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All Journal HUMANIS E-Journal of Linguistics E-Journal Of Cultural Studies Linguistika Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL) IJoLE: International Journal of Language Education Register Journal International Journal of Systemic Functional Linguistics LANGUA: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Education International Journal of Linguistics and Discourse Analytics (ijolida) Udayana Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (UJoSSH) Randwick International of Social Science Journal Lexeme : Journal of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics International Journal of English and Applied Linguistics (IJEAL) JASL - Journal of Applied Studies in Language Loquēla J-CEKI Ulil Albab Langua: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Education

I Made Suastra

Udayana University, Indonesia

Author-ID : 2924013

Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Helong Language in West Kupang District, Kupang Regency East Nusa Tenggara is Shifting Towards Death Gregorius Sudaryano; Made Budiarsa; I Made Suastra; Simon Sabon Ola
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 11 No 2 (2017): eJL-July
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Research on language shift related to social factor is included in sociolinguistic research. This study is to examine the phenomenon of Helong language (HL) shift in the District of West Kupang, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. HL shift is a product of language contact and language competition which is characterized by the use of HL by its speakers that is getting lower and switch to another more prestigious one. Therefore, the phenomenon of HL shift was analyzed based on the choice of HL language use in a domain that implies HL maintenance by its speakers among generations. In order to get the expected data, this study involved 100 respondents consisting groups of 40 parents, 29 adults, and 31 children. The data obtained through data collection techniques were analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative methods. It was conducted based on the attitude of language in the dimensions of language loyalty, language pride, and awareness of language norms in the domains of family, education, customs, neighborhood, government, and religion referring to the level of HL maintenance. The results showed that the phenomenon of HL shift in the District of West Kupang, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province reflected reducing number of intergenerational Helong native speakers in using their own language. The presence of Indonesian language (IL) intervening the use of language in the domains of education, government, and religion influencing the use of languages in the domains of family and neighborhood. Thus, HL is shifting towards death in the next generations.

Social Pragmatic Failure of Indonesian Mandarin Learners at Elementary Level Liu Dan Dan; Suastra I Made; Elvira Septevany
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 15 No 2 (2021): e-jl July
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/e-jl.2021.v15.i02.p02

The aim of this study is to help Indonesian learners avoid the failure of social pragmatics in intercultural communication and achieve successful communication goals. The data collection technique was carried out in two ways, the one way was done by distributing questionnaires given by google form, and the other way was done by direct observation when the author had daily conversations with Indonesian learners which were followed up with orthographic recording and note-taking techniques. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling. The samples used were students at the elementary level learning Mandarin at Universitas Hasanuddin and Sekolah Islam Athirah of Indonesia. Through analyze, the results of the usage of Mandarin with a contextual approach, we find that there are 4 main types of social pragmatic failures committed by Indonesian learners at their elementary stage. These four types social pragmatic failures consist of failure to address people, failure to greeting, failure to farewell, and failure to ask for permission.

BILINGUALISM AMONG THE ADOLESCENTS IN BADUNG REGENCY, BALI I Nyoman Muliana; I Made Suastra; Made Budiarsa; Ni Made Dhanawaty
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 9 Januari 2015 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (233.989 KB)

This paper presents a discussion of bilingualism among the adolescents in Badung Regency, the Province of Bali. It aims to explore the bilingualism situation and the existence of Balinese Language among them. The discussion is based on participant observation to the adolescents and it is based on Sociolinguistic Theory. The result of the discussion shows that the adolescents in Badung Regency are bilinguals of Balinese and Indonesian languages. They use Balinese language in all their communicative activities, except some females occasionally showed the use of Indonesian language. Their conversations both in Balinese and Indonesian languages are also followed by code mixing of the words and phrase of Indonesian, Balinese, and English languages. The result of the discussion also indicates that Balinese language still used and maintained by the adolescents in Badung Regency.

en Lu Xing Lu Xing; I Made Suastra
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 16 No 1 (2022): ejl-January
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/e-jl.2022.v16.i01.p01

The aim of this study is to call for more attention to the non-verbal resources of linguistic landscape research and also provide a certain reference for implement of various countries in the other scenic area of the world. The data collection technique is the comprehensive photographing of signs in various shops, hotels, restaurants at the streets of survey areas. The equipment used is a digital camera. The sampling technique is carried out by random sampling. In order to get the diversity, a wide range of signs is selected. Through analyze, the non-verbal resources of the linguistic landscape of Dali ancient city tourist attraction is that official signs appropriately use the non-text marks to better promote local culture. The use of colors highlights text messages and makes people visually comfortable, in line with Chinese aesthetic habits. Most of the signs have radically abandoned traditional shapes and used non-traditional shapes that are more distinctive and can convey cultural information, which are worthy of promotion. Since the combined sign is formulated in accordance with the official sign standard, the shape and color are more in line with the official standard. The non-text marks on the signs are customized privately, which is more diverse than the unified official watch signs. The non-verbal resources of private signs pay more attention to the transmission of information, and more use of phone numbers combined with brand logos makes the linguistic landscape an advertising effect and maximizes the mass communication of private brands. In addition, in order to comply with the official requirements, the color and shape of the signage do not differ much from store to store. It is worth mentioning that the official signage has a more long-term development perspective, by using the QR code which is very popular nowadays, but the scope of the implement is limited.

SUSTAINABILITY OF LANGKAT MALAY LANGUAGE A STUDY OF COMMUNITY OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN STABAT, LANGKAT REGENCY Abdurahman Adisaputera; I Made Suastra; I Wayan Jendra; Made Budiarsa
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 4. Januari 2010 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (98.311 KB)

This study explores the sustainability of the Langkat Malay Language (Bahasa MelayuLangkat abbreviated as BML) spoken by the speech community of young people based on languagechoice, language attitude, language dynamics and influential socio- cultural and socio-ecologicalfactors. 230 (two hundred and thirty) young people were used as the samples in this study. The dataneeded were obtained by documentation, survey, interview, and participatory observation methods.The findings show that there was a shift from BML to Indonesian language (BahasaIndonesia abbreviated as BI) in every domain of use and in various situations of communication.As far as BML is concerned, some internal shifts were also found. The intention to adjust the BMLforms to the forms and meanings of BI in phonological, lexical and grammatical levels wasresponsible for this. Both the internal and external factors led to the shifts of BML to BI. Theinfluential internal factors included (1) high tolerance of other ethnic groups; (2) high socialmobility of the young people; (3) the decrease in cultural traditional activities; (4) the decrease inthe concept of Mel ecology; (5) the attitude of not being observant to BML, and (6) no simultaneitybetween traditional processions and the BNL use. The external factors included (1) the new comingethnic groups, especially the ethnic group of Eja, were getting more dominant; (2) the residingpattern was getting mixed; (3) as the National Language, BI was more widely used, understood bybilinguals, gave prestige in social intercourse; and (4) there was a high interaction between thecommunity of young people and the other communities coming from different ethnic groups andspeaking different languages. Ecologically, the domains of meanings referring to particularreferents in BML went down as far as the concepts of its speakers are concerned. Such a fallresulted from (1) the limited interaction between the community of young people and the Melecology-featured entities; (2) the entities were so scarce that they were not included in the speakers’minds; (3) and the lexical concepts internalized by the speakers, as far as those entities areconcerned, were excluded in BML but included in the other languages. The shift from BML to BImade by the young speakers made BML get highly less sustainable. By referring to the criteriaintroduced by Wurm (in Crystal, 2000: 20) concerning the extinction of languages, it may be statedthat BML is already in stadium 2, that is, a language which is almost getting extinct.

Speaking for Academic Purposes Course: An Analysis of Language Functions Sebastianus Menggo; I Made Suastra; Made Budiarsa; Ni Nyoman Padmadewi
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 13 No 2 (2019): e-jl-July
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Speaking as the most demanding skill to be mastered in the ESL/EFL teaching context. This is caused by the prime priority of students who want to study English in order to be able to use English for communicative purposes. Knowledge of language functions has a vital role in supporting a speaker to be more involved in the real interaction. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of language functions in the speaking for academic purposes course. This study conducted at the English department students which altogether 33 persons in STKIP Santu Paulus Ruteng, Indonesia. Then data were collected through observation, field note and natural recorded when the respondents were doing the English speaking exercises at the speaking for academic purposes course. Data collection were done during eight meetings and only language functions utterances of those respondents were analyzed. The utterances recorded are expected to be representative of the whole the language functions. Utterances produced by respondents were recorded precisely by the researchers. The result showed that there are five types of language functions found, namely interactive function, informative function, manipulative function, motivative function and directive functions. Those functions are reciprocal. Speaking practitioners are suggested to provide the knowledge of language functions in the speaking learning process.

Developing A Method of Learning English Speaking Skills Based on the Language Functions Used in the Food and Beverage Service Denok Lestari; I Made Suastra; I Wayan Pastika; I Nyoman Sedeng
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 11 No 1 (2017): eJL-January
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

This research is aimed to analyse language functions in English, specifically those which are used in the context of Food and Beverage Service. The findings of the analysis related to the language functions are then applied in a teaching method which is designed to improve the students’ abilities in speaking English. There are two novelties in this research. The first one is the theory of language functions which is reconstructed in accordance with the Food and Beverage Service context. Those language functions are: permisive (to soften utterances, to avoid repetition, and to adjust intonation); interactive (to greet, to have small talks, and farewell); informative (to introduce, to show, to state, to explain, to ask, to agree, to reject, and to confirm); persuasive (to offer, to promise, to suggest, and to persuade); directive (to tell, to order, and to request); indicative (to praise, to complain, to thank, and to apologize). The second novelty which is more practical is the design of the ASRI method which consists of four basic components, namely: Aims (the purpose in communicating); Sequence (the operational procedure in handling guests in the restaurant); Role play (the simmulation activities in language learning); and Interaction (the interactive communications between participants). The method of ASRI with the application of the language functions in its ABCD procedure, namely Acquire, Brainstorm, Chance and Develop is proven to be effective in improving the students’ abilities in speaking English, specifically in the context of Food and Beverage Service.

Ecolinguistic Approaches in Development of English Teaching Materials for English for Business Ni Wayan Krismayani; I Made Suastra; I Nyoman Suparwa
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 15 No 1 (2021): ejl-January
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/e-jl.2021.v15.i01.p03

This study aims at finding an English learning model using an ecolinguistic approach in the preparation of syllabus and teaching materials. Qualitative descriptive methods are applied and natural phenomena are used to develop syllabus. This phenomenon focuses on learning and teaching strategies that are applied. Data obtained through tests, questionnaires and direct observation for needs analysis. The syllabus was developed based on the results of material analysis and needs.The ecological approach in education has the aim to preserve nature and its contents by building an environmentally friendly character. From this rationale, the ecological approach in language education has a number of characters that are used to find new ways to be applied to language learning. The result of the study shows that teaching materials have met the characteristics of the ecolinguistic approach, namely: relations, context, patterns / systems, emergence, quality, value, critical, variability, diversity, and activity. These characteristics are used as a theoretical basis for this research.

KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA PADA PENUTUR BAHASA KAMBERA DI SUMBA TIMUR I Wayan Simpen; Prof. Dr. Aron Meko Mbete; Prof. Drs. I Made Suastra, Ph.D.; Prof. Dr. I Wayan Pastika, M.S.
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 2. Mei 2008 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (91.022 KB)

Seperti halnya bahasa lain, bahasa Kambera memiliki fungsi sebagai alat untuk menyampaikan pikiran dan perasaan, sebagai alat untukmemahami pikiran dan perasaan, dan sebagai alat berpikir dan berasa. Kesantunan berbahasa adalah salah satu aspek kebahasaan yang dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan emosional penuturnya. Kajian terhadap kesantunan berbahasa pada penutur bahasa Kambera bertujuan untuk menemukan, mendeskripsikan, dan menganalisis satuan verbal yang digunakan sebagai kesantunan, menemukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesantunan, makna kesantunan, unsure suprasegmental yang mempengaruhi kesantunan, dan unsur paalainguistik yang menyertai kesantunan.Penelitian kesantunan berbahasa pada penutur bahasa Kambera bertumpu pada teori Linguistik Kebudayaan dan teori Sosiopragmatik. Metode yang digunakan dibedakan menjadi tiga jenis, yaitu metode dan teknik pengumpulan data, metode dan teknik penganalisisan data, dan metode dan teknik penyajian hasil analisis. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi terlibat aktif dan wawancara, dengan teknik pancingan, pencatatan, dan perekaman. Data yang terkumpul diklasifikasi berdasarkan jenis, bentuk, dan variabel penent. Analisis tidak menggunakan data secara kuantitatif, sehingga tidak ada analisis secara statistik. Hasil analisis disajikan dengan metode informal, dan dibatu dengan teknik penyajian secara deduktif dan induktif.Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa kesantunan berbahasa pada penutur bahasa Kambera menggambarkan ideologi yang dijadikan dasar kesantunan berbahasa. Satuan verbal yang digunakan untuk kesantunan berbentuk kata, gabungan kata, kalimat, dan peribahasa. Kesantunan berbahasa dipengaruhi oleh faktor status, jenis kelamin, usia, dan hubungan kekerabatan. Makna kesantunan merefleksikan latar budaya yang dianut penutur dengan berorientasi pada sistem kepercayaan, sistem mata pencaharian, hubungan kekerabatan, stratifikasi sosial, dan sistem pernikahan.Berdasarkan hasil analisis di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa sampai saat ini penutur bahasa Kambera masih memegang teguh prinsip hidupnya. Prinsip hidup itu tertuang dalam ideologi yang mereka sebut Hopu li li witi- Hopu li la kunda’ akhir dari segala pembicaraan –akhir dari segala pintalan’. Satuan verbal yang digunakan kesantunan berbentuk kata, gabungan kata, kalimat, dan peribahasa. Faktor seperti usia, jenis kelamin, status, dan hubungan kekerabatan sangat berpengaruh dalam kesantunan. Makna kesantunan menggambarkan latar budaya yang berkaitan dengan sistem kepercayaan, sistem mata pencaharian, sistem kekerabatan, dan sistem pernikahan.Unsur suprasegmetal dan paralinguistik berpengaruh terhadap kesantunan verbal. Ada satu aspek kebahasaan yang perlu dikaji lebih dalam, yaitu luluku. Ini merupakan lahan baru yang cukup menantang untuk dikaji.

CODE-CROSSING: HIERARCHICAL POLITENESS IN JAVANESE Majid Wajdi; I Ketut Darma Laksana; I Made Suastra; I Made Budiarsa
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol.7. Januari 2013 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (83.626 KB)

Javanese is a well known for its speech levels called ngoko ‘low’ and krama ‘high’ which enable its speakers to show intimacy, deference, and hierarchy among the society members. This research applied critically Brown and Gilman (1960)’s theory of terms of address to analyze the asymmetrical, factors which influence, and politeness of the use of speech levels in Javanese. Method of observation, in depth interview, and document study were applied to collect the data. Recorded conversation was then transcribed into written form, classified and codified according to the speech levels, and analyzed using politeness system (Scollon and Scollon, 2001) and status scale (Homes, 2001). The use of speech levels shows asymmetric communication: two speakers use two different codes, i.e. ngoko and krama because of power (+P) and with/without distance (+/-D), and it is the reflection of hierarchical politeness. The asymmetrical use of ngoko and krama by God and His Angel, God and human beings strongly explicated the asymmetrical communication between superiors and inferiors. The finding of the research shows that the use of ngoko and krama could present the phenomena of code-switching, code-mixing, and the fundamental phenomenon is ‘code-crossing’. It is concluded that hierarchical politeness in Javanese is ‘social contract’ i.e. the acknowledgment of the existence of high class (superior) and low class (inferior) implemented in ‘communications contract’ using speech levels of the Javanese language in line with status scale. Asymmetrical use of ngoko and krama indexed inequality, hierarchy, and harmony

Co-Authors Abdurahman Adisaputera Agung Adi Anak Agung Putu Putra Aptanta Faiz Aro Meko Mbete Aron Meko Mbete Ashari Jamangantar Siregar Ayudhea Putri, Wayan Denaya Daar, Gabriel Fredi Denok Lestari Elvira Septevany Endah Nur Tjendani Evellyn Wardhana Francicus I Made Barta Gania Diah Iswari Gregorius Sudaryano I Gusti Agung Istri Aryani I Gusti Made Sutjaja I Gusti Ngurah Galih Pawitra I Ketut Darma Laksana I Ketut Murdana I Ketut Tika I Komang Sumaryana Putra I Made Budiarsa I Made Netra I Made Sena Darmasetiyawan I Nyoman Muliana I Nyoman Sedeng I NYOMAN SUPARWA I Nyoman Tri Ediwan I Wayan Jendra I WAYAN PASTIKA I Wayan Simpen Ida Bagus Gde Pujaastawa Ida Bagus Gde Yudha Triguna Kadek Ayu Teja Murthi Kadek Feni Aryati Laksono Trisnantoro Liu Dan Dan Lu Xing Lu Xing Luh Putu Laksminy Made Detriasmita Saientisna Majid Wajdi Menggo, Sebastianus Menggo, Sebastianus Ni Kadek Suantari Ni Ketut Ani Septiarini Ni Ketut Widhiarcani Matradewi Ni Komang Desey Trisna Dewi Saputri Ni Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini Ni Luh Putu Krisnawati Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha Ni Made Ayu Juliana Dewi Ni Made Dhanawaty Ni Made Mitha Suandari Ni Nyoman Padmadewi Ni Putu Sheila Damota Ni Wayan Krismayani Ni Wayan Sukarini Nugraha, I Putu Gede Aditya Nyoman Cindy Marantika Dewi Pratiwi, Ida Ayu Eka Prof. Dr. Aron Meko Mbete Prof. Dr. I Wayan Rasna,M.Pd . Putu Aristya Dewi Putu Delita Tiswani Sanjaya Ryan Febryanto Safitri, Luh Mega Sang Ayu Isnu Maharani Simon Sabon Ola Wan Angelica Agustina Wayan Widia Sri Meniang Widiatmika, Putu Wahyu Yasinta Nyoman Mariantini Yayi Suryo Prabandari

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