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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Media Gizi dan Keluarga Jurnal Sain Veteriner Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan Berkala Perikanan Terubuk Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) agriTECH Warta IHP (Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian) INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) Indonesian Food Science and TechnologyJournal JURNAL PANGAN Agroteknika Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Canrea Journal: Food Technology, Nutritions, and Culinary Journal World Nutrition Journal Narra J Jurnal Info Sains : Informatika dan Sains Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research)

MADE ASTAWAN

Department Of Food Science And Technology, Faculty Of Agricultural Engineering And Technology, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

Author-ID : 235630

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Physicochemical Characterization And Antioxidant Potential Of Powder Drink With The Combination Of Dayak Onion (Eleutherine Palmifolia) And Tempe Tika Pratiwi Khumairoh; Astawan, Made; Prangdimurti, Endang
Jurnal Info Sains : Informatika dan Sains Vol. 14 No. 03 (2024): Informatika dan Sains , Edition July - September 2024
Publisher : SEAN Institute

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Antioxidants play an important role in protecting body health. Sources of natural antioxidants that have not been widely developed are dayak onion and tempe. This research aims to evaluate the antioxidant properties and physicochemical quality characteristics of dayak onion powder dried using the spray dryer (SD) and fluidized bed dryer (FBD) methods and the best combination with tempe powder to produce drink powder. Specifically, this research examines the antioxidant capacity (IC50), total flavonoid content, and color characteristics of dayak onion powder dried using SD and FBD, analyzed with the Independent Sample T-test. The best product of dayak onion powder was dried using FBD instrument and obtained an IC50 antioxidant capacity of 9.16 ± 0.0a ppm, total flavonoids of 6.14 ± 0.04a mgQE/g, whiteness level of 60.6 ± 0 .13b, brightness of 65.3 ±0.16b, a+ of 13.5±0.10a, and b+ of 13.13±0.08b. Dayak onion powder was combined with tempe powder to produce a drink powder, which was evaluated for its physicochemical characteristics using the RAL method and Duncan's test. The best combination of powdered drink products is 40% dayak onion powder + 50% tempe powder, has an IC50 antioxidant capacity (662.95 ± 0.03c ppm) and total flavonoids (4.74 ± 0.04c mgQE/g), with chemical characteristics quality requirements Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7612-2011): protein (32.02±0.35b %w/w), moisture (6.55±0.01b %w/w), ash (1.80±0, 00b %w/w), fat (17.32±0.01b %w/w), aw (0.23±0.01ab) and physical characteristics: viscosity (15.017±0.04b cP), solubility index (9.771 ±0.07b g/ml), bulk density (0.7145±0.00b g/ml) and sedimentation index (9.515±0.18b%).

The Effect of Sacha Inchi Tempe on Blood Glucose, HOMA-IR, and TNF-ɑ in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome Setyawati, Amalia Rani; Anjani, Gemala; Mahati, Endang; Afifah, Diana Nur; Syauqy, Ahmad; Astawan, Made; Rahmawati, Irma Sarita
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 19 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2024.19.2.97-106

This research aimed to evaluate the impact of sacha inchi tempe (Plukenetia volubilis L.) on Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-ɑ) levels. In addition, metabolic syndrome was induced in 36 male Wistar rats aged 2 months at 150–200 g weight by giving a High-Fat High-Fructose diet (HFFD) for 2 weeks. The extract was administered through oral gavage in dose-dependent manner and rats were allocated into 6 groups, namely: 1). Normal control or K0; 2). Negative control or K-; 3). Positive control or K+ with 0.18 mg/200 g BB of simvastatin; 4). Intervention with 0.9 g sacha inchi tempe or P1; 5). Intervention with 1.8 g sacha inchi tempe or P2, and; 6). Intervention with 3.6 g sacha inchi tempe or P3. Meanwhile, normal chow rats were used and served as the control group. After 2 and 5 weeks of induction and intervention, blood was drawn to determine FBG. Blood insulin was examined after 5 week of intervention. Rats were euthanized at the end of the intervention for hepatic TNF-α analysis before calculating HOMA-IR. The result showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in FBG, HOMA-IR and hepatic TNF-α levels after sacha inchi tempe treatment. Rats receiving the highest dose of sacha inchi tempe had the most significant reduction (p<0.05) in FBG, HOMA-IR and hepatic TNF-α, when compared to simvastatin group. Therefore, sacha inchi tempe could attenuate glycemic and inflammation profiles in metabolic syndrome.

Potential of soybean-velvet bean combination tempe in improving cognitive function Astawan, Made; Damayanti, Aprilia F.; Wresdiyati, Tutik; Afifah, Diana N.; Rahmawati, Irma S.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1365

Velvet bean is a native Indonesian legume containing L-dopa, yet it remains underutilized. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of different types of tempe (soybean, velvet bean, and their combination) on cognitive function, brain histology, dopamine levels, and serum β-amyloid in rats, as well as to identify the parameters most influencing cognitive function, including brain mass and volume, hippocampal neuron count, and dopamine and β-amyloid levels. An experimental study was conducted using a completely randomized design with one factor: the protein source of diet. Five rat groups were included based on protein sources: non-protein, casein control, soybean tempe flour, velvet bean tempe flour, and a combination of soybean and velvet bean tempe flour. This study examined cognitive performance by measuring maze completion time, while brain mass and volume, hippocampus histology for neuron cell counts in the dentate gyrus section, cornu ammonis 1 (CA1), and cornu ammonis 3 (CA3), brain dopamine and β-amyloid serum levels were measured after eight weeks of intervention. Our data indicated that rats deprived of protein had significantly slower maze completion times (p<0.001), underscoring the importance of protein in cognitive processes. Rats treated with non-protein rations had significantly lighter brain masses (p<0.001) than other treatments. Histological analysis of the hippocampus showed that the three types of tempe rations helped maintain the number and density of neuron cells in the dentate gyrus and CA3 of the hippocampus. Additionally, the protein in the ration could increase dopamine levels and suppress serum β-amyloid levels. There was a strong correlation between brain volume and neuron cell density in the dentate gyrus section of the hippocampus with cognitive function. These results highlight the promising role of combination tempe in increasing cognitive function, brain mass and volume, dopamine levels, and suppressing serum β-amyloid.

A Nutritional, Physicochemical, and Sensory Evaluation of Tempe Combination from Cowpea and Soybean Sundari, Fitria Suci; Khoirunnisa, Khoirunnisa; Prayudani, Ayu Putri Gitanjali; Wulandari, Nur; Syukur, Muhamad; Astawan, Made
Indonesian Food Science and Technology Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Volume 8 Number 1, December 2024 |IFSTJ|
Publisher : Department of Technology of Agricultural product (THP) Jambi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/ifstj.v8i1.36386

Tempe is a traditional Indonesian food typically made from soybeans fermented by the mold Rhizopus spp. Indonesia heavily relies on imported soybeans, and substituting soybeans with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) could reduce this dependency while promoting local raw materials. This study aimed to develop an optimal tempe formula combining cowpea and soybean, ensuring quality parameters comparable to conventional soybean tempe (the gold standard). Formula optimization was conducted using response surface methodology, facilitated by Design Expert 12 software. The recommended optimal formula consists of 30% cowpea and 70% soybean, achieving a desirability value of 0.87. This formulation resulted in tempe with L* (brightness), a* (red-green), b* (yellow-blue), hardness, water activity, and pH values that were not significantly different from those of soybean tempe. The proximate composition of the optimally formulated tempe complies with the quality standards of SNI 3144:2015, with moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents of 60.28, 0.64, 10.28, 17.67, and 11.67% respectively. Sensory evaluation using a 1-7 hedonic scale (ranging from "very dislike" to "very like") on fresh and fried tempe from the optimal combination indicates that attributes such as color, aroma, texture, and overall acceptability fall within the range of "somewhat liked" to "like" by consumers. The favorable reception of the soybean-cowpea tempe suggests its potential for reducing soybean imports by substituting 30% of the soybean with cowpea.

Effects of Sacha Inchi Tempeh on Oxidative Stress in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome Nafisah; Anjani, Gemala; Afifah, Diana Nur; Syauqy, Ahmad; Mahati, Endang; Astawan, Made; Rahmawati, Irma Sarita
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2024.011.02.1

Metabolic syndrome is a condition caused by metabolic disorders such as overweight, obesity, physical inactivity, and genetic factors. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in metabolic syndrome causes oxidative stress, characterized by decreased antioxidant capacity, increased malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. Sacha inchi has a high alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) content, tocopherols, and antioxidants that can help protect liver tissue from damage caused by oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate how sacha inchi tempeh affects the levels of MDA, SOD enzyme, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in Wistar rats with metabolic syndrome induced by a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD). The study used a true experimental pre-and post-control group design on rats with the intervention of sacha inchi tempeh (0.9 g, 1.8 g, 3.6 g) for 5 weeks (35 days). The ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method with the FineTest procedure was used to measure levels of TAC, MDA, and SOD enzymes. The results of paired T-tests showed a significant difference in TAC levels before and after the intervention in the intervention group compared to the healthy group (p<0.05). MDA and SOD enzyme levels in rat liver tissue also improved significantly (p<0.05). Compared to simvastatin medication therapy, sacha inchi tempeh at a dose of 3.6 g had the best results. Therefore, sacha inchi tempeh is beneficial as a nutraceutical meal in reducing oxidative stress in individuals suffering from metabolic syndrome.

Effects of Sacha Inchi Tempeh on Oxidative Stress in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome Afifah, Diana Nur; Nafisah; Anjani, Gemala; Syauqy, Ahmad; Mahati, Endang; Astawan, Made; Rahmawati, Irma Sarita
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): In Press
Publisher : Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Metabolic syndrome is a condition caused by metabolic disorders such as overweight, obesity, lack of physical activity, and genetic factors. Increased ROS production in metabolic syndrome causes oxidative stress characterized by decreased antioxidant capacity, increased MDA, and decreased SOD enzymes. Sacha inchi has a high ALA content that can increase omega-3 levels, tocopherols, and antioxidants that can help protect liver tissue from damage caused by oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome.The purpose of this study was to look at how sacha inchi tempeh affected the levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase enzyme, and overall antioxidant capacity in rats with metabolic syndrome brought on by a diet high in fat and fructose. The method used in the research is an experiment with a pre-and post-control group design on Wistar strain white rats with metabolic syndrome induced by HFFD, with the intervention of sacha inchi tempe (0.9 g; 1.8 g; 3.6 g) for 5 weeks (35 days). The results of the study with paired T-tests were that there was a significant difference in TAC levels before and after the intervention in the intervention group with a p-value of <0.05 compared to the healthy group. MDA and SOD enzyme levels in rat liver tissue also were significant improvement with a p-value of <0.05. When compared to simvastatin medication therapy, sacha inchi tempeh at a dose of 3.6 g had the best results. Therefore, it is established that sacha inchi tempeh is beneficial as a nutraceutical meal in reducing oxidative stress in individuals suffering from metabolic syndrome.

PERBAIKAN STATUS GIZI ANAK BALITA DENGAN INTERVENSI BISKUIT BERBASIS BLONDO, IKAN GABUS (Channa striata), DAN BERAS MERAH (Oryza nivara) Widodo, Slamet; Riyadi, Hadi; Tanziha, Ikeu; Astawan, Made
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 10 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to analyze the influence of blondo, snakehead fish flour and brown rice flour-based biscuit on the improvement of the nutritional status of anthropometric and serum albumin in malnourished children aged 3-5 years old. The design of this study was Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with single blind pre-post study. The total subjects were 50 underfive children and divided into two groups. They were given the biscuits for 90 days. Before intervention, the body weight and serum albumin level of subjects were measured. The analysis method were paired t-test. The result showed that the difference between baseline and endline in control group for energy was 20.8±3.9 kcal, treatment group was 45.6±8.6 kcal, endline in control group for protein was 9.5±1 g, and treatment group was 16.6±2.4 g. The changing of weight in the control group from 11.7±0.8 kg increase to 13.3±1.1 kg, the weight of treatment group from 11.7±0.7 kg increase to 13.6±1.0 kg. The increasing of albumin level in the control group was 0.3±0.1 g/dL, and treatment group was 1.0±0.2 g/dL. The increase of weight for age and albumin level after consuming nutritious biscuits can increase and normalize the nutritional status of the malnourished children. It is concluded that intervention of the formulated biscuits for 90 days could increase the nutritional status (weight for age and weight for height) and the serum albumin level in the 3-5 years old malnourished children.Keywords: albumin, biscuit, blondo, brown rice flour, malnutrition, snakehead fish flourABSTRAKTujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh biskuit berbasis blondo, ikan gabus (Channa striata), dan beras merah (Oryza nivara) terhadap perbaikan status gizi antropometri dan serum albumin anak gizi kurang usia 3-5 tahun. Desain penelitian Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) Single Blind Pre-post Study. Jumlah subjek 50 balita terbagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan biskuit selama 90 hari. Sebelum dan setelah intervensi dilakukan pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, dan kadar serum albumin. Metode analisis menggunakan paired t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perubahan asupan energi antara awal dan akhir masa perlakuan pada kelompok kontrol adalah energi 20,8+3,9 kkal, kelompok perlakuan 45,6+8,6 kkal, perbedaan asupan protein kelompok kontrol 9,5+1 g dan kelompok perlakuan 16,6+2,4 g. Perubahan berat badan kelompok kontrol 11,7+0,8 kg menjadi 13,3+1,1 kg, kelompok perlakuan 11,7+0,7 kg menjadi 13,6+1,0 kg. Peningkatan albumin kelompok kontrol 0,3+0,1 g/dL, kelompok perlakuan 1,0+0,2 g/dL. Peningkatan berat badan dan albumin setelah mengonsumsi biskuit mampu memperbaiki status gizi anak gizi kurang menjadi normal. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa intervensi formula biskuit selama 90 hari dapat meningkatkan status gizi BB/U, BB/TB, dan kadar serum albumin anak gizi kurang usia 3-5 tahun.Kata kunci: albumin, biskuit, blondo, gizi kurang, tepung beras merah, tepung ikan gabus

KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA TEPUNG TEMPE KECAMBAH KEDELAI Astawan, Made; Wresdiyati, Tutik; Ichsan, Muhammad
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : The Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia in collaboration with the Department of Community Nutrition, IPB University

This research was conducted to compare physicochemical characteristics of germinated soybean tempe flour (GST flour) and soybean tempe flour (ST flour). Soybean was germinated within 28 hours and then processed into tempe. Germinated soybean tempe and soybean tempe were freeze-dried for 26 hours, and then milled into GST flour and ST flour. The GST flour and ST flour were used for physical and chemical analysis. The used of germinated soybean was proven to affect the quality of flour. GST flour had 53.37 % db protein, 24.97 mg AEAC antioxidant capacity/100 g tempe, 5.08 mg tocopherol/100 g db, 81.75 mg isoflavone/100 g db, and minerals (Ca, P, Fe, Zn) which were higher than that of the ST flour. GST flour also had better quality than that of ST flour, in term of: higher bulk density (0.42 g/ml), lower water activity (0.63), and lower repose angle (39.94o).Keywords: chemical characteristic, germinated soybean tempe, physical characteristic, soybean tempe

Instant Porridge Formulation Based on Cassava Flour and Tempe Flour Composite for Children Utami, Sri Inten; Astawan, Made; Muhandri, Tjahja
Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Mutu Pangan
Publisher : Department of Food Science and Technology (ITP), Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) in collaboration with the Indonesian Food and Beverage Association (GAPMMI), the National Agency of Drug and Food Control, and th

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jmpi.2025.12.1.66

Improving the nutrition of affordable and economically weaning food is an effective strategy to prevent stunting in children. Cassava, as a source of carbohydrates, and tempe, as a source of protein, when processed into composite flour, have the potential to serve as key ingredients in instant weaning food. This study was conducted in two stages. The first stage involved preparing the raw materials by making composite flour. The formula optimization process was carried out using a mixed experiment optimization method and D-optimal design to identify the best formula. The formula was selected based on predetermined response measurements, including maximum protein content, viscosity within the desired range, rehydration power within range, and appropriate density. In the second stage, the selected formula was evaluated through analysis of its physicochemical properties, sensory attributes, and in vitro protein and starch quality. The optimization results indicated that the best cassava-tempe porridge (CTP) formula consisted of 24.58% tempe flour and 43.42% cassava flour (based on the total material). The nutritional composition (moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate content) and microbiological count (total plate count) were as follows: 3.27%, 3.39%, 8.29%, 18.74%, 66.31%, and 7.5×101 CFU/g, respectively. In terms of physical properties, CTP exhibited a viscosity of 2306.67 cP, rehydration power of 3.67 mL/g, density of 0.45 g/mL, and a color (L*) of 83.06. The starch and protein digestibility were 74.60% and 81.25%, respectively. The optimized CTP formula met the quality standards outlined in SNI 7111:2005 for instant powdered complementary foods for infants. The sensory evaluation revealed a hedonic score for the attributes of color (6.31), aroma (6.24), viscosity (6.46), taste (6.06), and overall acceptability (6.06), indicating that the product was well-liked.

KESESUAIAN KOMPOSISI GIZI DAN KLAIM KANDUNGAN GIZI PADA PRODUK MP-ASI BUBUK INSTAN DAN BISKUIT Agata Tantri Atmaja; Made Astawan; Nurheni Sri Palupi
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 40 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v40i2.7926.77-86

ABSTRACTComplementary food for breastfeeding period is known as one of the nutrition source for children aged 6 – 24 months old. However, nutritional content of complementary good has not been confirmed with international and national standard, yet, nutrition problems in Indonesia. This research on processed complementary food, aimed to confirmnutritional content with standard and identify the most frequently-appeared nutritional claims. There were nine samples of processed complementary food in a format of instant powder and five samples in a format of biscuit representing mereks and categories were in scope of this research. Conformity of nutritional content obtained from information on the label, were compared with international standard (Codex Alimentarius- CAC/GL 8-1991) and Indonesian National Standard (SNI 2005). According to this research, 88 percent of nutritional compositions in instant powder were conformed to Codex Alimentarius standard, however only 31 percent in biscuit were conformed to this international standard. On the comparison with Indonesian National Standard, 94 percent of nutritional content in instant powder were conformed to the standard and 86 percent of nutritional compositions in biscuit were also conformed to standard. The most frequently-apperead nutritional claims in the processed complementary food in scope were iron, calcium, protein, dietary fibre, and vitamin A. Three from five nutrients were closely relevant with current nutrition problem in Indonesia namely aenemia, protein/chronic energy deficiency, and vitamin A deficiency. ABSTRAKMakanan pendamping air susu ibu (MP-ASI) merupakan salah satu sumber zat gizi pada anak usia 6 – 24 bulan. Namun demikian, kandungan zat gizi pada MP-ASI belum dikonfirmasi dengan standar internasional serta nasional, serta permasalahan gizi di Indonesia.Penelitian produk MP-ASI pabrikan bertujuan untuk mengkonfirmasi kesesuaian kandungan gizi dengan standar dan mengidentifikasi klaim kandungan gizi yang paling banyak muncul. Sampel penelitian ini adalah sembilan sampel MP-ASI bubuk instan dan lima sampel biskuit yang dipilih secara purposif dan mewakili merek dagang dan jenisnya. Kesesuaian kandungan gizi diukur menggunakan informasi kandungan gizi yang terdapat pada label produk dan dibandingkan dengan standar internasional dari Codex Alimentarius (CAC/GL 8-1991) serta Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI MP-ASI 2005). Tingkat kesesuaian zat gizi pada MP-ASI bubuk instan dengan Codex Alimentarius mencapai 88 persen Sedangkan kesesuaian kandungan zat gizi pada MP-ASI biskuit dengan Codex Alimentarius hanya sekitar 31 persen. Jika dibandingkan dengan SNI baik untuk bubuk instan maupun biskuit, sebanyak 94 persen zat gizi pada MP-ASI bubuk instan dan 86 persen pada MP-ASI biskuit sudah memenuhi SNI. Klaim kandungan gizi dengan frekuensi kemunculan tertinggi berturut-turut pada MP-ASI bubuk instan dan biskuit adalah zat besi, kalsium, protein, serat pangan, dan vitamin A. Tiga dari lima zat gizi ini merupakan zat gizi yang berkaitan erat dengan masalah gizi yang ada di Indonesia yaitu Anemia, Kekurangan Energi Protein (KEP), dan Kekurangan Vitamin A (KVA).

Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abidah, Puri Adzrok Adurrasyid, Zaid Afifah, Diana N. Afrilia Sandra Ramadhani Agata Tantri Atmaja Ahmad Sulaeman Ahmad Syauqy Alamsah Firdaus Alfarisi, Hamzah Ali, Muhammad Saddam Amilia Dayatri Uray Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Ananda Putri Cahyani Ananda Putri Cahyani Andi Early Febrinda Ani Karmila Anjani, Gemala Ans Budi Hartanta Ansarullah, Alfia ANZS BUDY HARTANTA Arif - Hartoyo Arifin, Nurhayati Armando M Saragih Ati Widya Perana Aziz, Sandra Azra, Azka Lathifah Zahratu B.A. Susila Santosa Bambang Purwantara Bella Dinar Fauqii Cahyani Bernadetha Beatrix Sibarani Budi Setiawan C Hanny Wijaya Cahyani, Ananda Putri Chitisankul, Wanida T. Dadang Supriatna Dadang Supriatna Dadang Supriatna Dadi Hidayat Maskar, Dadi Hidayat Dahrulsyah - - Damayanti, Aprilia F. Damayanti, Aprilia Firdha Deddy - Muchtadi Deddy Muchtadi Deddy Muchtadi DEDDY MUCHTADI Deddy Muchtadi Deddy Muchtadi Deddy Muchtadi Diana Nur Afifah, Diana Nur Diini Fithriani Dini Wulan Dari Dodik Briawan Dwi Febiyanti - Dwi Utami, Septi Eiichiro Fukusaki Elis Nurhayati Endang Mahati Endang Prangdimurti Evy Damayanthi Fanie Herdiani Fithriani, Diini Fransiska R Zakaria Hadi Riyadi Hadi Susilo Arifin Hadiningtias, Primanisa Hamzah Alfarisi Hardinsyah Hazmi, Khaidar Herpandi . Hidayati, Mustika I Komang Gede Wiryawan Ichsani, Nadya Ikeu Tanziha Inas Suci Rahmawati Indira Saputra Intan Kusumawati Irma Isnafia Arief Isnafia Arief , Irma Istiqomah, Nurani Jefriaman Sirait Karnila, Rahman Karnila Ketut Adnyane Mudite Khaidar Hazmi koekoeh santoso Komang G Wiryawan Komari Komari Komari Komari Lasmiati, Ni Nengah Laut, Bimaris Tranoya Leonita Maulidyanti LUSIA YUNI HASTANTI Made Darawati Manalu, Johanes Marojahan Mardhiyyah, Yunita Siti Maryani Suwarno Maryani Suwarno Maryani Suwarno Maulidyanti, Leonita Muchtadi, Deddy Muhamad Firdaus Muhamad Firdaus Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Agus Muljanto Muhammad Aries Muhammad Ichsan Mursyid . Mursyid Mursyid Mustika Hidayati Nadya Ichsani Nafisah Nancy Dewi Yuliana Nasution, Zuraidah nFN Akhyar Ni Nengah Lasmiati Novita, Rias R. Nur Wulandari Nurhayati H.S. Arifin Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurhayati, Elis Nurina Rachma Adiningsih Palupi, Nurheni Sri Perana, Ati Widya Prasetyawati, Renny Candra Prayudani, Ayu P G Prayudani, Ayu P.G Prayudani, Ayu Putri Gitanjali Prima Yaumil Fajri Putri, Anisya Saeila Putri, Sastia P. Putri, Sastia Prama Putty Anggi Lestari Rachma Adiningsih, Nurina Rafidha Irdiani Rahmawati, Irma Sarita Rahmawati, Siti Irma Ramadhani, Afrilia Sandra Ramdhani, Rizal Pauzan Ratnaningsih Eko S. Renny Candra Prasetyawati Rimbawan , Rini Kesenja Rini Widyastuti Rita Khairina RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Rudy R Nitibaskara Sadiah, Siti Saithong, Pramuan Salsabila Salsabila Sam Herodian Sandra Arifin Aziz Saputra, Indira Saragih, Armando M SARASWATI SARASWATI Sarwono Waspadji Sarwono Waspadji Sarwono Waspadji Sastia Prama Putri Septi Dwi Utami Setyawati S Karyono Setyawati S. K. Setyawati S. Karyono Setyawati, Amalia Rani Sibarani, Bernadetha Beatrix Siti Harnina Bintari Siti Sa'diah Siti Sadiah Slamet Widodo Soewarno S Soekarto Soewarno Soekarto Sri Anna Marliyati Sri Rahmatul Laila Sri Widowati Sri Widowati Sugeng Heri Suseno Sukarno Sukarno Suliantari . Sundari, Fitria Suci Suratno, Yuhlanny Dewi Sussi Astuti Sutrisno Koswara Taopik Ridwan TATI NURHAYATI Tika Pratiwi Khumairoh Tita Aviana Tjahja Muhandri Tryas, Anisha Ayuning Tuti Wresdiyati Tutik Wresdiyati Utami, Sri Inten V Prihananto Vera Di Nurwati Winiati P. Rahayu Winiati Pudji Rahayu Wirawanti, Ika Wirya Wresdiyati, Tuti Yalmaida, Nabila Az Zahra Yana Nurdiana Yeni Setiorini Yeni Setiorini Yenni MS Nababan Yuhlanny Dewi Suratno Yuspihana Fitrial

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