Articles
Kebijakan Pemerintah Nepal dalam Menanggulangi Perdagangan Organ Tubuh Manusia dari Nepal ke India
Izazi Nur Shabrina;
Ika Riswanti Putranti;
Nadia Farabi
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v4i2.20332
Since 2007, The Government of Nepal has began implementing Human Trafficking andTransportation Control Act 2064 to curb organ trafficking. In reality, the policy is unableto contain organ trafficking from Nepal to India. Therefore, by using explanative method,this research aims to to analyze the causes of the crime. In order to analyze the cause oforgan trafficking from Nepal to India, this research will use the public policyimplementation framework from Donald Van Horn and Carl Van Meter. This study findsthat organ trafficking from Nepal to India still occured because of the unfulfillment of thefollowing factors; standards and objectives, policy resources, interorganizationalcommunication and enforcement activities, characteristics of implementing agencies,economic, social and political condition and the disposition of implementers, therefore thepolicy cannot work accordingly.
21. POLITIK PANGAN: HEGEMONI KOMODITAS PERTANIAN GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS AMERIKA SERIKAT DI DUNIA TAHUN 2011-2014
Faiz Balya Marwan;
Hermini Susiatiningsih;
Ika Riswanti Putranti
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v2i4.13590
Food sector particularly agricultural commodities is important for a country. Import is oneof the policy when there is food scarcity. The US is one of the importers of foodcommodities. Interesting to study US agricultural commodities given the GeneticallyModified Organisms which is still a debate about food safety. The research objective wasto determine the disclosure of US GMO agricultural commodities and whether USAIDbecame a tool of US hegemony to 41 countries in 2011-2014. This study uses the theory ofGramscian hegemony and neo-colonial dependency model Todaro and Smith withquantitative research methods. By this theory, the researchers will explain the USmeasures affecting food trade policy of developing countries. The results of this study arethe US does not do the classification of agricultural commodities. Pearson correlation testshowed strong positive correlation between the USAID Economic Development with theimport of agricultural commodities from the United States in Southeast Asia and thePacific. However, there is a significant correlation in South Asia, European non WesternEurope, the Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America and theCaribbean. Regression analysis showed two subsectors Economic Development weresignificant negative effect on imports of agricultural commodities from the US thatvariable private sector competitiveness and trade and Investment. While variableagriculture, economic opportunity, financial sector, infrastructure, and macroeconomicfoundation for growth is not significant. These findings indicate that the trade inagricultural commodities, USAID does not necessarily become a tool of US hegemony inthe country to increase imports of agricultural commodities. However, do not rule out thissubsector affect the import of commodities other than agricultural commodities.
Digital Citizenship: Pembatasan Dalam Biometrics Data Collection dan Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Penindasan Kaum Uighur di Xinjiang Oleh Pemerintah Tiongkok
Steven Theonald P. Siahaan;
Ika Riswanti Putranti;
Andi Akhmad Basith Dir
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 7, Nomor 3, Tahun 2021
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v7i3.31450
The use of technology to oppress individuals is not a new concept. With the emergence of personal computers and the transition from mass use of radio to television, authoritarian governments have use the technology as a means of spying on their citizens, and China has also become a place where technology are being used to ensure that citizens comply with standards set by an authoritarian government. The Uighurs in Xinjiang are a key example of how modern technology has helped facilitate human rights violations. The government has discriminated the Uighurs and put them in exile camps. Furthermore, the Chinese Government uses biometric data to discriminate the Uighurs, where the Government collects fingerprints, iris scans, put chips inside cellular devices, collect blood groups as well as DNA samples. What is done by the Chinese Government is considered to have violated human rights because it has collected biometric data and abused it for acts of discrimination. Moreover, this act of oppression causing them living life with fear, where they should be living with the freedom from fear. This research seeks to see why restrictions are needed in the practice of Biometrics Data Collection conducted by the Chinese Government. This study uses qualitative research methods with an explanatory method. This research uses the theory of human security, with further emphasizing the personal freedom, particularly the concept of freedom from fear. This research argues that these restrictions are needed and that the practice of collecting biometric data by the Chinese Government on Uighurs in Xinjiang is an act that is based on discrimination and constitutes an act of violation of human rights
Kerjasama Customs Indonesia-Malaysia dalam Menanggulangi Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas ke Indonesia
Ria Ariesti Br Sitepu;
Ika Riswanti Putranti
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v4i3.21064
Eventhough the Minister of Trade Regulation Number 51/M-DAG/PER/7/2015 has beenestablished, the rampant of smuggling on secondhand ballpress clothing still occurs.Smuggiling of ballpress secondhand clothing is banned in Indonesia because it impacts onIndonesia's economy and well-being of its society.The majority of smuggling of ballpresssecondhand clothing comes from Malaysia. That is why, the cooperation between DJBCand the Royal JKDM is important to handle this phenomenon. The method of this researchis a qualitative research, that explains about the actions between DJBC and JKDM.Futhermore, these actions are being analyzed to find the factors of smuggiling of ballpresssecondhand clothing that currently is still happening. To answer this issue is by usingInternational Cooperation Theory and Institutional Liberalism. Finally it has found that thecooperation between DJBC and JKDM not maximal on handling smuggling of ballpresssecondhand clothing in Indonesia. Between Indonesia and Malaysia have differentviewpoints and interests on secondhand clothing. Eventhough, the DJBC and JKDM stillupholds within ASEAN Agreement on Customs that leads both countries on exchanginginformation and also to bind their cooperation that is called, "Patkor Kastima" on handlingsmuggiling. Within this matter, it needs to stengthen their cooperation on exchanginginformation especially from the Royal Malaysian Customs Departement to the DirectorateGeneral of Customs and Excise to take its actions easier.
ANALISIS PERUBAHAN KEBIJAKAN INDONESIA TERHADAP ASEAN AGREEMENT ON TRANSBOUNDARY HAZE POLLUTION
Januar Aden Nugroho;
Ika Riswanti Putranti
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 4, Nomor 4, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v4i4.21886
This study discusses Indonesian policy towards the AATHP agreement. Since the first AATHP haze agreement was formed in 2002, the Government of Indonesia has refused to ratify the agreement for almost 12 years. However, in 2014 a policy change occurred, with the Indonesian Government finally ratifying the agreement. This policy change raises the question, why Indonesia finally changed its policy towards AATHP. In explaining this research, the author uses the framework of liberalism theory to answer changes in Indonesian policy towards AATHP. Liberalism considers that this policy change is caused by the support of actors in Indonesian domestic politics. These actors in the form of private groups, interested actors and individual actors have become their own causes in Indonesia's policy changes to AATHP. Private groups, individual actors in domestic politics and interest groups are key actors in influencing how the Indonesian government takes its decisions on the AATHP agreement. In addition, support from ASEAN countries as well as the existence of domestic political turmoil were also the cause of the Indonesian Government finally changing its policy towards the AATHP agreement.
Kerjasama Indonesia-Filipina dalam Menangani Pendanaan Terorisme Berbasis Money Laundering
Nelin Dias Pratiwi;
Ika Riswanti Putranti;
Marten Hanura
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8 Nomor 4, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i4.35450
Indonesia and the Philippines are two countries in Southeast Asia that have a fairly high terrorist presence. The acts of terrorism that occur cannot be separated from funding as a support for member training and the purchase of weapons (bombs). Funding is usually the result of money laundering, the flow of which must be cut off. Terrorists in Indonesia and the Philippines have close networks, both in terms of financing and purchasing weapons. Therefore, this crime needs to be eradicated through cooperation, considering that this crime is atransnational crime. Preventive efforts carried out by the two countries are cooperation through financial intelligence units, namely the Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center (PPATK) with the Anti Money Laundering Council (AMLC) and cooperation through financial institutions, namely Bank Indonesia (BI) with Banko Sentral Ng Philipinas (BSP). The purpose of this study is to describe the Indonesia-Philippines Cooperation in Handling Terrorism finacing based on Money Laundering. This research is a descriptive type of qualitative research and uses a congruent analysis technique. An international regime is defined as a set of principles or norms. This concept explains that the regime is defined as a set of principles, norms, rules and procedures for making either implicit or explicit. Even though the country is in a state of anarchy, cooperation can still be done. The results of this study are the existence of Cooperation between Indonesia and the Philippines through financial institutions as an anti-money laundering regime, terrorism financing crimes can be prevented and minimized, so that it also has an impact on reducing terrorism crimes. The suggestion for further research is that there is further research that discusses the opportunities and challenges in dealing with terrorism cases in the future, especially in terms of funding.
Penolakan Israel terhadap Bantuan Kemanusiaan WCC-EAPPI
Aviarma Yuanto;
Ika Riswanti Putranti
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 5, Nomor 1, Tahun 2019
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v5i1.22693
The World Council of Churches (WCC) is an institution that accommodates Christian unity throughout the world. WCC brings together churches, denominations and church fellowships in more than 110 countries and territories throughout the world, representing more than 500 million Christians. As a religious organization, WCC has a program that focuses on humanitarian assistance, named Ecumenical Accompaniment Program in Palestine and Israel (EAPPI). But since 2016, this WCC-EAPPI’s humanitarian assistance has been refused by Israel. This refusal resulted in many losses especially for conflict victims. This research aims to find out the reasons for Israel thatrefuses the existence of WCC-EAPPI humanitarian assistance. By using aspects of the humanitarian diplomacy concepts, it can be explained by the reason that Israel refused WCC-EAPPI humanitarian assistance. In this refusal, it is inseparable from the perspective, performance and principles of the WCC-EAPPI itself. The suitability of WCC-EAPPI activities with humanitarian diplomacy aspects deserves to be highlighted in explaining the refusal obtained from Israel
9. Dilema Hak Asasi Manusia Di Asia Tenggara: Ketiadaan Peran Asean dalam Kasus Perekrutan Tentara Anak di Myanmar dalam Perspektif English School
Alvian Rizky H;
Ika Riswanti Putranti;
Mohamad Rosyidin
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 3, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v3i1.14589
ASEAN as a regional organization of Southeast Asia is considered absent and did notcontribute in the case of child soldiers’ recruitment in Myanmar. ASEAN, which hashuman rights commission such as the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on HumanRights (AICHR) and the ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of theRights of Women and Children (ACWC), has failed in promoting the protection of humanrights and child rights in the case of child soldiers in Myanmar. The absence of ASEAN iscontradictory to the actions taken by UN, Human Rights Watch (HRW), Child SoldierInternational (CSI) and neighboring countries in preventing and stopping the recruitmentof child soldiers in Myanmar. This research is aimed to analyze the reason behind suchsituation. Based on the view of pluralist international society, the absence of ASEAN inchild soldiers’ case in Myanmar is caused by two main reasons. First, non-interferenceprinciple which is upheld by ASEAN to respect the sovereignty of Myanmar. Second,inability to reach consensus within ASEAN, while consensus itself is decision makingprinciple in ASEAN aimed to avoid any action which may compromise the sovereignty ofother member states. On the other hand, the opposite responses given by UN, NGOs andneighboring country of Myanmar can be viewed by solidarist international society, whichargued that such actions are forms of protection of the values of individual freedom andhuman rights.
Peran Rezim Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) dalam Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Negara Anggota Terhadap Rezim Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HAKI) Internasional (Studi Kasus : Software Piracy di Vietnam Tahun 2007-2010)
Adinda Gusty Rachmah;
Ika Riswanti Putranti
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 4, Nomor 4, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v4i4.22047
Intellectual Property Right is a sensitive issue for developing country such as Vietnam. Accession to the Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) at 2008 and approval TRIPS Agreement makes Vietnam engaged in a system to guarantee the protection of intellectual property rights. TPP is a free trade agreement that is projected to be a 'comprehensive and high standard free trade agreement' in the trans pacific region which aims to liberalize trade in almost all sectors of goods and services. This research aim to obtain an overview and analysis of the Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) and its relation to the crime of intellectual property rights, explaining the implementation of TPP in Vietnam in overcoming intellectual property rights. International Cooperation theory and International Regime theory are used to explain the fact and phenomenon and also as base in building the arguments to answer research questions. Built arguments are sourced from conference proceedings, report, protocols, conventions and other literature sources which are processed in qualitative way based on the theories which resulted an explanative argument as a research answer. The result of this study is Vietnam has joined the TPP but in its implementation of intellectual property rights were far from compliance with the TRIPS Agreement. Vietnam has not been able to comply with the commitments of this agreement because it could not provide sufficient protection and strict law enforcement towards the infringements.
Motif Indonesia Tidak Meratifikasi Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage, and Registration of Marriages
Desy Ramadhani;
Ika Riswanti Putranti;
Marten Hanura
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8 Nomor 4, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i4.36105
Child marriage is an issue that is of concern to the international community because it is considered to have many negative impacts. Therefore, conventions and organizations that discuss child marriage have started to emerge, one of which is the Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage, and Registration of Marriages. Based on data from UNFPA, Indonesia is the eighth country with the highest child marriage rate in the world. However, with the high rate of child marriage in Indonesia, the Indonesian government has not ratified this convention. In this study, the author seeks to find out the reasons why Indonesia is not ratifying this convention yet. This paper will use cultural relativism concept, patriarchy concept, and rational choice theory.