIC CRISIS TO CIRCULAR TOURISM: WASTE GOVERNANCE FAILURES AND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM PATHWAYS IN BALI, INDONESIA Suardhana, I Nengah; I Wayan Kartimin; I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 10 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Bali’s tourism‑led growth has created a paradox in which rapid economic gains coexist with worsening plastic pollution, recurrent urban flooding, and degradation of the coastal and marine ecosystems that sustain its appeal as a destination. Despite the adoption of a 2019 single‑use plastic ban and source‑based waste management policies, plastic waste volumes remained largely stagnant at about 408–414 tons per day between 2017 and 2019, exposing persistent implementation gaps. This study examines how waste governance failures, stakeholder behaviour, and tourism dynamics interact to shape Bali’s plastic crisis, and evaluates the potential of circular‑economy and community‑based tourism models to shift current trajectories. Using a mixed‑methods approach, it combines district‑level statistics, policy and secondary data, and qualitative evidence from interviews and observations with communities, tourism businesses, informal waste workers, and officials. The findings highlight inadequate infrastructure, fragmented multi‑level governance, weak enforcement, and low segregation at source, with only roughly half of waste properly managed and about 11% of plastic leaking annually to rivers and the ocean. At the same time, eco‑village and circular initiatives achieve 20–25% waste reductions in pilot areas, signalling the viability of polycentric, community‑driven approaches aligned with SDGs 11, 12, 14, and 17. The study integrates political ecology, implementation gap, collective‑action, and circular‑economy perspectives and proposes a multi‑stakeholder governance framework, emphasising stronger source‑based segregation and TPS3R, scaled‑up circular tourism villages, context‑specific deposit‑return and extended producer responsibility schemes, and enforceable sustainability standards in the tourism value chain.
OFFLINE TRAVEL IN AN ONLINE WORLD: SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF ANALOGUE TOURISM IN THE DIGITAL ERA I Nengah Suardhana; I Wayan Kartimin; I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama
International Journal of Social Science Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53625/ijss.v5i6.12576

Abstract

This study examines the persistence and implications of offline travel within an increasingly digital tourism ecosystem dominated by online travel agencies, algorithmic recommendation systems, and mobile applications. It adopts a mixed-methods design involving semi-structured interviews with foreign tourists in Bali, an online survey, and secondary data from industry reports and destination case studies to explore social, economic, and psychological dimensions of analogue travel practices. Findings indicate that offline travel is sustained by quests for authenticity, deeper interpersonal interactions, and digital detox benefits, yet is constrained by convenience gaps, perceived inefficiency, and fear of missing out among younger, highly connected segments. Economically, offline channels continue to support micro, small, and medium enterprises, homestays, and local guides, particularly in rural and digitally excluded areas, but face intense price competition and visibility disadvantages relative to OTAs. Psychologically, offline travel enhances autonomy, self-efficacy, and attentional restoration, while simultaneously generating frustration for tourists accustomed to seamless digital services. The study contributes to tourism scholarship by clarifying the underexplored interplay between online and offline travel experiences and offers practical insights for policymakers and businesses seeking to design more balanced, human-centred tourism futures.
Pura Lingsar sebagai Destinasi Wisata Budaya antara Sakralitas dan Komersialisasi Sumardani, Riski; Anak Agung Ayu Ribeka Martha Purwahita; I Wayan Kartimin; I Made Weda Satia Negara
Altasia Jurnal Pariwisata Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal ALTASIA (Februari)
Publisher : Program Studi Pariwisata - Universitas Internasional Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37253/altasia.v8i1.11313

Abstract

Pariwisata berbasis budaya terus menjadi penggerak ekonomi daerah, tetapi destinasi yang mengandung nilai kesakralan kerap berhadapan dengan dilema antara menjaga tradisi dan memenuhi tuntutan pasar wisata. Walaupun sejumlah penelitian telah menyoroti potensi gesekan antara sektor pariwisata dan ruang religius, kajian mengenai bagaimana komunitas lokal menegosiasikan batas kesakralan sembari meraih manfaat ekonomi masih relatif terbatas. Kekosongan inilah yang melatarbelakangi penelitian mengenai Pura Lingsar di Lombok, sebuah situs yang menggabungkan fungsi keagamaan dan aktivitas wisata. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada bagaimana hubungan antara pariwisata dan kegiatan bisnis mempengaruhi tata kelola ruang sakral di Pura Lingsar, serta bagaimana masyarakat setempat untuk mempertahankan nilai adat dalam kondisi komersialisasi yang terus meningkat. Studi ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dipilih karena pendekatan ini untuk peneliti menggali pemaknaan, persepsi, serta praktik sosial berbagai actor mulai dari wisatawan, tokoh adat, hingga pengelola pura lingsar secara lebih mendalam dan sesuai konteks lokal. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kesakralan Pura Lingsar tetap terpelihara melalui manajemen berbasis kearifan lokal yang secara jelas memisahkan ruang inti sakral, seperti Kemaliq, yang aksesnya dibatasi, dari area luar yang boleh dimanfaatkan untuk kegiatan wisata seperti Ritual Perang Topat merupakan komodifikasi yang dikendalikan dengan cermat, di mana bagian depan situs dijadikan ruang tontonan, sementara area belakang tetap difungsikan untuk praktik esoteris tanpa keterlibatan pengunjung. Pendekatan tersebut menghasilkan hubungan saling menguntungkan antara kegiatan ekonomi pariwisata dan pelestarian budaya, sekaligus menggeser posisi komunitas dari pihak yang pasif menjadi pengelola aktif. Meski demikian, penelitian ini masih terbatas pada satu lokasi dan belum menelusuri aspek ekonomi secara kuantitatif. Oleh karena itu, studi berikutnya disarankan untuk memperluas objek kajian ke destinasi sakral lain serta memadukan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif agar pemahaman mengenai keberlanjutan pariwisata budaya dapat diperoleh secara lebih utuh.
The Influence of Eco-Storytelling and Digital Destination Branding on Tourist Visit Intention to Gunung Salak Village, Tabanan: Pengaruh Eco-Storytelling dan Digital Destination Branding terhadap Minat Berkunjung Wisatawan di Desa Gunung Salak Tabanan Dewi, I Gusti Agung Ayu Ana Sintya; Dewi, Luh Komang Candra; Kartimin, I Wayan
JAKADARA: JURNAL EKONOMIKA, BISNIS, DAN HUMANIORA Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): JAKADARA: JURNAL EKONOMIKA, BISNIS, DAN HUMANIORA
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Dhyana Pura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36002/jd.v5i1.5500

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of eco-storytelling and digital destination branding on tourist visit intention to Gunung Salak Village, Selemadeg Timur District, Tabanan Regency, Bali. Gunung Salak Village is registered as a pioneer tourism village on the Jadesta platform of the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy, yet its digital promotion and ecological narrative communication remain underdeveloped. Using the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) theoretical framework, this quantitative research employed a purposive sampling technique with 100 respondents who had knowledge of or interest in Gunung Salak Village as a tourism destination. Data were collected through questionnaires measured using a five-point Likert scale and analyzed through multiple linear regression using SPSS version 26. The results of the study indicate that eco-storytelling has a positive and significant effect on tourist visit intention (t = 4.217; sig. = 0.000), digital destination branding has a positive and significant effect on tourist visit intention (t = 3.894; sig. = 0.000), and both variables simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on tourist visit intention (F = 38.672; sig. = 0.000) with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.441, meaning that 44.1% of the variance in tourist visit intention is explained by eco-storytelling and digital destination branding. These findings imply that strengthening ecological narratives and digital destination identity are essential strategies for developing Gunung Salak Village as a competitive and sustainable rural tourism destination.
HARMONY, HEALING, AND SPIRITUALITY TOURISM: WESTERN TOURISTS ENGAGEMENT WITH MELUKAT RITUALS IN BALI I Nengah Suardhana; I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama; I Wayan Kartimin; Anak Agung Ayu Ratih Kesumadewi
International Journal of Social Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53625/ijss.v6i1.12837

Abstract

Bali has emerged as a leading global destination for spiritual and wellness tourism, attracting Western travelers in search of personal transformation and inner healing. Among its distinctive cultural practices is the Balinese purification ritual, known as melukat, which employs sacred water as a medium for spiritual cleansing. This study explores the interaction between Western tourists and Balinese spiritual practices, with a particular focus on how melukat is experienced and interpreted within a cross-cultural context. A qualitative research design was adopted, utilizing in-depth interviews and participant observation conducted at selected sacred sites and wellness centers across Bali. The collected data were analyzed thematically to identify key patterns related to tourists’ motivations and processes of meaning-making. The findings reveal four primary motivations driving participation: (1) the desire to escape the pressures of modern life, (2) the search for authentic spiritual experiences, (3) the pursuit of holistic healing, and (4) a fascination with the perceived harmony of Balinese culture. At the same time, the study indicates that many participants reinterpret melukat through individualistic and psychological frameworks, often distancing the practice from its original religious and cosmological significance. Rather than representing a straightforward process of commodification, these interactions reflect a dynamic process of cultural adaptation and transformation. In this process, local communities actively engage with tourism while striving to preserve the core values of their spiritual traditions. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on spiritual tourism by offering a cross-cultural perspective on the reinterpretation of sacred rituals within global tourism contexts. It also underscores the importance of balancing tourism development with cultural preservation to ensure the long-term sustainability and authenticity of Bali’s cultural heritage.
Co-Authors Aditama, I Wayan Induyoga Aditya, I Wayan Putra Anak Agung Ayu Ratih Kesumadewi Anak Agung Ayu Ribeka Martha Purwahita Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Arcana, Kadek Arini, Ni Nyoman Budhayana, I Wayan Damayanti, Elok Darmini, Ni Made Desak Made Purnama Dewi Dewi, I Gusti Agung Ayu Ana Sintya Galoja, I Made Opan Galoja Gunawan Gunawan Holyness Nurdin Singadimedja I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama I Gusti Nyoman Wiantara I Gusti Putu Bagus Sasrawan Mananda I Ketut Sutapa I Ketut Sutapa I Ketut Yudana Adi I Made Bayu Wisnawa I Made Darsana I Made Deni Permana I Made Gede Darma Susila I Made Sunata I Made Weda Satia Negara I Nengah Suardhana I Nengah Suardhana I Putu Tiana Raditya I Wayan Putra Aditya I Wayan Terimajaya Ida Ayu Karina Putri Ida Ayu Putu Sulastri Ida Bagus Nyoman Krisna Prawira Yuda IM. ArjayaIM. Arjaya Jumiati, Kadek Ari Komang Fridagustina Adnantara L.K. Herindiyah Kartika Yuni Lubis, Richard Marco Luh Komang Candra Dewi Made Hedy Wartana Ni Kadek Lani Ni Luh Ayu Sara Pertiwi Ni Made Dwi Eka Widiastuti Ni Made Ernila Junipisa Ni Nyoman Arini Ni Nyoman Nidya Trianingrum Ni Putu Yunik Anggreni Ni Putu Yunik Anggreni Ni Wayan Mekarini Ni Wayan Rena Mariani Ni Wayan Rena Mariani Parwati, Komang Shanty Muni Permana, I Made Deni Pondang Polikarpus Nainggolan Putra, Putu Guntur Pramana Putu Agus Prayogi Rizki Sumardani Sedana, I Made Dwi Arta Suardhana, I Nengah Subadra, I Nengah Sudarmawan, I Wayan Eka Suhati, Luh Wawas Sumardani, Riski Suryaningsih, Ida Ayu Anggreni Syamsul Arifin Widiastuti, Ni Made Dwi Eka Yanti, Ayu Suwita