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PENGARUH NISBAH FILLER ABU SAWIT (UKURAN DIREDUKSI)/CARBON BLACK DAN TEMPERATUR PENCAMPURAN TERHADAP MORFOLOGI DAN SIFAT KOMPOSIT POLIPROPILEN/KARET ALAM Septiana Veronika S; Ahmad Fadli; Bahruddin Bahruddin
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 12, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (229.176 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jst.v12.n2.p%p

Abstract

Karet alam merupakan salah satu komoditas terbesar di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pengembanganteknologi terhadap komoditi-komoditi berbasis karet alam. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengamati pengaruh nisbahfiller abu sawit (ukuran direduksi)/carbon black dan temperatur pencampuran terhadap morfologi dan sifat kompositpolipropilena (PP)/karet alam (KA). Carbon black digunakan sebagai filler untuk meningkatkan properti karet alam.Variasi nisbah filler carbon black 0/100, 30/70, 50/50, 70/30 dan 100/0 dilakukan untuk menentukan nisbah filleroptimum. Pembuatan kompon karet menggunakan roll mill pada suhu ruang dan kecepatan putar 20 rpm. Vulkanisasidinamik dilakukan di dalam internal mixer dengan menggunakan variasi temperatur pencampuran 175 oC, 180oC, dan185oC. Kecepatan rotor internal mixer yang digunakan 60 rpm. Sifat mekanik dianalisa dengan Universal TestingMachine (UTM) dan morfologi campuran menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Nisbah filler optimumdiperoleh pada nisbah filler carbon black 30/70 dengan temperatur optimum pencampuran pada temperatur 175oC. Sifatmekanik terbaik dihasilkan nilai tensile strength 2,4 MPa, elongation at break 14,9 % dan modulus elastis sebesar 71,6MPa.Kata Kunci : abu sawit, carbon black, karet alam, polipropilena (PP)
SIMULASI TERMODINAMIKA GASIFIKASI BLACK LIQUOR PABRIK PULP LARUT KRAFT SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI TERBARUKAN Hamsar Hamsar; Zuchra Helwani; Bahruddin Bahruddin
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 16, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (415.872 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jst.v16.n2.p48-53

Abstract

Industri pulp di Riau menghasilkan 8,5 juta ton black liquor/tahun, merupakan biomassa dengan panas pembakaran 13,8 MJ/kg sehingga memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai sumber energi alternatif dan terbarukan. Salah satu teknologi pengolahan black liquor adalah proses gasifikasi yang dapat menghasilkan gas bakar tipe medium. Penelitian ini mempelajari faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses gasifikasi black liquor menjadi gas sintesis, dengan melakukan simulasi proses dalam entrained flow gasifier menggunakan agen gasifikasi oksigen. Beberapa tahap yang dipergunakan untuk menunjukkan seluruh proses gasifikasi, yaitu dekomposisi/pirolisis black liquor, pembakaran zat volatile, gasifikasi arang/char dan pemisahan gas-padatan. Umpan black liquor yang digunakan dengan nilai ultimate (basis kering): 34,0% C; 3,2% H; 4,8% S; 35,8% O, 18,2% Na; 3,1% K; 0,1% N; dan nilai proksimat (basis kering): kadar air 19,3%; zat volatile 38,3%, fixed carbon 11,8%; abu 30,6%. Variabel penelitian: temperatur 600-1200oC, ER 0,2-0,5 dan tekanan 1-35 atm. Pada tekanan 10 atm dan ER 0,5, peningkatan temperatur 600 sampai 1200oC menyebabkan produk syngas bertambah (41,21-81,45%), mengurangi konversi CH4 (8,96-6,04%) dan CO2 (9,28-3,79%). Equivalent ratio berpengaruh terhadap temperatur proses gasifikasi, optimal antara 0,5. Menaikkan tekanan operasi gasifier tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap produk komposisi syngas, tetapi desain tekanan tinggi operasi untuk mempertimbangkan penggunaan alat yang lebih efektif dan efisien sehingga akan mengurangi biaya investasi, tekanan optimal adalah 10 atm.
Pengaruh Kadar Selulosa Pelepah Sawit Terhadap Sifat Dan Morfologi Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) Yusnila Halawa; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Irdoni Irdoni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Cellulose is one of components that contained in palm frond fibers. Cellulose is a polymer which has a molecular average weight, polydispersity and has a long chain that is used as supporting material in manufacturing Wood Plastic Composite (WPC). The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of palm midrib cellulose content to the properties and morphology of WPC. WPC samples prepared by the method of melt blending the fibers of palm midrib (SPS), polypropylene (PP), Maleated polypropylene (MAPP), and paraffin for 1 hour at a temperature of 170 ° C and a rotor speed of 80 rpm using the Internal Mixer. The size of the palm frond fibers used are 40 mesh with the composition of the SPS / PP is 50/50 and 30/70. While the ratio comparison MAPP / cellulose is 0%, 2% and 5% and the cellulose of 41.86%, 52.86% and 56.24%. The test includes testing of the mechanical properties are tensile strength and flexural strength, while physical properties include density, moisture content, water absorption and thickness swelling. Test of morphology using a scanning electron microscopy. The test results showed that the best mechanical properties resulting in a ratio SPS / PP 50/50, cellulose MAPP 0% and 56.24%, with a tensile strength of 10.1 MPa and 27.0 MPa flexural strength. While the physical properties testing are the highest density of 1.511 gr/cm3, best absorption at 0.05%, the water content of 0.01% and a thickness swelling of 0.05%.Keywords: maleated polypropylene, morphology, polypropylene, cellulose, wood plastic composite
The Effect Of Initiator Composition, Temperature, And Time On Ester Polymerisation Process Of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Aidil Akbar; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Yelmida Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) as a byproduct of the processed of palm oil has great potential to be used as raw material for polyester synthesis. The purpose of this research is to study ester polymerisation from PFAD with the composition of initiator, time and temperature as the parameters. First, the esterification process was done by the reaction of PFAD and methanol that used sulfuric acid as catalyst. The reactant composition was 1:8 molar ratio, speed of stirrer at 150 rpm, and H2SO4 composition is 1% (w/w) PFAD with temperature at 70° C for 2 hours. The polymerisation process was done by the reaction of esterification stage product and mixed with benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The variation for this stage were the composition of benzoyl peroxide 1%, 5%,and 9% (w/w) of methyl ester, polymerisation time 4, 5 and 6 hours and polymerisation temperatures of 140, 150 and 160° C. The result showed that the esterification stage product was obtained methyl ester and GC-MS analysis showed that the purity of methyl esters is 90,1%. Polymerisation product that is obtained a polyester but still have vinyl group in the component of the product. Based on the results of polymerisation reaction of the end product, dark and thick and has a viscosity of 180-200 cp. Based on the test results of GC-MS the composition of the methyl ester was reduced from 27.67% to 5.62% as the product of polymerization process which mean that the methyl ester have been converted. The R2 in this study gained 0.9663 which means a significant and lack of fit value of 0.1341 which means insignificant then the variable had a p-value of 0,0002 for the model which it less than α = 0.05 with variables that had a significant impact on model.Key words: benzoyl peroxide, palm fatty acid distillate, polyester, synthesis
Pengaruh Nisbah Dan Suhu Pencampuran Terhadap Karakteristik Campuran Aspal Karet Alam Kompo (Cup Lump) Yanny Sartika; Irdoni Irdoni; Bahruddin Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Asphalt modified polymer (AMP) is used to increase the resistance of asphalt to changes in temperature by increasing the stiffness of the binder/binder at high temperatures and reducing stiffness at low temperatures at the same time. This study aims to study the effect of ratio and temperature of rubber cup lump on the characteristics of asphalt and determine the ratio and temperature of the best rubber cup lump for the manufacture of asphalt modified polymer. The asphalt used type of bitumen pen 60/70 Pertamina. Asphalt modified polymer is made by mixing cup lump with asphalt at a mixing temperature of 150 oC and 170 oC for 30 minutes. Cup lump ratio varied by 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12%. Testing for modified asphalt includes parameters: penetration, softening point, weight loss and stability of the Marshall. Testing is in accordance with the 2012 Bina Marga General Specifications standard. Based on the research results obtained, the best ratio and temperature is 12% and mixing temperature 170 oC with a penetration value of 52.4 dmm, softening point of 63.55 oC, weight loss of 0.068 and the stability of the Marshall is 1904.4 kg.Keywords: asphalt modified, cup lump, ratio, stability, temperature
Evaluasi Pressure Drop Pada Sumur Injeksi Uap Di Lapangan Duri Dengan Persamaan Beggs-Brill Dan Moody Ahmad Riadi S Hasibuan; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Ahmad Fadli
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Steam injection is a heat transfer process to petroleum reservoir through multiphase flow of wet steam. Estimating pressure drop in multiphase flow is more difficult than for single-phase flow. Multiphase flow is a complex phenomenon because of the interdependence of various variables that affecting pressure drop such as flow regime, hold up, flow geometry at horizontal, vertical or deviated, flow rate of each phase and the fluid properties of each phase. The purpose of this study is to find out the most appropriate model to calculate the pressure drop in steam injection wells and understand parameters that most affecting pressure drop. Research methodology for this study is descriptive analysis. Field data from 30 injection wells in Duri field are collected and compared with 2 variations of Beggs-Brill and Moody equation, which are the original model and the model with Palmer correction. Both models are translated into a simple computing program using Excel application. Calculation result from the model is compared with the measurement results to understand the deviation or error. As the result of this study, it is shown that Beggs-Brill and Moody model without Palmer correction is suitable for steam injection application. Average error is only 0,2% with a standard deviation of 3,32%. Further information is obtained from the sensitivity analysis that the accuracy of pressure drop calculation is affected by measurement accuracy of the steam flow rate, steam quality and steam temperature. Keyword: Beggs and Brill correlation, Moody diagram, Palmer correction, pressure drop, steam injection.
Polimerisasi Ester Dari Asam Lemak Sawit Destilat (ALSD) Dengan Menggunakan Inisiator Benzoil Peroksida 0,2 % Liendra Juniarti; Irdoni Irdoni; Bahruddin Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Palm Fatty Acid distillate (ALSD) as a byproduct the processing of palm oil has great potential to be used as raw material oil-based polymers. The aims of this research to study the process polymerization of ester from ALSD using initiator (benzoyl peroxide) 0.2%. The stage process consisted of three phases. The esterification stage was done at temperatur 70° C, reaction time of 120 minutes, reactant ratio 1: 8 (ALSD: methanol), concentration of catalyst (H2SO4) 1% (w/w) PFAD; polymerization stage was done at temperature 120, 130, and 140 ° C, concentration of initiator (benzoyl peroxide) 0.2% (w/w) and variation of polymerization reaction time 3, 4, and 5 hours, and polyesterification stage was done at temperature 175-200° C, ratio of reactants 1: 1 (polymerized methyl ester: ethylene glycol), and the reaction time of 4 hours. The results of polymerization was analyzed by using viscosity test, FT-IR and GCMS. The highest viscosity was 25,58 mPa.s at temperature 130° C and 5 hours. The result using FT-IR showed that the polymerization process was unsuccessful, this was indicated by the presence of the vinyl group. The result of GCMS showed there had been molecular weight addition in polymerization process, that was only twice the initial molecular weight.Keywords: benzoyl peroxide, esterification, palm fatty acid distillate, polymerization.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Completion Fluid Terhadap Laju Swelling Clay Pada Sumur Produksi Minyak Bumi Bramansyah Riswanda; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Irdoni HS
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

In the process of oil production wells maintenance, sometimes it has to face containing mud (clay) formations and this situation can detain the process of well maintenance and damage downhole equipment, especially pumps because of clay swelling. This study intends to determine the concentration effect of completion fluid to clay swelling and determine the optimum completion fluid concentration In this study, KCl and XCD polymer has been chosen as the inhibiting compound of clay swelling. Concentration used is 2%, 4% and 6% for KCl, 2, 3 and 4 ppm for XCD polymer with a ratio between the solution with the clay is 1:8, 1 9 and 1:10. The temperature used is room temperature of 25° C. The results showed that the rate of swelling occurs most rapidly at 2% KCl ratio of 1:8. The phenomenon of swelling clay to a solution of XCD polymer is very small so it can be considered no swelling that occurs, either in 2, 3 or 4 ppm solution of polymer XCDKeywords: clay, swelling, oil producer well, KCl, XCD polymer
Preparasi Pelepah Sawit Untuk Bahan Baku Pembuatan Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) Ditinjau Dari Konsentrasi Asam Oksalat Dan Suhu Pelarutan Angelina Angelina; Bahruddin Bahruddin; Said Zul Amraini
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Components contained in the palm stem are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and other extractive substances. Cellulose is the largest component of palm fronds. Preparation is used to remove components of hemicellulose and lignin and extractive substances there by increasing the cellulose component which will increase the strength of the interface on the matrix and filler. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of oxalic acid concentration and dissolution temperature on the chemical composition of palm stem in the preparation of palm stem which will be used as raw material of wood plastic composite. Samples of palm stem preparations were prepared using oxalic acid at concentrations of 0,5 M, 1 M, and 1,5 M. Samples were immersed in 15 min with dilution temperature is room temperature, 800C, 1000C, and 1200C. Then the sample size of palm stem dust used is 40 mesh. Tests include water content test and chemical composition test of palm stem using chesson-data method. The test results show that the water content in the palm stem sample is 5% -10%. While for the best composition of the palm stem obtained by preparation using oxalic acid with concentration of 1,5M at dissolving temperature of 1200C that is obtained cellulose level as much as 54%.Keywords : palm stem, cellulose, preparation, wood plastic composite
Sifat Dan Morfologi Wood Plastic Composite Berbasis Pelepah Sawit/Polietilen Dengan Kompatibiliser Maleic Anhydride Dan Inisiator Benzoil Peroksida Wahyu Suci Rahmani; Irdoni Irdoni; Bahruddin Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The low compatibility between thermoplastic and wood components is a major problem in the manufacture of wood plastic composite. Compatibilities used such as maleic anhydride is useful to increase the value of the mechanical and physical properties of the WPC. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the composition palm frond/polyethyleneand maleic anhydride on the properties and morphology of wood plastic composite. The composition of palm frond/polyethylene used is 50/50, 60/40, 70/30 with a mixture of 2% paraffin additive, maleic anhydride (MAH) 3%, 4%, 5%, and benzoyl peroxide 1% of the weight of MAH. The process of mixing fillers, matrices, and additives uses an Internal MixerLabo Plastomill at temperature of 145oC and rotor speed of 80 rpm. The sample was then pressed using a hot press at a temperature of 145oC and a pressure of 100 kgf/cm2. Composites produced were tested including characterization of functional groups, morphological conditions, physical properties and mechanical properties. The results showed that the addition of filler and maleic anhydride composition had a relatively significant effect. The best WPC material is found in the variation palm frond/polyethylene60/40 and MAH 5% with a density value of 1.19 gr/cm3, water content of 0.16%, water absorption capacity of 0.41%, swelling thickness of 0.11%, tensile strength of 18.664 MPa, elastic modulus of 2175.9 MPa, and flexural strength of 35.05 MPa.Keywords: benzoyl peroxide, maleic anhydride, palm stem, wood plastic composite
Co-Authors Ade Putra Ade Rahayu Putri Adhy Prayitno Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Adrianto Ahmad Ady Maulana Afrianti, Dwi Afrila Afrila Afrilianti, Azyarah Afrilla, Nurul Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Riadi S Hasibuan Aidil Akbar Akbar, Anif Aulia Alfian Malik Almasdi Syahza Alumni STIKES Husada Borneo Ambtenarie Jessica Sihombing, Ambtenarie Jessica Aminuyati Amir Hamzah Amraini, Said Jul Amrizal Amrizal ' Amun Amri Andreas Sahat Parsaulian Andri Mulia Angelina Angelina Anugerah Rifaldi Aras Mulyadi Aris Aprianto Cahyono Artha, Ulfa Dwi Arya Wiranata Arya Wiranata Arya Wiranata Bramansyah Riswanda Briliantina Rossa Cindy Oktaviani Damayanti, Elok David Andrio Deliana, Putri DESI PURNAMA SARI Dewi Maya Sari Dian Anggraini Purba Dian Eka Indriani Djaimi Bakce Donny Kurniawan Dwifirman, Widya Edi Saputra Efriyeldi, Efriyeldi Ekawati, Lestari Endro Siswoko Eri Malindo Fachry Abda El Rahman Fadhila Nursyifa Fadli, A Fauzi, Subehan Firdaus Septiawan Fitra Annisa Gede Wibowo Gunawan Gunawan Hamsar Hamsar Handayani, K.H Sri Hara Novarisa Nanda Hasrul Hasrul Hendri, Zwilla Oktoriana Heni Sugesti Herlili Peronika Herry Novriansyah Hotnida Butar Butar HS, Irdoni. Ida Zahrina Idral Amri Idral Idral Irdoni HS Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Irdoni Isra, Muhammad Ivan Fadhillah Ivan Fadhillah Jabosar Ronggur Hamonangan Panjaitan Jahrizal Khairat Khairat, Khairat Khairat, Khairat KRISTINA WIJAYA Liendra Juniarti Lita Darmayanti Lubis, Abdillah Lubis, Apriadi Luci Octaria Lusiana Sri Wahyuni M. Iwan Fermi Maradona Maradona Mariatul Qiftiah Melda Helena S Melly Anggraeni Mery Christina Meysara Meysara MS, Frasucia Aquaviva Muchlis Ade Putra Mudinillah, Adam Muhammad Anshar Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Nasri Katman Muhammad Nur Muhammad Reza Muhammad Rivai Nadimisia, Tiara Dwisca Ni putu Vidya Primarista Nirwana Nirwana Nonot Suwarno Nopi Andri Musfa, Nopi Andri Novriyani, Vivi Nurazizah Nurazizah, Nurazizah Nurhidayah Nurhidayah Nurul Aini Thaibil Fadhly ojsadmin Oktaviani, Cindy Pakpahan, Cindy Peji Nopeles Puskesmas Guntung Payung R Firmansyah Rani Yuliantari Razita Hariani Rina Gunarti Rizky Sandy Harahap Robby Kumar Robby Kumar Romfis, Dio Rosmawati, Putri Roy Marthin Panjaitan Rozanna Sri Irianty RS Khusus Bedah Siaga Banjarmasin Russita Martani Russita Martani Septian, Septian Septiana Veronika S Septiana Veronika s, Septiana Veronika Shaleh, Idries Hamidi Siti Sakinah Sonny Wijaya Sri Helianty Sri Helianty Sri Rezeki Muria Sri Rezeki Muria STIKES Husada Borneo Sudirman Sudirman Sugesti, Heni Sumarno Sumarno Sunardjo SUSANTO, RENO Susanty, Wenny Suwondo Suwondo Syahwardini, Trisuciati Syamsu Herman Syarfi Daud Syarfi, Syarfi Syarfie, Syarfie Syelvia Putri Utami Syelvia Putri Utami Syelvia Putri Utami Syoffinal Syoffinal Thamrin Thamrin Toety Marliaty Trisuciati Syahwardini Trisuciati Syahwardini Trisuciati Syahwardini Umar Umar Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni Viodita Rizki Vivi Novriyani W, Ririen Wahyu Suci Rahmani Wahyu Suci Rahmani Wenny Susanty Wira Bima Stevent Sembiring Wira Irawan Rossani Wiranata, Arya Yanny Sartika Yelmida Azis Yoga Deswan Suwary Yoga Pratama Yogi Chandra Yolanda, Putri Gusti Yulia, Indri Yunus, Aulia Yusnila Halawa Zainal Abidin Zuchra Helwani Zuliarti, Indah Zultiniar Zultiniar Zultiniar, Zultiniar