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Suwardji
Program Studi Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mataram, Indonesia
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Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah Tercemar Merkuri Dengan Berbagai Modifikasi Pemberian Biochar Dan Tanaman Akar Wangi (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Aprianti, Irma; Suwardji, Suwardji; Sukartono, Sukartono; Mulyati, Mulyati; Kusnarta, IGM.
JURNAL SAINS TEKNOLOGI & LINGKUNGAN Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL SAINS TEKNOLOGI & LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jstl.v10i2.613

Abstract

The aims of this research is to determine changes in the chemical properties of mercury-contaminated soil with various modifications in the application of corn cob biochar and vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.). This research used an experimental method with an ex-situ remediation approach which was carried out from October 2023 to January 2024 in greenhouse. Sampling of mercury-contaminated soil was carried out on former traditional gold mining land in Segubuk Hamlet, Kuang Village, Taliwang Sub-District, West Sumbawa Regency. Soil sampling was taken from 13 locations determined by purposive sampling and carried out using a soil drill. Soil pH H2O, C-organic and CEC as well as analysis of the total concentration of mercury (Hg) in the soil were analysed before and after the experiment. The results showed that the application of corn cob biochar alone and corn cob biochar planted with vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) had a significant effect) on changes in soil chemical properties and was effective in reducing the concentration of mercury (Hg) in the soil. Corn cob biochar application can improve soil chemical properties by increasing soil pH, organic C, and soil CEC. On the other hand, the release of H+ ions from the carboxyl functional group (-COOH) in corn cob biochar has the opportunity to form complexes with heavy metal ions so that it can reduce their concentration of mercury in the soil.
Study of Land's Carrying Capacity on The Availability and Need For Staple Foods in The City of Mataram Rusdiani, Rusdiani; Suwardji, Suwardji; Mulyati, Mulyati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2.6909

Abstract

Increasing the area of rice fields, harvest area, planting area, rice productivity and rice production can increase the availability of staple foods. This aims of this study 1) to analyze the carrying capacity of agricultural land in supporting food security in Mataram City. 2) to determine the availability and need for staple food (rice) in Mataram City. The research method used quantitative descriptive methods using secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency of City of Mataram and other related agencies in Mataram City in 2023. Data was analysed using land carrying capacity analysis and analysis of the availability and demand for rice in the City of Mataram. The results of the research showed that 1) the carrying capacity of agricultural land in the City of Mataram is 0.0231 or less than 1, meaning that the need for rice in the City of Mataram has not been able to be met from the existing agricultural land area and the current rice production, 2) The availability of rice in the City Mataram in 2023 is 13,510.83 tonnes, while the demand for rice is 67,980.76 tonnes, resulting in a shortage (deficit) of rice demand of 54,469.93 tonnes or a deficit in rice availability of 400%.
The Use of Biochard for Improving Soil Quality and Environmental Services Kusman, Hardi; Mulyati, Mulyati; Suwardji, Suwardji
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7199

Abstract

Biochar is recognized as a versatile and sustainable tool for improving agricultural and environmental conditions due to its unique physicochemical properties, such as soil fertility, nutrient retention and water holding capacity. The presence of biochar, which contains stabilized carbon, not only has a positive impact on plant growth and crop yields through microbial activity, but can also act as a sorbent to remove contaminants from soil and water. However, the use of biochar in soil and its effects on ecosystem services depend on several factors. This article explores the impact of biochar use on soil and the potential to address ecosystem service challenges by improving soil composition, increasing access to water, and removing contaminants, all to promote sustainable agriculture. The method of this article consists of a literature review by collecting data from various sources such as scientific journals, books and seminar proceedings. The data obtained were qualitatively analyzed to review and identify the information, resulting in a critical and comprehensive explanation and discussion of the role of biochar in improving soil and environmental quality for environmental services. The results of the literature review are presented in the form of a coherent, systematic and critical narrative. The results of this article review indicate that on-farm biochar application contributes significantly to climate change mitigation through various mechanisms, including biochar's ability to sequester carbon, improve soil quality, and minimize greenhouse gas emissions.
Potential of Black Rice Mutants (M4) Through Genetic Parameters to Develop Superior Drought-Resistant Varieties Irmayani, Irmayani; Fauzi, Taufik; Sudharmawan, A. A. Ketut; Mulyati, Mulyati; Suwardji, Suwardji
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7208

Abstract

Rice plays an important role in meeting carbohydrate requirement and calorie needs to ensure food security. However, in recent years, rice productivity has decreased due to land conversion and climate change such as El Niño. The productivity of drought-resistant rice can be increased through breeding. Genetic diversity and heritability are important genetic parameters in the plant breeding process. Information about genetic diversity and heritability helps determine genetic progress through selection. This research aims to examine the potential genetic diversity and heritability of several mutant lines (M4) of black rice (G10) in order to develop superior rice varieties that are adaptive to dry land. In this research, we used experimental methods using a Randomized Block Design (RBD), calculating the value of the Genetic Diversity Coefficient (GDC) and heritability between quantitative characters. The results of narrow genetic research were found in the characteristics of the number of productive tillers and weight of 100 grains, while high heritability was found in the characters of plant height, moderate heritability was found in the total number of tillers, panicle length, number of empty grains per panicle, and weight of 100 grains. Overall, this research succeeded in identifying mutant lines (M4) of black rice (G10) which have the potential to be developed into superior varieties, especially for cultivation in dry land.
Potential of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Overcome Drought Stress and Low Nutrient Availability in Dryland Farming Yunita, Mira; Fauzi, Taufik; Suwardji, Suwardji; Sudharmawan, A. A. Ketut; Mulyati, Mulyati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7209

Abstract

There is an increasing rate of land conversion in Indonesia that can threaten food self-sufficiency. Therefore farmers and the government must expand agriculture by developing agriculture on potential available lands such as drylands. However, drylands in Indonesia have low productivity due to low water and nutrient availability. This article aims to determine the potential use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to overcome drought stress and low nutrient availability in drylands. The method used in writing this article is a desk literature study conducted by collecting data from various sources, such as scientific journals, seminar proceedings, and online reports available in related government office in West Nusatenggara Province. The data obtained were then analyzed qualitatively by identifying, reviewing, and synthesizing information to produce a complete and comprehensive explanation. The results of the literature study showed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have the potential to overcome drought stress and low nutrient availability in drylands. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can be a sustainable solution to increase agricultural productivity in drylands.
Potential UV (Ultra Violete) Plastic Shade in Increasing Soil Fertility and Controlling Whitefly Pest in Dry Land Husni, Ika Rauhul; Fauzi, Taufik; Suwardji, Suwardji; Sudharmawan, A. A. Ketut; Mulyati, Mulyati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7210

Abstract

The whitefly is a pest that frequently infests cultivated plants, causing both direct and indirect damage that can significantly reduce crop yields. In addition to whitefly infestations, declining soil fertility is another factor that can lead to decreased production. One potential solution to these issues is the use of UV plastic shade. This method can help reduce the population of whitefly pests. This article aims to explore the effectiveness of UV plastic shade in enhancing soil fertility and reducing whitefly presence in arid regions. The research methodology employed is descriptive, utilizing a literature review of sources such as scientific articles, books, journals, discussions, and previous research findings. UV plastic shade has been found to increase the availability of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil, thereby promoting soil fertility and plant growth. Additionally, UV plastic shade can reduce whitefly populations in dry areas by disrupting their life cycle and behavior.
The Potential of Providing Chicken Manure in Improving Soil Health in Dry Lands Safta, Laila; Fauzi, Taufik; Suwardji, Suwardji; Sudharmawan, A. A. Ketut; Mulyati, Mulyati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7211

Abstract

Despite having a considerable potential area, the optimal utilization of dry land is challenging due to the generally low soil moisture content and fertility of dry land in Indonesia. This is evidenced by the intrinsically low organic matter content in dryland soils. Therefore, this article aims to provide information on the potential application of chicken manure to enhance soil fertility and health or to rehabilitate suboptimal dry lands in Indonesia. The methodology used in this article is qualitative, based on a literature review. One approach to improving the condition of dry land in Indonesia is the application of chicken manure, which acts as a soil conditioner and enhances overall soil fertility and health. The results of the study indicate that using chicken manure on dry land can increase crop production, thereby positively correlating with the profits of dry-land farmers.
Potential Combination of Phytoremediation Plants and Compost in Remediation of Hg in Ex-Gold Mine Soil Contaminated Mercury (Hg) Amri, Amarrusli Ali; Fauzi, Taufik; Sudharmawan, A. A. Ketut; Mulyati, Mulyati; Suwardji, Suwardji
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7243

Abstract

Heavy metal mercury pollution in the environment can have negative impacts on both surrounding ecosystems and human health. Sources of mercury pollution often come from mining activities, particularly from many unlicensed gold mines (PETI) that use the mercury amalgamation method to extract gold. Due to the persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic nature of mercury, contamination in the soil has increased. One effort to reduce mercury toxicity is the application of absorption methods using phytoremediation plants and compost as regulating factors. The aim of this study is to review sources of information related to the use of phytoremediation plants and the application of compost as remediators to clean mercury (Hg)-contaminated soil. To reduce levels of heavy metal contamination, plants employ five phytoremediation mechanisms: phytoextraction, phytostabilization, rhizofiltration, phyto degradation, and phytovolatilization. Therefore, selecting hyperaccumulator plants that have the ability to accumulate mercury (Hg) at levels 100 times higher than ordinary plants is crucial for effective remediation. Additionally, the use of compost as a source of organic material can enhance mercury mobility. The addition of organic materials such as compost can increase C organic content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, and Hg-chelate formation, thereby maximizing mercury absorption by plants. This combination has a positive impact on reducing mercury levels in the soil and is environmentally safe.
Management Strategies for Maize Cultivation in Drylands through Soil Tillage Techniques and Fertilizer Efficiency Arum Dewi, Pervitara; Mulyati, Mulyati; Suwardji, Suwardji
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8117

Abstract

Dryland in Indonesia covers approximately 75.6% of the total land area, with a significant portion utilized for agriculture, including maize cultivation. However, the main challenge in maize farming on dryland is the low organic matter content and soil fertility, which can affect growth and yield. This study aims to review various soil tillage techniques and the application of both organic and inorganic fertilizers in maize cultivation on dryland. The soil tillage techniques examined include no-tillage, minimum tillage, and intensive tillage, focusing on fertilization efficiency and the sustainability of land management practices. The methodology employed was a literature review, analyzing publications indexed in SINTA and/or Scopus between 2019 and 2024. The results of the study indicate that the minimum tillage treatment provided the best results, with phosphorus availability of 17.55 mg/kg, potassium of 0.78 cmol/kg, and an increase in organic carbon to 2.44%, along with a slightly alkaline soil pH of 7.65. Minimum tillage was found to be effective in improving soil fertility without causing significant changes in pH, making it the best option for sustainable maize cultivation on dryland.
Upaya Mengurangi Pencemaran Merkuri dengan Menggunakan Rumput Vetiver di Desa Pelangan Kecamatan Sekotong I Gusti Made Kusnarta; Zuhdiyah Matienatul Iemaaniah; Suwardji; Padusung; Fahrudin
Jurnal SIAR ILMUWAN TANI Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Siar Ilmuwan Tani
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jsit.v6i2.209

Abstract

Tambang emas yang ditambang secara tradisional atau biasa disebut sebagai Penambangan Emas Skala Kecil (PESK) biasa menggunakan merkuri pada proses pemisahan bijinya yang mengakibatkan terjadinya pencemaran. Desa Pelangan Kecamatan Sekotong merupakan salah satu desa yang masyarakatnya aktif melakukan penambangan emas. Akumulasi pencemaran merkuri terus mengalami peningkatan, disisi lain upaya untuk melakukan pengurangan akumulasi pencemaran merkuri tidak pernah dilakukan oleh masyarakat sebelumnya. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan di Desa Pelangan dengan mitra Kelompok Pemuda Tanker dan Karang taruna sejumlah 15 orang yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 8 dan 10 bulan juli 2025. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk menyadarkan bahaya merkuri, serta memberikan kesadaran pada masyarakat tentang upaya mengurangi kandungan merkuri pada tanah yang tercemar melalui upaya fitoremediasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi dan demontrasi penanaman vetiver. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan terkait upaya mengurangi pencemaran merkuri. Peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat meningkat 75% dari pengetahuan awal yang hanya sekitar 25% pada poin pengetahuan terhadap adanya pencemaran merkuri di lingkungan mereka.
Co-Authors A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan A. Farid Hemon 2) A.A Sudharmawan A.A. Ketut Sudharmawan AA Sudharmawan, AA AB, Baharuddin Abdul Syukur Abdus Syakur Assopi Agil Al Idrus Agus Suroso Ahmad Raksun Ahmad Suriadi Al Majid, Aqshaldi Azayaka Alkhairi, Muhammad Alvin Janitera Amri, Amarrusli Ali Amuddin -, Amuddin Amuddin Amuddin, Amuddin Anbary, Yasmin Afra Anggereni, Tara Gita Anggreny Dewatary, Dhea Anisah Resty U Annisa Suryanti Apriadi, Apriadi Aprianti, Irma Ardianti, Risma Arum Dewi, Pervitara Aryabakti, Lalu Arifin Aryadi, Irwin Auliya Safitri Aziz, Muhamad Darul Amimi Baharuddin Baharuddin Baharuddin Baharuddin Bakti, Lalu Arifin Aria Bambang Dipo Kusumo Bambang Hari Kusumo Bangkit Maulana, Bangkit Caesario Susmadi M Diah Miftahul Aini Dita Apliza Edwin, Pratama Eko Basuki, Eko Endah - Herlina Eviani, Sri Fadli Fadli fahrudin Fahrudin Fahrudin Fajriani, Nurdani Fauzi, M Taufik Fauzi, Taufik Febriana Sri Wahyuni Feby Umaroh I Firda Salzabilla Syehan Firda Widya Sari Firman Abadi Saputra Hadromy Hawari Hamkary Salam, Riza Hanipah Hapsari Hurum, Puji Huda, Ahlul Fikri Amrul Husni Idris Husni, Ika Rauhul I Dewa Gede Jaya Negara I Gusti Made Kusnarta I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana I Made Sudantha I Wayan Sudika Ibrahim Ilmi , Lalu Bahrul Ilwati, Uun Irmayani Irmayani Irniatun Hasanah Irwin Aryadi Islami, Muhammad Dinul Ismail Yasin Isnaniar Rahmatul Azizah Iswara , Baiq Sagia Febrina Izomil Fathoni Jayus Kharisma Hendra Joko Priyono Joko Sumarsono Kusman, Hardi Kusnarta, IGM. Lalu Arifin Aria Bakti Lalu Kurniawan Larassaty Octaprama Lestari Ujianto, Lestari Lolita Endang Susilowati Lukmanul Hakim Luxanti, Sifa Rajasmin M Thoriq Panji A M Zul Qurnain M. Fahed Ramadhan M. Sarjan, M. M. Taufik Fauzi M. Taufik Fauzi M. Taufik Fauzi, M. Taufik Mahardhika, Baiq Eliza Prizma Mansur Ma’shum Mariani Mariani Mariani Mariatul Quro Maulidyasari Maya Rizki A Mimi Atiatun R Muh Hayatullah Muhammad Dinul Islami Muhammad Khiorul A Muhammad Sarjan Muhammad Syaihul Ahzami Mulyati Mulyati Mulyati Mulyati Mulyati Mulyati Mulyati mulyati mulyati Nadira Nahendra, Yusrisal Nani Herawati Nggolo, Baghdad Cahyo Nisa, Khaerun Nopiana Fitri Nurfaizah Nurlina Nurrachman Nurul Putri P Padusung Padusung Padusung Padusung, Padusung parman parman Parta Tanaya Pramadya Sudantha Puji Hapsari Hurum Putri, Fadila Rahmatika Putri, Mega Utami Regina Rachmat Agumdhana Raodatul Putri Rasyda, Riezka Zuhriatika Rengga Astrada Ria Rustiana Rida Olina C Ridha Ayumnuazmi Riezka Zuhriatika Rasyda Rinda Astri Vianti Rindu Salsabila Ulayya Rismawati Sudarsih Rudy Fermana Rusdiani, Rusdiani Sabaniartha, Ni Nengah Anatasya Sabariyah Sadmaka 1) Safira Mawaddah Safitri, Rifani Aulia Safta, Laila Salta, Legina Aldaeska Saputra, Andika Nellsen Sartika, Luwy Satya, M. Erik Panji Dwi Selvia, Siska Ita Siska Ita Selvia Siti Raihanun Siti Rohmaniati, Baiq Sofia Dianti Y Sopia Hidayati Sri Tejowulan Sudarmawan, AA Ketut Sudharmawan, A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan, A.A. Ketut Sukartno Sukartono Sukartono Sukartono Sukartono Sukartono Sukartono Sulfaida Pratami Suparman Tamimi, M. Harjiman Taslim Sjah Taufik Fauzi Tejo Wulan Tejo Wulan Tribhuana Tungga Dewi Ulayya, Rindu Salsabila U’ul Efriyanti Prayoba Verina Januati Wargadalam W.H. Utomo Wayan Wangiyana Welmy Soumena Yudi Apriyan Yunita, Mira Yusrisal Nahendra Zaenal Arifin Zahratul Aeni Zakaria, Abdul Wahid Zubaidi, Akhmad Zuhdiyah Matienatul Iemaaniah