Articles
<![CDATA[Identifikasi Bakteri Endofit Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica) berdasarkan Penanda Gen 16 S rRNA pada Escherichia coli ]]>
<![CDATA[., Mahyarudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Mahasiswa PSPD FK Universitas Tanjungpura Vol 3, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Kesehatan Khatulistiwa ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Mahasiswa PSPD FK Universitas Tanjungpura ]]>
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<![CDATA[Latar Belakang. Di Indonesia diare masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Tanaman pegagan merupakan tanaman liar yang banyak tumbuh di perkebunan, ladang, tepi jalan, pematangan sawah ataupun di ladang yang telah dilaporkan memiliki kemampuan antidiare. Bakteri endofit adalah bakteri yang hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman inang tanpa menyebabkan gejala-gejala penyakit. Beberapa jenis bakteri endofit diketahui mampu menghasilkan senyawa aktif yang bersifat antibiotik. Metodologi. penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-eksploratif. Isolasi bakteri endofit dari daun pegagan (C.asiatica L.) dilakukan dengan metode tanam langsung dan pemurnian isolate dengan metode streak plate, potensi antibakteri diuji dengan metode difusi cakram (disk diffusion methods). Identifikasi bakteri endofit dilakukan dengan pengamatan morfologi koloni, morfologi sel dan aktivitas biokimia. Hasil. Sebanyak 4 isolat dari 42 isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escerichia coli yaitu berkisar 2 mm – 6,5. Kesimpulan. Isolat 16 memiliki aktivitas yang paling tinggi dibandingkan ketiga isolat lainnya yaitu 6,5 mm.]]>
<![CDATA[Metagenomic of Actinomycetes Based on 16S rRNA and nifH Genes in Soil and Roots of Four Indonesian Rice Cultivars Using PCR-DGGE ]]>
<![CDATA[. Mahyarudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Iman Rusmana]]>;
<![CDATA[Yulin Lestari]]>
<![CDATA[ HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 3 (2015): July 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.4308/hjb.22.3.113
<![CDATA[The research was conducted to study the metagenomic of actinomycetes based on 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and bacterial nifH genes in soil and roots of four rice cultivars. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profile based on 16S rRNA gene showed that the diversity of actinomycetes in roots was higher than soil samples. The profile also showed that the diversity of actinomycetes was similar in four varieties of rice plant and three types of agroecosystem. The profile was partially sequenced and compared to GenBank database indicating their identity with closely related microbes. The blast results showed that 17 bands were closely related ranging from 93% to 100% of maximum identity with five genera of actinomycetes, which is Geodermatophilus, Actinokineospora, Actinoplanes, Streptomyces and Kocuria. Our study found that Streptomyces species in soil and roots of rice plants were more varied than other genera, with a dominance of Streptomyces alboniger and Streptomyces acidiscabies in almost all the samples. Bacterial community analyses based on nifH gene denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis showed that diversity of bacteria in soils which have nifH gene was higher than that in rice plant roots. The profile also showed that the diversity of those bacteria was similar in four varieties of rice plant and three types of agroecosystem. Five bands were closely related with nifH gene from uncultured bacterium clone J50, uncultured bacterium clone clod-38, and uncultured bacterium clone BG2.37 with maximum identity 99%, 98%, and 92%, respectively. The diversity analysis based on 16S rRNA gene differed from nifH gene and may not correlate with each other. The findings indicated the diversity of actinomycetes and several bacterial genomes analyzed here have an ability to fix nitrogen in soil and roots of rice plant.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemanfaatan bakteri endofit daun cengkodok (Melastoma malabathricum L.) sebagai anti Shigella flexneri ]]>
<![CDATA[Mahyarudin Mahyarudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Anggita Serli Verdian]]>;
<![CDATA[Mistika Zakiah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Pendidikan Informatika dan Sains Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Pendidikan Informatika dan Sains ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[IKIP PGRI Pontianak ]]>
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DOI: 10.31571/saintek.v10i2.3380
<![CDATA[Shigellosis atau disentri basiler merupakan penyebab diare paling umum yang disebabkan oleh Shigella flexneri. Masyarakat suku Dayak Iban di Kabupaten Sintang, Kalimantan Barat telah memanfaatkan daun cengkodok sebagai obat diare. Penelitian terdahulu melaporkan bahwa bakteri endofit memiliki kemampan menghasilkan metabolit sekunder seperti tanaman inangnya yang berpotensi menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeterminasi efek antibakteri dan karakter bakteri endofit potensial dari daun cengkodok (M. malabathricum L.) terhadap S. flexneri. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi eksploratif – deksriptif. Isolasi bakteri endofit dari daun cengkodok menggunakan metode tanam langsung dan purifikasi isolate bakteri endofit menggunakan metode cawan gores. Uji aktivitas bakteri endofit terhadap S. flexneri menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Identifikasi isolat potensial berdasarkan morfologi sel, morfologi koloni dan karakteristik biokimia sel. Sebanyak 14 dari 35 isolat memiliki aktivitas terhadap S. flexneri berkisar antara 2,2 - 15,2 mm. 4 isolat yang memiliki aktivitas tertinggi yaitu isolate 21, 10, 30, dan 12. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan isolate 21, 10, dan 30 memiliki kemiripan dengan genus Acetobacter, isolate 12 memiliki kemiripan dengan genus Citrobacter. Bakteri endofit daun cengkodok memiliki aktivitas penghambatan pertumbuhan S. flexneri.]]>
<![CDATA[AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KESUM (Polygonum minus Huds.) TERHADAP Microsporum canis ]]>
<![CDATA[Vica Vionita Rosalim]]>;
<![CDATA[Syarifah Nurul Yanti Rizki Syahab Asseggaf]]>;
<![CDATA[Diana Natalia]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahyarudin Mahyarudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia Vol 6, No 2 (2019): JURNAL FITOFARMAKA INDONESIA ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.33096/jffi.v6i2.470
<![CDATA[Dermatophytosis is a fungal infection caused by one of the superfixial mycoses, namely dermatophytes. Microsporum canis is one of the dermatophyte species that can infect hair, skin, leg and thighs. Kesum plants (Polygonum minus Huds.) are endemic plants of West Kalimantan that have many bioactive compounds from the roots to the leaves. The leaves of kesum contain secondary metabolites which can inhibit fungi growth. This research had purpose to know the antifungal activity of kesum leaves’ ethanol extracts on Microsporum canis. The kesum leaves’ extraction used maceration method with 96% ethanol as a solvent. Analysis secondary matbolites of kesum leaves’ secondary metabolites used tube test and thin layer chromatography. Antifungal activity test used Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method with 5 extract concentration variantions i.e. 80, 40%, 20%, 10%, and 5%. Itraconazole 8 µg/disk was used as a positive control and DMSO 10% was used as a negative control. Kesum leaves’ ethanol extract was obtained saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, therpenoid, and phenol. Ethanol extracts of kesum leaves did not create zone of inhibition against Microsporum canis. Ethanol extracts of kesum leaves didn’t have antifungal activity against Microsporum canis.]]>
<![CDATA[Aktivitas Antijamur Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cengkodok (Melastoma malabathricum) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Malassezia furfur ]]>
<![CDATA[Willy Sanjaya]]>;
<![CDATA[Ambar Rialita]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahyarudin Mahyarudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): JURNAL FITOFARMAKA INDONESIA ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.33096/jffi.v8i1.614
<![CDATA[Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is an infection on epidermal layer of skin and the common caused by a type of yeast that live on the skin named Malassezia furfur. The increasing of fungal resistant against antifungal and high reccurence rate after cured in 2 years about 80%, requires alternative treatment that come from plants. Cengkodok leaves (Melastoma malabathricum) is used conventionally as an alternative medicine. Cengkodok leaf produces secondary metabolites which have antifungal activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of ethanolic extract Melastoma malabathricum leaves (EEMML). Phytochemical screening of EEMML were performed using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Melastoma malabathricum leaves were extracted with maceration method using 96% ethanol. The testing of antifungal activity was determined using disc-diffusion method with the concentration of 5; 20; 50; 100; 250; 500 ppm. Ketoconazole 10 ug/disc and Itraconazole 8ug/disc was used as positive control while negative control used 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). EEMML didn’t showed zone of inhibition against Malassezia furfur although 100% concentration extract used. EEMML have no antifungal activity against Malassezia furfur]]>
<![CDATA[Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kesum (Polygonum minus Huds.) sebagai Antifungi terhadap Trichophyton rubrum ]]>
<![CDATA[Shintya Dewi]]>;
<![CDATA[Syarifah NYRS Asseggaf]]>;
<![CDATA[Diana Natalia]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahyarudin Mahyarudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 8, No 2 (2019): Online Juni 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jka.v8i2.992
<![CDATA[Dermatofitosis adalah penyakit akibat kolonisasi jamur dermatofit dengan agen penyebab terbanyak yaitu jamur Trichophyton rubrum. Daun kesum (Polygonum minus Huds.) mengandung senyawa-senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dapat digunakan sebagai antijamur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan efek ekstrak etanol daun kesum sebagai antifungi terhadap Trichophyton rubrum, menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun kesum yang efektif sebagai antifungi dan menentukan diameter zona hambatan ekstrak etanol daun kesum terhadap Trichophyton rubrum. Metodologi penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental murni. Analisis fitokimia pada daun kesum menggunakan uji KLT. Aktivitas antifungi diuji dengan metode difusi cakram. Itrakonazol digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan DMSO 10% digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian pada skrining fitokimia didapatkan flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, terpenoid, dan fenol. Ekstrak etanol daun kesum memiliki aktivitas antifungi pada konsentrasi 5%; 10%; 20%; 40%; 80%. Respon hambatan yang terbentuk yaitu pada konsentrasi 5% dengan kategori hambatan sedang (9 mm); konsentrasi 10% dengan kategori sedang (9,75 mm); konsentrasi 20% dengan kategori kuat (14 mm); konsentrasi 40% dengan kategori kuat (15 mm); dan konsentrasi 80% dengan kategori sangat kuat (21 mm). Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu ekstrak etanol daun kesum memiliki aktivitas antifungi terhadap Trichophyton rubrum dan konsentrasi yang efektif yaitu 20%.]]>
<![CDATA[Aktivitas antibakteri metabolit sekunder isolat bakteri endofit kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) terhadap Propionibacterium acnes ]]>
<![CDATA[Patrio Victorianus Baraga]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahyarudin Mahyarudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Ambar Rialita]]>
<![CDATA[ Bioma : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11 No. 1: April 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas PGRI Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.26877/bioma.v11i1.10558
<![CDATA[ABSTRAKPropionibacterium acnes merupakan penyebab utama terjadinya acne vulgaris. Pengobatan tanda, gejala, dan kekambuhan acne vulgaris cukup sulit dikarenakan P. acnes yang resisten dengan antibakteri seperti golongan linkosamida. Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) mempunyai senyawa aktif kurkumin yang merupakan polifenol alami dengan sifat antibakteri terhadap P. acnes. Bakteri endofit yang diisolasi dari suatu tanaman dapat menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang sama dengan tanaman aslinya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri metabolit sekunder endofit kunyit terhadap P. acnes. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif yaitu isolat bakteri endofit kunyit diujikan dengan metode difusi cakram terhadap P. acnes. Isolat yang paling berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakterisasi morfologi koloni, morfologi sel, biokimia dan dilakukan uji senyawa metabolit sekunder dengan menggunakan metode Ciulei. Sebanyak 12 dari 17 isolat memiliki aktivitas terhadap P. acnes dengan diameter zona hambat terbedar yaitu 21,2 mm dengan kode isolat H5. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa H5 memiliki kemiripan dengan genus Bacillus. Hasil uji metabolit menunjukkan bahwa senyawa antibakteri yang dihasilkan isolat H5 yaitu saponin, terpenoid dan flavanoid. Bakteri endofit tanaman kunyit memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri P. acnes. Kata kunci: antibakteri; bakteri endofit; Curcuma longa L.; Propionibacterium acnes. ABSTRACTAntibacterial activity of secondary metabolites of endophytic bacterial isolated from tumeric (Curcuma longa L.) against Propionibacterium acnes. Propionibacterium acnes is the main cause of acne vulgaris. Treatment to control the signs, symptoms, and recurrence of acne vulgaris is not easy due to its resistance to antibacterials such as linkosamide group. Turmeric (C. longa L.) has an active compound, curcumin, the main natural polyphenol which has antibacterial properties against P. acnes. Endophytic bacteria isolated from plant can produce same secondary metabolites with the host plant. The study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of turmeric bacterial endophytes secondary metabolites against P. acnes. The research was descriptive research where endophytic bacterial isolates of turmeric were tested by disk diffusion method against P. acnes. The most potential isolates with antibacterial activity was identified based on the characterization of colony morphology, cell morphology, biochemical tests and a secondary metabolic compound test used Ciulei method. A total of 12 from 17 isolates had activity against P. acnes with the biggest inhibition zone is 21.2 mm with code H5. The identification results showed that H5 had similarities with the genus Bacillus. Metabolite test showed that the antibacterial compounds produced by H5 were saponins, terpenoids and flavonoids. The endophytic bacteria of turmeric plant has potential as an antibacterial against P. acnes. Keywords: antibacterial; endophytic bacteria; Curcuma longa L.; P. acnes.]]>
<![CDATA[Aktivitas antibakteri isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (Centella asiatica) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ]]>
<![CDATA[Sembodho Edi Kurniawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahyarudin Mahyarudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Ambar Rialita]]>
<![CDATA[ Bioma : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 10 No. 1: April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas PGRI Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.26877/bioma.v10i1.7140
<![CDATA[ABSTRAKAncaman global pada kasus Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) membutuhkan alternatif penanganan dengan tanaman obat tradisional. Bakteri endofit pada tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica) memiliki kemampuan menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder bersifat antibakteri yang serupa dengan tanaman inangnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (C. asiatica) terhadap S. aureus. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif yaitu isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (C. asiatica) diujikan dengan metode difusi cakram terhadap S. aureus. Isolat yang paling berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan uji metabolit untuk mengetahui senyawa antibakteri yang dihasilkan. Identifikasi bakteri endofit berdasarkan morfologi koloni, morfologi sel, dan uji biokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 2 dari 37 isolat memiliki aktivitas terhadap S. aureus dengan zona hambat sebesar 9,02 mm dan 15,9 mm. Isolat yang paling berpotensi memiliki aktivitas tertinggi yaitu isolat I2 dengan zona hambat sebesar 15,9 mm. Isolat I2 memiliki kemiripan dengan genus Bacillus dan kemampuan mengasilkan senyawa antibakteri seperti alkaloid, saponin dan terpenoid. Kata kunci: antibakteri; bakteri endofit; Centella asiatica; Staphylococcus aureus ABSTRACTAntibacterial activity of endophytic bacteria isolate from pegagan leaves (Centella asiatica) against Staphylococcus aureusThe global threat in the case of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) requires alternative treatment using traditional medicinal plants. Endophytic bacteria found in Pegagan plants (Centella asiatica) have ability to produce secondary metabolites with antibacterial capabilities similar to their host plants. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of endophytic bacterial isolates of Pegagan (C. asiatica) against S. aureus. This study is a descriptive research where endophytic bacterial isolates of Pegagan leaves (C. asiatica) were tested with disk diffusion method against S. aureus. The most potential isolates with antibacterial activity were performed metabolites test to determine the antibacterial compounds produced. Endophytic bacteria identification based on colony morphology, cell morphology and biochemical tests. The results showed that 2 out of 37 isolates had activity against S. aureus with inhibition zone of 9,02 mm and 15.9 mm. The most potential isolate that has highest activity was I2 isolate with inhibition zone of 15.9 mm. Isolate I2 has similarities with the genus Bacillus and the ability to produce antibacterial compounds such as alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids. Key words: antibacterial; Centella asiatica; endophytic bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus]]>
<![CDATA[AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ISOLAT BAKTERI ENDOFIT TANAMAN KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus ]]>
<![CDATA[Saskya Maulidya Astari]]>;
<![CDATA[Ambar Rialita]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahyarudin Mahyarudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia Vol 8, No 2 (2021): JURNAL FITOFARMAKA INDONESIA ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.33096/jffi.v8i2.644
<![CDATA[Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal bacterial of the body that can become pathogen at any time. Along with the increase of antibacterial resistant cases, it is necessary to explore the new potential metabolites as antibacterial. Endophytic bacteria that live on turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are thought to be able to produce secondary metabolites that are similar and even more varied than their host plants.To determine the antibacterial effect of secondary metabolite compounds of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) endophytic bacteria on Staphylococcus aureus. Endophytic bacterial isolates were subcultured on NA media with a streak plate method. Antibacterial activity test useds disk diffusion method. Potential endophytic bacterial isolates were characterized based on colony morphology, cell morphology and biochemical properties and secondary metabolite compounds produced are identified with a ciulei method. A total of 17 endophytic bacterial isolates were successfully subcultured. All endophytic bacterial isolates had antibacterial activity range from 7.4-13.76 mm. One of the most potential isolates was M8 isolate which had similarity with a genus Pseudomonas. The secondary metabolites that was produced bt M8 isolates were alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins. The most potential endophytic bacteria as antibacterial belong to the genus Pseudomonas and had alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins.]]>
<![CDATA[Uji aktivitas antijamur ekstrak etanol eleutherine americana. merr. terhadap trichophyton tonsurans secara in vitro ]]>
<![CDATA[Ledi RN Sulistyawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Diana Natalia]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahyarudin Mahyarudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 41, No 1 (2018): Published in January 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.22338/mka.v41.i1.p22-31.2018
<![CDATA[Dermatofitosis adalah infeksi pada epidermis kulit, rambut dan kuku disebabkan oleh jamur dermatofita. Salah satu spesies dermatofita yang tersebar di seluruh dunia yaitu Trichophyton tonsurans. Eleutherine americana. Merr. dipercaya memiliki kemampuan untuk mengobati penyakit kulit. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak dan mengetahui aktivitas anti jamur ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak terhadap pertumbuhan Trichophyton tonsurans. Metode: Ekstraksi umbi bawang Dayak menggunakan metode maserasi dengan etanol 96% sebagai pelarut. Analisis metabolit sekunder ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis. Uji aktivitas anti jamur ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer. Variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak 60%, 30%, 15%, 7,5% dan 3,75%. Kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah itrakonazol 8 µg/disk sedangkan kontrol negatif yang digunakan Tween-80 10%. Hasil: Analisis senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak didapatkan kuinon, alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid dan triterpenoid. Ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak tidak membentuk zona hambat terhadap Trichophyton tonsurans. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak tidak memiliki aktivitas anti jamur terhadap Trichophyton tonsurans.]]>
