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Muhammad Fathurrahman
Prodi Kimia FMIPA Universitas Pakuan
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TiO2/Zeolite Coal Fly Ash Nanocomposite for Photodegradation of Naphthol Blue Black Dye: Optimization and Mechanism under Visible Light Kusumawardani, Linda Jati; Syahputri, Yulian; Apriansyah, Apriansyah; Fathurrahman, Muhammad
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 11, No. 1, May 2025
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v11i1.45036

Abstract

Naphthol Blue Black (NBB) is a water-insoluble synthetic azo dye with a molecular weight of 616.49 g/mol that requires alkaline treatment for solubility and poses environmental risks by reducing water quality, increasing BOD and COD, and disrupting aquatic ecosystems. The TiO₂/Zeolite Fly Ash nanocomposite represents a promising material for the photocatalytic degradation of NBB. Analysis of the TiO2/zeolite fly ash nanocomposites revealed the presence of Ti-O-Si and Ti-O-Al functional groups, along with a suitable band gap energy value of 2.85 eV for visible light consumption. The average particle size is 62-75 nm, with a relatively high crystallinity of 95.64%. The insertion of TiO2 into the surface of the zeolite changes the size of the catalyst from 62-75 nm to 10 nm and 98.2% crystallinity. An emphasis was placed on the key parameters governing the degradation process. The test results showed that the degree of degradation increases at lower pH, while changes in catalyst dosage and initial dye concentrations do not significantly affect the degradation of NBB. The addition of H2O2 demonstrates the increasing degradation efficiency. The optimum operating process was carried out by adding 1.2 % (v/v) of H2O2, the pH 2, 0.1% (w/v) of catalyst, an initial concentration NBB of 12 mg/l, and irradiating under visible light for 75 minutes. It was a short period to produce the best conditions for degrading 12 mg/l naphthol blue-black, with a degradation efficiency of 99.68%. The rate of photodegradation kinetics had a reaction rate constant of 0.0312 min-1 and was followed a pseudo-first-order Langmuir-Hinshelwood.  From the results, it was found that adsorption is an essential factor in the photodegradability of the dye. The linear transform of the Langmuir isotherm curve was further used to determine the characteristic parameters, which included the maximum absorbable dye quantity Qmax=11,8217 mgg-1. LC-MS/MS analysis identified the compounds formed through the photocatalytic degradation of naphthol blue-black dye into lower-molecular-weight molecules, such as benzoic acid, maleic acid, and phenol, which can gradually break down naturally into carbon dioxide and water.
Co-Authors . Apriansyah Ade Heri Mulyati, Ade Heri Agus, Muhammad Abduh Akram Agustino Zulys Ahmad Jupri Ahmad, Afifah Anwari Mattali Al Husnah, Miftah Alfauzi, Ikhsanurdien Alhasbi, Faruq Anna Permanasari Anwar, Najih Arif Darmawan Aryati, Ida Awanda, Misuki Ayu Lestari, Putri Baidhowi Billah, Salsa Destiyana, Stevany Dewanto, Muhammad Arif Bagus Didik Hariyanto Djoroho, Theresia G Dwinanto, Irwin Dwiyana, Amelia Eka Herlina Fahrurrozi, F Falni, Falni Fatmawati, Nur Aisyah Fauzi, Zaini Fauziah, Zahra Nur Fernayanan, Riyanti Firdaus, Danar Restu Firdaus, Muhamad Iqbal Ansori Fredy Jhon Philip Sitorus Gayatri, Baiq Alon Pramudhya Ghofar, Abd Hanifah, Aniqah Hanum, Siti Zaida Hendiyani, Rani Henny Purwaningsih Hudaya, Fadli Hudaya Ibad, Taqwa Nur Irianti, Septi Ismail Djakaria Jannah, Eka Yuni Nur Jannatun, Baiq Haulia Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi Java, Abyanuddin Al Jeki Purnama Putra Kabir, Abyan Jausan Kahar, Muhammad Syahrul Koramen Haulian Sirait Kurniawan, Reggiene La Aba Laksmi Subadra, Ni Putu Ayu Leny Heliawati Linda Jati Kusumawardani Liswara, Musa Ahmad M. Zainuddin Maharani, Restu Dewinta Manalu, Keren Mardiman Mardiman, Mardiman Maulani, Mustamina Maulida, Khoviva Megan, Aspasia Asprila Mimin Kusmiyati, Mimin Mirna Ari Mulyani Misdalena, Felly Mufasiroh, Hanif Fika MUHAMMAD ALI Muhammad Fachmi MUHAMMAD TAUFIK Mulia, Reski Mursito, Bambang Musa’ad, Faida Neliwati Noer, Zikri Nugraha, Yoga Nuraeni, Verlita Nurhayati Nurhayati NURUL HIDAYAH Patricia, Cicilia Benita Putri Permanasari, Arlina Puji Astuti Purwantiningsih Sugita Putra, Bela Janare Putri, Nabila Amalia Rahmatullah Bin Arsyad Rahmawati, Miftah Sigit Rasiwan, Iwan Rohmawati, Indi Rozi, Tapaul Rusani, Irna Saebani Saebani, Saebani Saleha, Isma Muslihati Salsabila, Filzah Maharani Sangadji, Zulkarnain Saputra, Ranu Arya Sarawa, Sarawa Sarira, Regina Amelia Setiawan, Aep Siahaan, Lolo Ferdinan Siregar, Annisa Novita Putri Siti Fatimah Subando, Joko - Sujendra, Ida Bagus Alit Sukresna, Yobi Suparman Suswandari Sutanto Sutanto Suwanta, Deni Maulana Syahrial, Agan Syahril Alzahri, Syahril Tasa, Tyan Taufik Taufik Teguh Hidayat Iskandar Alam Tri Aminingsih Trisnawati, Nika Fetria Uge, Sarnely Ulfah, Yetty Faridatul Umala, Moh usep suhendar Usep Suhendar Virasanty Muslimah Widoyo, Agus Fatuh Wiryan, Lalu Wiwi Siswaningsih Yules Pramona Zulkarnain Yulian Syahputri Zulfiani, Rena