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PENGEMBANGAN KAMUS PERBAIKAN BODI OTOMOTIF BERBASIS ANDROID UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN Atmoko Putra Pratama; Herminarto Sofyan
Jurnal Kependidikan Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jk.v4i2.34515

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan kamus perbaikan bodi otomotif berbasis android yang layak dan efektif untuk penguasaan istilah asing autobody repair pada bahan ajaruntuk siswa sekolah menengah kejuruan (SMK). penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada model Borg and Gall. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa SMK Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik Perbaikan Bodi Otomotif sebanyak 3 siswa untuk tahap uji coba lapangan awal, 6 siswa untuk uji coba lapangan utama dan 20 siswa untuk tahap uji coba lapangan operasional. Penilaian kelayakan produk berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi, ahli media, dan penilaian guru. Validasi instrumen ini melibatkan ahli pembelajaran teknik otomotif di sekolah kejuruan. Aspek penilaian kelayakan meliputi aspek kebenaran, keluasan, teori, format, dan konten. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kamus Perbaikan Bodi Otomotif berbasis android layak digunakan sebagai sumber belajar pada materi penguasaan istilah asing autobody repair untuk siswa SMK. Kamus yang dikembangkan efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap istilah asing dengan peningkatan dalam kategori sedang. Penggunaan teknologi mendukung peningkatan proses dan kualitas pembelajaran di SMK.DEVELOPING AUTOBODY REPAIR DICTIONARY BASED ON ANDROID FOR VOCATIONAL STUDENTS The purpose of this study was to develop an android-based automotive body repair dictionary that is feasible and effective for mastering foreign terms autobody repair in teaching materials for vocational high school students. This development research refers to the Borg and Gall model. The research subjects were 3 students of Vocational High School for Automotive Body Repair Engineering Skills, as many as 3 students for the initial field trial phase, 6 students for the main field trial and 20 students for the operational field trial. The assessment of product feasibility based on the assessment of material experts, media experts, and teacher. The validation of this instrument involves learning experts in automotive engineering in vocational schools. The aspects of the feasibility assessment include aspects of validity, aspects of breadth, aspects of theory, aspects of format and aspects of content. The results of this study indicate that the Android-based Automotive Body Repair Dictionary is appropriate for use as a learning resource on mastering foreign terms related to autobody repair for vocational students. The dictionary developed is effective to improve students' understanding of foreign terms with an increase in the medium category. The use of technology supports the improvement of the learning process and quality in vocational level.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN NIAT TECHNOPRENEURSHIP DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN Amelia Fauziah Husna; Herminarto Sofyan
Jurnal Edukasi Elektro Vol 4, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Edukasi Elektro, Volume 4, Nomor 1, 2020
Publisher : JPTE FT UNY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (185.314 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jee.v4i1.32616

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai validitas dan reliabilitas indikator yang menyusun niat technopreneurship di SMK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 indikator yang menyusun niat technopreneurship, yaitu sikap terhadap perilaku, norma subyektif, dan persepsi kontrol perilaku. Sikap terhadap perilaku didukung faktor sikap afektif dan sikap instrumental. Norma subyektif didukung oleh norma deskriptif dan norma injuktif. Persepsi kontrol perilaku didukung oleh efikasi diri, kontrol keyakinan, dan kuat persepsi. Niat technopreneurship memiliki 15 butir penilaian yang dapat dikategorikan valid dan reliabel. 
Peningkatan Mutu Pembelajaran Teknologi Pengecatan melalui Metode Jigsaw Bagi Mahasiswa Otomotif FT UNY Tawardjono Us; Herminarto Sofyan; Gunadi Gunadi
Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan Vol 22, No 1 (2014): (Mei)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (353.649 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jptk.v22i1.8841

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The objective of the study was to investigate (1) the implementation of the jigsaw technique, (2) the students’ participation in the jigsaw technique, and (3) the learning achievement of the students in the course of painting technology through the jigsaw technique. This study used a classroom action research design developed by Kemmis and Mc Taggart in 2 cycles. The study was conducted in the Department of Automotive Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University involving 28 students. The data collection method used documentation, observation and tests. The instruments used in this study include: an observation sheet and a written test. The data analysis techniques used comparative descriptive and qualitative. The results of this study were: (1) the implementation of the jigsaw technique was conducted in 2 cycles in the subject of painting defects, with the formation of the groups as heterogeneous, delivering the common materials, a pretest, and group discussions between the source and the expert groups (in 2 cycles), and a post test , (2) learning with jigsaw technique can improve the quality of the students’ learning, and (3) the jigsaw technique increases 74% of the value of the pretest and the post test.
PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING: THE IMPLEMENTATION AND THE URGENCY FOR IMPROVING LEARNING QUALITY. Kokom Komariah; Herminarto Sofyan; Wagiran Wagiran
Jurnal Kependidikan Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (565.179 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jk.v3i2.20792

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PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING: IMPLEMENTASI DAN URGENSINYA BAGI PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARANAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan implementasi model Problem-based Learning (PBL) dan urgensinya bagi peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di SMK. Penelitian dilakukan di 9 SMK program revitalisasi di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, subjek penelitian adalah guru dan siswa. Objek penelitian adalah model PBL. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket dan observasi yang dilakukan oleh guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Model PBL dapat diimplementasikan melalui 6 tahap, yaitu tahap pendahuluan, mengorganisasikan, melakukan penyelidikan, membangun hasil penyelidikan dan menyajikan hasil karya, menganalisis dan mengevaluasi proses pemecahan masalah. Model PBL dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar, kreativitas, berfikir kritis, minat dan motivasi belajar siswa. Model PBL dapat merubah paradigma belajar, dari kegiatan pembelajaran yang berorientasi pada guru menjadi pembelajaran yang berorientasi pada siswa. Penerapan Model PBL berdampak pada peningkatan kemampuan siswa, pada aspek kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor. Hambatan pelaksanaan model PBL disebabkan kurangnya mind set guru terhadap proses belajar mengajar yang berorientasi pada siswa, kesulitan membuat trigger, kekhawatiran tidak tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran, dan kekurangberanian siswa untuk menyampaikan hal-hal baru yang berbeda dalam upaya memecahkan masalah. AbstractThis study was aimed at describing the implementation of the Problem-based Learning (PBL) model and its urgency for improving the quality of learning in vocational high school. The study was conducted in 9 vocational revitalization programs in Yogyakarta. The research subjects were teachers and students. The object of research was the PBL model. The data were collected through questionnaires and observations made by the teacher. The results show that PBL model can be implemented through 6 stages, namely the preliminary, organization, investigation, investion report analysis and presentation, and problem solving analysis and evaluation stages. PBL model is able to improve learning outcomes, creativity, critical thinking, interest and motivation of the students. The PBL model is also able to change the learning paradigm, from teacher-oriented to student-oriented learning activity. The application of the PBL model has an impact on improving students' abilities on cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. The obstacles in implementing PBL model are due to the lack of teacher's mind set towards student-oriented teaching and learning processes, difficulties in triggering, fears of not achieving learning objectives, and students' lack of courage to convey different new things in an effort to solve problems.Keywords: problem based learning, vocational school, learning quality
Pengembangan lembar kerja peserta didik kimia berbasis inkuiri terbimbing untuk kelas Xi IPA SMA/MA Rina Rizalini; Herminarto Sofyan
Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi Pendidikan Vol 5, No 2 (2018): October
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (476.574 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jitp.v5i2.14445

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menghasilkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) kimia berbasis inkuiri terbimbing yang layak untuk peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA, (2) mengetahui kepraktisan LKPD berbasis inkuiri terbimbing, dan (3) mengetahui keefektifan LKPD berbasis inkuiri terbimbing. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan yang menggunakan model Thiagarajan. Prosedur pengembangan meliputi tahap pendefinisian, perancangan, dan pengembangan. Tahap pendefinisian dilakukan survei untuk menganalisis permasalahan dan kebutuhan peserta didik. Tahap perancangan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Tahap pengembangan dilakukan validasi ahli materi dan media kemudian diimplementasikan di kelas XI IPA SMAN 2 Wates pada 20 peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Hasil validasi LKPD kimia yang dikembangkan dikategorikan layak berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli materi dengan rerata skor 3,8 dan ahli media dengan rerata skor 4,0, (2) tingkat kepraktisan LKPD berada dalam kategori sangat baik, dan (3) keefektifan LKPD memperoleh sig 0,05 membuktikan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kontrol.Kata Kunci: lembar kerja peserta didik, kimia, inkuiri terbimbing DEVELOPING CHEMISTRY WORKSHEETS BASED ON GUIDED INQUIRY FOR THE SECOND GRADE STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLAbstractThis research study aims to: (1) produce valid chemistry worksheets based on guided inquiry for the second grade students of senior high school, (2) know the practically of worksheets based on guided inquiry, and (3) know the effectiveness of worksheets based on guided inquiry. This study was research and development using the Thiagarajan model. The procedure of the development included the steps of defining, designing, and developing. In the defining step, a survey to analyze the problems and student’s needs. The designing step, was conducted the needs of the learning activities. The development step a validation was done by materials and media experts then implementation in class XI science of SMAN 2 Wates to 20 students. The result of the study shows: (1) the chemistry worksheets produced fullfills the appropriateness criteria based on the result of materials experts with the mean score 3.8 and media experts is 4.0 which is in a good category, (2) the practically level is in the very good category, and (3) the effectiveness of worksheets obtaining sig 0.05 proves there is a significant difference between the experimental and control class.Keywords: worksheets, chemistry, guided inquiry 
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN AKUNTANSI PAJAK DENGAN PENDEKATAN QUANTUM LEARNING DI SMK Fitria Yuniarti; Herminarto Sofyan
Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi Pendidikan Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (576.641 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jitp.v3i2.9489

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menghasilkan produk multimedia pembelajaran akuntansi pajak dengan pendekatan quantum learning, (2) mengungkapkan kualitas kelayakan multimedia pembelajaran akuntansi pajak, (3) mengungkapkan keefektivan multimedia pembelajaran akuntansi pajak di Kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Depok Yogyakarta. Multimedia pembelajaran ini dikembangkan dengan pendekatan quantum learning yang dikembangkan menggunakan software Adobe Flash CS6. Studi ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (RD) dengan prosedur pengembangan yang mengadopsi model pengembangan Alessi dan Trollip, yaitu perencanaan, desain, dan pengembangan. Validasi produk dilakukan pada tahap uji alpha yang melibatkan dua ahli media dan dua ahli materi. Sementara uji beta melibatkan tiga orang siswa. Produk yang dikembangkan telah layak digunakan dengan perolehan skor hasil validasi ahli media 4,1 dengan kategori baik, validasi ahli materi 4,0 dengan kategori baik, dan penilaian siswa pada uji beta 4,5 dengan kategori sangat baik. Multimedia pembelajaran akuntansi pajak dinilai efektif karena dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa dengan nilai rata-rata pretest 59,8, dan nilai rata-rata posttest85,6. Terjadi peningkatan pencapaian sebesar 25,8% dari 30 orang siswa hanya satu orang siswa yang tidak tuntas dalam proses pembelajaran.Kata kuci: multimedia, akuntansi pajak, quantum learning DEVELOPING MULTIMEDIA FOR TAX ACCOUNTING TEACHING WITH THE QUANTUM LEARNING APPROACH AT VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLAbstractThis research aims to: (1) develop a multimedia product for tax accounting teaching with the quantum learning approach, (2) reveal the feasibility quality of the developed multimedia for tax accounting teaching, (3) reveal the effectiveness of the developed multimedia for tax accounting teaching to the 11th grade students of State Vocational High School 1 Depok, Yogyakarta. This learning multimedia was developed by the quantum learning approach using Adobe Flash CS6 software. This study is research and development (R D) with the procedure on the development adopted from Alessi and Trollip models, namely planning, design, and development. The validation of the product was conducted in the alpha test phase involving two media experts and two material experts. Meanwhile, the beta test involved three students. The developed product is proper to be used with the validity score of 4.1 by the media experts (good category), by experts’ validation material 4.0 of (good category), and assessment of students in the beta test of 4.5 (very good category); (3) the multimedia for tax accounting teaching is effective because it can increase students' cognitive learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the average score of 59.8 on pretest and posttest average score of 85.6. There is an increase by 25.8% of the 30 students, and only one student do not achieve the standard mastery.Keywords: multimedia, tax accounting, quantum learning
Pengembangan e-tahsin sebagai e-learning pada program learning qur’an for all (LQA) Rumah Tahfidzqu Yogyakarta Achmad Ilfan Rifai; Herminarto Sofyan
Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi Pendidikan Vol 5, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (504.825 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jitp.v5i1.12718

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menghasilkan produk e-Tahsin sebagai media pembelajaran pada Program LQA Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta; (2) mendeskripsikan kualitas kelayakan e-Tahsin yang dikembangkan sebagai media pembelajaran; dan (3) mengetahui efektivitas pembelajaran pada Program LQA Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta menggunakan e-Tahsin. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (RD) yang diadaptasikan dari model Alessi dan Trollip. Prosedur pengembangan meliputi tahap perencanaan, desain dan pengembangan. Penelitian ini memberikan tiga hasil. Pertama, produk e-Tahsin pada Program LQA Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta dihasilkan sesuai dengan model pengembangan Alessi dan Trollip melalui tahap perencanaan, perancangan dan pengembangan. Kedua, produk e-Tahsin pada Program LQA Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta masuk kategori moderate ditinjau dari materi, media dan tanggapan santri. Ketiga, produk e-Tahsin pada Program LQA Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta dinilai efektif karena dapat meningkatkan kompetensi santri dan menumbuhkan minat santri. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan hasil nilai pretest dengan rata-rata 8,18 dan nilai posttest dengan rata-rata 9,03.Kata kunci: e-Tahsin, e-learning, moodle, efektivitas DEVELOPING E-TAHSIN AS E-LEARNING ON RUMAH TAHFIDZQU YOGYAKARTA LEARNING QUR'AN FOR ALL (LQA) PROGRAMAbstractThis study aims to: (1) produce e-Tahsin as a learning medium on Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta LQA Program; (2) describe the quality of the feasibility of e-Tahsin developed as a learning medium; and (3) determine the effectiveness of learning on Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta LQA Program using e-Tahsin. This research is a research and development (RD) adapted from the model development of Alessi and Trollip. The procedure of development includes planning, design, and development. This research provides three results. First, the product e-Tahsin on Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta LQA Program produced in accordance with Alessi and Trollip development model through the planning, design, and development. Second, e-Tahsin product on Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta LQA Program is categorized as moderate in terms of materials, media and students feedback. Third, the e-Tahsin product on Rumah TahfidzQu Yogyakarta LQA Program is considered effective because it can improve the competence of students and foster interest in the students. This can be evidenced by the results of the pretest with an average value of 8.18 and posttest with an average of 9.03.Keywords: e-Tahsin, e-learning, Moodle, effectiveness
IMPLEMENTASI PBL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI, KREATIVITAS DAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP Anangga Widya Pradipta; Herminarto Sofyan
Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi Pendidikan Vol 2, No 1 (2015): April
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (404.858 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/tp.v2i1.5202

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi, kreativitas, dan pemahaman konsep ilmu pengetahuan peserta didik melalui implementasi Problem Base Learning (PBL). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang mencakup 4 langkah kegiatan dalam 1 siklus yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian yaitu peserta didik dan guru kelas V SD Negeri Nomporejo pada semester kedua tahun ajaran 2012/2013. Seluruh peserta didik diberi tindakan menggunakan PBL. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, skala motivasi dan tes. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan PBL dapat meningkatkan: (1) motivasi, (2) kreativitas, dan (3) pemahaman konsep peserta didik Kelas V SD Negeri Nomporejo hingga kriteria sangat baik pada siklus III.  Aspek motivasi peserta didik meningkat dari rata-rata skor pra-tindakan sebesar 106,25 menjadi 157,95. Aspek kreativitas peserta didik meningkat dari rata-rata skor pra-tindakan 24,25 menjadi 42,6. Aspek pemahaman konsep peserta didik meningkat dari rata-rata skor pra-tindakan 16,5 menjadi 23,65.Kata Kunci: PBL, motivasi, kreativitas, pemahaman konsep_____________________________________________________________________ IMPLEMENTATION OF PBL TO INCREASE MOTIVATION, CREATIVITY AND CONCEPT UNDERSTANDING Abstract This study aims to improve student’s motivation, creativity, and understanding of natural science concepts through the implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This study was a classroom action research which included 4 steps in 1 cycle: planning, action, observation and reflection. The subject of the study comprised the fifth grade students of State Elementary School Nomporejo Sub-District of Galur, Regency of Kulon Progo. All students were given the treatment of using PBL. Data were collected using interviews, observation, motivation scale and test. Interview techniques was used in the preliminary study. Motivation scale was used to determine the students motivation. The results of the study show that the use of problem-based learning model can improve: (1) motivation, (2) creativity, and (3) concept understanding of the fifth grade students of State Elementary School Nomporejo Sub-District of Galur, Regency of Kulon Progo criteria very well until the third cycle. Aspects of students motivation scores increased from the mean of pre-action 106.25 to 157.95. Aspects of students creativity scores increased from the mean of pre-action 24.25 to 42.6. Aspects of students comprehension of the concept scores increased from the mean of pre-action 16.5 to 23.65.Keywords: PBL, motivation, creativity, concept comprehension
Improving The Competency of Automotive Vocational Teachers with Partnership-Based Training Model (PBK) Bambang Sudarsono; Budi Santosa; Herminarto Sofyan
JTP - Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan Vol 22 No 3 (2020): Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/jtp.v22i3.18690

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Entering the XXI Century, Industrial Revolution 4.0, and Society 5.0. Improving the quality of human resources is a top priority in meeting the demands of the workforce and the automotive industry. Produce the competencies needed by automotive vocational teachers who master these competencies and are by the needs of the industrial world. This research is designed to produce a partnership-based training model that can be applied and can improve the competence of automotive teachers according to the needs of the automotive industry. This development research consists of two stages, namely the development and validation stages involving vocational education experts, automotive vocational teachers, and industrial practitioners in interviews, Focus Group Discussion activities, and filling out questionnaires. The research subjects were 72 automotive vocational school teachers in Central Java and West Java. The application of this model was carried out in three national automotive industries (the sole agent of the brand holders). The partnership-based training model consists of 6 stages: (1) Information and Communication Learning Activities; (2) Facilitation; (3) Assistance; (4) Monitoring; (5) Process Evaluation and (6) Results Evaluation. A partnership-based training model can be applied and has received a very good response from automotive participants/ teachers. Based on the questionnaire responses, participants / automotive vocational teachers strongly agree that partnership-based training is applied in the training program. While the competency aspects of attitudes, knowledge, and work skills were achieved with 80% of participants achieving good criteria.
PELATIHAN PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS DENGAN VARIASI METODE DAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENULISAN KARYA ILMIAH GURU-GURU SMK NEGERI 3 YOGYAKARTA Herminarto Sofyan; Wardan Suyanto; Agus Budiman; Ibnu Siswanto; Agung Gumelar; Wahyu Arya Ruswanto
Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi Otomotif Vol 2, No 1 (2019): (November)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jpvo.v2i1.27730

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The Community Service Program (PPM) at SMKN 3 Yogyakarta aims to (1) increase the motivation of teachers to conduct action research and write papers, (2) increase teachers’ ability to select and use appropriate learning methods and media to conduct classroom action research, (3) increase the competence of vocational school teachers in writing scientific papers, (4) increase teachers’ knowledge in accessing scientific journals and conference to publish their work. The activity was attended by 25 participants consisting of 16 productive subject teachers and 9 normative/adaptive subject teachers. The activities carried out in the form of presentation of material about the importance of increasing teacher productivity in publishing scientific work to enhance careers, design action research in the classroom by implementing appropriate media variations and learning methods, writing strategies and publishing articles in journals and proceedings, tutorial guidance on writing articles, and the practice of compiling scientific articles. This PPM activity succeeded in increasing the motivation of teachers to conduct research and write scientific papers, improve the ability of teachers to select the right learning media and methods for conducting classroom action research, increase participants’ ability to write articles, increase teachers’ knowledge in accessing scientific journals and conference to publish their work. Participants satisfy to get new knowledge and skills about classroom action research techniques, they are open-minded and wish to further enhance their ability to conduct classroom action research and write articles to be published in proceedings/journals.