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ANALISIS DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN TYPHOID FEVER DI RUMAH SAKIT X MEDAN Afifah, Puan Ibni; Sari, Syilvi Rinda; Lubis, Minda Sari; Yuniarti, Rafita
PREPOTIF : JURNAL KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT Vol. 8 No. 3 (2024): DESEMBER 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/prepotif.v8i3.35298

Abstract

Demam tifoid (tipes) adalah suatu penyakit sistemik yang bersifat akut disebabkan oleh bakteri salmonella typhii. Berdasarkan data dari World Health Organization tahun 2019 terdapat 9 juta kasus demam tifoid setiap tahunnya, tingginya prevalensi kejadian demam tifoid serta dampak yang ditimbulkannya membawa akibat pada tingginya konsumsi obat. Kebutuhan antibiotik di rumah sakit yang meningkat tajam, hal ini memunculkan permasalahan pengobatan yaitu kejadian DRPs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kejadian Drug Related Problems terhadap kondisi pasien demam tifoid di Rumah Sakit X Medan. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif non eksperimental dengan menggunakan desain penelitian yang bersifat cross sectional. Pengambilan data secara retrospektif melalui penelusuran rekam medik pasien demam tifoid di Rumah Sakit X Medan. Pada penelitian ini memakai beberapa pengujian meliputi karakteristik pasien, jenis antibiotik yang dipakai, penggunaan obat rasional (POR), dan DRPs pasien demam tifoid. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa karakteristik pasien demam tifoid diperoleh sejumlah 200 pasien, untuk pemilihan antibiotik yang paling banyak dipakai golongan sefalosporin yaitu obat ceftriaxone sebanyak 867 obat, untuk POR yang kategori tepat diagnosa 189 dan tidak tepat diagnosa 11 pasien, untuk tepat indikasi penyakit 196 dan yang tidak tepat 4 pasien, hasil identifikasi DRPs yaitu terapi obat yang tidak perlu & tidak efektif (8,16%), terapi obat tambahan (38,78%), reaksi obat yang merugikan diantaranya efek samping obat (16,33%) dan interaksi obat (36,73%). Farmasis berkontribusi dalam penyelesaian masalah yang berkaitan dengan manajemen terapi antibiotik pada pasien demam tifoid sehingga pengobatan menjadi optimal.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL, FRAKSI POLAR, SEMI POLAR DAN NONPOLAR DAUN SIRIH CINA (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) DENGAN METODE DPPH Nurliansyah, Nurliansyah; Ridwanto, Ridwanto; Dalimunthe, Gabena Indrayani; Yuniarti, Rafita
Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): DESEMBER 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jkt.v5i4.34627

Abstract

Daun sirih cina (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) secara tradisional digunakan sebagai obat, untuk mengurangi nyeri rematik dan rematik gout. Sirih Cina memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, dan steroid. Terdapat senyawa antioksidan yang berfungsi sebagai penangkal dan dapa menstabilkan radikal bebas. Antioksidan bekerja dengan melindungi dari kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas. Senyawa antioksidan alami sering terdapat dari bagian-bagian tanaman seperti daun, bunga, dan buah. Metode yang paling sering digunakan untuk menguji aktivitas antioksidan tanaman obat adalah metode uji dengan menggunakan radikal DPPH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi aktivitas antioksidan esktrak etanol, dan fraksi polar, semi polar dan nonpolar daun sirih cina (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) dengan metode Dpph. Penelitian ini meliputi daun sirih cina dilakukan maserasi dengan methanol 96% selama 5 hari dan remaserasi 2 hari. Ekstrak kental dilakukan fraksinasi dengan pelarut air, n-heksan dan etil asetat .Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan DPPH (1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) Dengan mengukur aktivitas antioksidan terhadap radikal bebas Dpph secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil dari uji aktifitas antioksidan fraksi daun sirih cina dengan metode dpph memilki kategori yang sangat kuat dengan aktivitas nilai IC50 pada fraksi air sebesar40,71525µg/ml, fraksi etil asetat memiliki kekuatan sangat kuat dengan kategorisebesar 6,17085µg/ml, dan fraksi n-Heksan memiliki kekuatan sangat kuat dengan kategori sebesar 23,8421 µg/ml. Senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat dalam daun sirih cina (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) yang berasal dari kecamatan kota medan adalan flavonoid,alkaloid, saponin, tanin, glikosida dan steroid/terpenoid.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK ETANOL, FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAN N HEKSAN DAUN KUPU-KUPU (BAUHINIA PURPUREA L.) TERHADAP MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN Siregar, Rina Paramitha; Nasution, Muhammad Amin; Lubis, Minda Sari; Yuniarti, Rafita
Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): DESEMBER 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jkt.v5i4.35864

Abstract

Salah satu penyakit yang menyebabkan kematian terbesar di dunia adalah Diabetes Melitus (DM) yaitu berada di posisi ke-6 diantara penyakit lain, Indonesia menjadi negara dengan jumlah penderita DM di dunia posisi ke-6. Salah satu alternatif terapi yang memiliki efek samping lebih sedikit dan aman ialah pengobatan dengan bahan alam Tanaman yang diduga mempunyai khasiat sebagai penurun glukosa darah ialah tanaman kupu-kupu (Bauhinia purpurea L.) karena mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin dan glikosida yang dapat berfungsi sebagai antidiabetes. Penelitian ini meliputi karakterisasi simplisia, skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antidiabetes. Aktivitas antidiabetes ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat daun kupu-kupu (Bauhinia purpurea L.) pada mencit putih jantan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode uji induksi aloksan secara intraperitonial. Kelompok Na-CMC 0,5%, kelompok glibenklamid 0,01%. Ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat  yang diberikan secara oral dengan dosis 200 mg/kgBB dan 400 mg/kgBB. Data hasil penelitian di analisis secara ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) menggunakan uji Duncan. Hasil karakteristik simplisia daun bakung diperoleh kadar air 9,88%, kadar sari larut dalam air 17,02%, kadar sari larut dalam etanol 6,78%, kadar abu total 13,09%, dan kadar abu tidak larut asam 0,34%. Hasil skrining fitokimia simplisia dan ekstrak etanol daun bakung menunjukkan adanya alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid/triterpenoid. Uji efek antidiabetes menggunakan mencit putih yang dibagi dalam 8 kelompok. Dari uji yang telah dilakukan kelompok fraksi etil asetat dengan dosis 400 mg/kg BB yang memberikan efek yang lebih baik dibanding kontrol positif (Glibenklamid) dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah pada mencit. 
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extracts of N-hexane and Ethyl Acetate Fractions from Nutmeg Leaves (Myristica fragrans) on Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes Sunita, Della; Mambang, D Elysa Putri; Pulungan, Ainil Fithri; Yuniarti, Rafita
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i1.61

Abstract

Nutmeg leaves (Myristica fragrans) have been known as a traditional medicinal plant with properties as a pain reliever, anti-inflammatory, digestive and respiratory smoothener, and antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of nutmeg leaves against Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes. Ethanol extract of nutmeg leaves was made by maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent and fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Antibacterial activity test against Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes was carried out using the agar diffusion method. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of nutmeg leaf extract produced a larger inhibition zone diameter compared to the n-hexane fraction of nutmeg leaf extract, which was 16.6 mm at a concentration of 50% for Shigella dysenteriae bacteria and 18.1 mm at a concentration of 50% for Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria, which was classified as moderate. Based on this study, the ethyl acetate fraction of nutmeg leaf extract had the best antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes.
Formulation of Transparent Solid Soap Using Aloe Vera Leaf Flesh (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.) as Antioxidant Ritonga, Oktavia; Lubis, Minda Sari; Dalimunthe, Gabena Indrayani; Yuniarti, Rafita
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i2.75

Abstract

Aloe vera is a plant whose components have many benefits, aloe vera also functions as an antioxidant that can ward off free radicals. The purpose of this study was to determine transparent soap with variations in aloe vera concentration that meet the physical quality of transparent soap and to determine antioxidant activity after formulation. This research uses an experimental method. In this study, aloe vera was formulated in the form of transparent soap. The physical evaluation carried out includes organoleptic test, water content test, pH test, foam height test and antioxidant activity test. Based on the results of the study it is known that. Antioxidant activity test of aloe vera leaf meat has antioxidant activity classified as moderate with IC50 108 µg/ml, while the activity of transparent soap using aloe vera has antioxidant activity classified as very weak with IC50 obtained for F0 of 980.2290, F1: 482.3775, F2: 464.7310, F3: 407.5596 µg/ml. The conclusion of this study is that transparent soap using aloe vera meets the requirements of visual quality evaluation according to SNI and has antioxidant activity with a very weak category.
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN VITAMIN A, IMUNISASI DAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP KEJADIAN STUNTING DI UPTD PUSKESMAS BANDA RAYA Zhafirah, Rana; Sari, Syilvi Rinda; Yuniarti, Rafita; Nasution, Muhammad Amin
PREPOTIF : JURNAL KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): APRIL 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/prepotif.v9i1.35862

Abstract

Di Indonesia masalah gizi pada anak balita merupakan masalah yang menjadi topik utama yang membutuhkan perhatian besar dari berbagai pihak. Salah satu permasalahan gizi yang menjadi topik utama di Indonesia adalah stunting. Stunting menjadi salah satu permasalahan gizi yang serius bagi anak anak di Indonesia. Stunting ialah kondisi dimana tinggi badan anak lebih pendek dibandingkan anak pada usia yang sama, atau dengan kata lain tinggi badannya lebih rendah dari standar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemberian vitamin A dan imunisasi pada anak stunting, serta mengetahui upaya pencegahan kejadian stunting pada anak dan Untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan orang tua terhadap kejadian anak stunting. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif non eksperimental dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 201 anak usia 24-59 bulan di UPTD puskesmas Banda Raya, terdiri dari 74 anak dengan kelompok stunting dan 127 anak kelompok nonstunting. Pengambilan data secara retropektif, menggunakan data primer dan sekunder, dimana data primer data yang di peroleh dari kuesioner penelitian. Data sekunder dalam penelitian ini adalah data yang diperoleh dari buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA). Data dianalisis menggunakan spss. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat adanya hubungan antara pemberian vitamin A, imunisasi dan Tingkat pengetahuan orang tua terhadap kejadian anak stunting. Dimana hasil dari uji chi square pada pemberian vitamin A imunisasi dan Tingkat pengetahuan orang tua didapatkan nilai p value = 0.001 (p < 0.05) yang berarti terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pemberian vitamin A dan imunisasi terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita di UPTD puskesmas Banda Raya.
Transparent Soap Formulation from Soursop Fruit Juice (Annona muricata L.) as a Skin Moisturizer Maysarah, Aulya; Yuniarti, Rafita
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i2.78

Abstract

Transparent soap preparation formulation from soursop fruit juice (Annona muricata L.) as a skin moisturizer has been carried out. Soursop fruit juice is known to have a high polyphenol compound content and contains a lot of vitamin C which has antioxidant activity. Transparent soap formulation uses soursop fruit juice with concentrations of 20, 30, and 40. Evaluation of transparent soap formulation includes organoleptic tests, water content, foam height, irritation, humidity and preference or hedonic. The results of the moisture test on the blank obtained a difference of 0.66%, while in formula I there was a difference of 4.33%, in formula II there was a difference of 5%, and in formula III there was a difference of 8.66%. The results of the moisture test on the skin showed that the highest humidity was obtained in the formula with a concentration of 40% there was a difference of 8.66%. Transparent soap from soursop fruit juice in the water content test, foam height, and pH test had results that met the requirements according to SNI (Indonesian National Standard). The conclusion of this study is that soursop juice can be formulated into transparent soap and meets SNI requirements.
Foot Gel Mask from Aloe Vera Leaf Flesh (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.): Formulation and Evaluation Nurfadilla, Kiki; Lubis, Minda Sari; Dalimunthe, Gabena Indrayani; Yuniarti, Rafita
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i2.81

Abstract

Formulation and evaluation of a gel foot mask preparation from aloe vera leaf flesh (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.) have been carried out. The secondary metabolite content of aloe vera leaf flesh was identified through phytochemical screening. The formulation of the gel foot mask was carried out by varying the concentration of aloe vera leaf flesh by 2.5%, 5%, and 10%. Evaluation of the physical quality of the gel mask preparation included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH of the preparation, spreadability, adhesiveness, drying time of the preparation, viscosity, and exfoliation test. The results of phytochemical screening showed that aloe vera leaf flesh contains flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Evaluation of physical quality showed that the gel mask has characteristics and meets the standards of a good gel mask preparation. The exfoliation test of the gel mask showed a good effect on the skin, namely increased skin moisture and good skin elasticity after using a gel foot mask from aloe vera leaf flesh with an effective increase in the 10% formulation. The higher the concentration of the preparation, the better the exfoliator effectiveness.
Translucent Solid Soap Preparation from Turmeric Rhizome Juice (Curcuma domestica Val.): Formulation and Physical Characterization Aulia, Meisyah; Lubis, Minda Sari; Dalimunthe, Gabena Indrayani; Yuniarti, Rafita
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i2.82

Abstract

The formulation and physical characterization of translucent solid soap preparations from turmeric rhizome juice (Curcuma domestica Val.) have been carried out. The manufacture of translucent soap was carried out by varying the concentration of turmeric rhizome juice from 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% into the soap formula. The multi-physical tests of translucent soap preparations included organoleptic tests, pH tests, water content tests, foam stability height tests, irritation tests and preference tests. The obtained turmeric rhizome squeezed translucent soap had good characteristics and met the requirements as translucent soap because it had good hardness, appropriate water content, pH between 9-11, and good foam stability. The results of the skin irritation test of soap preparations of all concentration variations did not find any side effects in the form of redness, itching and roughness on the volunteer's skin so that all soap preparations with various comparisons were safe to use. The results of the preference test which included color, translucency, texture and aroma showed that on average the panelists liked the soap preparation with a turmeric rhizome juice concentration of 2%.
Manufacturing Transparent Soap from Tomato Juice (Solanum lycopersicum L.) as a Skin Moisture Aliza, Ulfa; Yuniarti, Rafita
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i2.83

Abstract

Transparent soap is soap that has the highest level of transparency, capable of producing softer foam on the skin. Transparent soap is often referred to as glycerin soap, because in the process of making transparent soap, about 10-15% glycerin is added. The attractive appearance of transparent soap is luxurious and classy, causing transparent soap to be sold at a relatively higher price. Tomatoes are one of the best sources for lycopene production, lycopene has potential as an antioxidant and free radical scavenger so it is very beneficial for human skin health. The purpose of this study was to formulate a transparent soap from tomato juice as a skin protecting property and can moisturize the skin. The method used in this research is experimental method. Transparent soap formulation using tomato juice with a concentration of 20%, 30%, 40%. Evaluation of the transparent bath soap formulation includes organoleptic tests, water content, foam height, pH, irritation, humidity and hedonic preferences The results of the moisture test on the blank obtained a difference with a value of 0.66%, whereas in formula I there was a difference of 3.66%, in formula II there was a difference of 5.33%, and in formula III there was a difference of 8%. The results of the moisture test on the skin showed that the highest moisture was found in the formula with a concentration of 40%, there was a difference of 8%. Tomato essence transparent soap on the test for water content, foam height, and pH test has results that meet the requirements according to SNI (Indonesian National Standard). The conclusion from this study is that tomato juice can be formulated into transparent soap and meets SNI requirements.