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Sri Wardhani
Universitas Brawijaya
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Journal : International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

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Aluminum, nickel, and manganese supported on bentonite for conversion of ethanol to gasoline Rahmanda, Deri; Wardhani, Sri; Andayani, Ulfa; Widjaya, Robert R.; Dwiatmoko, Adid A.; Rinaldi, Nino; Prasetyo, Joni; Kurniawan, Kezia F.
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 2 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.60834

Abstract

The potential of bentonite as a catalyst is rapidly growing, isomorphic substitution in its interlayer allows for cation exchange and facilitates modification to enhance its catalytic properties. The catalytic performance of bentonite can be improved through the insertion of pillared clays (PILC) into its interlayer structure using Al2O3, NiO, and MnO metal oxide alloys. This research aims to develop and study a modified bentonite catalyst, focusing on its physicochemical changes,as well as its activity and selectivity in the conversion of ethanol to biogasoline. The synthesis of oxide pillars on bentonite was carried out at a consistent metal/bentonite mole ratio of 10 mmol/g, with a mixed metal composition of 1:1. The results showed anexpansion of interlayer distance, as measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which increased in all catalysts compared to natural bentonite6,350 (13.94 Å). Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) analysis, revealed that Al/Bentonite exhibited the highest surface area at187.84 m2/g. Total acidity  analyzed, using Temperature Programmed Desorption-Ammonia (TPD-NH3), was found to be 2.33 mmol/g, with Al-Ni/Bentonite showing the highest acidity. Thermal stability, tested throughThermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), indicated that catalysts containing Al and Ni demonstrated the highest stability. The catalytic activity test showed that the Al/bentonite catalyst achieved the highest ethanol conversion rate of68.64% and a catalyst selectivity of 51.70%, as determined byGas Chromatography-Flame Ionized Detector (GC-FID) analysis. These results indicate that the pillarization of bentonite with Al2O3, NiO, and MnO oxides significantly improved its physicochemical properties, activity, and selectivity in the catalytic conversion of ethanol to biogasoline compared to natural bentonite.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Afif Eka Rahma Setiyanto Akhmad Bahari Alfina, Bulan Tahta Andarini, Novita Rizqi Angga Fami Rayendra Anggita Rosiana Angraini, Erni Anin Eka Sulistyawati Anna Safitri Antoni Anugerah Dewi Harumsari, Anugerah Dewi Arief, Miftahudin Aryati, Ani Asan , Mat Asri Nurul Huda Astriani, Meli Asvic Helida, Asvic Ayu Fahimah Diniyah Wathi Ayu, Annisa Mustikaning Bagas Rasid Sidik Christiana Adi Damayanti Damayanti, Christiana Adi Danar Purwonugroho Danar Purwonugroho Danar Purwonugroho Danar Purwonugroho Danar Purwonugroho Danar Purwonugroho Danar Purwonugroho Darjito Darjito Darjito Darjito Darjito Darjito Darjito Darjito Darjito, Darjito Darmawan, Panji Rahmat Deka Permatasari Della Afriyana Dhesy Galuh R. Diah Mardiana Dwi Fungky Ratnasari, Dwi Fungky Dwiatmoko, Adid A. Eko Waluyo Ellya Indahyanti Elsa Desyta Putri Endang Sulistianingsih Erlaningtias Hutami Ardana Putri, Erlaningtias Hutami Ardana Ernilawati, Ernilawati Ervina Mukharomah, Ervina Fanny Prasetia Fanny Prasetia Fatonah, Sri Ferik Antyo Agus Wibowo Fidela Azaria Antasari Fraditasari, Risca Gatrananda, Sayyid Izzudin Halim, Ravita Sari Harsuko Riniwati Helyati, Helyati Herdian Akbar Mardiansyah Hertiavi, Maria Agatha Ida Fitriani Ika Oktavia Wulandari Ilham Pratomo Ilham Sidik Ira Mardiana Istiani, Istiani Joni Prasetyo, Joni Karelius Karelius Katiza, Selza Komalasari, Fanny Komarasati, Qori Kumala, Diana Kumalasari, Linda Kurnia Saputri, Kurnia Kurniawan, Kezia F. Laksono Trisnantoro Layta Dinira Marlina Ummas Genisa Meirawati, Dian meli Astriani Miralda Syakirah Mohammad Abdul Ghofur Mohammad Farid Rahman Mohammad Misbah Khunur Mufidah Afiyanti Muhammad Misbah Khunur Muhammad Misbah Khunur Munawar Munawar Nadhir Dicky Perdana Nadhira Izzatur Silmi Nadifah, Umi Nino Rinaldi Nita Nuraini, Nita Noor Isnaini Azkiya, Noor Isnaini Nurul Indahsari Oda Silvia Permatasari Oktaria Ardika Pinangsih, Arum Candra Primasari Fitria Purwonugroho, Danar Purwonugroho, Danar Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto Rahmanda, Deri Ramadhana, Al Kautsar Kurniawan Ranti, Ranti Rendy Muhamad Iqbal Reno Sunarinda Endrayana Ridha Dini Rahmawati Rizha Hardyansah Rohmawati, Lynna Rosalin, Sovia Safitri, Anna Safitri, M.Sc., Ph.D (Scopus ID : 57189988164 Saiful Bahri Saleh Hidayat Sambodo, Agung Dono Sambodo, Agung Dono Samsilayurni Sanday Jamaludin Sarosa, Yoang Enggaling Septiani, Dilla Eka Seruni Swasti Pundisari Shafa Yumna Salsabila, Nabila Siti Mutrofin Sovia Rosalin Sri Yanti Suhartati Suhartati Suharto Linuwih Suhernadi, Arif Sumah , Astrid Sri Wahyuni Sumah, Astrid Sri Wahyuni Suprihatin*, Suprihatin Tasya Salsabilah, Farah Taufiqulloh Taufiqulloh Tutik Setianingsih Ulfa Andayani, Ulfa Ulfa Anggraini Ummi Hiras Habisukan, Ummi Hiras Vivid Ayu Lestari, Vivid Ayu Wahdah, I'anatul Wahyu Lestari Wahyu Santoso Wibisono, Gilang Kopa Widjaya, Robert R. Wisnu Sunarto Wiyanto - Wulandari Saputri, Wulandari Yenny Kornitasari Yenny Kornitasari, Yenny Yoandra Nadya Yoniansyah Yulia Nur Ekawati Yuniar Ponco Prananto Yuvita Yuvita