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All Journal Kertha Patrika JURNAL MAGISTER HUKUM UDAYANA Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies Humano: Research Journal Arena Hukum Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum LEGALITY Jurnal Panorama Hukum CARADDE: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Sosio e-kons YUSTISI Unes Law Review Jurnal Masyarakat Merdeka (JMM) GERVASI: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Sarwahita : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Jurnal Yustitia Transparansi Hukum Abdi: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM INDONESIA KRTHA BHAYANGKARA Vyavahara Duta BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Analisis Hukum Yustisi: Jurnal Hukum dan Hukum Islam KADARKUM: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat RIO LAW JURNAL Jurnal Hukum Saraswati JURNAL ILMIAH GLOBAL EDUCATION Locus: Jurnal Konsep Ilmu Hukum Aptekmas : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora (JURRISH) Vyavahara Duta Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Indonesia (J-PeHI) Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Binamulia Hukum Consensus : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vidhisastya: Journal for Legalscholars
Kadek Januarsa Adi Sudharma
Universitas Pendidikan Nasional
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Comparative Analysis of Social Enterprise Regulations in ASEAN: Opportunities for Socio-Economic Development in Indonesia Artha, Putu Anggi Abelia; Sudharma, Kadek Januarsa Adi; Kurniawan, I Gede Agus
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

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Abstract

Social enterprises have attracted global attention due to their ability to simultaneously combine economic objectives and social missions. Thailand, the Philippines, and Singapore are examples of countries in Southeast Asia that have developed different regulatory frameworks to support the growth of social enterprises. This study aims to analyze the regulation of social enterprises in Thailand, the Philippines, and Singapore and explore relevant and contextual ius constituendum to build a national legal framework for social enterprises in Indonesia. The research method used is a comparative study and literature review of regulations, government policies, and social enterprise development practices in the three countries. The results show that Thailand implements the Social Enterprise Promotion Act that provides legal recognition and fiscal incentives; the Philippines uses a hybrid approach through cooperative regulations and government policies; while Singapore emphasizes ecosystem development through supporting institutions, training, and access to financing. Based on these findings, Indonesia requires a national legal framework that includes formal legal recognition, social and economic accountability, fiscal incentives, and multi-sector collaboration mechanisms, so that social enterprises can play an effective role in sustainable development.
Reconstruction of the Tax Court's Function as a Repressive Legal Instrument in Achieving Justice: Urgency and Future Arrangements Utami, Antin Ekaningtyas Widhar; Sudharma, Kadek Januarsa Adi; Kurniawan, I Gede Agus
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i2.7239

Abstract

Tax courts, as part of the judiciary, play a crucial role in achieving justice in society. This research aims to analyze the reconstruction of the tax court's function as a repressive legal instrument in achieving justice, with an emphasis on the urgency and future regulations related to the tax court. This research is normative legal research with a conceptual and legislative approach. The research findings confirm that the urgency of strengthening the position of the Tax Court as a repressive legal instrument is crucial in achieving social justice. This is because the court plays a strategic role as a corrective mechanism that balances government power in tax management, which often has the potential to deviate and harm taxpayers. This aligns with Philipus M. Hadjon's theory of repressive legal protection, where the Tax Court is the final line of defense ensuring the independent and objective enforcement of the rule of law, providing legal space for taxpayers to defend their rights thru objection, appeal, and lawsuit procedures. Therefore, future arrangements to strengthen the position of the Tax Court can be realized thru a comprehensive revision of Law Number 14 of 2002, which integrates the general principles of good governance (GPG) such as the principles of legal certainty, justice, transparency, professionalism, and proportionality, as well as specific principles in tax law. Affirming the finality of decisions and limiting legal remedies, as well as strengthening the principles of non-discrimination and protecting taxpayers' rights, are also important aspects of the revision to create legal certainty and justice.
Business Law Futurism: Between Market Rationality and Human Kurniawan, Komang Suputra; Sudharma, Kadek Januarsa Adi; Kurniawan, I Gede Agus
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

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Abstract

The rise of digital technologies has brought substantial changes to the way business is conducted, regulated, and understood. As companies increasingly rely on algorithmic systems, data-driven decisions, and platform-based markets, business law is pushed to evolve beyond its conventional functions. Yet, these rapid changes also reveal a growing gap: while market efficiency continues to advance, the ethical and human dimensions of law risk being overshadowed. This study explores how business law can remain relevant and principled in the midst of these shifts, especially when technological progress challenges long standing legal assumptions about responsibility, fairness, and accountability. In today’s digital economy, legal norms no longer operate solely through state regulation. Instead, they intersect with platform rules, automated systems, and global standards that influence behaviour as strongly as formal law—sometimes even more. This blending of authorities creates real uncertainty: Who is accountable when algorithms decide outcomes? How can ethical considerations be upheld when market logic prioritises speed over reflection? These questions underline the need for a more grounded understanding of how law should respond to technological acceleration. This article argues that the future strength of business law lies in restoring its ethical orientation while still embracing innovation. Law must continue to protect human dignity, ensure fairness, and maintain transparency, even as markets demand efficiency. Rather than treating technology as something that diminishes the role of law, this study views law as a guide that should shape the direction of technological development. By strengthening its moral foundation, business law can adapt to digital transformation without losing its core purpose. Ultimately, the article emphasises that progress should not come at the cost of justice, and that a human-centred legal system remains essential in navigating the complexities of modern economic life.
Humanism as a New Paradigm in 21st Century Criminal Law Reform Dana, I Kadek Prajadwiva Baskara; Sudharma, Kadek Januarsa Adi; Kurniawan, I Gede Agus
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i2.7501

Abstract

21st century criminal law is undergoing a paradigmatic transformation marked by a shift from a retributive paradigm toward a humanistic one. This new paradigm positions human beings as the central subject of law, aiming to create a criminal justice system grounded in humanity, substantive justice, and the protection of human dignity. This study seeks to analyze the construction of humanistic principles as a new paradigm in criminal law and to examine the extent to which Indonesian criminal law—through the new Criminal Code (KUHP)—has adopted restorative and rehabilitative justice values within its legislative framework and enforcement practices. The research employs a normative legal method using a conceptual approach, analyzing primary legal materials such as the 2023 KUHP, secondary materials including academic literature, and tertiary sources such as legal encyclopedias. The data are examined through a descriptive-analytical method to understand the interrelation between legal norms and humanistic values. The findings reveal that the new KUHP has incorporated the principles of humanism, as reflected in the provisions concerning the purposes of punishment, the prohibition of degrading treatment, and the application of restorative justice principles. Nevertheless, its implementation continues to face structural and cultural challenges within law enforcement institutions. This study contributes scientifically by offering a philosophical and normative perspective on humanism as the foundation for national criminal law reform that is just, civilized, and oriented toward social restoration
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TERHADAP KERUSAKAN WAJAH DARI PENGGUNAAN KOSMETIK BERBAHAN MERKURI Sompie, Rebecca Mirella; Mahadewi, Kadek Julia; Sudharma, Kadek Januarsa Adi; Nandari, Ni Putu Sawitri
RIO LAW JURNAL Vol 7, No 1 (2026): Rio Law Jurnal
Publisher : Universitas Muara Bungo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36355/rlj.v7i1.1902

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian Penelitian ini mengkaji penyelesaian sengketa atas kerusakan wajah akibat penggunaan kosmetik berbahan merkuri melalui pendekatan hukum normatif. Kajian dilakukan dengan menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur perlindungan konsumen, standar keamanan kosmetik, larangan bahan berbahaya, serta tanggung jawab pelaku usaha. Analisis didasarkan pada Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen, Undang-Undang Kesehatan, ketentuan perdagangan, peraturan BPOM mengenai pelarangan merkuri, serta literatur dan putusan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peredaran kosmetik bermerkuri merupakan pelanggaran hukum yang berdampak langsung pada kesehatan konsumen dan termasuk tindak pidana karena tidak memenuhi standar keamanan dan tidak memiliki izin edar. Perlindungan hukum diberikan secara preventif melalui pengaturan standar produk, kewajiban izin edar, pelabelan, dan pengawasan BPOM, serta secara represif melalui hak konsumen menuntut ganti rugi, penyelesaian sengketa melalui BPSK atau pengadilan, dan pemberian sanksi pidana bagi pelaku usaha. Keseluruhan kerangka hukum ini menunjukkan bahwa negara telah menyediakan instrumen perlindungan yang jelas bagi korban, meskipun peredaran produk ilegal masih menjadi tantangan dalam pelaksanaan perlindungan konsumen.Kata Kunci: Kosmetik Berbahaya, Merkuri, Perlindungan Konsumen, Penyelesaian Sengketa, Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Konsumen dalam Peredaran Kosmetik Berbahaya di Kota Denpasar Chintya Putri; Kadek Januarsa Adi Sudharma
Vidhisastya: Journal for Legalscholars Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Nasional

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen di Kota Denpasar akibat peredaran produk kosmetik berbahaya yang tidak memiliki legalitas dari Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Peredaran produk ilegal, termasuk yang menggunakan nomor registrasi palsu atau mengandung bahan kimia berbahaya, telah melanggar hak-hak konsumen Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis empiris, dengan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan dan data lapangan melalui wawancara dengan pihak BPOM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BPOM memiliki dua pendekatan dalam pengawasan kosmetik, yaitu pendekatan preventif berupa pembinaan kepada pelaku usaha, dan pendekatan represif berupa penyidikan oleh Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PPNS) BPOM. Selain itu, BPOM juga menjalin kerja sama lintas sektor dengan instansi pemerintah daerah, Dinas Kesehatan, serta aparat penegak hukum guna mendukung efektivitas pengawasan dan penindakan. Upaya tersebut merupakan wujud nyata dari teori perlindungan konsumen, yang menekankan pada hak konsumen untuk memperoleh rasa aman, kenyamanan, serta kepastian hukum atas produk yang dikonsumsi
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Reputasi Merek Terkait Riview Negatif Food vlogger Di Media Sosial Dela Andiniyanti; Bagus Gede Ari Rama; Ketut Elly Sutrisni; Kadek Januarsa Adi Sudharma
Locus: Jurnal Konsep Ilmu Hukum Vol 5 No 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : LOCUS MEDIA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56128/jkih.v5i3.637

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas perlindungan hukum terhadap reputasi merek akibat riview food vlogger di media sosial. Permasalahan ini penting seiring meningkatnya pengaruh food vlogger dalam membentuk citra produk kuliner. Kasus antara Clairmont Patisserie dan food vlogger Codeblu menggambarkan konflik antara kebebasan berekspresi dan perlindungan reputasi merek di ruang digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Perlindungan hukum dapat dilakukan melalui penerapan Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata, Pasal 27 ayat (3) UU ITE, dan Pasal 6 huruf b UUPK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa review negatif masih termasuk bentuk kebebasan berekspresi, namun harus disampaikan berdasarkan fakta dan itikad baik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan keseimbangan antara hak berekspresi dan tanggung jawab hukum, serta pedoman etik dalam penyampaian ulasan di media sosial.
Pencatutan Citra dan Suara Figur Publik dalam Ekosistem Endorsement Digital Novran Aleksander Wowiling; Kadek Januarsa Adi Sudharma; Komang Satria Wibawa Putra; Bagus Gede Ari Rama
Locus: Jurnal Konsep Ilmu Hukum Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Maret
Publisher : LOCUS MEDIA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56128/jkih.v6i1.866

Abstract

Pencatutan citra dan suara figur publik dalam endorsement digital semakin kompleks seiring perkembangan Artificial Intelligence (AI). Citra dan suara sebagai bagian dari hak kepribadian memiliki dimensi identitas dan nilai ekonomi, sehingga penggunaannya tanpa persetujuan berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian reputasional dan materiil. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perlindungan hukum terhadap praktik tersebut di Indonesia serta efektivitas mekanisme yang tersedia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara preventif, Pasal 26 ayat (1) UU ITE memberikan dasar perlindungan melalui prinsip persetujuan atas penggunaan data pribadi, meskipun belum secara eksplisit mengatur citra dan suara. Secara represif, tindakan ini dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum berdasarkan Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata, namun mekanisme ini bersifat reaktif dan menghadapi kendala pembuktian, sehingga diperlukan penguatan regulasi yang lebih spesifik dan adaptif.
Analisis Yuridis Kepastian Hukum Tanggung Jawab Penyelenggara Insurtech atas Kebocoran Data Pribadi Nasabah Asuransi Digital Dewi, Komang Aristia Sadia; Nandari, Ni Putu Sawitri; Sudharma, Kadek Januarsa Adi; Sukadana, Dewa Ayu Putri
AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis
Publisher : Perhimpunan Sarjana Ekonomi dan Bisnis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37481/jmh.v6i2.2003

Abstract

The rapid development of insurtech as a digital innovation in the insurance sector has increased efficiency while simultaneously raising the risk of personal data breaches involving policyholders. This study aims to examine the legal certainty and civil liability of insurtech providers in cases of personal data breaches under Law Number 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (UU PDP) and POJK No. 36 of 2024. The research applies a normative legal method using a statute approach, supported by primary legal materials in the form of legislation and secondary materials from scholarly literature. The findings indicate that insurtech providers, as personal data controllers, bear comprehensive responsibilities, including mandatory breach notification within 72 hours, implementation of mitigation and recovery measures, and compensation for material and immaterial losses. While POJK No. 36/2024 emphasizes preventive mechanisms through risk management and governance, the UU PDP provides a more comprehensive framework by incorporating administrative and criminal sanctions. However, gaps remain regarding effective remedial mechanisms and regulatory coordination. Strengthening these aspects is essential to ensure legal certainty, enhance accountability, and protect consumer rights in the digital insurance ecosystem.
Disharmonisasi Norma Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha Berbasis Strict Liability dalam Sengketa Konsumen Herliana, Ni Putu Mirah Henny; Sukadana, Dewa Ayu Putri; Sudharma, Kadek Januarsa Adi; Nandari, Ni Putu Sawitri
AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis
Publisher : Perhimpunan Sarjana Ekonomi dan Bisnis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37481/jmh.v6i2.2028

Abstract

This study examines the normative inconsistency in regulating business actors’ liability under Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, particularly in relation to the application of strict liability. The main problem arises from the coexistence of different liability regimes, namely strict liability, fault-based liability, and presumption of liability, without clear conceptual boundaries. This situation creates legal uncertainty and weakens the position of consumers. The research aims to analyze this inconsistency and propose a conceptual reconstruction to achieve legal coherence. This study applies a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches, focusing on Articles 19(1), 19(5), and 28 of the law. The findings show that the overlap of liability models leads to ambiguity in interpretation and inconsistent law enforcement, which enables business actors to avoid responsibility. This condition is not in line with the principles of legal certainty and justice within the welfare state framework. Therefore, clearer differentiation of liability regimes is required through legislative clarification or judicial guidelines so that strict liability can function effectively in protecting consumers and ensuring fair business practices.
Co-Authors A.A. Ayu Intan Puspadewi Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Adhitya, Sang Putu Dimas Adhyaksa, Ni Kadek MeiIy Adibah, Mawar Farah Adinda Trisya Anindia Putri Agus Putu Abiyasa Anak Agung Alit Satya Prananda, S.H. Anak Agung Ayu Intan Puspadewi Anak Agung Ayu Ngurah Sri Rahayu Gorda Angelo, Michael Aninda Allayna Sururi Irawan Antari, Putu Eva Ditayani Ardi Prabasari, Ni Kadek Dhea Arista Putri, Putu Della Artami, Ida Ayu Ketut Artha, Putu Anggi Abelia Asefa, Rahel Ayu Meiranda Bagus Gede Ari Rama Bagus Gede Ari Rama Budiana, I Nyoman Chintya Putri Dana, I Kadek Prajadwiva Baskara Dela Andiniyanti Desak Putu Widiati Dewa Ayu Putri Sukadana Dewa Ayu Yeni Asmari Dewi, Komang Aristia Sadia Dewi, Ni Putu Sukma Dheanatul Islamiyyah Diah Pitaloka, Ni Kadek Intan Finezea, Senja Firdaus, Angelica Deftari Firdaus Gorda, A.A.A. Ngr Sri Rahayu Gorda, AAA. Ngurah Tini Rusmini Herliana, Ni Putu Mirah Henny I Gede Agus Kurniawan I Gusti Agung Ayu Valencia Mutiara Putri I Gusti Agung Ayu Valencia Mutiara Putri I Gusti Ayu Eviani Yuliantari I Gusti Ayu Julia Maharani I Kadek Widi Pranajaya I Komang Trisna Sugiarta I Made Wiray Darma I Nengah Sucipta Angga Putra I Ngurah Made Arya Putrawan Sudana I Putu Edi Rusmana Ida Bagus Agung Andhika Putra Irlanda, Astrina Putri jesslyn, chlaresta Kadek Julia Mahadewi Kurniawan, Komang Suputra Luh Febby Liamitha Lukcs Nikolet, Talabos Dvidn Made Widya Prasasti Manik Mas, Made Nitya Amanda Putri Mario Binsar Martua Sihombing Ni Gusti Agung Ayu Mas Triwulandari Ni Kadek Marlita Erdiana Putri Ni Ketut Elly Sutrisni, Ni Ketut Elly Ni Komang Nayati Sukma Dewi Ni Luh Mita Juniari Ni Made Diah Karisma Rustanti Ni Made Tiara Chandradita Ni Nyoman Nadiari Ni Nyoman Sri Wisudawati Ni Putu Eva Ditayani Antari Ni Putu Sawitri Nandari Ni Putu Winda Trisna Utami Novran Aleksander Wowiling Nur Shadrina, Salsabila Pidada Rurus, Ida Ayu Tyara Pipin Carolina BR Barus Pramana, Putu Arya Aditya Putra, I Gede Ryan Mahendra Putra, I Nyoman Arya Sutaprawira Putra, Komang Satria Wibawa Putri Ramadhani, Faradhina Zahra Putri, A.A.Sg. Manik Maharani Putri, Kesari Pringga Juwita Sedana Putu Adi Saskara Putra Putu Ngurah Dhimas Pratama Sanjaya Rachella, Baby Saputro, Rizqi Hadi Satrio Wahyu Sri Pamungkas Shadrina, Salsabila Nur Sinlae, Ayu Septyani Bellandina Soenartha, Kevin Varrisco Christoven Sompie, Rebecca Mirella Sukadana, Dewa Ayu Putri Utami, Antin Ekaningtyas Widhar Vaisile Moisa, Robert Widiawan, I Putu Arya Restu Wijaya, Gst. Ngr. Pt. Arya Kusuma ⁠Anak Agung Ayu Intan Puspadewi