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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Universa Medicina Syifa' MEDIKA: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Buletin Ilmiah Nagari Membangun Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Sumatera Medical Journal Indonesian Journal of Health Sciences Research and Development (IJHSRD) Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia (JIKSI) JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy
Dwitya Elvira, Dwitya
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Veterinary Other

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Allergy on HIV Infections: A Narrative Literature Review Muhammad Iqbal Andreas; Dwitya Elvira; Raveinal
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v7i2.771

Abstract

HIV infection causes not only immune insufficiency but also immune dysregulation. Following HIV infection, cytokine profiles change, with a production of IL-4 rising along with IL-5 and a decrease in INF-g. This literature review aimed to describe allergy on HIV infection. At the initial phase after infection, cytokines produced by Th1 and Th2 are balanced, but later as the infection progresses, cytokines produced by Th2 will rise, while cytokines produced by Th1 will fall. Elevation of IL-4 will make B cells produce more IgE. Patients with even lower CD4 still have this allergic phenomenon caused by IgE. Allergic manifestations of HIV include rhinitis, asthma, adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDR), immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, hyperallergic state (IRIS), and atopic dermatitis. In conclusion, it is important to consider allergic manifestations even in AIDS patients, especially incidents of ACDR and IRIS, which can be life-threatening.
Characteristics of Adult Sepsis Patients Admitted to Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia Elvia Fataya; Fadrian; Mustafa Noer; Dwitya Elvira; Yuliarni Syafrita; Netti Suharti
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 7 No. 3 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v7i3.791

Abstract

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction resulting from a dysregulated host response to infection. Septic shock is the most dangerous complication of sepsis, characterized by abnormalities in the circulatory and metabolic systems. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of adult sepsis patients admitted to the department of internal medicine of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. Methods: This research was a descriptive study and used secondary data from medical records. Samples in this study were medical record data from the medical record installation of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria were adult patients aged more than 18 years old, diagnosed with sepsis, and hospitalized in the department of internal medicine for the period of January 2020 to December 2021. Results: Most of the sepsis patients were mostly aged more than 60 years old (51.7%), female (57.2%), and had normal BMI scores (59.3%). The infections mainly originated from the lungs (80%), the most common comorbid disease was chronic kidney disease (26.4%), the most frequent causing microorganism was Escherichia coli (15.9%), the frequent degree of severity was a septic shock (60%), and cefepime was used as the initial empirical antibiotic (44.8%). Conclusion: Most sepsis patients were adults aged more than 60 years old and females, with the focus on infection originating from the lungs, degree of severity in the form of septic shock, and the most used initial empirical antibiotic, namely cefepime.
Target Therapy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Literature Review Muhamad Delfin; Raveinal; Dwitya Elvira
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 7 No. 10 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v7i10.876

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against cells and involves many organ systems in the body. The Lupus Foundation of America estimates that around 1.5 million cases occur in America and at least 5 million cases occur worldwide. Every year it is estimated that there are around 16 thousand new cases of SLE. Various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor (TGF), interleukin-10, B cell activating factor (BAFF), interferon-α, interleukin-17, and interleukin-23 play an important pathogenic role. Disruption of apoptotic cells and immune complexes is an important contributor to the development of this disease. Loss of immune tolerance increases antigenic load, excessive role of T cells, impaired B cell suppression and impaired transition of the immune response from T helper 1 (Th1) to Th2 which causes hyperactivity of B cells and produces pathogenic autoantibodies. The management of cases of severe or refractory SLE to conventional therapy has attracted a lot of attention in recent years, so that many researchers have developed several targeted therapies that have been tested on SLE, such as anti-CD 20 and CD 22 antibodies and BAFF inhibitors found in B lymphocyte cells. The Rituximab anti-CD 20 antibody target has been clinically proven to be able to improve the severity of SLE, while the effectiveness of other targeted therapies is still under research.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Alergi Obat Poedjijo, Yanuar Saputra; Raveinal, Raveinal; Elvira, Dwitya
Syifa'Medika Vol 15, No 1 (2024): Syifa' MEDIKA: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/sm.v15i1.7504

Abstract

Penggunaan obat memiliki risiko terjadinya reaksi simpang obat yang disebut dengan “Adverse Drug Reaction” (ADR). Reaksi simpang obat didefinisikan sebagai reaksi yang tidak diinginkan atau merugikan akibat penggunaan suatu obat yang terjadi pada dosis tertentu. Reaksi simpang obat dapat dibedakan menjadi tipe A dan tipe B yang dipengaruhi oleh farmakogenetik dan reaksi hipersensitivitas. Reaksi simpang obat tipe A diantaranya adalah toksisitas obat (drug overdose), efek samping umum obat, efek sekunder, dan interaksi obat. Reaksi simpang obat tipe B diantaranya adalah alergi dan hipersensitifitas. Reaksi hipersensitif dapat dibedakan menjadi reaksi tipe I, II, III, dan IVa, IVb, IVc, IVd. Penegakan diagnosis alergi obat harus dilakukan dengan anamnesis lengkap, pemeriksaan fisik dan penunjang seperti skin testing dan laboratorium. Prinsip pengobatan alergi obat yaitu dengan menghentikan segera pemberian obat yang dicurigai dapat menimbulkan gejala. Tatalaksana alergi obat dapat diberikan secara non-farmalokogis seperti desensitisasi dan secara farmakologis yang bersifat suportif dan simptomatis. sering dijumpai over diagnosis atau under diagnosis dalam kejadian alergi obat dan berdampak buruk pada kualitas hidup pasien. Berdasarkan latar belakang diatas, tinjauan kepustakaan ini ditulis untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai mekanisme terjadinya alergi obat sehingga dapat menegakan diagnosis dan tatalaksana alergi obat yang tepat.
Hubungan Kadar Enzim Transaminase Pasien COVID-19 dengan Derajat Keparahan Penyakit di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Rahmadina, Rahmadina; Herman, Deddy; Efrida, Efrida; Almurdi, Almurdi; Russilawati, Russilawati; Elvira, Dwitya
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 13, No 1 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v13i1.2205

Abstract

Liver injury can be caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), characterized by increased levels of transaminase enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase/AST and alanine aminotransferase/ALT). Objective: To determined the correlation between transaminase enzyme levels and the severity of COVID-19 in Dr. M. Djamil Central Public Hospital, Padang. Methods: This was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained randomly from medical records of confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital from June to August 2021, with moderate, severe, and critical severity based on Indonesian Ministry of Health criteria. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to examine the distribution and correlation between variables and a simple logistic regression test to assess the level of risk between variables. Results: 57,80% had abnormal AST, and 44,95% had abnormal ALT. The median AST was highest in the critical group, while the median ALT was highest in the severe group. The distribution of sex and age group were significantly different based on AST and ALT levels, and the distribution of patients with coronary heart disease was significantly different based on ALT levels. Transaminase enzyme levels had a significant correlation with the severity of COVID-19 (p-value = 0,00). Patients with critical degrees had the highest risk for abnormal AST and severe degrees had the highest risk for abnormal ALT. Conclusion: Transaminase enzymes have a significant correlation with the severity of COVID-19.Keywords:  COVID-19, liver injury, transaminases, disease severity
Hubungan Kadar Enzim Transaminase Pasien COVID-19 dengan Derajat Keparahan Penyakit di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Rahmadina, Rahmadina; Herman, Deddy; Efrida, Efrida; Almurdi, Almurdi; Russilawati, Russilawati; Elvira, Dwitya
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v13i1.2205

Abstract

Liver injury can be caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), characterized by increased levels of transaminase enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase/AST and alanine aminotransferase/ALT). Objective: To determined the correlation between transaminase enzyme levels and the severity of COVID-19 in Dr. M. Djamil Central Public Hospital, Padang. Methods: This was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained randomly from medical records of confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital from June to August 2021, with moderate, severe, and critical severity based on Indonesian Ministry of Health criteria. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to examine the distribution and correlation between variables and a simple logistic regression test to assess the level of risk between variables. Results: 57,80% had abnormal AST, and 44,95% had abnormal ALT. The median AST was highest in the critical group, while the median ALT was highest in the severe group. The distribution of sex and age group were significantly different based on AST and ALT levels, and the distribution of patients with coronary heart disease was significantly different based on ALT levels. Transaminase enzyme levels had a significant correlation with the severity of COVID-19 (p-value = 0,00). Patients with critical degrees had the highest risk for abnormal AST and severe degrees had the highest risk for abnormal ALT. Conclusion: Transaminase enzymes have a significant correlation with the severity of COVID-19.Keywords:  COVID-19, liver injury, transaminases, disease severity
Profil Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Ulkus Kaki Diabetik di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2020-2021 Jannah, Lidya Raudhatul; Elvira, Dwitya; Noer, Mustafa; Decroli, Eva; Saputra, Deddy; Linosefa, Linosefa
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jikesi.v5i2.1114

Abstract

Abstrak Latar Belakang: Ulkus kaki diabetik menjadi permasalahan di Indonesia karena sedikitnya tenaga kesehatan yang menggeluti ulkus kaki diabetik, sedikit pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai ulkus kaki diabetik, dan biaya penatalaksanaan yang besar. Objektif: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan ulkus kaki diabetik di RSUP Dr.M. Djamil Padang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien dengan diagnosis ulkus kaki diabetik yang berobat di RSUP Dr.M. Djamil Padang periode 2020-2021. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sebanyak 93 sampel. Data menggunakan jenis univariat dan penyajian data dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasien ulkus kaki diabetik paling banyak berada pada usia >55-65 tahun (41,9%), jenis kelamin perempuan (52,7%), tidak bekerja/ IRT (44,1%), tingkat pendidikan terakhir SLTA (55,9%). Derajat ulkus 5 (37,6%), lama rawatan 6-10 hari (40,9%), tekanan darah normal (43,1%). Hasil laboratorium menunjukkan keadaan anemia sedang (47,3%), hipoalbuminemia (96,8%), hiperglikemia (54,8%). Tatalaksana dengan pemberian kombinasi dua antibiotik (59,1%), terapi bedah debridemen (30,2%), kondisi pasien membaik saat dipulangkan (63,4%). Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu sebagian besar pasien ulkus kaki diabetik adalah perempuan lansia akhir dengan kondisi anemia, hipoalbuminemia, hiperglikemia. Tatalaksana yang umum diberikan adalah pemberian kombinasi dua antibiotik dan debridemen dengan luaran pasien membaik. Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus tipe 2, pasien ulkus kaki diabetik, profil Abstract Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are a problem in Indonesia because of the lack healthcare professional on diabetic foot ulcers, little public knowledge about diabetic foot ulcers, and high management costs. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of type 2 DM patients with diabetic foot ulcers at RSUP Dr.M. Djamil Padang. Methods: This study was an observational descriptive with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was patients diagnosed with diabetic foot ulcers at RSUP Dr.M. Djamil Padang for the 2020-2021 period. The total sampling technique was used to collect a total of 93 samples. The collecting data was analyze by univariat and presented with frequency distribution tables. Results: The results of this study were the most diabetic foot ulcer patients were in the age group >55-65 years (41.9%), female (52.7%), unemployed/housewife (44.1%), and high school education (55.9%). The most ulcer grade 5 (37.6%), treatment duration was 6-10 days (40.9%) and normal blood pressure (43.1%). Laboratory results showed the conditions of moderate anemia (47.3%), hypoalbuminemia (96.8%), and hyperglycemia (54.8%). Management given was a two combination of antibiotics (59.1%), debridementt therapy (30.2%), the patient's condition improved when being discharged (63.4%). Conclusion: This study concluded that the majority of patients with diabetic foot ulcers were elderly women with anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperglycemia. The most common management given was a combination of two antibiotics and debridementt, which resulted in improved patient outcomes. Patients who are at high risk are expected to be more aware of the appearance of symptoms and clinicians are expected to be able to manage patients comprehensively. Keyword : Diabetic foot ulcer patient, profile, type 2 diabetes mellitus
HIV‑1 drug‑resistance mutations and related risk factors among HIV‑1‑positive individuals receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy Elvira, Dwitya; Rahayuningsih, Sri Puji; Nadia, Rizka; Masri, Raveinal
Universa Medicina Vol. 44 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2025.v44.57-64

Abstract

Background Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a global health issue. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) controls HIV progression, but widespread use had led to drug resistance mutations (DRMs) such as M184V and K103N, compromising treatment efficacy. This study assessed the prevalence of these mutations and identified associated risk factors in patients with first-line nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-based ART. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 80 HIV patients aged > 18 years who had been on NRTI and non-NRTI (NNRTI) therapy for >6 months. Data included sociodemographic characteristics, ART adherence, opportunistic infections, viral load, CD4 count, treatment duration, ART regimen, and presence of M184V and/or K103N mutations. Genetic analysis was performed and statistical associations were assessed using simple and multivariate logistic regression. Results M184V and/or K103N mutations were detected in 8 patients (10%), significantly associated with poor ART adherence (p<0.01), detectable viral load (p<0.01) and male gender (p=0.048), but not with age (p=0.653), body mass index (p=0.661), opportunistic infections (p=0.938), CD4 count (p=0.265), and treatment duration (p=0.365). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that poor ART adherence was associated with a decreased risk of mutations compared to good adherence (OR = 0.73, 95% CI:0.012-0.427) and male patients had a 10-fold higher risk compared to females (OR = 10.03, 95% CI:1.033-97.350). Conclusion This study demonstrated that male gender was significantly associated with an increased risk of mutations, while poor ART adherence showed an unexpected inverse association. Strengthening adherence support programs remains essential to preventing drug resistance mutations and ensuring treatment efficacy.
EDUKASI COVID-19 DAN VAKSINASI BAGI MASYARAKAT DI KAMPUNG BATU BUSUAK KECAMATAN PAUH KOTA PADANG Saptino Miro; Roza Kurniati; Dwitya Elvira; Arina Widya Murni; Raveinal Raveinal; Alexander Kam
BULETIN ILMIAH NAGARI MEMBANGUN Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : LPPM (Institute for Research and Community Services) Universitas Andalas Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/bina.v5i1.398

Abstract

Infectious diseases are still a major health issue that requires serious treatment. The covid-19 is now one of the significant infectious diseases worldwide marked by rapid contagion and global spread. The world health organization (who) has defined covid-19 as a global pandemic and the government has set public health emergencies in Indonesia, obliging countermeasures. The covid-19 countermeasures should continue massively with several strategies. In addition to promotive strategies and the application of health protocols, another effective strategy is needed to break off the chain of disease transmission through vaccination efforts. The purpose of the activity is to do the education about covid-19 and the covid-19 vaccination of the people in Kampung Batu Busuak, Kelurahan Limau Manis, Kecamatan Pauh, Padang. The implementation of this activity includes the counseling of covid-19 and the covid-19 vaccination on Saturday, November 13th, 2021. Before counseling, the Questionnaire was issued to assess a public knowledge level on covid-19 and a covid-19 vaccination. From a questionnaire on covid-19 and covid-19 vaccination, the total of people who have already been vaccinated twice is 22 people and 4 with the covid-19 vaccine once. Therefore, still needed counseling about covid-19 and covid-19 vaccination to enhance awareness of the society towards the importance of covid-19 vaccination.
Profil Pasien Luka Bakar dengan Syok Hipovolemik di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2019-2021 Addina, Azka; Saputra, Deddy; Manela, Citra; Fortuna, Fory; Elvira, Dwitya; Putra, Syandrez Prima
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jikesi.v6i2.1304

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Syok hipovolemik adalah suatu keadaan gawat darurat pada luka bakar yang meningkatkan risiko kematian. Pemahaman tentang karakteristik pasien luka bakar dengan syok hipovolemik sangat penting untuk mempercepat penegakan diagnosis dan menurunkan risiko mortalitas. Objektif: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai karakteristik pasien luka bakar yang mengalami syok hipovolemik. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Variabel yang diteliti adalah usia, jenis kelamin, penyebab, derajat luka, luas luka, komorbid, dan fasilitas kesehatan asal. Data penelitian diambil dari data sekunder rekam medis di Instalasi Rekam Medis RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2019-2021. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis univariat yang dilakukan pada setiap variabel penelitian. Hasil: Sebanyak 30 pasien luka bakar dengan syok hipovolemik diikutsertakan ke dalam penelitian. Kasus terbanyak ditemukan pada kelompok usia 36-45 tahun, laki-laki, luka bakar api, derajat full thickness, luas luka 20-39% dan 40-59% TBSA, komorbid penyakit paru, serta rujukan dari rumah sakit tipe C. Kesimpulan: Risiko kejadian syok hipovolemik perlu diwaspadai pada kasus luka bakar usia dewasa akhir, luka bakar pada laki-laki, luka bakar akibat api, luka bakar dengan derajat full thickness serta luka bakar mayor, dan pada kasus dengan komorbid paru.
Co-Authors Abdiana Addina, Azka Adrial Adrial Ahmad, Armen Akmal M. Hanif Alexander Kam Alexander Kam Almurdi Almurdi Amirah Zatil Izzah Aprilia, Dinda Arina Widya Murni Arnelis . Azia Putri Al Jamil Citra Manela Deddy Saputra Deka Viotra Delfin, Muhamad Dian Pertiwi Dinda Aprilia Efrida Efrida Elvia Fataya Eva Decroli Fadrian, Fadrian Faheri, Eifel Firdawati Firdawati Fortuna, Fory Gestina Aliska Gustia Anugrahwati Gustin, Hanna Hendriati, Hendriati Herinda, Dwi Putri Herman, Deddy Ilmiawati, Ilmiawati Jannah, Lidya Raudhatul Julizar Kurniawan, Eka Linosefa Linosefa masri, Raveinal Muhamad Delfin Muhammad Iqbal Andreas Mustafa Noer Mustafa Noer Nadia, Rizka Netti Suharti Netti Suharti, Netti Paishal Mizan Poedjijo, Yanuar Saputra Poedjijo, Yanuar Surya Saputra Rahayuningsih, Sri Puji Rahmadina, Rahmadina Rahmadina, Rahmadina Ramadanti, Zilhadia Mona Raveinal Raveinal Raveinal Raveinal RAVEINAL RAVEINAL Raveinal Raveinal Rido Wandrivel Rijalun Arridho Rikarni Rikarni Rini Gusya Liza, Rini Gusya Rismawati Yaswir Rizka Nadia Rizqy Auliya Lubis Rose Dinda Martini Roza Kurniati Roza Kurniati Roza Kurniati Roza Mulyana RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Rudy Afriant Russilawati, Russilawati Saptino Miro Saptino Miro, Saptino Saputra Poedjijo, Yanuar Surya Siti Nurhajjah Steven, Rios Suci Maulida Syandrez Prima Putra Ulti, Zifa Amanda Vesri Yoga WAHYUDI Wahyudi . Yuliarni Syafrita Yulistini, Yulistini zahra salsabila Zelly Dia Rofinda