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All Journal e-Journal Pustaka Kesehatan Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Majalah Obat Tradisional Multidiciplinary Journal MAGNA MEDICA: Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia Jurnal Ilmiah Edunomika (JIE) BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Pamenang (JIP) Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Eureka Herba Indonesia Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Madani Jurnal EduHealth INDRA: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bidang Sains dan Teknologi JOMPA ABDI: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Journal of Economics and Public Health Journal of World Future Medicine, Health and Nursing Jurnal Kesehatan dr. Soebandi Journal of Pharmacopoeia Dirya : Journal of Economic Management Sadewa: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Pharmacopoeia Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal (IPJ) Halal Science Jurnal Farmasi Islam Kalimantan Jurnal teknologi Kesehatan Borneo
Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan
Bachelor’s Degree Program In Pharmacy, Faculty Of Health Sciences., Universitas Dr. Soebandi, Indonesia
Religion Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Veterinary Other

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Antidiarrhoeal Potential of Secondary Metabolites in Betel Leaf (Piper betle): A Systematic Review with Radar Chart Analysis and AUC Evaluation. Cendekiawan, Khrisna Agung; Kintoko, Kintoko; Yuliani, Sapto; Anggraeni, Linda Suci; Wardhani, Firdha Aprillia; Poerwahyuningrum, Neny
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.594

Abstract

Diarrhoea is a widespread gastrointestinal disorder commonly caused by microbial infection, inflammation, or impaired intestinal function. While synthetic antidiarrhoeal drugs are available, their use is often limited by adverse effects and antimicrobial resistance, prompting increasing interest in medicinal plants such as Piper betle (betel leaf). This study systematically reviewed the literature to identify secondary metabolite compounds in Piper betle with antidiarrhoeal potential and to evaluate their biological activities using Radar Chart Analysis (RCA) and Area Under Curve (AUC) methods. A systematic search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using predefined keywords. Inclusion criteria comprised studies that investigated Piper betle or its secondary metabolites, reported antidiarrhoeal or related bioactivity, and provided quantitative data suitable for comparison. Studies were excluded if they focused solely on synthetic drugs, were not available in full text, or did not report measurable metabolite data. A total of 35 eligible studies were included after screening 176 records. The findings indicate that flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, saponins, and catechins in Piper betle contribute to antidiarrhoeal effects through mechanisms that modulate intestinal motility, reduce fluid secretion, activate anti-inflammatory pathways, and exhibit antimicrobial activity. RCA and AUC analyses further demonstrated substantial variability in metabolite composition and antioxidant capacity across studies. Overall, Piper betle exhibits promising therapeutic potential as a natural antidiarrhoeal agent, although further mechanistic and clinical research is warranted.
In Silico Study of Compounds Bioactive Guava (Psidium guajava) as Antidiarrheal Assisted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy Cendekiawan, Khrisna Agung; Kintoko, Kintoko; Yuliani, Sapto; Anggraeni, Linda Suci; Ningrum, Lailatul Fitria; Hasana, Siti Nur; Wardhani, Firdha Aprillia
Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia 
Publisher : Program Studi Farmasi Universitas Mandala Waluya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35311/jmpi.v11i2.876

Abstract

Guava leaves seeds (Psidium guajava) are known contain various compound potential bioactives? as antidiarrheal, such as quercetin and tannins, which work with method hinder intestinal contractions and disrupts permeability membrane cell bacteria. Research This aim for explore potential antidiarrheal from compound in leaf guava seed through identification compound using LC-MS and simulation molecular docking to six human protein target receptors, namely Cytochrome P450 1A1, Ephrin Type-B Receptor 4, Multidrug Resistance Protein 1, Dihydrofolate Reductase, Extracellular Calcium-Sensing Receptor, and Rap Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 4. Extraction done with method maceration use solvent methanol, then compound analyzed using Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). A total of eleven compound main chosen foranalyzed in silico using device soft AutoDockTools, PyRx, and Discovery Studio. Validation was performed through redocking of native ligands with RMSD value ? 2 Å. The results show some ligands such as Kaempferol, Cathecin, and Quercetin own affinity strong bond, with? Kaempferol show lowest binding energy of -9.72 kcal /mol against BHF receptor. Drug-likeness test based on Lipinski's rule also shows that part big compound fullfil criteria compound drug analysis? interaction amino acids show existence bond hydrogen and hydrophobic support? stability bond. This result show that compound leaf guava seeds, especially Kaempferol and Cathecin, potentially as candidate agent antidiarrheal natural. Further studies in vitro and in vivo are recommended for support findings.
Pharmacological Effects of Curcumin in Chronic Inflammatory Therapy Muntasir Muntasir; Anggia Faradina; Tutik Wuryandari; Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan
Journal of Pharmacopoeia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): MARCH-JP
Publisher : Pt. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/r1y2wm33

Abstract

Herbal plants Herbal plants in Indonesia have an important role in traditional medicine and public health. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and mechanism of action of curcumin in chronic inflammatory therapy. This study employs the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology.. This study uses a database from Scopus of 9 Scopus articles from the range of 2020 to 2025. There are three stages carried out in mapping the effectiveness and mechanism of action of curcumin in chronic inflammatory therapy, namely data harvesting, screening data and Data Analysis and Visualization. The results obtained are that curcumin is effective in chronic inflammatory therapy by inhibiting the main inflammatory pathways (NF-ƙB and JAK/STAT), has antioxidant effects, accelerates tissue regeneration, and functions as an immunomodulator. However, the limited bioavailability of curcumin presents a significant challenge in its application. Nanoformulation technology and its combination with compounds like CMPs can enhance its effectiveness in clinical therapy.The implications of this research are directed to researchers, the community and the government
Effectiveness of Antibiotic Use in the Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections Andika Alfiansyah; Fadli Fadli; Lutvi Anggraeni; Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan
Journal of Pharmacopoeia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): MARCH-JP
Publisher : Pt. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/6tqjqh98

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the use of antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of respiratory tract infections. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. There are three stages carried out in mapping the effectiveness of antibiotic use in the prevention and treatment of respiratory tract infections, namely: 1) harvesting data, 2) screening data, and 3) Data Analysis and Visualization. This study uses a database from Scopus with scientific journals as many as 9 articles from the range of 2021 to 2024. The effectiveness of antibiotic use in the prevention and treatment of respiratory tract infections is influenced by a variety of factors, including patient adherence, duration of therapy, and vaccine availability and use. Excessive or improper use of antibiotics can increase bacterial resistance, so more sustainable strategies, such as vaccination and stricter antibiotic use policies, are needed to improve the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of respiratory tract infections. The implications of this study are expected to be useful for future researchers and can be used in clinical applications
Antibiotics And Bacterial Resistance: A Global Challenge That Needs To Be Addressed Sugiah Sugiah; Fadli Fadli; Fitria Hariati; Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan
Journal of Pharmacopoeia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): MARCH-JP
Publisher : Pt. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/mwb7an91

Abstract

This study aims to explore the global challenges faced in addressing bacterial resistance to antibiotics, which are now one of the most serious health threats in the world. This study was conducted through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by searching scientific articles from various databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the keywords "antibiotic resistance", "global health", "treatment failure", and "resistance mechanisms". The articles analyzed are publications in the last 10 years, focusing on the causes of resistance, their impact on global health, and countermeasures that have been carried out. The results of the study show that antibiotic resistance is mainly caused by the inappropriate use of antibiotics in the medical and non-medical sectors, lack of distribution supervision, and lack of development of new antibiotics. To overcome this, a comprehensive approach is needed, including increasing public education and health workers, strengthening regulations, and developing alternative therapies such as phagotherapy and vaccines. Without proper treatment, antibiotic resistance can lead to infection treatment failure, increased mortality rates, and burden the global health system
Potential Hyperglycemia In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Due To Drug Interactions At Hospital Avrillana Dewangi Gea Ayunda Diarso; Shinta Mayasari; Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v1i2.19

Abstract

Background: Hyperglycemia is a medical condition in the form of an increase in blood glucose levels beyond normal limits with a blood sugar concentration of ≥200 mg/dl. Hyperglycemia that is not well controlled can cause serious disorders of the body's systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels. Based on WHO data, the prevalence of type 2 DM with the potential for hyperglycemia in the world in 2019 was 5.3%. This figure is expected to increase to 6.3% in 2030. Objective: This research was conducted to determine the potential for hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients due to drug interactions at one of hospital in Jember. Method: This research uses a quantitative design with retrospective data collection, namely research obtained based on information from patient medical records. The population in this study was 539 patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus for the period January-December 2022. The sample from this study was type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who met the inclusion criteria. Sampling was calculated using the Slovin formula using random sampling techniques and the results obtained were 84 medical record samples. Analysis using univariate. Data is displayed in frequency and percentage form. Data processing uses Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Results: Most of the drugs received by type 2 diabetes mellitus patients experienced interactions that had the potential to cause hyperglycemia with blood sugar levels ≥200 mg/dl (96.43%) and a moderate clinical significance level of 70.24%. Conclusion: There is a potential for hyperglycemia caused by diabetes drug interactions. Monitoring drug interactions and effective treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus needs to be carried out to achieve optimal therapy targets and increase awareness of healthy lifestyles in diabetes management.
Potential Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Due to Drug Interactions in Citra Husada Hospital Elisa wardatul awaliya; shinta mayasari; khrisna agung cendekiawan
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v1i2.24

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder disease characterized by an increase in blood glucose due to decreased insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells, insulin disorders or resistance. The main risks that are commonly found in every patient diagnosed with DM disease include hypoglycemia. In a study conducted at a public hospital in Jakarta, 186 incidents of interaction of antidiabetic drugs with other drugs that have hypoglycemia potential with a moderate clinical significance level of 83.8% were found. The potential for drug interactions in DM patients is still very frequent. This can be caused by the number of drugs that are often used (Polipharmacy or multiple drug therapy). The purpose of this study is to identify the potential for hypoglycemia in type 2 DM patients due to drug interactions at Citra Husada Jember hospital. This type of research is qualitative research with retrospective data collection. The design of this study uses a cross-sectional design. The population of this study is 662 medical record data of outpatients with type 2 diabetes for the period of January – December 2022. Data analysis uses univariate analysis. In this study, most patients have the potential to experience hypoglycemia.
Mycotoxicological Profiling and Chromatographic Characterization of Retail Spices: A Mechanistic Evaluation of Microclimatic Packaging Dynamics on Aflatoxin Biosynthesis in Tropical Environments Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan; Linda Suci Anggraeni; Firdha Aprillia Wardhani; Rina Fitriana
Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/nasetjournal.v6i1.75

Abstract

Spices produced in equatorial tropical climates are highly susceptible to mycotoxin contamination. Aflatoxin, a carcinogenic secondary metabolite synthesized by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, poses a severe global public health threat by inducing hepatotoxicity and transversion mutations. This study investigates the prevalence of toxigenic fungi and quantifies aflatoxin analogues in retail culinary spices across varying microclimatic environments. An observational surveillance study was conducted using purposive sampling of onion, turmeric, and pepper matrices from traditional markets and modern supermarkets. Fungal characterization utilized Potato Dextrose Agar and Nash-Snyder media. Precise quantification of Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 was executed via high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) and post-column derivatization. Mycological isolation confirmed pervasive colonization by Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Penicillium spp., and Fusarium oxysporum. Method validation yielded excellent recovery (greater than 85%) and precision. Supermarket-sourced pepper (Sample C4) exhibited catastrophic hyper-contamination, with Aflatoxin B1 at 45.35 ppb and total aflatoxins at 99.35 ppb. Turmeric demonstrated intrinsic resistance, with maximum Aflatoxin B1 at 1.41 ppb. Non-parametric Spearman rank analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between trapped packaging micro-humidity and aflatoxin synthesis. In conclusion, modern non-vacuum packaging methodologies drastically elevate trapped micro-humidity, heavily driving the logarithmic growth and toxicological output of Aspergillus. Strict regulatory enforcement of storage humidity and water activity monitoring is urgently required in commercial retail sectors.
Quantitative Mapping of Phytochemical Synergy in Psidium guajava and Piper betle for Antidiarrheal Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Using Radar Chart Analysis and AUC Kintoko; Cendekiawan, Khrisna Agung; Sapto Yuliani; Firdha Aprillia Wardhani
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v7i1.133

Abstract

Infectious diarrhea constitutes a massive global health burden defined by severe gastrointestinal hypermotility, profound fluid hypersecretion, and aggressive mucosal inflammation. Conventional pharmacotherapy, including antimotility agents and broad-spectrum antibiotics, presents significant clinical limitations, including the exacerbation of antimicrobial resistance and adverse systemic effects. Phytochemical interventions utilizing Psidium guajava and Piper betle offer a robust complementary approach. However, the exact quantitative magnitude of their combined pharmacological synergy requires rigorous statistical integration. A systematic review and meta-analysis were executed utilizing PRISMA protocols. Comprehensive literature screening across major databases identified primary research manuscripts reporting precise quantitative parameters on the antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of the targeted extracts. Extracted data variables included sample sizes, mean outcomes, and standard deviations. The Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. The multidimensional therapeutic capacity was further mapped and quantified using Radar Chart Analysis (RCA) and geometric Area Under Curve (AUC) mathematical integration. The statistical synthesis indicated that Psidium guajava profoundly suppressed gastrointestinal motility and intestinal fluid accumulation (Pooled SMD = -2.45; 95% CI: -3.10 to -1.80). Concurrently, Piper betle demonstrated immense broad-spectrum bactericidal activity and superlative free radical scavenging capacity (Pooled SMD = 3.85; 95% CI: 2.95 to 4.75). The subsequent AUC integration revealed that combining the specific phytochemical profiles of both botanical sources mathematically expanded the total therapeutic coverage by 42%. The quantitative framework confirms a highly potent synergistic mechanism. Psidium guajava selectively targets the physiological symptoms of hypermotility and secretory failure, while Piper betle aggressively eradicates the underlying pathogenic etiology and neutralizes oxidative tissue damage. This dual-action synergy provides a formidable, evidence-based foundation for the development of advanced botanical therapeutics.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat Daun Sirih (Piper Betle) Pada Masyarakat Suku Osing Kabupaten Banyuwangi Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan; Nafisah Isnawati; Shinta Mayasari; Neny Poerwahyuningrum; Firdha Aprillia Wardhani; Dea Maulidi Saputri
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Madani Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Madani (JPMM)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi Bisnis Syariah Bina Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51805/jpmm.v6i1.218

Abstract

Pulau Jawa merupakan “pulau yang kaya keanekaragaman hayati. Obat tradisional pada etnis Suku Osing umumnya masih dalam bentuk yang sederhana. Bahan baku yang diambil dari alam setelah dibersihkan biasanya langsung digunakan dalam bentuk segar dengan cara direndam atau direbus, kemudian diminum, diolah dengan cara dihaluskan dan ditumbuk/dipanaskan dalam bungkusan daun. Pengetahuan dan pemanfaatan tanaman obat masih minim, terutama dalam pengolahannya menjadi sediaan yang efektif dan efisien agar mudah digunakan. Sirih hijau (Piper betle) merupakan tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional terutama pada bagian daunnya. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan warga tentang khasiat tanaman sirih hijau sekaligus mendorong warga memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan rumah untuk menanam tanaman tersebut sebagai tanaman obat keluarga serta dapat mengolah simplisia sirih hijau sebagai teh herbal untuk digunakan sebagai minuman berkhasiat obat. Metode yang digunakan adalah sosialisasi, edukasi materi tentang daun sirih hijau, dan pelatihan pembuatan teh herbal. Edukasi dilakukan dengan mengukur tingkat pengetahuan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan sebelum (pretest) dan sesudah (post-test) pemberian materi. Hasil pretest menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan dan minat warga untuk membudidayakan tanaman sirih hijau masih kurang. Namun, hasil post-test menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan mereka menjadi meningkat. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan warga tentang tanaman berkhasiat obat daun sirih hijau (Piper betle).”
Co-Authors Agus Mukholid ahmad Robitah Alfiansyah, Andika Aliyah Purwanti Alvia Putri Priyono, Rosyidatul Amalia Wardatul Firdaus Ancah Caesarina Novi Marchianti Andika Alfiansyah Anggia Faradina Anggraeni, Linda Suci Anggraeni, Lutvi Anggraeni, Lutvi Anggraeni Arnes Yuli Vandika Avrillana Dewangi Gea Ayunda Diarso Bambang Kuswandi Blegoh Iwan Santoso Dea Maulidi Saputri Dewa Ngakan Gde Wahyu Mahatma Putra Dhina Ayu Susanti Diah Yuli Pangesti Diana Kholifah Dina Trianggaluh Fauziah Dwi, Jacinta Dyan Wigati Elisa wardatul awaliya Endang Lifchatullaillah Fadli Fadli Fadli Fadli Fadli Fadli Faradina, Anggia Fitria Hariati Florentinus Dika Octa Riswanto Hariati , Fitria Hasana, Siti Nur HELMALIA HELMALIA, HELMALIA Heru Sulistijono Iski Weni Pebriarti Islami, Nurul Ariffaeni Khairomatul L , Atmanita Khoirun N., Hilda Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko Lia Fitriyaningrum Linda Suci Anggraeni lindawati setyaningrum Lutvi Anggraeni Lutvi Anggraeni Anggraeni M. Rofik Usman Minarti Minarti Muhamad Risal Tawil Muntasir, Muntasir nafisah isnawati Nafisah Isnawati Nafisah Isnawati Neny Poerwahyuningrum Nia Kristiningrum Ningrum, Lailatul Fitria Nufus, Galuh Maulidatun Nuraini , April Nuraini, April Nurul Ariffaeni Islami Pangesti, Yuli Poerwahyuningrum, Neny Putra, Dewa Ngakan Gde Wahyu Mahatma Rasmita, Dina Rensi Suryanti Rina Fitriana Riski Eko Ardianto Runtu, Andro Ruben Sapto Yuliani Sapto Yuliani Savania Alifianty Hafzah, Savania Setyorini, Dhiana Shinta Mayasari Shinta Mayasari Sholeh, Ayu Angger Putri M. Sholihatil Hidayati Siti Nur Hikmah Sugeng Winarso Sugiah Sugiah Sugiah, Sugiah Suryanti, Rensi Susanti, Dhina Ayu Tutik Wuryandari Wardhani, Firdha Aprillia Wulandari, Hilwiyah Septi Wuryandari, Tutik Zani, Benny Novico Zulkarnain Permana