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Agus Siswanto
Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
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Effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on depressive symptoms, C-peptide, serotonin, and neurotrophin-3 in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial Putranto, Rudi; Setiati, Siti; Nasrun, Martina W.; Witjaksono, Fiastuti; Immanuel, Suzanna; Subekti, Imam; Harimurti, Kuntjoro; Siswanto, Agus; Shatri, Hamzah; Suwarto, Suhendro; Megantara, Marcelino A.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1342

Abstract

The coexistence of depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can significantly worsen disease prognosis and lower quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency contributes to the progression of T2DM and is closely associated with the development of depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cholecalciferol on depression in patients with T2DM, exploring its mechanisms by analyzing its impact on C-peptide, serotonin, and neurotrophin-3 levels. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, from April 2021 to September 2022. Patients with T2DM and depressive symptoms were randomly assigned to two groups: received 4000 IU of cholecalciferol daily and received a placebo for 12 weeks. Depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) before and 12 weeks after the intervention. The levels of C-peptide, serotonin, and neurotrophin-3 were measured at the end of the fourth week of intervention using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Between-group comparisons were made using independent Student t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. Paired Student t-tests or Wilcoxon tests were applied for within-group comparisons between pre- and post-intervention. A total of 70 T2DM patients with depression were included in this study, comprising 38 patients in the cholecalciferol group and 32 in the placebo group. C-peptide levels increased significantly in the cholecalciferol group compared to the placebo group (p=0.006). No significant differences were observed in serotonin and NT-3 levels between the cholecalciferol group compared to the placebo group. The cholecalciferol group had a significantly greater reduction in BDI-II scores compared to the placebo group (p<0.001). This trial highlights that taking cholecalciferol might help ease mild to moderate depression symptoms in patients with T2DM by enhancing c-peptide levels, though its effects on serotonin and neurotrophin-3 are still unclear.
Co-Authors Abda Abda Abdul Choliq Hidayat Abdul Manan Abdul Rahim Abdul Rosyid Abidin, Dodo Zaenal Achmad Fudholi ACHMAD FUDHOLI Achmad Fudholi Adithya Wahyu Pratama, Adithya Wahyu Afrizal Nehemia Toscany Aftoni Sutanto Ahmad Husain Asdie Ajrania, Sri Akhir Riana Handayani, Akhir Riana Akhmad Kharis Nugroho Albait, Nur Aldiansyah, m. Ali Sadikin Amrullah, Bagaskara Falah Anjar Mahardian Kusuma Arvita, Yulia Ashad, Bayu Adrian Asmiyenti Djaliasrin Djalil Baedhowi, Abdul Latif Beny Betantiyo , Betantiyo Chindra Saputra Diah Krisnatuti Diniatik Dodit Ari Wibowo, Dodit Ari Dwi Hartanti Dwi Rahayuningsih E. Mudjaddid A. Siswanto Deddy N.W.Achadiono Hamzah Shatri Emelia, Shinta Endang Prihastuty, Endang Erfan Subiyanta, Erfan Errissya Rasywir Euis Sunarti Eva Rosmawati eva rosmawati Evi Sofia Fachruddin Fatimah Malini Lubis Fauziati, Ana Feranika, Ayu Feriyadin, Feriyadin Fiastuti Witjaksono Gustina Nurkhayatun, Gustina Hady, Sultan Hambari, Hambari Hariadi Hariawan Hartati, Dita Nur Hartati Heikal, Jerry Hermawan, M. Reza Herti Yani, Herti Hery Sonawan Hidayat, Abdul Choliq Himawanti, Nanda Puspita Imam Baihaqi Imam Subekti Indri Hapsari Indri Hapsari Iskandar Soedirman, Iskandar Iskandar Sudirman Istighfarani, Syifa Jasmir, Jasmir Junial Heri Khasanah, Fitria Nurrul Kuntjoro Harimurti Machrus Ali Megantara, Marcelino A. Moeslich Hasanmihardja Mucharomah, Nurul Maghfiroh MUHAMMAD FURQONI musthofa Mutiara Poetri Nurtanti, Mutiara Poetri Nasrun, Martina W. Naufal, Mansur Nunuk Aries Nurulita PAMUSO, MARLIN Paramitha, Cindy Pareza Alam Jusia, Pareza Alam Pebrianto, Feri Prayogo, Lito Pri Iswati Utami Purnomo, Luthfan Budi Qiptiah, Deva Aldina Maria Qiptiah Rahayu, Wiranti Sri Rahayu Rahmawati, Tias Eka Rasywir, Errisya Reza Pramitha Habsari, Reza Pramitha Ricky Fajar Adiputra Rizana Fauzi, Rizana Rizki Okprastowo rohadin, rohadin Rosalina, Mia Rosario, Maria rosmawati, eva Rosyadi, Marwan RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Rudi Putranto Rustiawan, Indra S.Kom.,M.Pd, Arifudin Setiawan, Roy Setiawan, Zunan Siregar, Arief Kurniawan Siti Helmyati Siti Setiati Sofiansyah, Muhammad Edi SUDIBYO MARTONO Sudibyo Martono Sudibyo Martono Suhendro Suwarto, Suhendro Suparman Suparman Suparman Suparman Suryadi, Dikky Sutanto , Aftoni Sutoyo, Mochammad Arief Hermawan Suyanti Suyanti Suyanti Suzanna Immanuel Tohasan, Achmad W. Djoko Yudisworo Wachyu Hari Haji Wardani, Muhammad Wasiran, Wasiran Wibawa, Arief Wibowo, Indi Deli Fiallo Widya Cahya Ariswati, Widya Cahya Wulansari, Eka Yafi, Zidni Reynard Yekti Mulyani, Yekti Yovi Pratama Yuli Asmi Rahman Yuni Ernawati, Yuni Yusni Ulfiani Zulaikha yusni ulfiani zulaikha zulaikha, yusni ulfiani